Chapter 3: Matter--Properties and Changes 3 Matter—Properties and Changes 3. LAB
Properties and Changes in Matter. PROPERTIES OF MATTER.
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Transcript of Properties and Changes in Matter. PROPERTIES OF MATTER.
Properties and Changes in Matter
PROPERTIES OF MATTER
Physical Properties
• Can be observed or viewed without changing the sample’s composition– Example: density, color, odor, state of
matter, boiling point, melting point, shape
– Use your senses
Properties
Extensive• Properties that depend
on the amount of substance present
• Example: Volume, mass
Intensive• Properties that are
independent of the amount of substance present
• Can be used to identify a substance
• Example: density, boiling point, temperature
Chemical Properties
• How a substance interacts with another substance (ability or inability)
• Example: iron can react with oxygen, carbon dioxide is not flammable
CHANGES IN MATTER
Physical Changes
• Alter a substance without changing the composition
• Example: bend, grind, crumple, split, phase change
Chemical Changes
• Process in which a substance(s) is changed into one or more new substances
• Example: combust, ferment, burn, rot, tarnish
• Also known as a chemical reaction
Chemical Equation
• Use of symbols to represent a chemical reaction
• Example: CH4 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
Reactants• Starting substances• Found on the left hand
side of a chemical equation
Products• Substances formed• Found on the right
hand side of a chemical equation
Law of Conservation of Mass
• Mass is neither created or destroyed during a chemical reaction
• Mass of the reactants = mass of the products
Chemical Reaction Signs• Bubbling (gas production)• Color change• Precipitate forms (solid formation)• Energy change (temperature
change)• The only way to know for sure
is to check the composition before and after!!