Properties of Communities & Succession. Communities & Species Diversity Remember… a community is a...
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Transcript of Properties of Communities & Succession. Communities & Species Diversity Remember… a community is a...
Properties of Communities & Succession
Communities & Species Diversity• Remember… a community is a group of
populations living together is a defined area.• Species Diversity is the number species living in a
community (The more species living in an area, the higher species diversity it will have)
Community Stability• Ecosystems & Communities are constantly changing
in response to natural and human disturbances
• As ecosystems change, older inhabitants gradually die out, while new organisms move in, causing additional changes to the community.
• Succession is a series of the gradual, sequential re-growth of a community over time
• There are 2 types of succession1. Primary succession2. Secondary succession
Primary Succession Primary Succession - the development of a community in an area where NO life has previously lived and no soil is
presentEx: The surfaces of land covered by lava or volcanic ash after a volcano eruptsEx. The bare rock exposed when glaciers melt.Ex. An abandoned parking lotEx. Sand dune
This process proceeds very slowly Minerals necessary for plant growth are unavailable
Pioneer Species- the first species to populate the area such as lichen (small, fast growing/reproducing)•Lichen is made up of a fungus and an alga and can grow on bare rock. When lichen die, they add organic materials to help form soil allowing plants to grow
Primary Succession
Secondary SuccessionSecondary succession takes place when some
disturbance changes an existing community, WITHOUT removing the soil.
Ex: Land that has been cleared and plowed for farming and then is abandoned
Ex. Wildfires • Through the process of succession, after
hundreds of years a more stable community may result. This community is referred to as the climax community.– This community remains constant for along period
of time but can still undergo change