Matter Properties and Changes

Physical PropertiesCan be observed or measured.DensityColorOdorTasteHardnessMelting pointBoiling pointExtensive or Intensive?

Chemical PropertiesThe ability to combine with or change into

one or more other substances.Reacts withRustsSpoilsChanges intoForms

States of MatterSolid – definite shape and volumeLiquid – definite volume, flows, takes shape

of containerGas (Vapor) – flows, fills volume of containerPlasma – in stars, the Sun, lightning

Physical ChemicalChanges Changes

Signs of a Chemical Change/ReactionColor changeOdorBubbles / production of a new gasPrecipitate / formation of a new solid from

combining two solutionsHeat (energy) being absorbed or given off /

becoming cold or hotIrreversible / reactants -> products

Matter: Mixture or Substance?Mixture: Homogeneous or Heterogeneous?

Homogeneous = uniform composition (solutions, alloys)

Can be physically separated into multiple substances

Substance: Element or Compound?Substance = definite compositionElement = found on the Periodic TableCompound = can be chemically separated into

Elements

Law of Conservation of Mass (Energy)Mass (Energy) is neither created nor destroyed in

any physical change or chemical reaction; it is conserved.

Law of Definite ProportionsRegardless of amount, a specific compound is

always composed of the same elements in the same proportion by mass.

Law of Multiple ProportionsIn forming compounds, different masses of one

element combine with the same masses of another element in a ratio of small whole numbers.