Properties of Multiplication
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Transcript of Properties of Multiplication
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Properties of Multiplication
6.C.1.a Multiply whole numbers
3.A.1.a.Use technology tools, including software and hardware, from a range of teacher-selected options to learn a new content or reinforce skills
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Definitions
• Zero Property – The product of any factor and 0 equals 0.
• 65 x 0 = 0
• 8 x 0 = 0
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Zero Property
• 5 x 0 = 0 4 x 0 = 0
• a x 0 = 0 b x 0 = 0
• 6 x 0 = 0 3 x 0 = 0
• y x 0 = 0 z x 0 = 0
• 18 x 0 = 0 19 x 0 = 0
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Solve these equations using the zero property
• 7 x n = 0• 2 x m = 0• 3 x z = 0• 6 x g = 0• 4 x s = 0• 8 x c = 0
n = 0
s = 0
g = 0
z = 0
m = 0
c = 0
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Definitions
• Commutative Property – The order of the factors does not change the product.
• 6 x 8 = 8 x 6• 14 x 3 = 3 x 14
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Commutative Property
• 5 x 4 = 20 4 x 5 = 20
• a x b = c b x a = c
• 6 x 3 = 18 3 x 6 = 18
• a x y = z y x a = z
• 3 x 4 x 1 = 12 1 x 3 x 4 = 12
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Solve these equations using the commutative property
• n + 7 = 7 + 4
• m + 2 = 2 + 5
• z + 3 = 3 + 9
• g + 6 = 6 + 11
• s + 4 = 4 + 20
• c + 8 = 8 + 32
n = 4
m = 5z = 9
g = 11s = 20c = 32
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Definitions
• Associative Property – The way factors are grouped does not change a product.
• (11 x 3) x 4 = 11 x (3 x 4)• 5 x (5 x 10) = (5 x 5) x 10
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Associative Property
• 5 x (7 x 4) = (5 x 7) x 4
• a x (b x c) = (a x b) x c
• (6 x 3) x 2 = 6 x (3 x 2)
• 12 x (8 x 1) = (12 x 8) x 1
• (9 x 10) x 2 = 9 x (10 x 2)
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Rewrite these equations using the associative property
• 2 x (3 x 3) =
• 4 x (9 x 8) =
• 3 x (7 x 4) =
• 5 x (6 x 3) =
• 10 x (5 x 7) =
• 11 x (2 x 2) =
(2 x 3) x 3(4 x 9) x
8(3 x 7) x 4(5 x 6) x 3
(10 x 5) x 7
(11 x 2) x 2
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Definitions
• Identity Property – The product of any factor and 1 equals the factor.
• 56 x 1 = 56• 38 x 1 = 38
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Identity Property
• 5 x 1 = 5 4 x 1 = 4
• a x 1 = a b x 1 = b
• 6 x 1 = 6 3 x 1 = 3
• y x 1 = y z x 1 = z
• 18 x 1 = 18 19 x 1 = 19
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Solve these equations using the identity property
• n x 1 = 8• b x 1 = 7• 3 x 1 = m• v x 1 = 5• 4 x 1 = w• r x 1 = 2
m = 3
b = 7
n = 8
v = 5
r = 2
w = 4
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Definitions
• Distributive Property of Multiplication over Addition – Multiplying a sum by a number is the same as multiplying each addend by the number and then adding the products.
• 6 x (12 + 9) = (6 x 12) + (6 x 9)• 4 x (15 + 6) = (4 x 15) + (4 x 6)
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Distributive Property of Multiplication over Addition
• 5 x (7 + 4) = (5 x 7) + (5 x 4)
• a x (b + c) = (a x b) + (a x c)
• 6 x (3 + 2) = (6 x 3) + (6 x 2)
• 12 x (8 + 1) = (12 x 8) + (12 x 1)
• 9 x (10 + 2) = (9 x 10) + (9 x 2)
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Solve these equations using the distributive property of multiplication
over addition
• 10 x (5 + 2) =
• 3 x (3 + 4) =
• 8 x (9 + 2) =
• 12 x (4 + 8) =
• 15 x (10 + 11) =
• 13 x (6 + 3) =
(10 x 5) + (10 x 2) = 70
(3 x 3) + (3 x 4) = 21(8 x 9) + (8 x 2) = 88
(12 x 4) + (12 x 8) = 144
(15 x 10) + (15 x 11) = 315
(13 x 6) + (13 x 3) = 117
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Definitions
• Distributive Property of Multiplication over Subtraction – To multiply a difference of two numbers by a third number, you can multiply the first two numbers by the third, and then find the difference of the products.
• 7 x (23 – 9) = (7 x 23) – (7 x 9)• 5 x (9 – 3) = (5 x 9) – (5 x 3)
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Distributive Property of Multiplication over Subtraction
• 5 x (7 - 4) = (5 x 7) - (5 x 4)
• a x (b - c) = (a x b) - (a x c)
• 6 x (3 - 2) = (6 x 3) - (6 x 2)
• 12 x (8 - 1) = (12 x 8) - (12 x 1)
• 9 x (10 - 2) = (9 x 10) - (9 x 2)
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Solve these equations using the distributive property of multiplication
over subtraction
• 10 x (5 - 2) =
• 3 x (4 - 3) =
• 8 x (9 - 2) =
• 12 x (8 - 4) =
• 15 x (11 - 10) =
• 13 x (6 - 3) =
(10 x 5) - (10 x 2) = 30
(3 x 4) - (3 x 3) = 3(8 x 9) - (8 x 2) = 56
(12 x 8) - (12 x 4) = 48
(15 x 11) - (15 x 10) = 15
(13 x 6) - (13 x 3) = 39
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Properties with Beans
• Now that you have learned about the different properties we are going to do a hands-on activity.
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Name the property…3 X 11 = 11 X 3
a. Identity
b. Commutative
c. Zero
d. associative
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
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Name the property…13 X 1 = 13
a. Identity
b. Commutative
c. Zero
d. associative
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
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Name the property…20 X 0
a. Identity
b. Commutative
c. Zero
d. associative
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
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Name the property…(12 X 4) X 3 = 12 X (4 X 3)
a. Identity
b. Commutative
c. Zero
d. associative
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
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Name the property…3 X (9 – 1) = (3 X 9) – (3 X 1)
a. Identity
b. Commutativec. Distributive of
multiplication over subtraction
d. Distributive of multiplication over addition
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
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Name the property…5 X (6 + 2) = (5 X 6) + (5 X 2)
a. Identity
b. Commutativec. Distributive of
multiplication over subtraction
d. Distributive of multiplication over addition
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
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Now that you can identify the properties…
Let’s use those properties to solve some problems.
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8 x 56
400
448
500
456
25% 25%25%25%10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
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1. 400
2. 448
3. 500
4. 456
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4 x (30 + 15)
120
140
160
180
25% 25%25%25%10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
1. 120
2. 140
3. 160
4. 180
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(2000 x 0) x 16
32000
320000 0 16
25% 25%25%25%10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
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1. 32000
2. 320000
3. 0
4. 16
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(210 x 1) x 1
212
210
211
220
25% 25%25%25%10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
1. 212
2. 210
3. 211
4. 220
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8 x (60 – 4)
416
420
406
448
25% 25%25%25%10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
1. 416
2. 420
3. 406
4. 448
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4 x (80 – 5)
300
285
320
220
25% 25%25%25%10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
1. 300
2. 285
3. 320
4. 220