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The outcoming of the Japanese New Wave and the Brazilian New

Cinema from the late 50s through the early 70s.

Author: Joo Alexandre Salgado Scartezini

1.Introduction

The late 50s had a big explosion on film industry all over the world. It was the acme of

Classical Cinema in Hollywood where melodramatic and western movies made the studios win

tons and tons of money. Elsewhere, the Cinema was actually starting to get known by large

populations, such as the Brazilian, with the New Cinema and the Japanese, with the New Wave.

In Brazil, the directors of the New Cinema movement had the slogan One camera on

hand and one idea in your head was all they needed to make films. Several movies were made

with that idea, but in the process, they developed a new way of making those movies, and each

one got their caracteristics on film. Some as Glauber Rocha, Arnaldo Jabor, Nelson Pereira dos

Santos, Carlos Diegues, made significant movies, not only significant for the social movements

or ideas they represented, but also for Brazilian people as they knew themselves.

Japanese people suffered a similar experience. In 1950, Akira Kurosawa launched

Rashomon and got attention from the western film industry, and even an award at the Venice

Festival. Although japanese directors were getting known and the eastern productions evolving,

there was still a long path to cross. Thats when the New Wave came and showed how

audacious the directors in Japan could be. Filmmakers like Yasujiru Ozu, Akira Kurosawa,

Nagisa Oshima, Hiroshi Teshigahara and others were being able to produce with creative liberty,

such as the brazilians, while the Hollywood studios were still holding back most of their directors.

After the film industry was established in Japan, films based on Kabuki Theater were

being produced, along with stories about samurais in a general way. Only in 1930 Japan got the

spotlight in the worlds eyes, when the up to date society began to matter in scripts and screens.

This concern about society was not happening only in Japan, it was worldwide. In Brazil, movies

about migration, in the U.S., movies about the crash of 1929.

2.Main Questions

How did Brazil and Japan changed the way they made movies? Why that happened in

such similar artistic movements and how did these countries society and film industry

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encourage the making of these films?

With the present film industry growing in both Japan and Brazil, we have to take these

questions very seriously not only for commercial purpose, but to understand ourselves as a

society. Movies are a very good way to look at our past and to look at the way we see our past.

Understanding our film industry is understanding our society. The fact that these art movements

emerged simultaneously has to be considered and that must be a part of this study.

Brazil and Japan are very particular countries with very particular costumes, but they

always got along very well in international relations. The way both entered in new eras of cinema

and how they are seen by other countries is very excepcional and how their movies were made

may have the answer to why that is.

3. Methodology

The best way to comprehend all the movies and other material and put all into order is

Discourse Analysis. With this methodology, the author will be able to make deep interpretations

on the selected pieces for the study, pieces which will be selected among the most important

works of the subject in focus.

After this pre-selection, key works of film and texts will be separated and will go through

with the discourse analysis. That way the author can make the most of the interpretations and try

to answer the issues raised on item 2. It seems to be the most enjoyable methodology for thisproject, because its from the discourse extracted from the selected works, that the society and

the movie industry will be understood.

4.Justificative

As placed before in this project, Cinema is about who we are and how we see ourselves.

It has been considered the mirror of our societys. Japan and Brazil are very well related in more

aspects than we know, and this study is meant to understand one of these relations. The author

believes there is no better way of doing this study, other than in a japanese university. Also,

japanese culture must be greatly understood for this to work.

In japanese territory, it will be much easier for gathering work material, selection of

movies, not only live action, but also animations, because that cannot be excluded on a study

about cinema, Brazil and Japan. Both countries have great material on animation and that is a

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great part of their film industry.

This study must happen for society to understand why and how our filmmakers and our

film industry related the people that live in these two countries. Understanding how the New

Wave of japanese cinema emerged is essential for the understanding of how film industry in that

country is working in present date. The same goes for Brazil, and as the New Cinema and the

New Wave came almost at the same time, both can be understood as a group.

The relevence of this work for the film industry is very high. Brazil is going through a big

change in its movies, the way they are done and how things are being planned are changing very

fast. In Japan, there was always a dispute among filmmakers, while some made movies only

for japanese to like, others made movies from japan to hollywood, and still, several of both

kinds were copied by the hollywood industry.

The events placed above are happening to Japan and Brazil. The more knowledge you

produce on this subject, more directions will be found, for where to take this huge art industry.

Both brazilian and japanese movies are somewhat labeled because of their nationality, but with

the knowledge of how that came to be, it will be easier to controll it.

Therefore, this study may be a great way to keep thoughts about the seventh art growing,

as the film industry themselves. Put the spotlight on these films is a perfect way to encourage

national productions and to think new ways of making them. To look at the future, first we have to

look to our past. By doing this observation over two different nations might result in something

even better.

5.Bibliographic Reference

-XAVIER, Ismail. Cinema Brasileiro Moderno. Editora Paz e Terra. 2006

-SCHNEIDER, Steven Jay. 1001 movies you must see before you die. Editora Sextante.

2010.

-KEMP, Philip. Tudo Sobre Cinema. Editora Sextante. 2011.

-Wikipedia Article on Japanese New Wave. Link on 23/05/2013 -

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_New_Wave