Properties of Matter Notes

Matter

• Matter - anything that has volume & mass.

• Properties – characteristics of matter, help us to

classify and understand matter better

• There are two types of properties:

– Physical

– Chemical

Physical Properties

• Physical Properties : properties that can be

observed or measured without changing the

identity of the matter

• Physical properties can be observed using

your senses

• Numbers are often associated with physical

properties

Examples of physical properties

Mass Amount of matter in an object

Volume; Size Amount of space

an object takes up

Examples of physical properties

Density

mass ÷ volume

Shape

STATES OF MATTER

Examples of physical properties

Color Odor

Examples of physical properties

Texture

Examples of physical properties

Hardness Measure of an object’s

resistance to scratching

Malleability Ability of a metal to be

hammered into thin sheets

Examples of physical properties

Brittle Measure of a materials

tendency to shatter

upon impact

Elasticity Measure of a solid’s ability to

be stretched and then return

back to normal size

Examples of physical properties

Soluability Ability of a solute to

dissolve in a liquid

Tensile Strength Measure of how much pulling

or tension a material can

withstand before breaking

Chemical Properties

Chemical Properties: describes matter based on its ability to react with other

substances and change into a new substance.

Examples of Chemical Properties

• Wood can be burned to

create ash and smoke.

Wood has the chemical

property flammability.

• Rust on a car: A chemical

property of paint is that it does

not react with oxygen, however

the iron underneath the paint

does. If the paint on a car is

chipped, the iron will react with

oxygen and form rust.

Chemical Properties

• Chemical properties are not as easy to observe as

physical properties.

• Chemical properties cannot be observed without

changing the substance.

Examples of Chemical Properties

Ability to REACT!

Reacts with Oxygen Does NOT react with Oxygen

Examples of Chemical Properties

Ability to REACT!

Reacts with Acid Does NOT react with Acid

Examples of Chemical Properties

Ability to REACT!

Reacts with Water Does NOT react with Water

• Bubbles

• Flames:

Sodium (Na)

& water

Examples of Chemical Properties

Flammable Nonflammable Asbestos

Examples of Chemical Properties

Toxic Non-toxic

Words to Know

• Add the following Words to Know to your Science Journal

vocabulary:

– Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space!

– Mass: A measure of how much matter is in an object.

– Volume: The amount of space that matter occupies

– Density: The measurement of how much mass of a

substance is contained in a given volume; Density =

Mass/Volume

– Properties

– Physical properties

– Chemical properties