PROPERTIES OF MATTER: PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL

PROPERTY – ABILITY TO DO SOMETHING

TYPES OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES –

* INTENSIVE – DO NOT DEPEND ON AMOUNT OF MATTER

* EXTENSIVE – DEPEND ON AMOUNT OF MATTER

INTENSIVE -

TEXTURE, COLOR, ODOR, LUSTER (SHINY), MALLEABILITY (BEATEN INTO SHEETS), DUCTILITY (DRAWN INTO WIRES), CONDUCTIVITY (ALLOW ENERGY TO ELECTRICITY TO FLOW), HARDNESS (SCRATCHING), SOLUBILITY (DISSOLVE), MELTING/FREEZING/BOILING POINT, & DENSITY

COPPER ORE – COPPER – COPPER WIRE

SHEEP WOOL – REMOVED WOOL – DYED WOOL

EXTENSIVE -

MASS, WEIGHT, VOLUME, & LENGTH

DENSITY – AMOUNT OF MATTER IN A GIVEN SPACE

TOOLS – TRIPLE BEAM BALANCE, RULER OR GRADUATED CYLINDERUNITS – GRAMS PER CUBIC CENTIMETER (g/cm3)FORMULA – DENSITY = MASS/VOLUME

D = M/V

HOW TO FIND DENSITY – 1. MASS OUT OBJECT2. FIND VOLUME OF OBJECT (l x w x h, displacement, or liquid in graduated cylinder)3. CALCULATE – MASS DIVIDED BY VOLUME

PRACTICEhttp://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspView&ResourceID=362

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES*Reactivity with other chemicals*Toxicity (Damage to Organism)*Flammability *Combustion*Oxidation states (rust/tarnish)*Chemical stability*Types of chemical bonds that will form

•Changing from one state to another is a Physical Change.

•If a new substance is formed it is a Chemical Change.

Images are from http://www.chem4kids.com

SIGNS OF PHYSICAL CHANGE

•CHANGED IS BASED ONLY ON PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

•YOU CAN GET THE ORIGINAL SUBSTANCE BACK

•STATE OF MATTER CHANGES

SIGNS OF CHEMICAL CHANGE

•ODOR PRODUCED

•CHANGE IN TEMPERATURE

•COLOR CHANGE

•BUBBLES FORMED

•SOLID FORMED

•SUBSTANCE DISAPPEARS

Chemical Reactions

D. Sublimation - solid gains energy to form a gas (skips liquid stage)

i. particles break away immediately to from gas

Example - dry ice used for cooling things with a gas

E. Condensation - gas loses energy to form a liquid

i. particles get close enough to form liquid

Example - gas around a cool glass of water loses energy/cools to form liquid on the glass