English 10

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10th Grade Roots

Greek Origin

Root Meaning ExamplePhon

Latin Origin

Root Meaning ExampleBene

ContraDuctFlec

GradeGratGregJunctLoqua

MalMirMotSens

SequeSol

SpecStringTactVol

1. Benefactiona. Not straight, curvedb. Ask earnestlyc. Attack from all sidesd. A kind action

2. Phonographya. Spelling based on how a word soundsb. Vinyl recordc. Not easily moved to actiond. Having to do with phosphorous

3. Contravenea. Enjoyb. Dance in a linec. Conflict with, opposed. Gradually improve

4. Inductiona. Act of leading into an official positionb. Speechc. Something that can be addedd. Angles that come together

5. Flectiona. Actionb. Combinationc. Bendingd. Group of warships

6. Gradationa. Full of gossipb. Receiving a high mark in classc. Fertile area of landd. A change by steps or stages

7. Ingratea. Symbolic diagramb. Some who isn’t pleasedc. Various green plantsd. Small, disk-shaped granules

8. Aggregatea. To collect, uniteb. To annoyc. Grumble, complaind. First floor of a building

9. Adjunctivea. Offer as a reasonb. Words that describe nounsc. Tending to join togetherd. Muddled, confused

10. Eloquenta. Originating fromb. Speaking with powerc. To leave on a shipd. Object or representation

11. Maladroita. Moldableb. Specific type of barleyc. Island in South Pacificd. Poor coordination, poor skill

12. Admirationa. Wonder, approvalb. Advise against somethingc. Move forwardd. Favorable circumstance

13. Promotea. Person who predictsb. Raise in rankc. Having to do with pronounsd. Well known

14. Sensationala. Keep apart, divideb. Someone who sewsc. Arousing strong feelingd. Showing deterioration

15. Sequenta. Dividing, taking apartb. Public talkc. Following in orderd. Expert in books

16. Solitarya. Unable to singb. Capable of being solvedc. Alone or single

d. Imprisonment

17. Speculuma. Mirror or reflectorb. Person who explores cavesc. Period of work or dutyd. Bone in the body

18. String coursea. Path created with flat stonesb. Decorative band around a buildingc. Short, thickd. Difficult class

19. Tactuala. Write downb. Card or small piece of paperc. Larger than normald. Having to do with touch

20. Volitivea. Having to do with a volcanob. Loud, noisyc. Having to do with the willd. Having to do with an occupation

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COMMONLY CONFUSED WORDS

Affect:

Effect:

Fewer:

Less:

Good:

Well:

Waist:

Waste:

Among:

Between:

Either:

Neither:

Regardless:

Irregardless:

1. The amount of rain will (affect/effect) the crops.

2. The amount of rain will have an (affect/effect) on the crops.

3. I have (fewer/less) binders than Sally.

4. Sally has (fewer/less) water than Carolyn.

5. Peter did (good/well) in the game on Saturday.

6. Paul ate a (good/well) pizza at the game.

7. Don’t (waist/waste) that paper!

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8. Angela’s (waist/waste) is smaller than Jeff’s arm.

9. Karl stood (among/between) the two of us.

10. Jane sat (among/between) the fifteen people in her class.

11. I don’t like (either/neither) Susan or William.

12. He wants (either/neither) steak nor chicken.

13. (Irregardless/Regardless) of the ratings, the new show will stay on t.v.

14. James is quitting football, (irregardless/regardless) of whether or not he gets hurt in the game.

Connotation:

Example:

Denotation:

Example:

Vocabulary in Context is ________________________________________________________________.

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DENOTATION AND CONNOTATION

For each pair of words(or phrases), give the denotation, the connotation of the first, and the connotation of the second.

Word #1 Word #2 1. Gaze Stare2. Fragrance Odor3. Brainwash Persuade4. Delayed Tardy5. Nosy Curious6. Lazily Leisurely7. Demand Request8. Gathering of people Mob9. Slim Skinny10. Debate Argue

Denotation Connotation #1 Connotation #21

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3

4

5

6

7

8

9

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Vocabulary in Context

The girls adorned their hair with flowers and ribbons.

a. wore b. decorated c. covered d. brushed

Her disheveled hair looked as if a bird had tried to make a nest in it.

a. messy b. dirty c. ratty d. large

My mother always kept her equanimity, even when the rest of the family were arguing and fighting with one another; she was our peacekeeper.

a. angry mood b. calmness c. indifference d. anxiety

Her brother was voracious. He could put away twice as much food as anyone else and still be hungry an hour later.

a. tall b. starving c. always eating d. always dieting

It is refreshing to see students so excited, so zealous in doing their homework.

a. zany b. dedicated c. indifferent d. jealous

We thought that the mother would be very distraught at hearing of her husband’s accident.

a. tranquil b. angry c. disgusted d. anxious

When going to an office party you should show your best decorum, for example, dress your best, drink and eat moderately, and be sure to thank the host before you leave.

a. civility b. decorations c. party moves d. rudeness

When my grandfather meets someone with that much knowledge in a field, he finds that their erudition frightens him and he is inclined to withdraw.

a. rudeness b. scholarliness c. illiteracy d. age

I expected truthfulness from a doctor; I was shocked by his mendacity.

a. duplicity b. meanness c. candidness d. knowledge

Raul is an indulgent father. For instance, he lets his daughter stay up as late as she likes and he never insists that she does her homework.

a. Lazy and caring b. stupid and kind c. strict and mean d. lenient and tolerant

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Active and Passive Voice

Active Voice:

Passive Voice:

Part 1: Identify each sentence as active or passive.

1. Thomas feeds his dog. ________________________2. The dog is fed by Thomas. ________________________3. The letter was written by Marshall. ________________________4. The problem was solved. ________________________5. The dog was hit by the car. ________________________6. The house will be built in five months. ________________________7. Julie answered the question. ________________________8. The dolphins have learned many tricks. ________________________

Part 2: Change the sentences below to the passive voice.

9. The construction workers are making street repairs all month long.

10. The party will celebrate his retirement.

11. His professors were discussing his oral exam right in front of him.

Part 3: Change the sentences below to the active voice.

12. The house had been broken into by someone while the owners were on vacation.

13. A woman was being carried downstairs by a very strong firefighter.

14. The streets around the fire had been blocked off by the police.

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LITERARY TERMS

Allusion – Reference to a famous event, person, place, piece of literature, etc…

Ex. Taylor Swift’s song Love Story – reference to Romeo and Juliet

Ex. Failing the first test of the year was like the ship that sank on its maiden voyage.

Irony - discrepancy between what is said and what is meant, what is said and what is done, what is expected or intended and what happens, what is meant or said and what others understand

Ex. The average cost of rehabilitating a seal after the Exxon Valdez oil spill in Alaska was $80,000. At a special ceremony, two of the most expensively saved animals were released back into the wild amid cheers and applause from onlookers. A minute later they were both eaten by a killer whale.

Ex. Student receiving a perfect attendance certificate isn’t in class to receive it.

Simile – Comparison of two things using “like” or “as”

Ex. Her hair was black as coal.

Ex. As agile as a monkey

Metaphor – Comparison of two things NOT using “like or “as”

Ex. "The streets were a furnace, the sun an executioner."

Ex. "Men's words are bullets, that their enemies take up and make use of against them."

Personification – Giving inanimate objects human qualities or abilities

Ex. The wind stood up and gave a shout.

Ex. "Oreo: Milk’s favorite cookie."

Symbolism – A person, place, action, or thing that (by association, resemblance, or convention) represents something other than itself

Ex. Flag represents the country

Ex. River in literature almost always symbolizes a journey

Ex. Mockingbird stands for injured innocence

Pun – A play on words

Ex. A cannibal had a wife and ate kids.

Ex. I used to be a rock climber. I was boulder then.

Hyperbole – Exaggeration

Ex. I’ve told you a thousand times not to do that.

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Ex. I ate the whole cow.

A. AllusionB. IronyC. SimileD. MetaphorE. PersonificationF. SymbolismG. PunH. Hyperbole

For each of the following sentences, write the letter of the literary term for which it is an example.

1. My car is a million years old.

2. Time flies like an arrow. Fruit flies like a banana.

3. He looked about as inconspicuous as a tarantula on a slice of angel food.

4. An owl on someone’s shoulder to show that he/she is wise

5. The first rays of morning tiptoed through the meadow.

6. He offered me the "forbidden fruit;" my mom told me not to eat candy but I wanted it so bad.

7. Words are but wind.

8. A fire station burns down.

9. "Look deep into our ryes." (slogan of Wigler's Bakery)

10. Life is like an onion: You peel it off one layer at a time, and sometimes you weep.

11. I waited in line for centuries.

12. Fear knocked on the door. Faith answered.

13. Memory is a crazy woman that hoards colored rags and throws away food.

14. A math professor can’t balance his checkbook.

15. The young boy trying something impossible was similar to the boy who flew too close to the sun.

16. Doves being released to show peace.

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EXPOSITORY TEXT STRUCTURES

TEXT STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION OF STRUCTURE

SIGNAL WORDS

Description Provides information about a topic, concept, event, object, person, idea, etc. Connects ideas by listing important characteristics of the topic. This is the most common textbook organization.

Several pointsAlso IsCan be definedMost importantFor instanceIn fact For exampleInvolvesAn example

Sequence Puts facts, events, or concepts into a sequence, or time order. Gives steps in a process, or tells events in the order they happened (chronological order).

On (date)NowBeforeFirst, second, third, etc.FinallyLastNot long afterAsAfterWhenThenNextDuring

Comparison/Contrast Points out likenesses (comparing) and/or differences (contrasting) among facts, people, events, or concepts.

Different fromAlike (or like, unlike)UnlessAs well asAlthoughYetNot only…but alsoThe difference betweenSame asSimilar toButOn the other hand

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SimilarlyHoweverEither…or

TEXT STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION OF STRUCTURE

SIGNAL WORDS

Cause/Effect Shows how facts, events, or concepts (effects) happen or come into being because of other facts, events, or concepts (causes).

So thatThusSinceAs a result ofThenIf…thenAn explanation forThis led toBecause ofThereforeIn order toReasons forConsequentlyFor this reasonOn account of

Problem/Solution Shows the development of a problem and one or more possible solutions

A problem isThe problemAn alternative isA solution might beA solution isIs solved byA possible answer

Question/Answer Poses a question for the reader and then proceeds to answer it

HowWhatWhyHow manyIt could be thatWhenWhereWhoThe best estimateOne may conclude

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Name ___________________________________________ Period ______

Subject/Predicate

Directions: Put brackets [ ] around the complete subject in each of the following sentences.

Example: After its Industrial Revolution, [England] led the world as the most advanced nation in mechanization and mass production.

1. The Arts and Crafts Movement in Victorian England started as a mild rebellion by a group of artists, designers, and architects.

2. These artisans were concerned about the poor standard of design in English building and furnishings.

3. One of the most influential leaders of the Arts and Crafts Movement was William Morris (1834-1896).

4. Unable to find the fabrics he wanted for his home, Morris set up his own textile design firm in London in 1861.

5. Each year, the students at MIT compete to execute ever more creative pranks.

6. One year, they managed to park a car on top of a building.

7. In the winter, people need to be alert for signs that their heating systems are malfunctioning and emitting carbon monoxide gas.

8. The light breeze was welcome on that hot summer afternoon.

9. Most of us look forward to the hamburgers and potato salad served at summer cookouts.

Directions: Insert a slash / between the subject and the predicate in each sentence.

1. I enrolled at Albany State in 1988.2. My major interested were music and biology.3. I was a soloist with the choir.4. We sang three types of music.5. The choir specialized in spirituals.6. They had major injections of European musical harmony and composition.7. Gospel music comprised a major part of black church music at the time.8. Black choral singing was full, powerful, and richly ornate.9. The hymns were offset by upbeat call-and-response songs.10. People in church sang and prayed until they shouted.

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1. A city even with all of its problems, (is, are) an exciting place to live.

2. Cities such as New York City and San Francisco still (attracts; attract) millions of tourists every

year.

3. Many large cities (is, are) subject to fiscal problems because of decreasing tax bases.

4. In the 1960’s urban planners (was, were) responsible for enacting programs to help the nation’s

cities.

5. One of the many programs begun in the 1960’s (was, were) the Urban Teacher Corps.

6. During these years a great concentration of energies and skills (was, were) focused on making

our nation’s cities more attractive.

7. High crime rates, as well as poverty, (needs, need) to be eliminated from the nation’s cities.

8. Many of the efforts (has, have) not succeeded in eliminating various urban problems.

9. The city, once the center of America’s cultural and technological achievements, (has, have) lost

much of its appeal.

10. The amount of taxes spent on services for residents of large cities (is, are) staggering.

11. A very large city such as New York City (is, are) called a megalopolis.

12. Older urban areas, as well as newer ones, (presents, present) some of the most pressing

problems for the nation.

13. Transportation, pollution, and overcrowding (ranks, rank) as major problems is cities.

14. Residents of a major city (has, have) recently indicated that the top priorities for spending

should be education and law enforcement.

Subject and Verbs

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Pronoun/Antecedent Notes

NAME ___________________________________ PERIOD _____ DATE __________

For each of the following sentences, identify the pronoun and its antecedent.

SENTENCE PRONOUN ANTECEDENT

Sam and I travel together because we are good friends.

We Sam and I

Maria is looking for her coat.The students came for their grades.The children waited for me to pick them up.William and Loretta, you have to start arriving on time.Robert brought those books home because they looked interesting.Fred’s dad saw Tito and gave him the money Fred owed him.Roberto always gets A's because he studies so much.Where is Dorothy? I can't find her.She and I have been dating for five years; it's time for us to settle down.My tennis teacher had to raise her fees, since supplies were getting expensive.

http://isu.indstate.edu/writing/handouts/setii/prints/SETII13P.html

Circle the correct pronoun in each sentence. After the sentence, write the antecedent.

EXAMPLE: Every tugboat in the harbor sounded (its, their) foghorn. its -- tugboat

1. Did everyone in the play remember (his, their) lines?

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2. If anyone finds a glasses case, will (he, they) please deliver it to the Lost and Found Office.

3. Neither of the boys could find (his, their) way without a compass.

4. Every student in our class had (his, their) picture taken for the Chronicle.

5. In our section of woodland, every bird builds (its, their) own nest except the catbird.

6. Dan has always admired a person who can keep (his, their) head in an emergency.

7. If you have finished either of those magazines, will you lend (it, them) to me?

8. Every member of our family has (his, their) favorite television comedian.

Fragments:

How to fix:

Run-On’s:

How to fix:

Fragments & Run-On’s

1. John Lennon was killed in 1980. By a deranged young man.

2. Were it not for the dynamics of racism in US society. Chuck Berry probably would have been crowned king of rock and roll.

3. It was the phenomenal success of “Rapper’s Delight.” That first alerted the mainstream media to the existence of hip hop.

4. Barry Bonds hit seventy-three home runs in one year. Setting a new record.

5. Mauritania is an Islamic country. Which is located in northwest Africa.

6. Lamarck thought that acquired traits could be passed on to one’s offspring. His ideas being challenged much later by Charles Darwin.

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7. Having thought about our situation. I have decided I should take a second job.

8. This is a good economic arrangement. For working and taking care of the children.

9. Two years after his disastrous invasion of Russia in 1812. Napoleon was exiled to the island of Elba.

10. He regained power the following year. But was defeated at Waterloo.

11. Ritchie Valens was the first Chicano rock-and-roll star, he recorded a string of hits before his fatal plane crash in February 1959.

12. In order to access the Internet via modem you must install the Dial-Up Networking option click here to start.

13. I started reading Russian literature when I was young, though I did not know that it was Russian, in fact I was not even aware that I lived in a country with any distinct existence of its own.

14. We always ate dinner at eight o’clock we spent the whole day anticipating the time we could talk and eat together as a family.

15. Mine is a Spanish-speaking household we use Spanish exclusively.

16. The side pockets of her jacket were always bulging they were filled with rocks, candy, chewing gum, and other trinkets only a child could appreciate.

17. Some people seem to be able to eat everything they want they do not gain weight.

18. The VCR was not a popular piece of equipment with movie moguls, the studios quickly adapted.

19. Some magazines survive without advertising, they are supported by readers who pay for subscriptions.

20. A multimillion-dollar diet industry has developed, they sell liquid diets, freeze-dried foods, artificial sweeteners, and diet books by the hundreds.

Parallelism is _________________________________________________________________

1. Her interests include skiing, running, and bike rides.

2. We must either turn left on Martin Luther King Drive or take a right turn on Main Street.

3. Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence: talent will not, genius will not, being educated won’t.

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4. My present occupation is repairing appliances, VCR’s, and refinishing floors.

5. Mark Twain claimed that a friend is one who will side with you when you are wrong, since when you are right anyone is willing to be on your side.

6. Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what can be done by you for your country.

Conciseness

Directions: Revise the following words and sentences to make them as concise as possible.

1. 12 midnight

2. A total of 14 birds

3. Each and every

4. Exactly the same

5. Very pregnant

6. Period of 4 days

7. Shorter in length

8. At the present time

9. Due to the fact that

10. Personally, I feel

Comma Notes

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Directions: Correct the comma errors in the following sentences. Please list which rule best applies.

1. In comparison with ordinary soap the production of detergents exerts a more intense environmental impact.

2. Three out of four Americans claim to believe in God and four out of ten go to church regularly.3. If a typical book contains 500 pages the information content of a single chromosome

corresponds to some 4000 volumes.4. There are numerous private daycare centers in the United States but the employees are often

underpaid and weary from looking after too many children.5. In many countries people cannot conceive of themselves apart from the family or group they

belong to. In the United States on the other hand self-reliance is the fundamental virtue.6. The English language surrounds us like a sea and like the waters of the deep it is full of

mysteries.7. Of all the world’s languages (which now number some 2700) English is arguably the richest in

vocabulary.8. For most people body temperature drops at night and then rises in the morning.9. Enjoyment and appreciation are related terms but they are not synonymous.10. Although one can enjoy music without understanding it appreciation of music requires some

knowledge.

Directions: Correct the comma errors in the following sentences.

11. The antitax group collected 65202 signatures, on a petition, in support of an immediate tax cut.12. Although this is more than the required 64928 signatures it still may not be enough.13. Because of duplications, illegible signatures and people improperly signing for other family

members a minimum margin of at least 2000 is usually needed, to withstand challenges experts say.

14. The capital campaign which was off to a great start, hoped to net $1.2 million.15. When we shop we want to get the most for our money.16. Herbalists practice herbal medicine which is based on the medicinal qualities of plants or herbs.17. Economically and culturally overshadowed by the United States Canada has nonetheless

managed to carve out a feisty independent identity since World War II.18. The participants who had been carefully chosen by Akron’s political and community

establishment expressed a range of views.19. One fictitious address used by advertisers is John and Mary Jones 100 Main Street Anytown USA

12345.20. We are a nation of shoppers aren’t we?

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21. “It would be good to have this question on the ballot” the governor said.22. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. often quoted lines from the Bible.23. For example he would sometimes say “Let justice roll down like the waters.”24. Much to the irritation of its neighbor for instance Canada keeps friendly ties with Fidel Castro’s

Cuba.25. According to the police there were more than 10000 protestors at the rally.

Semicolon & Colon Notes

Directions: Correct the colon and semicolon errors in the following sentences.

1. Socrates disliked being called a “teacher,” he preferred to think of himself as an intellectual midwife.

2. Tests will be given on the following dates: Monday, November 2, Friday, November 20, and Monday, December 7.

3. The scientific naming and classification of all organisms is known as taxonomy, both living and extinct organisms are taxonomically classified.

4. A single category of a species is called a taxon, multiple categories are taxa.

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5. Since laughter seems to help the body heal; many doctors and hospitals are prescribing humor for their patients.

6. Beethoven was deaf when he wrote his final symphonies, nevertheless, they are considered musical masterpieces.

7. Some people think that watching a video at home is more fun than going to a movie, movie theaters are often crowded and noisy.

8. The lifeguards closed the beach when a shark was spotted, a few hours later some fishermen reported seeing the shark leave; so the beach was reopened.

9. The feeling of balance is controlled by the ears, inside each ear are three small tubes filled with fluid.

10. Since its opening in 1955; Disneyland has been an important part of American culture, it has the ability to reflect and reinforce American beliefs, values, and ideals.

11. There are several steps involved in writing an effective summary; read the original carefully, choose the material for your summary rewrite the material in a concise manner identify the source of the original text.

12. We need to buy several ingredients in order to bake the cookies, brown sugar, chocolate chips eggs, and milk.

13. In Becoming a Critical Thinker, Ruggiero states, “Truth is not something we create to fit our desires. Rather, it is a reality to be discovered.”

14. There are three important characteristics that all critical thinkers possess; the ability to be honest with themselves, the ability to resist manipulation, and the ability to ask questions.

15. Experts say swimming is one of the best forms of exercise, it burns as many calories as running but is low impact.

16. The hacker apparently logged on at 9 03 a.m.17. There are four qualities of a diamond that a prospective buyer should be aware of color, clarity,

cut, and carat weight.18. In The Language Instinct, Steven Pinker discusses the inherent nature of language, “We are all

born with the instinct to learn, speak, and understand language.”19. There are six major speech organs which are used to articulate sounds; the larynx, soft palate,

tongue body, tongue tip, tongue root, and lips.20. Denise titled her paper “Howls of Delight; Reintroduction of the Wolf into Yellowstone National

Park.”

Directions: Please fix the following sentences with commas, colons, and semicolons. Some questions require multiple corrections.

1. Everyone in my family excels in sports I seem to be the only exception.

2. Only two people registered for the pottery lessons as a result the class was cancelled.

3. Searching for the house key I found a dime a nickel and a penny and John my brother found his lost watch.

4. You can turn in your book reports on Thursday January 8 Friday January 9 or Monday January 12.

5. The only materials that are allowed in the testing center are pencils calculators and scratch paper.

6. He deserves a raise He completed the project on schedule and under budget.

7. By 4 00 p.m. she had already left for the dance.

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8. Patrick went to Layton Ogden and Salt Lake to find the perfect gift.

9. She had an old tattered multi-colored scarf.

10. He ate tacos and she ate spaghetti.

11. Heath Ledger Sue’s favorite actor may be nominated for an Oscar.

12. Sure he will go with you to the Jazz game.

13. “I can’t believe it” Jordan replied “What are you going to do next?”

14. She was born on June 29 1981 but didn’t look a day over eighteen.

15. My math teacher is so strict! At the beginning of the quarter she said “If you miss three classes

you will get an F.”

16. During my summer vacation I went to the beach. My favorite beach activities are swimming

scuba diving parasailing and jet skiing.

17. Utah State is a great school but I wish Logan were a bigger town! On the weekends there is

nothing to do.

18. Although Lucretia is an excellent hostess she was somewhat nonplussed when she stumbled

down the stairs falling face-first into the clam dip.

19. I told my friend whose name is Anne that I have homework to do therefore I must leave the play

early. She understood but she was sad that I was going to miss the last act.

20. Jan my best friend cannot go to the movies with us. Her mother said “Young lady you aren’t

going anywhere until you clean up your room!”

21. I want a cute brown puppy but my mother won’t let me have one. She says that puppies are

noisy messy and loud.

22. I like basketball better than football because basketball is more exciting and fast-paced than

football.

Directions: Correct the following story by adding colons, semicolons, and commas (if necessary).

It was a rainy looking day the five-year-old boy couldn’t find anything to do. His mother suggested the following video games coloring helping in the kitchen and playing “hide and seek.” None of these activities

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interested the boy everything was “boring.” It was only 10 30 a.m., and the forecast was for all day thunderstorms. Thunder and lightning, as well as torrents of rain, were coming down from dark-looking clouds.

Finally, the mother hit on a plan. She pulled a well-worn photo album from the shelf. She began showing the boy pictures of long-forgotten times.

“Here is your Uncle Fred. A self-made man, he was well liked by everyone. And here is Aunt Josie on the day she turned twenty-one. Here is your great-grandmother reading her favorite Bible verse, John 3 16. There are many more pictures here of your brothers sisters and other family members. I need to put the roast in the oven however I’ll be back in about ten minutes.”

The little boy continued looking through the album. When he was three-fourths of the way done, he saw someone he didn’t recognize.

“Mom,” he called. “Who is this red-headed man standing next to the curly-haired one with glasses?”

“Why, that’s your hard-working father You know that!” exclaimed his mother.

The boy spent nearly a minute puzzling over this all-perplexing problem however he was still confused.

“But Mom,” he replied. “If that’s Dad, who’s that bald-headed man upstairs?”

Apostrophe Notes

Directions: Please fix the following errors in apostrophes.

1. Its unfortunate that Bobs’ birthday falls on February 29.2. I wanted to go to Maria’s and Roberto’s party, but I wasnt able to.3. The snake sheds it’s skin many times during its life.4. Does the mens’ group meet here?5. No it’s a womens’ group that meets in this room on Thursdays.

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6. I can’t wait til my vacation comes!7. Im taking my lawyers advice on such matter’s.8. All of the orchestra member’s instruments seemed to be out of tune.9. The driver and passenger’s airbags both deployed after the accident/10. Kevin’s and Lauren’s older sister is in high school now.

Quotation Marks Notes

Directions: Add quotation marks in the following sentences.

1. We have subscribed to the Orlando Sentinel for years.2. Are you going to help me he asked or shall I look for someone else?3. Grandma’s favorite expression is Mind your p’s and q’s!4. Carla served a delicious Mediterranean appetizer called pulpo when I asked her what it was, she told

me it was octopus.5. Where have you been, Ron? asked Leroy. The bus is leaving.6. Indians Today, the Real and the Unreal is the opening chapter in Vine Deloria’s book Custer Died for

Your Sins.7. Sam, who’s from Boston, drops the r’s from the ends of words.

Parenthesis, Brackets, Dashes, Ellipses, and Slashes Notes

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Directions: Correct the following sentences by adding parenthesis, brackets, dashes, ellipses, and/or slashes.

1. “Yankee Doodle” it was the unofficial United States anthem at the time was played after the signing of the treaty of Ghent.

2. Lauryn Hill I love her songs! gave a concert here, and it sold out.3. There were three original members of the Sons of the Pioneers Roy Rogers his real

name was Leonard Slye, Bob Nolan, and Tim Spencer.4. Last night’s concert was about average the songs were good, but the singers were

uninspired.5. Bob Dylan (1941- born Robert Allen Zimmerman) wrote “Blowin’ in the Wind.”6. Whitney Houston’s version of “The Star-Spangled Banner” have you heard it?

Wouldn’t Francis Scott Key be pleased? was a hit.

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7. My cousins like many of Charley Pride’s songs his “Crystal Chandeliers” is their favorite.

8. This report contains information about agriculture I those three South American countries Brazil, Argentina, and Colombia see Graph 3A on pp. 24-25.

9. I read the wrong chapter for my homework a disastrous mistake!10. Mary Ellen Jefferson, a former district attorney, will speak at Thursday’s assembly I’ll

have to miss gym class and will address the topic of student rights.11. Bessie Coleman I read an article about her was the first licensed African American

pilot. 12. I was ready to trash the whole thing but then I thought better of it.13. I need to get at least 1 3 of my outline done tonight.14. “The notion of literature as a secular scripture extends roughly from Matthew

Arnold to Northrop Frye “15. “One of the things that produced a stalemate in Rio the site of the 1992 UN

conference was the failure of the chief negotiators.”

Capitalization Notes

Directions: Correct the capitalization errors in the following sentences.

1. On july 17, 1996, a Trans World airlines passenger plane crashed into the atlantic ocean, killing all 230 people aboard.

2. Bound for paris, france, the boeing 747 disappeared from Radar screens at 8:48 p.m.3. The plane was about fifty miles East of the Airport when it plunged into the Ocean about

ten miles South of East Moriches, long island.4. The US coast guard conducted a futile rescue effort, and the national transportation

safety board carried out a long investigation.5. Meanwhile, rumors circulated on the internet and a well-known Politician claimed, “The

plane was shot down by a US navy missile.”6. I logged on to HTTP://WWW. Cbpp.org and found a report called “Pulling apart: a State-

by-state analysis of income Trends.”

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7. Individual states could counteract this National trend (Few, however, have done so).8. My Nephew, Julius Evans, jr. is a Junior at San Francisco state university.

Italics Notes

Directions: Italicize (underline) those words and phrases that need it.

1. My favorite poem in Robert Creeley’s book For Love is “A Wicker Basket.”2. Juan says the new drama teacher is very simpatico.3. Of the fifty people interviewed, twenty-two said that 13 is an unlucky number.4. You can keep track of the spaceship NEAR’s progress daily.5. Smoking also contribute to platelet adhesiveness, or the sticking together of red blood

cells that is associated with blood clots.6. She’s an easy teacher—she gives all A’s and B’s.7. For me, the best track on Fleetwood Mac’s Greatest Hits is “Rhiannon.”8. The flower that does best under these conditions is the prairie zinnia (Zinnia

grandiflora).9. For further information, email us at johnsonco@waterworks.com.10. The term dementia implies deficits in memory, spatial orientation, language, or

personality.

Hyphens Notes

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Directions: Correct the hyphenation errors in the following paragraphs.

1. Stress-management calls for the development of positive self esteem, which can help you cope with stressful situations. Selfesteem skills are instilled through learned habits. Stress management also requires that you learn to see stressors not as adversaries but as exercises in life. These skills, along with other stress management techniques, can help you get through many difficult situations.

2. Smoke-less tobacco is used by approximately 12-million Americans, one fourth of whom are under the age of twenty one. Most use are teen-age and young adult males, who are often emulating a professional sports-figure or a family-member.