Proposal for the Establishment and Funding of the Cluster of Excellence

Origin and Structure of the Universe

The Cluster of Excellence for Fundamental Physicsin München/Garching

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Research Area A

Big Bang

The History of the UniverseThe History of the UniverseThe History of the UniverseThe History of the Universe

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Todaytime

© Cluster of Excellence - Origin and Structure of the Universe

13

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lion

years

10

-34

s

10

-10

s

300 s

30

0.0

00

years

1 b

illi

on

years

Superstring /Supergravity Era

GUT EraCosmic Inflation?

Electro-weak &Quark Era

Particles Era

Radiation dominated Era Matter dominated Era

Research Area B

Research Area C

Research Area D

Research Area G

Research Area F

Research Area E

Star & GalaxyFormation

Present

Decoupling ofMatter - Radiation

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QQ

Q

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n p

np BlackHoles

ϒ

First light from Big Bang emergesFirst Supernovae

& heavy elements

Protons and neutrons formNucleosynthesis of He

Electromagnetcic& weak forces decouple

Particles responsible for strong, weak and electro-magnetic forces emerge

Forces and energy are

indistinguishable (speculative)

Universe grows from atomic to cosmic scale in

thousands of a second

How does matter behave at extremely high energies and short distances ?• Physics beyond present experience• Supersymmetrie and GUT theories• String theory and M-theory• Quantum gravity at the Planck scale

Is there symmetry between matter and forces ?• Cosmological Matter-Antimatter problem (CP-violation)• Dark matter and neutrino masses• Search for Supersymmetry• Link of supersymmetry and quantum gravitation

What is the origin of particle masses and the reason for their hierarchy ?• Search for Higgs and new particles at colliders• Investigate neutrino masses with new experiments• Hadronic mass studies• Mass generation in theory – Higgs, supersymmetry, extra dimensions

What are the dark components of the Universe ?• Predictions for astronomical signatures• Confirm and extend observational evidence• Direct (particle) search for dark matter• Understand relation of dark matter/ particle&fields within fundamental theory

How did black holes form and evolve ?• Creation of stellar black holes in gamma-ray bursts • Creation of supermassive black holes in galaxy centers• Influence of black holes on evolution of galaxies

How was the Universe enriched with heavy elements ?• Astrophysical sources of heavy elements• Nucleosynthesis with weak and nuclear processes• Chemical evolution of universe on large and small scales

TUM&LMU and Scientific Institutes

Key Features of the Cluster

• 10 new junior research groups• 2 New professors and 2 early reappointments• New local research infrastructure

– UCN source at FRMII (co-financing)– Upgrade of Wendelstein Telescope– Underground laboratory (extension)– GRID computing cluster

• Dedicated office building• Integration into existing graduate schools• Active measures to support gender equality &

diversity• Strong support of young scientists• Total volume: ~35 M€ over 5 years

Science Campus Garching

MPP, USM

Reactor

ESO

MPA, MPE, IPP

Cluster Building

TUM

LMU

LRZ

MLL

Wendelstein

Astroparticle physics • Neutrino Mixing• Calorimetry (-physics)

Development of radiation detectors• Electroweak precision experiments• Calorimetry (HEP)

CP Violation in Baryons • Physics beyond standard model• Precision magnetometry with neutrons

Junior Research Groups with Hardware Development in Munich

€ InvestLow Background

Laboratory

€ InvestUCN source

at FRMII

MLL laboratories and accelerator, FRMII

Electronics Laboratories

Detector Laboratories

Low Temperature Labs

Dense and Strange Hadronic Matter• Medium effects on hadron masses• Measurements at GSI, Frascati

JRG in Experimental/Observational Science at Large Scale Facilities

€ InvestGRID

Computing

Heavy Quark Physics• CP violation in mesons• Data Analysis LHC, Tevatron, B-Factories

Dark Energy• Gravitational lensing, galaxy distribution • Data Analysis KIDS, HETDEX, eROSITA

Detector Know-How within Cluster

Large Scale Computingfor Analysis and Simulationat Computing Centers

Mathematical Analysis Tools and Techniques

Connect Particle Physics and Astrophysics/Cosmology

Interplay between Experimental Physics and Theory

Junior Research Groups in Theory

Particle physics in the early universe • Electroweak Phase Transition• Support Experimentalists (LHC)

First light and chemical enrichment of the universe • Star Formation and Evolution• Chemical Abundances (Connect to Data)

Extra dimensions • e.g. GUT models in higher dimensions• Connect to Observables (LHC)

New physics beyond the standard model• Extensions of the Standard Model• Connect to LHC and CPV data

Major Investments• New Infrared Camera for Wendelstein Observatory

– Joint Financing with State of Bavaria• Extension of Low Count Rate Laboratory

– Use Existing Installation at MLL• Installation of GRID Computing

– Base Installation– Connection to D-GRID, IGSSE (excellence Grad

School)• Source for ultracold neutrons at FRMII

– Joint financing with FRMII • Upgrade of University Technical Laboratories

MolecularClouds(LMU/USM)

Supernovae (MPA)

Simulations Research Areas F & G:New groups: • W3 (LMU) – Theoretical Astrophysics• W3 (TUM) – Experimental Astroparticlephysics• W2 (TUM) – Experimental Nuclear Astrophysics• JRG2: Neutrino Astronomy• JRG9: First Light & Chemical Enrichment• IPP: Max-Planck research group – Turbulent ISM, structure formationInvestment:• USM: New optical-near-infrared camera for Wendelstein 2m telescope

Time

InterstellarMedium

Big Bang

Stellar nucleosynthesis

Ejection, Explosion

Star formation

Molecular clouds

GRBsSupernovae

Protostars

ESO / VLT

Integral (MPE)

26Al

FAIR

AbundancesSample InstrumentsWendelstein(USM)

Black Holes

Neutron Stars

LMU/TUM

NuclearChart

0

1E-15

2E-15

3E-15

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14age [Myr]

60Fe

/ Fe

60Fe/FeSN@ 3 Myr

(MLL Tandem)

element number

Log

abun

danc

e

CS22892-052

solar r

40 50 60 70 80 90-2

-1

0

1

Remnants

Heavy Element Enrichment of the Universe