UNIVERSITY

MAKERERE

FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF A WINDMILL TRANSMISSION

SYSTEM FOR PUMPING WATER AT LOW AND INTERMITTENT

WIND SPEEDS

A FINAL YEAR PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL

FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE

DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL

ENGINEERING OF MAKERERE UNIVERSITY

JONAH MUMBYA

05/U/564

May-2009

i

DECLARATION

I Jonah Mumbya declare that this report is original and that it has never been produced in

part or full by anyone for any award in any university, college and institution of learning.

Signature

Jonah Mumbya

Date.

We, the undersigned supervisors declare that this report fulfills the examiners requirements

for the award of a bachelors degree in Mechanical Engineering of Makerere University.

Supervisor

DR. KARIKO BUHWEZI

Senior Lecturer

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Faculty of Technology

Signature .

Date.

Co-supervisor

MR. PAUL ISAAC MUSASIZI

Assistant Lecturer

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Faculty of Technology

Signature .

Date.

ii

DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my late mother, may her soul rest in eternal peace

iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I have the pleasure and honor to thank the Almighty God for the gift of wonderful life he has

given me without which nothing would be done by me.

In addition, I would like to acknowledge the marvelous contribution made by the Italian Co-

operation towards this research by availing me with the simulation software that was a

prerequisite for the successful completion of this research.

Special thanks go to my supervisor Dr. Kariko B. Buhwezi for the advice and direction offered to

me during this research

I would also like to extend my many thanks to Mr. Paul Isaac Musasizi for the academic and

professional guidance offered to me during the entire research period from the word go.

Many thanks go to Mr. James Herzing the Product Support Engineer Autodesk Algor for all the

technical support he extended to me without which it would be difficult to realize the objectives

of this research.

Last but not least, I would like to especially thank my family members robina, agness, peter,

Charles and my dad for all the support psychological and financial that was rendered to enable

me finish this research, God bless you all.

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CONTENTS DECLARATION .................................................................................................................................... i

DEDICATION ....................................................................................................................................... ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................................................... iii

LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................................... vii

LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................. vii

LIST OF ACRONYMS ......................................................................................................................... x

ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................................... xi

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Background ............................................................................................................................ 1

1.2 Problem Statement ................................................................................................................. 2

1.3 Objectives ............................................................................................................................... 2

1.3.1 Main Objective ................................................................................................................. 2

1.3.2 Specific Objectives ............................................................................................................ 2

1.4 Justification ............................................................................................................................ 2

1.5 Scope ....................................................................................................................................... 3

1.6 Summary of Methodology ...................................................................................................... 3

1.7 Summary of Results ............................................................................................................... 3

1.8 Limitations ............................................................................................................................. 4

1.9 Ethical Considerations: .......................................................................................................... 4

1.10 Report Outline........................................................................................................................ 5

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ..................................................................................... 6

2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 6

2.2 Wind Resource ....................................................................................................................... 6

2.3 Wind Power ............................................................................................................................ 6

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2.4 Windmill ................................................................................................................................. 7

2.5 Windmill components ............................................................................................................ 7

2.6 Transmission System ............................................................................................................ 11

2.6.1 Belt Transmission Mechanism ......................................................................................... 11

2.6.2 Chain Drive Transmission Mechanism ............................................................................. 12

2.6.3 Gear Drive Transmission Mechanism .............................................................................. 13

2.6.4 Drive Shaft Mechanism ................................................................................................... 15

2.6.5 Crank Transmission Mechanism ...................................................................................... 16

2.7 Drag Devices ......................................................................................................................... 17

2.7.1 Torque ............................................................................................................................ 18

2.7.2 Power Coefficient ........................................................................................................... 19

2.7.3 Torque coefficient ............................................................................................................. 2

2.8 Hydraulic Power .................................................................................................................... 2

2.9 Transmission System Design and Modeling ........................................................................ 22

2.9.1 Physical Product Design .................................................................................................. 22

2.9.2 Computer Aided Drawing ................................................................................................ 22

2.10 Transmission System Testing............................................................................................... 22

2.10.1 Physical Testing .............................................................................................................. 22

2.10.2 Computer Simulation ...................................................................................................... 23

2.11 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 23

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................... 25

3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 25

3.2 Preliminary Design............................................................................................................... 25

3.3 Detailed Design ..................................................................................................................... 29

3.3.1 Wind Power .................................................................................................................... 29

vi

3.3.2 Rotational Shaft Speed .........................................................