Physical Properties of Matter

Properties of matter are categorized as either: Qualitative or Quantitative

Qualitative - Properties that are not measured or have a numerical value. Example: Colour, odour, texture

Quantitative – Properties that are measured and have a numerical value associated with them. Example: Mass, boiling point, height

Physical properties are descriptions of a substance that can be used to identify it. Most physical properties are observed using one of your five senses:

Feel - mass, volume, texture Sight - colour Hear Smell Taste

Luster - How shiny a substance is.

Ductility - The ability of a substance to be drawn into thin wires.(ductile or not ductile)

Optical Clarity – The ability to allow light through an object.

Viscosity – the ability of a substance to flow or pour easily.

Crystal form- The way the bulk forms of the substance appears on close examination

ShinyDull

Brittleness/Malleability – the break-ability or flexibility of a substance.

Conductivity- the ability of a substance to allow the flow of energy or electricity.

Hardness - how easily a substance can be scratched.

Melting point/Boiling point – temperature at which there is a change of state

Texture - how the substance feels/looks on its surface. eg smooth, coarse, rough

Solubility - does it dissolve in water?

State - is it a solid, liquid, or gas?

Density – A measure of how much mass is contained in a given unit volume of a substance.

Chemical Properties and Chemical Change

Day 2

Physical vs. Chemical Physical properties: observe without changing the identity of the substance

Chemical properties: observed only when the substance interacts with another substance. (changes its identity). How do you know if it is chemical or physical?

If it CHanges , it’s CHemical

Chemical properties are behaviours that occur when one substance interacts with another to become a new substance.

Chemical Properties:Chemical Properties:

Combustibility: Catch fire and burn in air. Terms combustible, incombustible

Reactivity with Oxygen: Change that occurs when exposed to oxygen

Reactivity with acids: Change that occurs when exposed to acids

Decomposition: Occurs when a substance is broken down into the parts

What is a Chemical Change?

A change in a substance or substances, that produces one or more new substances.

5 ways to tell a chemical change has taken place:

• Colour change

• Gas formed (sometimes as an odour)

• Burning (heat or light)

• Precipitate formed (a solid appears in a liquid)

• Change in Temperature (heat or cold)