ProntoGuardProntoGuard®®

UseUse withwith acupunctureacupuncture pointspoints

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Table of contentsIntroduction 3Use on active acupuncture points 4Cervical spine syndrome 5Headache in conjunction with cervical spine syndrome 5Shoulder-hand syndrome 6Lumbar spine syndrome 6Osteoarthritis of the knee 7Achillodynia 7Heel spur 8The principles of acupuncture (overview) 9What is acupuncture? 10Localizing the acupuncture points 10The cun 10Yin and yang 11Qi / energy, blood 11Cosmic pathogenic energies 11The 8 principles:Yin and Yang 12

internal and external 13cold and heat 13deficiency and excess 13

The meridian system 14Meridian interconnections 14The main meridians 15Governing vessel pathway 16Conception vessel pathway 16Tendomuscular meridians 16Special meridians 16Functional and clinical differentiation of acupuncture points 17Local and locoregional points 17Distal points 17Antique points 19Points 3E5 / 3E10 / 3E14 21Points 3E15 / 3E18 / B9 22Points B10 / B25 / B27 23Points B28 / B31 / B32 24Points B40 / B42 / B45 25Points B52 / B57 / B60 26Points B61 / B62 / Di4 27Points Di9 / Di10 / Di11 28

Di12 / Di14 / Di15 29Di16 / Dü3 / Dü9 30Dü13 / Ex32 / G12 31G19 / G20 / G21 32G30 / G31 / G34 33G40 / H3 / Le3 34Le4 / Le8 / LG3 35LG14 / Lu5 / M34 36M35 / M36 / M38 37MP9 / MP10 / N3 38N4 / N6 / N7 39Motor point shoulder (7/R) / elbow 15 / shoulder 17 40Cervical spine points 23-29 (C3/C4/C5/C7) 41Lumbar spine points 42-46 (L1-L5) 41Sacrum 47 / hip 49 / knee 50 42Calf 51/ ankle 52 / heel 52 43Stellate ganglion 72 / liver 80 / foot point knee 44YNSA – points A – F 45YNSA – knee points 46YNSA – lumbar spine points D1 – D5 46Practical example ear point 1st rib 47Practical example ear point occiput 48Practical example ear point 62R acc. to Elias 49Practical example ear point Shenmen 50Practical example foot point 8 51Practical example foot point 14 52Practical example foot point 21 53Practical example YNSA (D1) 54

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Introduction• This brochure is based on expertise acquired by acupuncture specialists

during development of the ProntoGuard® system.

• It emerged that the outstanding success of ProntoGuard® could be improved upon even further by treating recognized acupuncture points.

• The following pages are not a substitute for a training course in acupuncture. All explanations of acupuncture points and basic acupuncture principles are merely intended as a guide.

• Stimulation can also take place in conjunction with needle acupuncture. In this case the simulation probe touches the acupuncture needles. Contact to the patient's skin and to the contact plate of the device are still required for the current to flow.

• ProntoGuard® is also well suited to improving acupressure treatment, combining mechanical acupressure with a therapeutically effective frequency.

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Using the ProntoGuard® system in conjunction with the direct location and treatment of

active acupuncture points

active local and distal points (body acupuncture)active ear points (auricular acupuncture)active foot points (foot acupuncture)active YNSA points (Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture)

• These points should only be stimulated with the ProntoGuard® device when they are active.

• An active point is a point which is pressure-sensitive or pressure- painful.

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Cervical spine syndrome• Body: local points: B10, G20, G12, 3E15, Dü13, 3E14,

other AhShi points

• Ear: C7/C5/C4/C3, shoulder (17), 1st rib (18), occiput (62), Shenmen (54)

• Foot: point 8, 14, 21 (adjuvant)

• YNSA: C, B

Occipital headache with cervical spine syndrome• Body: local points: G20, G19, B10, B9

distal points: Dü3, B60

• Ear: occiput (62), stellate ganglion (72), Shenmen (54)

• Foot : point 8, 14, 21 (adjuvant)

• YNSA: B, C

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Shoulder-hand syndrome• Body: local points: 3E15, Di16, Di15, 3E14, Dü9,

other AhShi points distal points: Di4, M38

• Ear: shoulder (17), 1st rib (18), C7 (29), motoric shoulder point (7/R), Shenmen (54)

• YNSA: C, BLumbar spine syndrome

• Body: local points: B31, B32, B28, B25, (B10, G20, G12), other AhShi points

• Ear: hip (49), L 4/5, sacrum (47), Shenmen (54), occiput (62)

• Foot: point 8, 14, 21 (adjuvant)

• YNSA: D, D4/D5 , F-Punkt (sciatic point)

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Osteoarthritis of the knee

• Body: local points: M35, Ex32, MP9, MP10, Le8, G30, G31, G34, M34, M36, B40

• Ear: knee (50/2 points), hip (49), Shenmen (54)

• Foot: knee point (adjuvant)

• YNSA: G1, G2, G3, D

Achillodynia

• Body: local points: B60, N3, N7, B61, N4, B57, B40, Le3, other AhShi points

• Ear: calf (51), knee (50/2 points), ankle (52/2 P.), Shenmen (54), occiput (62)

• YNSA: D

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Heel spur syndrome

• Body: local points: AhShi points at the insertion of the Achilles tendon or on the dorsal calcaneum, B61, N4, N6, B62, B60, N3, Le3, other AhShi points

• Ear: heel (53), calf (51), ankle (52/2 P.), Shenmen(54), occiput (62)

• YNSA: D

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The principles of acupuncture• What is acupuncture?• Locating acupuncture points

– Cun• Yin and yang• Qi/energy, blood• Cosmic pathogenic energies• The 8 principles: Yin-yang, internal-external, cold-heat, deficiency-excess• The meridian – an energetic channel of communication

– Functional cycle, Zang-Fu organs– The meridian axis– Main meridians; pathways of the main meridians: lung, large intestine, stomach, spleen, heart, small

intestine, bladder, kidney, pericardium, triple burner– Pathways of the governing vessel meridian and the conception vessel meridian– Tendinomuscular meridians– Special meridians

• Functional and clinical differentiation of acupuncture points (body acupuncture)– Local and locoregional points: AhShi point, Mu point, Shu point– Distal points: tonification point, sedation point, Lo point, source point, Xi point, 4 group Lo points, key point,

master points, antique points (Ting point, Yong point, Yu point, Yunn point, King point, Ho point)

- Auricular acupuncture

- Foot acupuncture

- Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture (YNSA)

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What is acupuncture/acupressure?• Acupuncture is a treatment method aimed at influencing the body and

its organs by needling (stimulating) particular points underneath the surface of the skin. The needle used to stimulate these points does not have a cannula because no drugs are being introduced to the body. The therapeutic stimulus given by the needle is received by the appropriate nerve and conducted via increasingly complex nervous networks to the spinal cord, diencephalon and cerebrum.

• During acupressure, points are stimulated not by needling, but by applying pressure.

Locating acupuncture points• The location of an acupuncture point is defined by referring to a region

of the body and by using a proportional measurement – cun. The point Kidney 3 (N 3), for example, is located in the region of the inner ankle, halfway between the tip of the inner ankle bone and the Achilles tendon. Point N 7 is located 2 cun above N 3.

• Each point has a number along its corresponding meridian and a name – usually a Chinese one. The numbering of meridian points takes into account the pathway of the meridian. This means that the first point on a meridian has the lowest number and the last point the highest number.

Cun• Cun is a unit of proportional measurement. It is thus a measurement

relative to the patient. • The patient forms a circle by touching the tip of his middle finger to the

tip of his thumb. Two folds forming the proximal and distal limitations of the middle segment of the middle finger are now clearly visible. The distance between the superior (dorsal) ends of these folds is cun.

• One cun is also the same as the width of the patient's thumb.• 1.5 cun are the same as the width of the index and middle fingers

together; 2 cun are the width from the index finger to the middle of the ring finger; 3 cun are the width of four fingers (index to little finger).

• A so-called cunmeter can be used to make cun measurements. It can be adjusted to the individual size of the patient, thus enabling points to be located directly.

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Yin and Yang• This is a dual system with many "faces". The system knows no absolutes, only relativity, relatedness and ambiguity. For example, not

everything which is "internal" belongs to Yin since the hollow organs (stomach, intestine, bladder) assigned to Yang are also "internal" organs. Every organ has a Yin and a Yang component, and both parts of this dual system are represented right down to the smallest cell.

• Depending on how things stand, Yin and Yang can work against each other or for each other. However, in this dual system inhibitory action is usually the rule – in order to facilitate regulation at all.

• The monad symbolizes the balance between Yin and Yang. This is a dynamic concept, in which any decrease in Yang (the light semicircle) results in a corresponding increase in Yin (the dark semicircle) and vice versa. The monad expresses the "relative" aspect and the self- regulating mutual principle by which Yin and Yang inhibit and promote each other. The monad shows that Yin is also located within Yang (the dark point within the light semicircle) and vice versa.

•• Definitions and descriptions of Yin and Yang• Yin produces Yang; Yang supports Yin. Yin is body, substance, mass; Yang is functon, Qi, soul.• Yin and Yang is a fundamental categorization of the material, the non-material – everything perceptible.• Yin cools and dampens the body, produces blood, Qi and bodily fluids.• Yang warms, contains the Qi, consumes fluids and causes thirst. Compared to Yin, Yang is external, is responsible for the movement and

protection of the body.

• While Yin forms the material basis of Yang, Yang – like the corresponding Qi – is the manifestation of the Yin function.• According to the Qi-Gong doctrine, the source of TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) and TCA (traditional Chinese acupuncture), the Earth

belongs to Yin, the sky to Yang.

• With regard to the body, Yin is ventral and inferior, on the inner sides of the extremities, as well as the palms of the hands and the soles of the feeet. Yang, on the other hand, is dorsal and superior, on the outer sides of the extremities, as well as on the backs of the hands and the tops of the feet.

Qi / energy, blood• If energy is mentioned without any reference to TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) or acupuncture, only the Western interpretation is meant –

e.g. referring to electricity, potential energy, steam, etc. • In acupuncture, however, "energy" means the same as Qi – according to TCM.• According to the TCM concept, Qi is a moving agent in physiological processes and plays an important role in the fight against pathogenic

processes within the organism. Qi moves the blood and is responsible for well-being, a good immune system and sufficient mobility and strength.

• Qi and blood have linked functions, both being responsible for life itself. Whereas Western medicine teaches that blood is moved by the pumping function of the heart and the contraction of the arteries, according to TCM it is moved by Qi.

Cosmic pathogenic energiesThey are wind, heat, damp, dryness and cold. These unhealthy "external energies" can penetrate the body and – depending on the state of Qi, the duration of exposure or the strength of the exogenic influence – have a pathogenic effect. Diseases caused by pathogenic energies aretraditionally (TCM) referred to as disharmonies. In healthy human beings these disharmonies generate an excess reaction. Excess is thusexpression of a battle between the immune-system Qi and the pathogenic energy.

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The 8 rules/ the 8 principles/ the 4 pairs: Yin-Yang/ internal-external/ cold-heat/ deficiency-excess• This is a system of orientation for diagnosis and treatment according to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

1. Yin-Yang• This is a principle of dual assignation, a model which has proved itself in practice. Traditionally, all phenomena - without

exception - can be assigned to either Yin or Yang. Yin and Yang also represent their own syndromes with general symptoms – such as feeling hot or cold, fever, high temperature, skin coloration (pale or flushed), facial expression, thirst, blood pressure, discharges, etc. General symptoms also include tongue and pulse, both of which can – according to TCM – be crucial to diagnosis.

• Internal, cold, deficiency: all belong to Yin.• External, heat, excess: all belong to Yang.• Yang-excess syndrome (excess-heat syndrome)• Brief anamnesis. Exogenic influence of heat in healthy humans. Yin is normal. Heat symptoms dominate: • Fever, feeling hot, thirst, face and eyes red, constipation, urine sparse and concentrated.• Tongue red, dry, coated (yellow). Pulse rapid, superficial, tense.• Yin-excess syndrome (excess-cold syndrome)• Brief anamnesis. Exogenic influence of cold in healthy humans. Yang is normal. Cold symptoms dominate: feeling cold or

frozen, shivering, tickly throat, lack of thirst, pale face, cold extremities. Need for hot drinks. Possibly hypersalivation, soft stool, urine clear and copious.

• Tongue – sometimes – pale and coated (white). Pulse full, relaxed, deep, slow.• Yin-deficiency syndrome (deficiency-heat syndrome)• Lengthy anamnesis, chronic state, relative Yang-excess with Yin-deficiency. Moderate heat symptoms – no long-term

temperature. Little thirst, drinking in sips. Raised temperature in the afternoons. Sleep disturbed (no nightmares), flushed cheeks, eyes slightly red, stool dry, no abdominal pain, menstrual flow sparse. Tongue pink, not coated. Pulse superficial, filamentous, rapid.

• Yang-deficiency syndrome (deficiency-cold syndrome)• Lengthy anamnesis, Qi deficiency, cold symptoms through predominance of Yin. No thirst, shivering, cold extremities,

pale face, tiredness, apathy, cold spontaneous perspiration, loose stool, urine pale and copious. Tongue pale and coated (white). Pulse deep, slow, empty.

• Combined Yin-deficiency syndrome (combined deficiency-heat syndrome)• Yin and Yang deficiency with a relative Yin deficiency leads to combined deficiency-heat syndrome. Predominantly

internal heat, frequently raised temperature – e.g. in the afternoons – alternately feeling hot and cold – like combined deficiency-cold syndrome. The tongue and pulse depend on the relative predominance of Yin or Yang within the combined syndrome.

• Combined Yang-deficiency syndrome (combined deficiency-cold syndrome)• Yin and Yang deficiency with a relative Yang deficiency leads to combined deficiency-cold syndrome. Predominantly

internal cold, alternately feeling hot and cold and changeable body temperature. The tongue and pulse depend on the relative predominance of Yin or Yang within the combined syndrome.

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2. Internal-external• Internal and external (Li and Biao) are important concepts in TCM for locating diseases, complaints and syndromes.• External diseases

concern the superficial tissue layers of the body, e.g. the skin, muscles, tendons, bones, etc. The external generally belongs to Yang.• Causes of external diseases are cosmic energies or harmful environmental factors – namely wind, heat, damp, dryness and cold. A

prerequisite for the pathogeneity of these environmental factors is a weakness of the body, often a Yang deficiency with weakened immune-system Qi.

• According to TCM there are close and flowing mutual relationships between the internal and the external. For example, environmental factors can penetrate the body via the wind – as a vehicle – and lead to internal disorders. The result can be wind-heat, wind-cold, damp- cold syndromes, for example.

• Internal diseasescan develop without external influences, e.g. through a primary weakness of the organs or a Yin Qi deficiency.

• Even though cold or heat syndromes are also referred to in such cases, the Chinese terminology does not means external heat or cold, but internal heat – e.g. fever or inflammation – or internal cold – e.g. when weak and shivering with hypotension.

3. Cold-heat• Cold and heat are 2 of the 5 harmful environmental factors, yet in TCM they mean more than this. They play a major role in the

interpretation of clinical syndromes which in many respects can be useful to Western medicine, too. • Cold symptoms have a Yin character:• Shivering, intolerance of cold, lack of perspiration with fever, cold hands and feet, pale complexion, lack of thirst, tongue coated white and

possibly pale, urine pale, non-smelling and relatively copious, pain – when existent – is dull and deep, with a constant location and improving on pressure. Stool consistency thin. Pulse weak with a small amplitude and slow.

• Heat symptoms have a Yang character:• Feeling hot with signs of inflammation, intolerance of heat or warmth, thirst, hot-headedness, hands and feet may be cold due to

centralization. Tongue is pink and can – depending on the disease, e.g. inflammations – be coated yellow. Urine is concentrated, yellow, sparse and with a penetrating smell. Tendency towards constipation. Pain frequent, superficial and worse on pressure. Disease course is acute, pulse full and rapid.

4. Deficiency-excess• Deficiency and excess refer to the predominant energy in conjunction with a disease or disharmony. Deficiency is hypofunction, excess is

hyperfunction.• General deficiency symptoms:• Tiredness, weakness, exhaustion, pale complexion, expressionless eyes, soft voice, anemia, hypotension, tendency towards dizziness,

sensitivity to cold. Breathing is weak or difficult and flat. Stool is pulpy, menstrual flow is pale and of extended duration. Psyche indicates a depressive mood. Tongue pale, damp and coated white. Pulse soft, filamentous, easily suppressed.

• General excess symptoms:• Liveliness, unrest, flushed face, expressive and lively eyes, hypertension, sensitivity to heat. Loud voice. Breathing is deep, stool hard,

constipation. Menstrual flow is lumpy, dark. Mentally the patient is in high spirits. Tongue pink, mobile and maybe coated yellow. Pulse is full and rapid.

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The meridian system• The meridian system comprises the conducting pathways (main meridians) of the organs, the extraordinary meridians, the special meridians and

the entire network of secondary (Lo) vessels.• The concept of the organs, their correlating meridians and secondary vessels is based on a model used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)

since Antiquity. According to TCM, Qi and blood flow through the meridian system.• A meridian is comparable to a channel or energetic line which interconnects acupuncture points. All the points located on the same line have a

similar indication. • To date meridians have yet to be scientifically validated. And yet acupuncture treatment fails if the meridians and their interconnections are not

taken into account. Meridians are part of a meridian system which represents a netowork of connections. The acupuncture points are interlinked by this meridian system.

Meridian interconnections – functional cycle – Zang-Fu organs• Each Yin meridian (heart, kidney, pericardium, liver, lung, spleen) is connected to a Yang meridian (small intestine, bladder, triple burner, gall

bladder, large intestine, stomach) via a secondary vessel, the Lo transversal: – heart - small intestine– bladder - kidney– pericardium – triple burner– gall bladder - liver– lung – large intestine– stomach - spleen

• Lo stands for a connecting vessel. The Lo transversal is a transverse connection between two meridians. This connection is known as an internal-external connection.

• Via these internal-external connections between the meridians (Yin-Yang connections) the corresponding Zang-Fu organs are also connected. • A Zan organ is a Yin or full or storage organ: heart, kidney, (pericardium), liver, lung, spleen. • A Fu organ is a Yang or hollow organ: small intestine, bladder, (triple burner), gall bladder, large intestine, stomach. • The Zang-Fu organs heart, small intestine, bladder, kidney, (pericardium – triple burner), gall bladder – liver, lung – large intestine, stomach –

spleen form the so-called functional cycles.

Meridian interconnections – the meridian axis• Each main meridian is also connected to another equally poled meridian, i.e.

- Yin - Yin- heart - kidney- pericardium - liver- lung - spleen

or

- Yang - Yang - small intestine - bladder- triple burner – gall bladder- large intestine – stomach.

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• This longitudinal connection is called the meridian axis. It is an end-beginning connection because here the end of a meridian is connected to the beginning of the partner axis. This end- beginning connection occurs via an intemediate vessel which is known as the small Lo.

• The figure from Van Nghi shows the arrangement of the meridan axes and functional cycles (Zang-Fu organs). The figure also shows the 3 closed energy circuits. This means that in each case 4 meridians form a closed energy circuit - in the figure they are labeled around the edge as 1, 2 and 3.

Main meridiansThere are 12 meridians – also known as main meridians. They are arranged within the body in pairs and thus really total 24. A distinction is

made between 6 Yin meridians and 6 Yang meridians. The 6 Yin meridians are in turn divided into 3 hand-Yin meridians (heart, pericardium, lung) and 3 foot-Yin meridians (kidney, liver, spleen). The 6 Yin meridians connect the thorax to the extremities.

The 6 Yang meridians are also divided into 3 hand-Yang meridians (small intestine, triple burner, large intestine) and 3 foot-Yang meridians(bladder, gall bladder, stomach). The 6 Yang meridians connect the head to the extremities.

All the main meridians have symmetrical pathways. This means that each meridian is to be found on both sides of the body, left and right.Only the main meridians, as well as 8 of the extraordinary meridians have their own acupuncture points.The main meridians are also interconnected by the extraordinary meridians, the tendinomuscular meridians and the special meridians.

Lung meridian Large intestine meridian Stomach meridian Spleen meridian Heart meridian Gall bladder meridian

Small intestine meridian Bladder meridian Kidney meridian Pericardium meridian Triple burner meridian Liver meridian

Pathway of the governing vessel Pathway of the conception vessel Tendinomuscular meridiansThere are 12 tendinomuscular meridians. They are arranged within the body in pairs and are divided up and named in line with the 12 main meridians. They do not have any points of their own. They are connected to the meridian via the first antique point, the Ting point. They run through the tendons and muscles, i.e. the superficial layers of the body. The tendinomuscular meridians carry the immune-system energy, in Chinese known as Oe or immune Qi or Wei Qi. Via the Ting point the Oe reaches the meridian and there is driven upwards by the antique points – from one antique point to the next.

Special meridiansThere are 12 special meridians. Like the extraordinary meridians, the special meridians interconnect the two halves of the body. Like the tendinomuscular meridians and 6 of the 8 extraordinary meridians, they do not have any points of their own. The special meridians connect the meridians on one side of the body with those of the same name on the other side. The special meridians also connect the Yin meridians with the head since the Yin meridians cannot reach the head, or at least not completely, with their internal branches.

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Functional and clinical differentiation of acupuncture points - general• The meridian point is located anatomically. It is in a small area which can be 1 to 3 cm in diameter, depending on the exact location of the

point. A distinction is made between points with a local or locoregional effect and those with a distal effect. In addition, points are differentiated according to their specific effect or specific indication.

Local or locoregional points• Local points are points in the problematic area itself. They are also known as proximal points. Locoregional points are slightly further away

from the problematic area. The effect of the local and locoregional points is partly due to the small Lo vessels.• Local and locoregional points can also have a general effect beyond their local effect. For example, the point G 20 (gall bladder 20) has a

(local) impact on headache, but also has a (general) calming effect.

1. The AhShi point• This point represents the locus dolendi point in Western medicine. The AhShi point is not actually an acupuncture point, but indicates a

pressure-sensitive or pressure-painful point on the body which usually needs to be treated.

2. The Mu point or alarm point• The Mu point is also for organ treatment and is also proximate to the organ in question. The alarm points are either on the extraordinary

meridian Jenn Mo or conception vessel, or on the corresponding meridian or on other meridians. For example, the point KG 3 (conception vessel 3) is the alarm point for the bladder. Le14 (liver 14) is the alarm point for the liver. G 25 (gall bladder 25) is the alarm point for the kidney. The Mu point/ alarm point can also, like the Shu point/ consensus point be pressure-sensitive.

3. The Shu point or consensus point• The Shu point is a point intended for the treatment of organs. It is located locoregionally to the organ in question.

The Shu points are located dorsally on the 1st branch of the bladder meridian. They are arranged segmentally, in each case lateral to and on both sides of the spine. The effect of the Shu point is based on the viscerogenic reflex. The Shu point is indicated for both chronic and acute complaints. It can be pressure-sensitive.

Shu-Mu methodThe Shu points and the Mu points can be needled separately to treat organs. In the so-called Shu-Mu method both points are incorporated in the treatment.

The distal points• The distal points are on the arms between the elbow and finger tips, and on the legs between the knee and the tips of the toes.

The distal points comprise:

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1. The tonification point• The tonification point is an "energy reinforcer". It is used when the body has an energy deficiency. Energy reinforcement means a mobilization of

energy within the relevant meridian.• A tonification point is also an antique point. Every meridian has got a tonificaton point – or two, seen symmetrically.

2. The sedation pointThe sedation point is a calmer and dampener of energy in the meridian. An excess of energy can lead to the "energy plus" bceoming stuck in themeridian or causing an energy obstruction. Such an obstruction usually causes pain. The sedation point is capable of slowing down the flow of energy so that energy can flow through the meridian properly. The energy is thus channeled within the meridian. A sedation point is also an antique point. Every meridian has got a sedation point – or two, seen symmetrically.

3. The Lo pointThe Lo point directs the energy to the relevant organ and the meridian coupled to it.

• When an organ is diseased, the Lo point of the organ in question is needled (without the source point of the coupled meridian). Thus it is possible to treat an organ using the Lo point.

4. The source point• The source point (Q) attracts the energy from the coupled meridian.• Energy always flows through the Lo transversal from the Lo point (L) of a meridian to the source point of the coupled meridian (internal-external

connection). Needling the source point is always indicated in conjunction with weakness (deficiency symptoms).• The source point is also in a position to promote the flow of energy in the corresponding meridian. It thus also has a tonification effect and can be

combined for treatment purposes with the tonification point, provided that the source and tonification points are not unified in one point, as is the case with the point Lu 9 (lung 9).

• A source point is also an antique point. Every meridian has got a source point – or two, seen symmetrically.

5. The Xi point alias Xi-cleft point• Most Xi points are located in muscular fissures or clefts. If the energy in the meridian is disturbed, Xi points become pressure-sensitive or pressure-

painful. In these cases they are usually treated. Treatment of the Xi point is thus indicated in cases of pain and energy disorders in the meridian and its corresponding organ.

• A Xi point is not an antique point. Every meridian has got a Xi point – or two, seen symmetrically.• The four Group-Lo points

6. Group-Lo points• The Group-Lo points are points which can influence a particular meridian group. • They are:

– for the hand-Yin meridians (lung, pericardium, heart): KS6 (pericardium 6), – for the hand-Yang meridians (large intestine, triple burner, small intestine): 3E8 (3 burner 8), – for the foot-Yin meridians (kidney, liver, spleen): MP6 (spleen 6) – for the foot-Yang meridians (bladder, gall bladder, stomach): G39 (gall bladder 39).

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7. Key point or cardinal point• A key point is capable of incorporating the extraordinary meridian which it controls within the treatment. Each key point is connected to its

corresponding extraordinary meridian by an internal branch.• For a key point to function as a key point, it traditionally has to be needled as the first or last point within a combination of points. The key points

are located along the main meridians.

8. Master points or influential points• These points are regarded as "influential" because they have a specific influence on a certain organ, group of organs or certain tissue, e.g. on solid

and hollow organs, on muscles and tendons, on vessels, etc. e.g.: Lu 9 (Lung 9) is the master point for the vessels. B 11 (bladder 11) is the master point for the bones.

The antique (transporting) points• The antique points belong to the category of distal points. They are located between the elbow and the tips of the fingers, as well as between the

knee and the tips of the toes. The needling of antique points is based on rules from Antiquity or traditional Chinese acupuncture. They have proved successful during treatment with regard to correlations. They are also used along the meridians. The correlations in question are to the seasons and their cosmic energies which can have a damaging effect on the body. They are the wind (Spring), the heat (Summer), the damp (late Summer), the dryness (Fall) and the cold (Winter). Accordingly, an antique point can function as a wind point, a heat point, a damp point, a dryness point and a cold point. Cold and wind, heat and wind, as well as cold, damp and wind can often be involved in the pathogenesis of a health disorder. According to traditional Chinese medicine, cold, damp and wind are involved in the development of rheumatic diseases, for example. In traditional terms this is a so-called bi-syndrome. Wind often triggers headaches. Cold and damp can be responsible for inflammations in the urogenital region.The correlations and thus also the indications differ for each antique point – dpending on whether the antique point belongs to a Yin or a Yang meridian.

• Example: The Ting point on a Yin meridian is a wind point (Spring) and can be indicated in the case of headache. The Ting point on a Yang meridian, on the other hand, is a dryness point (Fall) and can be indicated in the case of a dry cough.Along the meridians the antique points influence the flow of energy by driving it upwards from one antique point to the next – according to traditional Chinese acupuncture (TCA). The meridian pathways should therefore be taken into account during treatment. For example, in the Shao- Yang axis (triple burner/ gall bladder) the energy flows from the hand to the head (temple) in the triple burner meridian, and from the head to the foot in the gall bladder meridian. For headache in the temples the Yong point of the triple burner (3 E 2) can therefore be combined with the Ting point of the gall bladder meridian.

1. The Ting point or Jing Well (source)• The Ting point is the first antique point. It is a wind point on the Yin meridian and a dryness point on the Yang meridian.• The Ting points are located next to the corners of the nails on the feet and hands. Depending on the path the meridian takes, the Ting

point is either the first or last point on a meridian.• The Ting point is directly connected to the tendinomuscular meridian (TMM). According to TCM, immune-system energy flows along the

TMM. It enters the meridian at the Ting point and is then driven upwards through the meridian. • The flow of energy is different in the meridian axis. Here the Yong point drives the flow of energy upwards, whereas the Ting point pulls

the energy downwards. This contradiction is obvious because, according to the TCM model, the antique points always drive energy along the meridian from the bottom to the top. Since for treatment purposes it has proven worthwhile to take account of the meridian pathways in the axis, this contradiction should not be of any concern.

• 2. The Yong point or Yin (stream)• This is the 2nd antique point. In the Yin meridian it is a heat or warmth point, in the Yang meridian it is a cold point. According to TCM the

Yong point is compared to flowing water in a stream. In the "stream" the water is channeled – it flows in an orderly fashion – and thus TCM regards the Yong points as strong energetic points which also drive the energy upwards. In the median axis the Yong point of a meridian is sensibly combined with the Ting point on the partner meridian.

3. The Yu point (transport vehicle)• The Yu point is the 3rd antique point in the Yang meridian – a wind point. The Yin meridian does not have a Yu point. According to TCM

the Yuan or Yu-Yunn point fulfills both functions for the Yin meridian, namely that of the Yu point and that of the Yunn point. The Yu point "transports" the energy further upwards and at the same time prevents pathogenic energy (PE) from entering the meridian. According to TCM, the unhealthy energy enters the meridian at the Yu point. The Yu point can therefore traditionally be used as a point of immunity to pathogenic environmental factors.

4. The Yunn point, Yuan point or Yu-Yunn point (source, origin)• It is identical to the source point, is the 4th antique point on the Yang meridian, the 3rd antique point on the Yin meridian.• Yuan (source, origin) also means the convergence of two states of flux, which are the two energies: the energy coming from the Lo

transversal meets the energy flowing in the corresponding meridian. • The Yuan point is a damp point on the Yin meridian and a wind point on the Yang meridian.

5. The King point or Jing (diversion)• The King point is the 4th point on the Yin meridian and the 5th point on the Yang meridian. According to TCM it stops – by "diverting" it –

the pathogenic energy which has entered the meridian from flowing further to the Ho point. It is a dryness point on the Yin meridian and a heat point on the Yang meridian.

6. The Ho point (unification)• It is the 5th antique point on the Yin meridian and the 6th antique point on the Yang meridian. At the Ho point 2 energies are unified: that

coming up from the deep (from the organ) and that flowing superficially which in turn penetrates deeply at the Ho point in order to reach the organ. According to TCM, the Ho point can prevent pathogenic energy from penetrating to the organ as well.

• According to the TCM model, the Ho point, like the Lo transversal, is a point of connection between the internal and the external.• The Ho point can be used to treat organs – especially in conjunction with organ insufficiency. The Ho point is a cold point on the Yin

meridian and a damp point on the Yang meridian. It is thus indicated on both the Yin and Yang meridians in conjunction with rheumatic diseases and inflammations of all kinds. With these diseases the Ho point can be used as a point of immunity to pathogenic energies.

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3E5 (Waiguan)Location: 2 cun above the dorsal wrist fold, between the radius and the ulna.Function: Lo point of the meridian and key point of Yang Oe. Organ treatment point and through point to the source point of the coupled meridian 3E5 >> KS7. Dispels pathogenic Qi, amasses organ Qi, compensates deficiency and compensates excess.Indications: Circulatory disorders, e.g. hypotension with dizziness, tiredness, rheumatic complaints, cervical spine syndrome, humeroscapular periarthritis, neuralgia and pain in the upper extremities.

3E10 (Tianjing)Location: On bending the arm, in the hollow above the olecranon.Function: Sedation and Ho point of the meridian, damp point. Dispels damp and heat from the elbow, clears the triple burner and auxiliary vessels.Indications: Diseases of the elbow, pain in the upper extremities and shoulder, rheumatic pain in the upper extremities, shoulder-hand syndrome, unilateral headache.

3E14 (Jianliao)Location: Dorsal in the hollow below the acromion.Function: Cools heat and releases blockages in the shoulder.Indications: Shoulder-hand syndrome, periarticular fibrositis

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3E15 (Tianjiao)Location: Halfway along the path connecting the tip of the 7th cervical vertebra and the tip of the acromion, 1 cun directly below G21.Function: Reunion point for Yang-Oe. Drives out wind-heat, wind-cold and damp-heat – a "rheumatism point" for the shoulder-hand region. This point is frequently needled as part of a proximal-distal coupling with 3E5 (3E5 – 3E15).Indications: Cervical spine and shoulder- hand syndromes, rheumatic pain in the region of the shoulder, as well as cervical and thoracic spines. Stiffness in the shoulder.

3E18 (Chimai)Location: Behind the auricle in the hollow on the posterior mastoid border at the transition from the lower to the middle third of the path 3E17 – 3E20.Function: Promotes the flow of Qi in the mastoid and auricular region, eliminating exogenic-pathogenic influences there.Indications: Tinnitus, hardness of hearing, headache, tension headaches.

B9 (Bladder 9/Yuzhen)Location: 1.3 cun lateral to the central line level with LG17 (superior border of the external occipital protuberance).Function: Drives out wind, heat and cold from the meridian, clearing it and the small Lo vessels and allowing the Qi to flow. Regulates the flow of Qi in the occipitofrontal region.Indications: Blocked nose, anosmia, eye diseases, tension headaches radiating to the temples, neck and face. Stiff neck with tension in the sterno-mastoid and trapezius muscles.

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B25 (Bladder 25/Dachangshu)Location: 1.5 cun lateral to the fourth lumbar vertebra.Function: Shu point of the large intestine, regulating its function. Dispels wind, heat, cold and damp from the meridian, unblocking it and the small Lo vessels and promoting the flow of Qi. Regulates the middle and lower burners.Indications: Diseases of the large intestine, lumbosacralgia, abdominal pain, diarrhea and constipation, meteorism, digestive disorders.

B27 (Bladder 27/Xiaochangshu)Location: 1.5 cun lateral to the dorsal midline, level with the 1st sacral foramen, just below the lateral tip of the posterior superior iliac spine.Function: Shu point of the small intestine, regulating its function. Promotes the Qi of the lower burner.Indications: Lumbosacralgia, seminal discharge, diarrhea.

B10 (Bladder 10/Tianzhu)Location: 1.3 cun lateral to LG15 (below the spinous process of the 1st cervical vertebra), level with C1/2, in a hollow at the lateral source of the trapezius muscle.Function: Dispels wind, heat and cold from the meridian, unblocking it and the small Lo vessels and promoting the flow of Qi. Regulates the flow of Qi in the eyes and nose.Indications: Occipitofrontal headache, cervical spine syndrome, eye diseases, meteorosensitivity (wind-sensitive point), dizziness, blocked nose and impaired sense of smell. Insomnia. Puncture/pressure of this point cools heat and dispels wind, clears the head and eye complaints, see Function.

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B28 (Bladder 28/Pangguangshu)Location: 1.5 cun lateral to the dorsal midline level with the 2nd sacral foramen, in the hollow below B27.Function: Shu point of the bladder, regulating its function. Dispels wind, heat and cold from the meridian and the bladder, clears the meridian and the small Lo vessels and promotes the flow of Qi here. Increases the Qi of the lower burner.Indications: Urogenital disease, especially cystitis, menstruation problems, fluor albus, impotence, lumbosacralgia.

B31 (Bladder 3/Shangliao)Location: In the first sacral foramen, medial to B27, halfway between the posterior superior iliac spine and the dorsal midline.Function: Dispels wind, heat and cold from the meridian, clears it and the small Lo vessels and promotes the flow of Qi. Regulates the urogenital region and eliminates climacteric complaints.Indications: Climacteric complaints, master point for climax. Lumbosacralgia, sciatica, urogenital diseases.

B32 (Bladder 32/Ciliao)Location: In the 2nd sacral foramen, medial to B28.Function: Dispels wind, heat and cold from the meridian, clears it and the small Lo vessels and promotes the flow of Qi. Regulates the lower burner. Indications: Lumbosacralgia, sciatica, urogenital diseases.

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B40 (Bladder 40/ Weizhong)Location: In the center of the popliteal fossa.Function: Ho point of the meridian and damp point. Dispels damp from the knee and the meridian, unblocking it and the small Lo vessels and promotes the flow of Qi here. Regulates bladder function.Indications: Diseases of the knee, urogenital diseases, metabolic disorders (thus also indicated in conjunction with skin diseases), sciatica, lumbosacralgia.

B42 (Bladder 42/Pohu)Location: 3 cun lateral to the 3rd thoracic vertebra.Function: Dispels wind, heat and cold from the back muscles and meridian, unblocking it and the small Lo vessels and promotes the flow of Qi. Calms the spirit and regulates lung Qi. Indications: Back pain, depression, lung diseases.

B45 (Bladder 45/Yixi)Location: 3 cun lateral to the 6th thoracic vertebra.Function: Dispels wind, heat and cold from the back muscles and meridian, unblocking it and the small Lo vesselsand promotes the flow of Qi. Indications: Thoracic spine syndrome, intercostal neuralgia.

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B52 (Bladder 52/Zhishi)Location: 3 cun lateral to the 2nd lumbar vertebra.Function: Dispels, wind, heat and cold from the meridian, unblocking it and the small Lo vessels and promotes the flow of Qi.Indications: Lumbar spine syndrome, urogenital disorders, supports B23.

B57 (Bladder 57/Chengshan)Location: 8 cun below B40, between the heads of the gastrocnemius muscle.Function: Dispels wind and cold from the meridian, unblocking it and the small Lo vessels and promotes the flow of Qi.Indications: Cramps in the calf muscles.

B60 (Bladder 60/Kunlun)Location: Halfway between the tip of the outer ankle bone and the Achilles tendon.Function: King point, heat point. Dispels heat, cold and damp from the meridian, unblocking it and the small Lo vessels and promotes the flow of Qi. Eliminates blockages.Indications: Painful point. Urogenital diseases, pain in the Achilles tendon and the ankle.

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B61 (Bladder 61/Pushen)Location: Below B60 in a dimple on the calcaneum.Function: Dispels wind, heat and cold from the meridian, unblocking it and the small Lo vessels and promoting the flow of Qi.Indications: Diseases of the heel, ankle and Achilles tendon.

B62 (Bladder 62/Shenmai)Location: 1.5 cun below the tip of the outer ankle bone in a hollow.Function: Key point of the extraordinary meridian Yang Keo. Dispels wind, heat and cold from the meridian, unblocking Yang Keo and the small Lo vessels and promoting the flow of Qi.Indications: Insomnia. General effect on the psyche, depression. Headache, trigeminal neuralgia branch II, shoulder-hand syndrome, locoregional complaints.

Di 4 (Hegu)Location: Radial to the center of the 2nd metacarpal bone.Function: Source and Yunn or Yuan point, wind point. Dispels wind and wind-heat. Eliminates blockages in the meridian and secondary vessels. Conducts heat away from the lung meridian, alleviates pain, strengthens the immune system and lowers stomach Qi levels, aids labor. The combination of Di 4 and Ma 44 has an analgetic effect.Indications: Painful point. Diseases of the large intestine, abdominal pain, constipation, headache, toothache. Allergic facial rash. Partial paralysis of the facial nerve (wind attack). Trismus, febrile diseases of the pharyngeal cavity. Allergic conjunctivitis. This point is also needled in conjunction with many eye diseases, as well as all types of fever (dispels wind-heat).

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Di9 (Large intestine 9/Shanglian)Location: 3 cun below (distal to) Di11.Function: Dispels wind-heat, wind-cold from the elbow, promotes Qi, eliminates blockages.Indications: Pain in the lower arm, supports point 3E5 (2 cun above the center of the dorsal transverse fold of the wrist) in conjunction with rheumatic diseases. Pain and partial paralysis in the lower arm region.

Di10 (Large intestine 10/Shousanli)Location: 2 cun below (distal to) Di11.Function: Dispels wind-heat from the elbow, eliminates blockages.Indications: Radial humeral epicondylitis, pain and partial paralysis in the lower arm, perfusional disorders, shoulder-hand syndrome, headache, colitis, diarrhea and constipation.

Di11 (Large intestine 11/Quchi)Location: At the radial end of the bend of the elbow.Function: Tonification point, Ho and damp point. Compensates deficiency, eliminates stagnation in the meridian and mobilizes Qi. Regulates the Qi of the organ or large intestine (Ho point). Dispels damp and heat from the large intestine and the elbow. Regulates the flow of Qi and blood (affecting homeostasis and immune system).Indications: Diseases of the corresponding organs, e.g. constipation, diarrhea, colitis, irritable colon, abdominal pain. Di11 stimulates the immune system and also affects homeostasis. Secondary indications are eczema, urticaria, dry skin, menstrual disturbances, impaired flow of blood and Qi. Radial humeral epicondylitis, partial paralysis of the upper extremities.

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Di12 (Large intestine 12/Zhouliao)Location: 1 cun above Di11.Function: Promotes the flow of Qi and blood in the elbow region, locally and locoregionally.Indications: Radial humeral epicondylitis, pain and neuralgia in the upper extremities.

Di14 (Large intestine 14/Binao)Location: At the lateral insertion of the deltoid muscle.Function: Promotes the flow of Qi and blood in the elbow and shoulder-hand regions.Indications: Shoulder-hand syndrome, cervical spine syndrome.

Di15 (Large intestine 15/Jianyu)Location: In a hollow ventral to and below the acromion when the arm is down.Function: Promotes the flow of Qi and blood in the shoulder, eliminates blockages.Indications: Shoulder-hand syndrome, humeroscapular periarthritis, stiff shoulder. The combination of Di15 and M38 alleviates pain and eases shoulder movement. The effect is increased by additionally stimulating the sensitive and motor point of the shoulder in the ear – 17 and 7/R. Here 7/R is stimulated contralaterally.

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Di16 (Large intestine 16/Jugu)Location: In the hollow between the acromion and the spine of the scapula.Function: Promotes the locoregional flow of Qi and blood, eliminates blockages in the shoulder.Indications: Shoulder-hand syndrome.

Dü3 (Small intestine 3/Houxi)Location: On the ulnar side of the hand, proximal to the basal joint of the fifth finger in the fist fold.Function: Tonification and Yu point of the meridian, wind point, key point of Tou Mo or governing vessel (LG). Calms heart and spirit. Dispels wind, heat and cold. Has a tonification and spasmolytic effect, clears meridan and secondary vessels.Indications: Headache in varying places (wind point). Stiff neck, shoulder-hand syndrome. Menière's disease or similar symptoms. Intestinal spasms, spasmophilia (key point of the governing vessel). General weakness. Partial paralysis and paresthesia in the upper extremities.

Dü9 (Small intestine 9/Jianzhen)Location: 1 cun above the dorsal axillary fold.Function: Dispels wind-cold and wind-heat from the shoulder, eliminates blockages in the shoulder, meridian and secondary vessels.Indications: Shoulder-hand syndrome.

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Dü13 (Small intestine 13/Quyuan)Location: At the medial end of the supraspinous fossa in a hollow.Function: Dispels wind-cold and wind-heat from the shoulder, eliminates blockages in the shoulder, meridian and secondary vessels. Relaxes the muscles and calms the spirit.Indications: Locoregional pain, shoulder-hand syndrome, cervical spine syndrome, depression.Correlation with neighboring points on the bladder meridian: B13, B14, B15, B42, B43, B44.

Ex32 (Extra point 32/ Xiyan)Location : Medial to the patellar ligament, level with the inferior medial border of the patella in a hollow. Internal "knee eye" (external "knee eye" is M35).Indications: Diseases of the knee.

G12 (Gall bladder 12/Wangu)Location: In the hollow on the posterior inferior border of the mastoid process.Function: Dispels wind, heat and internal wind, eliminates blockages. Reunion point for the bladder meridian.Indications: Occipital neuralgia, cervical spine syndrome, dizziness, pain and stiffness in the neck based on tension in the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Partial paralysis of the face, trismus.

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G19 (Gall bladder 19/Naokong)Location: 1.5 cun above G20, connecting pathway G15 – G20.Function: Dispels wind, eliminates blockages from the meridian and secondary vessels. Reunion point for Yang Oe.Indications: Occipitotemporal headache, neuralgia, visual impairment, stiff neck.

G20 (Gall bladder 20/Fengchi)Location: In a hollow medial to the mastoid, between the source of the trapezius muscle and the source of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.Function: Dispels wind, heat, cold and internal wind from the head and eyes. Eliminates blockages from the meridian and secondary vessels. Reunion point for Yang Oe, Yang Keo and the triple burner.Indications: Eye and ear diseases, headache, dizziness, tinnitus, vegetative disorders, blocked nose, cervical spine syndrome, stiff neck, colds. This point is meteorosensitive, dispels – as mentioned above – wind and heat, as well as internal wind, and has a favorable impact on conjunctivitis and visual impairments, insomnia.

G21 (Gall bladder 21/Jianjing)Location: At the highest point on the shoulder, halfway along the connecting pathway LG14 – tip of acromion, 1 cun above 3E15.Function: Dispels wind-cold from the head and shoulders. Eliminates blockages in the meridian. Reunion point for Yang Oe and the triple burner.Indications: Cervical spine and shoulder- hand syndromes, utrine hemorrhaging, hypertension, axillary hyperhidrosis.

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G30 (Gall bladder 30/Huantiao)Location: With leg bent, point is located at the transition from the middle to lateral third of the stretch linking the tip of the great trochanter and the sacral hiatus (LG2). With leg straight, point is located in the hollow behind the great trochanter.Function: Dispels heat and eliminates blockages in the meridian and small Lo vessels. Reunion point for the bladder meridian.Indications: Coxalgia, sciatica, lumbago, gonalgia.

G31 (Gall bladder 31/Fengshi)Location: On the lateral side of the thigh, 7 cun above the knee crevice. The middle finger of the patient points to itif the patient stretches his leg, adduces the upper extremities and places the flat of his hand firmly on his thigh.Function: Dispels heat and eliminates blockages in the meridian and small Lo vessels.Indications: Pain in the thigh, partial paralysis and paresthesia in the lower extremities, lumbar sciatica, coxalgia, gonalgia.

G34 (Gall bladder 34/Yanglingquan)Location: Directly in front of the head of the fibulaFunction: Ho point of the meridan, damp point, master point of muscles and tendons. Promotes the flow of Qi, eliminates blockages and has a spasmolytic effect. Dispels heat and heat-damp from the liver, gall bladder, meridian and collateral vessels.Indications: Diseases of the gall bladder, fullness in the thorax and hypochondria, diseases of the knee, shoulder-hand pain, partial paralysis and paresthesia of the lower and upper extremities. Damp point, therefore also effective in conjunction with rheumatic diseases of the knee, weakness in the lumbosacral region and lower extremities. This point has a spasmolytic effect.

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G40 (Gall bladder 40/Qiuxu)Location: In the hollow in front of the outer ankle bone.Function: Source/ Yunn or Yuan point (G40 < Le5), wind point. Compensates excess and heat in coupled meridian, promotes the flow of Qi in the corresponding meridan. Eliminates blockages in the meridian and secondary vessels.Indications: Cholecystopathy with insufficient Qi, migraine, headache, pain in the ankle, lower extremities and heel. General weakness, chest pain, pain in the hypochondria, vomiting, regurgitation, visual impairment.

H3 (Heart 3/Shaohai)Location: At the ulnar end of the elbow fold.Function: Ho and cold point. Organ treatment point. Regulates the heart and the spirit, cools heat and eliminates blockages.Indications: Cardiac dysfunction, depressive moods (point of enjoyment), ulnar humeral epicondylitis, paresthesia and neuralgia in the upper extremities, lymphadenitis, stiff neck, insomnia.

Le3 (Liver 3/Taichong)Location: In the proximal angle of the first and second metatarsals.Function: Source and Yuan point, damp point. Promotes liver Qi and conducts it away from the gall bladder meridian (Le3<G37). Extinguishes fire in the liver, suppresses internal wind and reduces liver Yang. Dispels heat and damp heat. Promotes the flow of Qi and blood. Connection to LG20.Indications: Migraine and headaches of all kinds, hypertension, metabolic disorders, insufficient liver Qi, cholecystopathy, eye diseases, acne, impotence, adnexitis, ovarian dysfunction, menstruational dysfunction, uterine hemorrhaging, nightmares.

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Le4 (Liver 4/Zhongfeng)Location: In a hollow 1 cun in front of the inner ankle bone, between the tendon of the anterior tibial muscle and the tendon of the extensor hallucis longus muscle.Function: King point, dryness point. Dispels damp and heat, eliminates blockages.Indications: Tendopathy of the ankle, enuresis, seminal discharge, pain in the external genitals, inguinal hernia, pain in the lower abdomen.

Le8 (Liver 8/Ququan)Location : At the medial end of the knee joint fold, between the tibial medial condylus and the anterior border of the semimembranous muscle.Function: Ho point, tonification and cold point. Organ treatment point for the liver, dispels wind-cold and wind-heat from the urogenital region and the knee. Nourishes the tendons, compensates deficiency and calms the spirit.Indications: Diseases of the liver, osteoarthritis of the knee, impotence, frigidity, genital diseases, seminal discharge, pruritus vulvae, dysuria, depression, irritable temper.

LG3 (Governing vessel 3/Yaoyangguan)Location: Below the spinous process of the 4th lumbar vertebra.Function: Promotes kidney Yang and Qi in the lower burner, dispels wind, heat and cold here.Indications: Lumbosacralgia, weakness in the lower extremities, impotence, frigidity, leukorrhea, seminal discharge.

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LG14 (Governing vessel 14/Dazhui)Location: Below the spinous process of the 7th cervical vertebra.Function: Reunion point for all the Yang meridians. Promotes Yang Qi and immune system Qi, dispels wind, cold and heat from all the Yang meridians.Indications: Coughing, bronchitis, asthma, exhaustion, weakened immune system, convalescence, fibrile diseases, metabolic disturbances, dizziness, headache, weakness in the legs.

Lu5 (Lung 5/Chize)Location: In the fold of the elbow, radial to the biceps tendon.Function: Sedative and Ho point, a cold point. Heat and cold syndromes of the lungs, spleen and kidneys. As a Ho point it promotes lung Qi.Indications: Irritable cough, bronchitis, asthma, experienced thoracic excess, eczema, acne, intercostal neuralgia, humeral radial epicondylitis, pharyngeal inflammation.

M34 (Stomach 34/Linqiu)Location: 2 cun above the lateral superior border of the patella.Function: Xi point of the stomach meridian. Cools heat, eliminates excess and clears blockages in the meridian.Indications: Stomach excess, diseases of the knee, partial paralysis and impaired sensitivity in the lower extremities.

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M35 (Stomach 35/ Dubi)Location: In the hollow lateral to the patella, lateral to the patellar ligament.Function: Cools heat in and dispels cold from the knee joint, eliminates blockages here.Indications: Diseases, swellings and sprains in the knee.

M36 (Stomach 36/Zusanli)Location: 3 cun below M35, in a hollow lateral to border of the tibia.Function: Ho point of the stomach meridian, damp point. Dispels damp from the knee joint, promotes the flow of Qi and blood, stimulates stomach and spleen functions.Indications: Stomach diseases, abdominal spasms, tonification of the psyche in conjunction with depression, prophylaxis for stage-fright. Diseases of the knee joint, partial paralysis and impaired sensitivity in the lower extremities. Regulates gastric juices.

M38 (Stomach 38/Tiaokou)Location: 8 cun directly below M35, 1 cun lateral to the anterior border of the tibia.Function: Dispels wind-cold and wind-heat from the shoulder, regulates the flow of Qi in the meridian, eliminates blockages.Indications: Humeroscapular periarthritis, all shoulder complaints (see Di15). Neuralgia, partial paralysis, tendopathy of the lower extremities.

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MP9 (Spleen 9/Yinlingquan)Location: In a hollow below and behind the medial tibial condyle.Function: Ho and cold point. Organ treatment point, promotes spleen Qi, cools heat, converts mucus.Indications: Urogenital diseases, diseases of the knee, impotence, menstrual disorders.

MP10 (Spleen 10/Xuehai)Location: 2 cun above the medial superior border of the patella.Function: Promotes the flow of blood and Qi, releases blood congestion, cools heat, normalizes heat in the blood (allergy).Indications: Allergic diseases, e.g. urticaria, eczema, uterine hemorrhaging, menstrual disorders, dysmenorrhea, diseases of the knee.

N3 (Kidney 3/Taixi)Location: Halfway between the Achilles tendon and the tip of the inner ankle bone.Function: Source, Yuan and damp point. Compensates excess and cools heat in the coupled meridian (source point: N3 < B58). Promotes the flow of Qi, compensates deficiency in the corresponding meridian, dispels damp, eliminaters blockages. Promotes kidney Yin and kidney Yang and stimulates the immune system.Indications: Kidney deficiency, convalescence, exhaustion, asthma, impotence, frigidity, anemia, tinnitus, enuresis, seminal discharge, weak knees, achillodynia, ankle pain, anxiety.

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N4 (Kidney 4/ Dazhong)Location: Behind and below N3 on the calcaneum, at the medial insertion of the Achilles tendon.Function: Lo point of the meridian. Organ treatment point and through point to the coupled bladder meridian (N4 > B64). Promotes the flow of Qi, compensates deficiency, cools heat and eliminates excess.Indications: Diseases of the kidney and bladder, asthma, diseases of the Achilles tendon and heel, lumbosacral weakness.

N7 (Kidney 7/Fuliu)Location: 2 cun vertically above N3.Function: Tonification, King and dryness point. Compensates deficiency, dispels deficiency-heat and damp. Eliminates blockages, tonification of the psyche.Indications: Strengthens the effect of N3. General weakness, urogenital weakness, hyperhidrosis and anhidrosis, rheumatic diseases, depression, anxiety.

N6 (Kidney 6/Zhaohai)Location: 1.5 cun below the tip of the inner ankle bone, in a hollow.Function: Key point of Yin Keo, compensates deficiency, dispels cold, cools deficiency-heat, clears meridian and secondary vessels. Closes the eyes and prepares for sleep.Indications: Insomnia, urogenital diseases, bronchitis, asthma, psychovegetative disorders.

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Motor point of the shoulder (7/R)Location: In the lower part of the back of the ear, correlating to the location of the Chinese point 107, cervical spine region, Chin. "lower back", referring to the lower part of the back of the ear. Point 7/R is located approx. 7 mm above point 62/R, in the cartilaginous part of the back of the concha.Indications: Impaired shoulder movement, blockages in the 1st rib, cervical spine syndrome, cervical migraine.

Elbow 15, Chin. 66 Location: In the scapha below the wrist point 14.Function: Influences the elbow, wrist and fingers.Indications: Ulnar and radial humeral epicondylitis pain. Writer's cramp.

Shoulder 17, Chin. 65Location: In the scapha, approx. 4 mm above the 1st rib point (18).Function: Control point for the shoulder.Indications: Pain in conjunction with shoulder-hand and cervical spine syndromes, as well as blockages in the 1st rib.

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CS points (23 - 29)Location: These 7 points are located on the antihelix and correlate to the 7 cervical vertebrae. The 1st point correlates to the atlas (23) and is located just above the antitragohelicine fissure. The 7th point correlates to the 7th cervical vertebra (29). It is located in the cartilaginous fissure on the antihelix separating the cervical spine zone from the thoracic spine zone. One to three points are usually active in patients with cervical spine syndrome.Indications: Cervical spine syndrome, headache, dizziness, cervical spine blockages, cervical migraine, visual impairments.

LS points 42 – 46 / L1 – L5Location: The lumbar spine (LS) connects to the thoracic spine with point 42 or L1 on the inferior branch of the antihelix. As is the case between the cervical and thoracic spines, here too a separating fissure between the thoracic and lumbar spines can usually be detected, in which point 41 for the 12th thoracic vertebra is located. The lumbar spine zone ends in point 46 or L5. The sciatic point acc. to Nogier approx. corresponds in location to point 44 or L3.Function: The points in the LS zone are responsible for treating the lumbar spine and its entire intervertebral apparatus. These points have an effect analagous to adrenaline.Indications: Lumbar spine syndrome, sciatica, muscular tension and blockages in the lumbar spine region, segmental therapy, urogenital diseases, influences pain in a manner comparable to adrenaline.

CS

LS

Sacrum 47Location: Sacrum 47 is covered by the brim of the helix and is located on the inferior branch of the antihelix in front of point 46 (corr. to LWK 5) and the Chinese "vegetative point“. The vegetative point corresponds to the intersection between the helix and the anterior inferior crus of the antihelix.Function: This point is responsible for the sacrum, has (like the Chinese vegetative point) an effect analagous to adrenaline and thus a pronounced effect on pain.Indications: Lumbosacralgia, sciatica, muscular tensions and blockages in the lumbar spine and sacral regions, urogenital diseases.

Hip 49, Chin. 57Location: On the bifurcation of the antihelix or on the "hill" .Function: Control point for the hip.Indications: Coxalgia, lumbosacralgia, sciatica, muscular tension and blockages in the lumbar spine region. Urogenital diseases in conjunction with lumbar spine syndrome. This point is active with many forms of lumbosacralgia.

Knee 50, Chin. 49 Location: The point acc. to Nogier is roughly in the middle of the triangular fossa. According to the Chinese system, this point is located on the superior branch of the antihelix in front of the symphysis (49A).Function: Both points (50) are control points for the knee. Indications: Gonalgia, osteoarthritis of the knee, lumbosacralgia radiating to the knee.

Calf 51Location: On the superior branch of the antihelix in front of knee point 50. According to the Chinese system, calf 51 is located at the border of the triangular fossa – ventral to the superior knee point 50.Function: Influences the calf muscle and the sciatic nerve.Indications: Calf cramps, sciatica. This point positively influences magnesium therapy. It effect is analagous to that of body acupuncture point B57 (between the two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle).

Ankle joint 52Location: Similar to the knee, there are two control points for the ankle. The Chinese point is located on the superior branch of the antihelix, between the point calf 51 and the point heel 53. The 2nd control point is located in the triangular fossa, proximate to the brim of the helix.Function: Controls the ankle joint, heel and foot.Indications: Pain, inflammation and swelling following trauma in the foot region.

Heel 53, Chin. 47Location: On the superior branch of the antihelix. This point (nearly) touches the border of the helix.Function: Control point for the heel, ankle and foot.Indications: Heel spur syndrome, inflammations and traumata in the foot region.

Stellate ganglion 72Location: Level with C7 (29) in the sympathetic groove.Indications: Blockage of the 1st rib, cervical spine syndrome, vegetative disorders.

Liver 80Location: Location is linear. The control point for the liver is usually in the middle of this line.Function: Controls the liver organ.Indications: Hepatopathy, tendinous diseases, liver-related migraine. Liver-related migraine is an expression of rising fire in the liver (liver Yang). The latter can no longer be controlled due to insufficient liver Yin, it rises to the head and can cause severe headache or migraine. Eye diseases, genital diseases, impotence.

Foot point knee joint Location: 1 cun lateral to the lateral point 24 LegsIndication: Pain in the knee joint.

Point 1st rib see Page 47

Occiput 62 see Page 48

Point 62/R see Page 49

Shenmen 54 see Page 50

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(YNSA) Yin basic pointsA = head + cervical spineB = cervical spine + shoulderC = shoulder + upper extremitiesE = thoracic spineD = lumbar spine or lower bodyEar: slightly caudal and medial to

YNSA sciatic point FLocation: Retroauricular above the mastoid, correlates in location to the body acupuncture point 3E18.Indication: Sciatica. Upon stimulation with the device, rapid, albeit short-term alleviation of pain. Combination with body and ear points required.

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YNSA knee points3 knee points: G1, G2, G3Location: Retroauricular on the mastoid at the source of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The middle knee point corresponds to body acupuncture point G12 (gall bladder 12).Indication: Knee complaints: can be successfully treated with the device using the knee points.

YNSA LSS points: D1 – D5Locations: The five lumbar spine syndrome points D1 – D5 are located directly ventral to the auricle, in a line from the superior insertion of the auricle D1 to the supratragic notch D5. From its location D5 correlates to the body acupuncture point 3E21.Indications: Lumbago, lumbar sciatica.

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Ear point (1st rib) Applying the stimulation probe to the ear point 1st rib, requiring treatment due to significantpressure sensitivityLocation, significance: In the scapha, level withpoint C7, controls the first ribIndications: Blockage of the 1st rib, cervical spineand shoulder-hand syndromes. The blockage of thefirst rib can act as an interference field and accordingly cause a resistance to therapy.Therapy at 2800 Hz

First rib 18 (Fr.)Location: In the scapha, level with point C7 (7th cervical vertebra).Function: Point controlling the first rib.Indications: Blockage of the first rib, cervical spine and shoulder-hand syndromes. The blockage of the first rib can act as an interference field and accordingly cause a resistance to therapy.

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Auricular acupuncture (occiput) Applying the stimulation probe to the ear point occiput, requiring treatment due to significantpressure sensitivityLocation, significance:Level with the postantitragic groove on the border between the scapha and the lobule. Very important point in auricular acupuncture, often used in conjunction wiith pain, mental imbalances, spine syndromes and other diseases.Indications: occipital headache, migraine, cervical and lumbar spine syndromes, eczema, dizziness, mental impairments.Therapy at 2800 Hz

Occiput 62, Chin. 29Location: Level with the postantitragic groove at the border between the scapha and the lobule, on the line 62-61B-62A. Indications: Occiput 62 is a very important point in auricular acupuncture. Often used for pain syndromes, mental imbalances, spinal syndromes and other diseases. Occipital headache, migraine, cervical and lumbar spine syndromes, eczema, dizziness, mental impairments.This point is often used as an adjuvant point in conjunction with many diseases because it affects the psyche and the circulatory system.

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Auricular acupuncture (Shenmen) Applying the stimulation probe to the Shenmen point, requiring treatment due to significant pressuresensitivity.Location, significance, indications:At the foot of the internal wall of the superior crus of the

antihelix, proximate to the bifurcation of the antihelix. A generally effective superordinate point aiding mental health and all kinds of pain, in particular gynecological and in the lumbar spine region. Sedative, anti-inflammatory and calming. In China this point is used for analgesia. Therapy at 2800 Hz

Shenmen 54, Chin. 55 "Spirit Gate"Location: At the foot of the internal wall of the superior crus of the antihelix, proximate to the bifurcation of the antihelix.Indications: A generally effective superordinate point aiding mental health and all kinds of pain, in particular gynecological and in the lumbar spine region. Sedative, anti-inflammatory and calming. In China this point is used for analgesia.

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Foot acupuncture point 8Applying the stimulation probe to the foot point P8 between the 4th and 5th toes, requiringtreatment due to significant pressuresensitivity.Indications: Headache with muscular tension in the cervical spine and back.Therapy at 8000 Hz

Foot point 8 NeixiaxiLocation: Between the 4th and 5th toes on the planta, about level with G 43 on the dorsum of the foot. Function: Relaxes the muscles and releases blockages.Indications: Headache with muscular tension in the cervical spine and back, hypertension.

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Foot acupuncture point 14Applying the stimulation probe to the foot point P14, on the midline of the planta 1/3 cun dorsal to the transition from the anterior to the middle1/3 of the planta, requiring treatment due to significantpressure sensitivity.Indications: Muscular tension in body and head, foot pain.Therapy at 8000 Hz, for added effect combine withtherapy at 2800 Hz.

Foot point 14 plantaLocation: 0.3 cun behind N1. Function: Regulates the general flow of Qi.Indications: Foot pain and muscular tension in body and head.Very important point for aftercare following pain treatment via local points.

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Foot acupuncture point 21Applying the stimulation probe to the footpoint P21, requiring treatment due to significant pressure sensitivity(5 cun before the midpoint from the border of the heel).Function: Calms the mind and the psyche, "feel-good point"Therapy at 2800 Hz.

Foot point 21 heartLocation: 5 cun before the midpoint from the border of the heel. Function: calms the mind and the psyche.Indication: hypertension, palpitations, nightmares, glossalgia, pain and swelling in the feet and toes.N.B.: Corresponds to Shenmen or He7.

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YNSA (D1)

Applying the stimulationprobe to point D1, requiringtreatment due to significantpressure sensitivity.Location: directly ventral to the auricle at the superiorinsertion of the auricle.Indications: lumbago, lumbarsciaticaTherapy at 2800 Hz.

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