Prophet muhammad, the first lawgiver
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Transcript of Prophet muhammad, the first lawgiver
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Prophet Muhammad, inspired by God, can be considered the first real lawgiver in history. The laws and the ethical system he laid 1400 years ago rose a pagan ignorant nation from the mire of darkness to fly high.What makes these law unequal is that its suitability to all the ages.
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Spiritual He taught that there is one God for all mankind.He presented the true monotheism that all the previous prophets called for. He taught Muslims to believe in the prophets and their original holy books.
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As a Politician He negotiated treaties with the Jews and
the pagans of Madinah( the then capital of the Islamic state). These treaties were the first written surviving constitution in the world.
This constitution guaranteed:(1) Freedom of religion(2) Self-governance(3) Legal autonomy in all matters.
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Continued (4) The common defense of the Islamic state.(5) He declared the Jews, pagans, and Muslims of that treaty to be one nation.
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Never did he initiated a war and all his wars were defensive He prohibited cutting a tree, killing an animal unless for food. To him, war was the last ditch when all possible peaceful means failed.He ordered that prisoners should be fed, clothed and given health care. He prohibited killing a child or a woman during military engagements.He prohibited killing non-combatant.So merciful that He declared that he ( the prophet) will be an enemy to whoever hurts a Christian or a Jew.
Prophet Muhammad and the ethics of war
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He prohibited killing a sparrow and what are biggerHe prohibited polluting water.He declared that animals should not be made hungry.He declared that animals should not be killed unless for food. He declared that an Animal should not be slaughtered before another.He declared that an animal should be slain with a sharp knife.
Laws for Environment
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He stressed the importance of the personal cleanliness; preservation and nourishment of all life forms, including plants and animals; rituals and spirituality of prayers; fasting and charity; righteous conduct and good deeds; and rights of parents, children, spouses, and neighbors.
As to the Moral behavior
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As to the Interpersonal Relations:Teaching to enhance human relations and to avoid breaking relationships; encouraging mutual consultation in all affairs; prohibiting bigotry and racism; emphasizing kindness and hospitality toward others, especially the weak and the poor; and drying the roots of slavery; considering slaves to be brothers and sisters and giving the same clothes and foods of the slaveholders.
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He stressed the personal rules and laws regarding privacy, gender relations, marriage, divorce, and inheritance.
As to the financial guidelines: He encouraged charity, He stressed the rights of the poorHe stressed the respect for workers, and rejected exploitation; and circulation of wealth among all classes.
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As to the Criminal laws implementing the Less than two percent of Quranic verses deal with the criminal law of Islam, which is a part of the Sharia but not the totality of it.
The Prophet asked his judges to make things easy for people, not difficult.He declared all sins forgivable as long as a person asks God’s forgiveness and that of the one who has been wronged.
The Prophet gave special emphasis to honoring treaties, standing up for justice, and opposing oppression.
