ABSTRACTOur project is to estimate the road of Berasia and system considering little change in the original project. In our project we proposed economic consideration and other atmospheric consideration.METHODOLOGY: we consider a span of 800m length and 7.5 m width and estimate using SOR (Feb. 2013) and for designing consideration we use MORTH.RESULT: The total estimation of our project of 800m road is approximate 47 lacks.

Introduction We are engaged in providing our customers R.C.C Roads Construction services that are trusted by all. We deal in Road Construction in Dist-Bhopal tehsil Berasia as well as Road development in Bhopal. Coordinates: 2325N 7741E We manage to accomplish all the tasks within the prescribed time duration and thus have earned the trust of the clients for our R.C.C Roads Construction services. We are well established and the most reliable R.C.C Roads Construction service providers also dealing in sub-way construction in India. We understand the value of your money and therefore provide all our services at highly competitive prices. We offer all these services using the advanced technology to meet the needs of the clients in the best possible away.Roller-compacted concrete (RCC) or rolled concrete is a special blend of concrete that has essentially the same ingredients as conventional concrete but in different ratios, and increasingly with partial substitution of fly ash for Portland cement. RCC is a mix of cement/fly ash, water, sand, aggregate and common additives, but contains much less water. The produced mix is drier and essentially has no slump. RCC is placed in a manner similar to paving; the material is delivered by dump trucks or conveyors, spread by small bulldozers or specially modified asphalt pavers, and then compacted by vibratory rollers.

2. Site Survey and LevelingA site survey is an inspection of an area where work is proposed, to gather information for a design or an estimate to complete the initial tasks required for an outdoor activity. It can determine a precise location, access, best orientation for the site and the location of obstacles. The type of site survey and the best practices required depend on the nature of the project. Examples of projects requiring a preliminary site survey include urban construction, specialized construction (such as the location for a telescope and wireless network design).In hydrocarbon exploration, for example, site surveys are run over the proposed locations of offshore exploration or appraisal wells. They consist typically of a tight grid of high resolution (high frequency) reflection seismology profiles to look for possible gas hazards in the shallow section beneath the seabed and detailed bathymetric data to look for possible obstacles on the seafloor (e.g. shipwrecks, existing pipelines) using multiband echo sounders.Major Factor in Site Survey and Levelingheights, datums and bench marksleveling equipmentfield procedure for levelingcalculating reduced levelssources of error in levelingother leveling methods

2.1 Leveling how heights are definedEngineering surveying involves the measurement of three quantities; heights, angles and distances.2.2 Leveling it the process of measuring heights.It is possible when leveling to measure heights with an accuracy of millimeters Heights can also be measured using total stations, handheld lasers and GPS devices. However, leveling offers an inexpensive, simple and accurate method for measuring heights, and it is widely used in construction sites.

Any method of measuring the heights of points above or below the ground using an agreed datum.This datums or reference points are present in all construction sites and has an arbitrary height assigned to the point. Most construction sites will have several of these benchmarks, and if they have heights based on an arbitrary datum, they are known as Temporary Bench Marks.

2.2.1 HeightsHeights are defined using horizontal and vertical lines. The figure below shows a plumb- bob suspended at point P, the direction of gravity along the plumb-line defines the vertical at point P. A horizontal or level line is any line at right angles to this

For site work, any horizontal line can be chosen as a datum for heights and for Leveling. The height of a point is measured along the vertical above or below the chosen datum. The height of a point relative to a datum is known as its reduced level (RL).On most construction sites there is a permanent datum. The horizontal line or surface passing through this, with its height, becomes the leveling datum. The height of the datum can be arbitrary; a value often used for this is 100.000m. This is chosen to avoid any negative heights occurring. Any reference point on site which has had a height assigned to it is known as a bench mark. For most surveys and construction work, several bench marks would normally be established by leveling from the datum. If heights are based on an arbitrary datum these are known as Temporary Bench Marks or TBMs.2.2.2 Curved SurfacesLevel (or horizontal) lines are always at right angles to the direction of gravity. The direction of gravity is generally towards the center of the earth. Over large areas, as the Earth is curved, level surfaces will also be curved. For these, a height difference is measured along a vertical between two curved level surfaces.

When surveying over a large area, a curved level surface of zero height has to be defined. This has been established by the Ordnance Survey, this is called the Ordnance Datum (OD). This corresponds to the average sea level measured Pool beg or Malign Head. Heights based on these are known as OD heights.

2.3 The leveling staffLeveling involves measuring vertical distances with reference to a horizontal plane or surface. To do this, a leveling staff is needed to measure vertical distances and an instrument known as a level is required to define the horizontal plane.

Many types of staff are used with varying lengths and different markings. The E-type face is commonly used in the UK and Ireland. This can be read directly to 0.01m and by estimation to the nearest mm. The staff must be held vertically a circular bubble is sometimes fitted to help this.

2.4 Automatic Level

1. Focusing screw2. Eyepiece3. Foot screw6. Tangent screw7. Circular bubble

4. Horizontal circle5. Base plate8. Collimator (sight)9. Object lens

2.5 The main features of the telescope

1.Object lens2.Focusing screw3.Focusing lens4.Diaphragm5.EyepieceThe object lens, focusing lens, diaphragm and eye piece are all mounted on an optical axis called the line of collimation or the line of sight.This is an imaginary line which joins the optical center of the object lens to the center of the cross hairs.When looking through the eye piece of the surveying telescope, a set of lines called the cross hairs can be seen. These are used for taking measurements from the staff. These cross hairs are etched on a small sheet of glass known as the diaphragm.

To make the telescope work, the image of the staff is brought to a focus in the plane of the diaphragm using the focusing screw. The eyepiece is rotated so that the cross hairs are in focus and its focal point is also in the plane of the diaphragm. When looking into the telescope an observer will now see a magnified image of the leveling staff focused against the cross hairs.

2.6 ParallaxParallax occurs when the focusing screw and the eyepiece is done incorrectly. This condition can be detected by moving the eye to different parts of the eyepiece when reading the staff. If different readings are obtained then parallax is present

To remove parallax, hold a sheet of paper in front of the object and adjust the eyepiece so that the cross hairs are in focus. Then remove the sheet of paper and bring the staff into focus using the focusing screw. Once again check for parallax by moving your eye around the eyepiece. If parallax is still occurring repeat the adjustment procedure.

2.7 The compensatorIn an automatic level, the compensator is mounted on the telescope next to the eyepiece. It will only work when the instrument has been leveled to within about 15 of the vertical using the foot screws and circular bubble. The function of the compensator is to ensure that the line of sight viewed through the telescope is horizontal even if the telescope is tilted

2.8 Laser levels Laser levels contain a rotating laser which defines a visible horizontal plane from which distance to the ground can be made and then the height can be determined.

2.9 Using a levelThe following steps are taken when using a level to measure heights1.Set up the tripod2.Ensure the top is level3.Push legs firmly into the ground4.Attach level5.Use foot screws to centralize the circular bubble6.Test to see if the compensator is working7.Remove parallaxOnce the level is set up its important that the line of sight is horizontal. When the foot screws have been used to centralize the circular bubble, it is assumed that the compensator has set the line of sight to be horizontal.However, most levels are not in perfect adjustment and when leveled their line of sight is never exactly horizontal.If the line of sight is not horizontal when the instrument has been leveled, the level has a collimation error.As most levels will have some level of collimation error, a method is required to check ifthe error is within acceptable limits. This is known as a two-peg test. This needs to be conducted when using a new or different level for the first time and at regular intervals thereafter.

2.8.1 Two peg testStage 1On fairly level ground, two points A and B are marked a distance of Lm apart. In soft ground, two pegs are used, on hard surfaces nails or paint may be used. The level is set up midway between the points at C and carefully leveled. A leveling staff is placed at A and B and staff readings S1 (at B) and S2 (at A) are taken.

The two readings are:S1 = (S1 + x) and S2 = (S2 + x)S1 and S2 are the staff readings that would have been obtained if the line of collimation was horizontal, x is the error in each reading due to the collimation error, the effect of which is to tilt the line of sight by angle .Since AC = CB, the error x in the readings S1 and S2 will be the same. The difference between readings S1 and S2 gives:S1 - S2 = (S1 + x) (S2 + x) = S1 - S2This gives the true difference in height between A and B. This demonstrates that if a collimation error is present in a level, the effect of this cancels out when height differences are computed provided readings are taken over equal sighting distances.

Stage 2The level is then moved so that it is L/10m from point B at D and readings S3 and S4 are taken.

The difference between readings S3 and S4 gives the apparent difference in height between A and B. If the level is in perfect adjustment then: S1 S2 = S3 S4However this is not always the case and that an error term (e) needs to be estimatese = (S1 S2) (S3 S4) per LmThe difference between readings S3 and S4 gives the apparent difference in height between A and B. If the level is in perfect adjustment then: S1 S2 = S3 S4However this is not always the case and that an error term (e) needs to be estimatese = (S1 S2) (S3 S4) per Lm

3. Composition of concreteThere are manytypes of concreteavailable, created by varying the proportions of the main ingredients below. In this way or by substitution for the cementations and aggregate phases, the finished product can be tailored to its application with varying strength, density, or chemical and thermal resistance properties."Aggregate" consists of large chunks of material in a concrete mix, generally a coarse gravel or crushed rocks such aslimestone, orgranite, along with finer materials such as sand."Cement", commonlyPortland cement, and other cementations materials such asfly ashandslag cement, serve as a binder for the aggregate.Wateris then mixed with this dry composite, which produces a semi-liquid that workers can shape (typically by pouring it into a form). The concrete solidifies and hardens to rock-hard strength through achemical processcalledhydration. The water reacts with the cement, which bonds the other components together, creating a robust stone-like material."Chemical admixtures" are added to achieve varied properties. These ingredients may speed or slow down the rate at which the concrete hardens, and impart many other useful properties."Reinforcements" are often added to concrete. Concrete can be formulated with highcompressive strength, but always has lowertensile strength. For this reason it is usually reinforced with materials that are strong in tension (often steel)."Mineral admixtures" are becoming more popular in recent decades. The use of recycled materials as concrete ingredients has been gaining popularity because of increasingly stringent environmental legislation, and the discovery that such materials often have complementary and valuable properties. The most conspicuous of these arefly ash, a by-product ofcoal-fired power plants, andsilica fume, a byproduct of industrialelectric arc furnaces. The use of these materials in concrete reduces the amount of resources required, as the ash and fume act as a cement replacement. This displaces some cement production, an energetically expensive and environmentally problematic process, while reducing the amount of industrial waste that must be disposed of.Themix designdepends on the type of structure being built, how the concrete is mixed and delivered, and how it is placed to form the structure.3.1 Cement

A few tons of bagged cement. This amount represents about two minutes of output from a 10,000 ton per day cement kiln.Portland cement is the most common type of cement in general usage. It is a basic ingredient of concrete,mortarandplaster. English masonry workerJoseph Aspinpatented Portland cement in 1824. It was named because of the similarity of its color toPortland limestone, quarried from the EnglishIsle of Portlandand used extensively in London architecture. It consists of a mixture of oxides ofcalcium,silicon andaluminum. Portland cement and similar materials are made by heatinglimestone(a source of calcium) with clay and grinding this product (calledclinker) with a source ofsulfate(most commonlygypsum).In moderncement kilnsmany advanced features are used to lower the fuel consumption per ton of clinker produced. Cement kilns are extremely large, complex, and inherently dusty industrial installations, and have emissions which must be controlled. Of thevarious ingredientsused in concrete the cement is the most energetically expensive. Even complex and efficient kilns require 3.3 to 3.6 gigajoules of energy to produce a ton of clinker and thengrind it into cement. Many kilns can be fueled with difficult-to-dispose-of wastes, the most common being used tires. The extremely high temperatures and long periods of time at those temperatures allows cement kilns to efficiently and completely burn even difficult-to-use fuels.[24]

3.2 WaterCombiningwaterwith a cementations material forms a cement paste by the process of hydration. The cement paste glues the aggregate together, fills voids within it, and makes it flow more freely.[25]A lower water-to-cement ratio yields a stronger, more durable concrete, while more water gives a freer-flowing concrete with a higherslump.[26]Impure water used to make concrete can cause problems when setting or in causing premature failure of the structure.[27]Hydration involves many different reactions, often occurring at the same time. As the reactions proceed, the products of the cement hydration process gradually bond together the individual sand and gravel particles and other components of the concrete to form a solid mass.[28]Reaction: Cement chemist notation: C3S + H C-S-H + CHStandard notation: Ca3SiO5+ H2O (CaO)(SiO2)(H2O)(gel) + Ca(OH)2Balanced: 2Ca3SiO5+ 7H2O 3(CaO)2(SiO2)4(H2O)(gel) + 3Ca(OH)23.3 Aggregates

Fine and coarse aggregates make up the bulk of a concrete mixture.Sand, natural gravel andcrushed stoneare used mainly for this purpose. Recycled aggregates (from construction, demolition and excavation waste) are increasingly used as partial replacements of natural aggregates, while a number of manufactured aggregates, including air-cooledblast furnaceslag andbottom ashare also permitted.The presence of aggregate greatly increases the durability of concrete above that of cement, which is a brittle material in its pure state. Thus concrete is a true composite material. Redistribution of aggregates after compaction often creates inhomogeneity due to the influence of vibration. This can lead to strength gradients. Decorative stones such asquartzite, small river stones or crushed glass are sometimes added to the surface of concrete for a decorative "exposed aggregate" finish, popular among landscape designers.In addition to being decorative, exposed aggregate adds robustness to a concrete driveway.

4. Objectives4.1 Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana:As an effective poverty alleviation strategy, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) was launched in the year 2000, as a centrally sponsored Programme and a onetime special intervention. The primary objective of the Programme was to provide connectivity by way of All-weather roads to unconnected habitations with population 1000 and above by 2003 and those with population 500 and above by 2007 in rural areas. In respect of hilly/ desert/ tribal areas, the objective is to link habitations with population 250 and above. Up-gradation of selected rural roads to provide full farm to market connectivity is also an objective of the scheme, though not central. The Programme has since been implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India. The basic time frame for completion of the Programme was perceived to be 2007, however, because of constraints of capacity of implementation in the States and availability of funds, the targets of the program me have not been achieved so far. A brief description of the implementation strategy adopted by the Ministry of Rural Development during 10th and 11th Plan period under PMGSY is given below:(a) Decentralized Planning: The program me has implemented the model of decentralized network planning for rural roads. The District Rural Roads Plans (DRRPs) have been developed for all the districts of the country and Core Network has been drawn out of the DRRP to provide for at least a single connectivity to every target habitation. For prioritization of the yearly project proposals, the Comprehensive New Connectivity Priority List (CNCPL) and Comprehensive Up gradation Priority Lists (CUPL) are used. The CNCPL and CUPL have been developed from the core network data. This planning exercise has been carried out with full involvement of the three tier Panchayati Raj Institutions.(b) Standards and Specifications: Before the PMGSY, rural roads in India were being constructed on the basis of the specifications prescribed for the roads catering to the requirements of heavy traffic such as SH and MDRs etc. Separate specifications for the low volume/rural roads were not available, therefore, large scale revision of Rural Roads Manual, IRC SP: 20 were carried out by IRC at the special intervention of Ministry of Rural Development. This Manual has established the standards for construction of Rural Roads under this programme. As envisaged in the programme guidelines, later a dedicated Book of Specifications for Rural Roads was developed by IRC. A Standard Data Book to enable the States to prepare Schedules of Rates based on specifications has also been developed by IRC. The specifications form the part of the contract agreement and the Schedule of Rates developed by States on the basis of prescribed Standard Data Book is being used for preparation of bill of quantities in a uniform manner. These publications enabled the executing agencies to implement the programme with confidence based on technical parameters.(c) Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) and Scrutiny: As an important step to the quality output, for every road under the programme proper survey and adequate investigations are insisted. Detailed Project Report (DPR) is a pre-requisite for project clearance. Independent scrutiny of the project proposals to ensure the adequacy of designing and project preparation is carried out by over 50 prominent institutions of Engineering and Technology in the country, identified as State Technical Agencies.(d) Institutional Arrangements and HRD: Ministry of Rural Development is the nodal Ministry for implementation of the programme at Central level and National Rural Roads Development Agency has been constituted to provide technical and managerial support. At the State level, nodal departments have been identified for management and State Rural Roads Development Agencies have been constituted to implement the programme. District level Programme Implementation Units (PIUs) have been set up for implementing the programme. Reputed Technical Institutions have been identified as Principal Technical Agencies and State Technical Agencies to provide support to the programme in matters of project scrutiny, training and R&D. Central Roads Research Institute, Indian Roads Congress and other premier institutions have also joined hands with NRRDA and the Ministry to provide support on matters relating to standards, technology and other relevant aspects. The programme has adequate provisions for providing large scale training not only to managers and engineers involved in programme implementation but also to the field level functionaries like skilled workmen, roller drivers and machine operators.Dedicated and specialized institutions with clear responsibility at every level have provided focused attention to the programme implementation. The HRD interventions have given opportunity to the personnel at the field as well as management level to develop better understanding about various aspects associated with the programme which has ultimately helped the programme implementation.(e) Procurement Process: The States are responsible for execution of works under the programme but it was found that the procurement process prevalent in some of the States were not in tune with the requirements in particular reference to quality and timely completion of work. When the programme is centered on quality, it is very essential that a transparent procurement process should be in place which could ensure timely completion of work with defined quality standards. Therefore, Standard Bidding Document based on best national and international practices has been developed for procurement of works under the PMGSY. All the works under the programme are tendered on the basis of the Standard Bidding Document. In addition to distinct advantages, this process has enabled the executing agencies in taking up works from qualified Contractors with adequate capacity and has helped in ensuring quality by deployment of appropriate machinery, technical manpower and testing laboratories.(f) Quality Assurance: A three tier quality mechanism has been operationalized to ensure quality of road works during construction. The first tier quality standards are enforced through in-house mechanism by establishing field laboratories and carrying out mandatory tests. NRRDA has developed Quality Control Handbook to help the field staff in ensuring proper field and laboratory testing. It was felt that mere carrying out prescribed tests is not enough but the recording of results and making them available to the supervisory officers is also important. For this purpose, Quality. Control Registers have been prescribed to ensure systematic recording of test results under this tier. (g) Maintenance: The contract provides for defect liability for 5 years after construction along with routine maintenance for 5 years by the same contractor. There is a provision of two bills of quantities, one for construction and another for routine maintenance on lump-sum basis amount every year for 5 years and the contactor is required to offer not only for construction but also for maintenance separately. This provision is to help in delivery of better quality roads because if the quality of road is compromised by the contractor during construction, much more money would be required during the routine maintenance rendering the contract uneconomical for the contractor.1. The objectives of this research focused on four areas:

2. Conduct of a structural analysis of the overlay and widening unit contributions to stress reductions and extended pavement life of the composite pavement.3. Development of construction guidelines for construction of thin concrete overlays and widening units and a catalog of designs employed.4. Development of an overlay design procedures for thin PCC overlays and widening units. 5. Validation of the structural analysis and design procedure with field load tests and strain measures for the various pavement layers of the existing two material/layer pavements.Most Indian roads are presently not being built with the right choice of material. The two major types of materials used in road construction in the country are bitumen based roads and those made of concrete. Only a very small share of all roads in the country is made of concrete, despite its superiority on many counts as a medium for road building. Concrete roads by themselves offer tremendous advantages over conventional bitumen roads in both operational and financial terms. These advantages are well known and repeated in every seminar or conference on concrete roads. The most salient of these advantages are durability and relative freedom from maintenance which go to offer substantial long term economies in our cash strapped cities. The cement and concrete industry as well as the machinery and equipment suppliers and road construction agencies are ready to meet all the challenges of helping build world class roads.

5. Major Activities

1. Formation cutting2. Sub-grade preparation3. Base course & black topping4. Construction of RCC Road5. Shoulder6. Permanent works1. Formation cutting Slope Gradient Geometric Disposal of spoil

5.1 Formation CuttingIn civil engineering, a cut or cutting is where soil or rock material from a hill or mountain is cut out to make way for a canal, road or railway line. In cut and fill construction it keeps the route straight and/or flat, where the comparative cost or practicality of alternate solutions (such as diversion) is prohibitive. Contrary to the general meaning of cutting, a cutting in construction is mechanically excavated or blasted out with carefully placed explosives. The cut may only be on one side of a slope, or directly through the middle or top of a hill. Generally, a cut is open at the top (otherwise it is a tunnel). A cut is (in a sense) the opposite of an embankment.

5.2 Sub-Grade Preparation In order to maintain stable and durable sub-grade, uniform consolidation to be incorporated Sub-grade act as a cushion for other layers i.e. In order to achieve durable road sub-grade should be strong. Maintain proper Camber

5.3 BASE COURSE & BLACK TOPPINGType I (Old)Base course = 150 + 100 = 250mm thickness150mm = 40-63mm, (Rolling)100mm = 20-50mm, (Rolling)Premix = 25mm + blinding material (Rolling by applying water)Sand Seal coatResurfacing: 20mm Type II (New)Granular Sub-Base (GSB) coarse graded (70mm below)Wet Mix Macadam (WMM) (40 mm, 20 mm, 10 mm & Soil) mix with waterConcrete 20mm

5.4 Construction of RCC Road

5.4.1 Tie bars

5.4.1Forms, Steel form

6 . Road Construction and MaintenanceRCC Road materials, test and construction practicesRoutine maintenance, periodic maintenanceCommon causes of failure, long life roadsThe Road Construction ProcessThe type of road construction used varies from one job to another. The type of construction adopted for a particular road depends on: the volume and nature of traffic to use the road, The nature of the materials available, The topography, Foundation conditions, Type and availability of construction equipment, and Financing arrangements and timing.Any road construction job consists of number of basic steps, although the relevant importance and the interaction between these steps will vary from job to job. These steps can be summarized as:6 .1 Planning, programming and preconstruction activities; site clearance; setting out; earthworks; bridge construction; drainage structures; pavement construction; placement of road surfacing; placement of road furniture; and Landscaping.

6.2 Earthworks properly The eventual aim of the earthworks phase of the construction is to position the subgrade underlying the pavement layers in the right location and at the correct level, and to provide drainage. The operations to be performed are: formation of cuttings by excavating through high ground, formation of embankments by filling over low ground, shaping the finished surface to design levels, and excavating for drainage works. The earthworks is often the largest task in the road building process and therefore careful planning and organization are essential. Speed and efficiency depend very much upon the quantity and types of earthmoving plant available.6.3 Sequence of OperationsThe normal sequence of operations in cut and fills work is:6.3.1 In Cut excavate to the depth necessary to reach formation level, transport away from the site undesirable material such as organic soils, haul suitable materials from cuts to fill areas, and suitably dispose of any excess cut material.

6.3.2 In Filldrain water from depressions and dispose of any unsuitable underlying material, spread fill material in horizontal layers not more than 250 mm thick, and thoroughly compact these layers to required density.6.4 Pavement ConstructionGravel and Crushed Rock Pavements Source: pits, quarries. Haulage: trucks. Spreading: grader or paver.Compaction: higher compaction standard than subgrade different roller types used.Accuracy of levels important. Asphalt Pavements Manufacture: fixed plants (up to 400 tones per hour), or large mobile plants. Haulage: trucks. Placement: paving machine. Compaction: rollers smooth vibrating drum and pneumatic tyred.6.5 Cement Concrete Pavements Manufacture: ready mixed batching Haulage: agitator truck plant. Large quantities: site manufacture + normal trucks. Placement: slip form paver. Compaction: internal vibrators + external screeds May be gravel, sprayed bituminous seal, and asphalt or cement concrete.

Quantities and Estimate DETAILS OF MEASURMENT AND CALCULATION OF QUANTITIESSL. No.Particular itemsLengthBreadthHeightQuantity

1.

Surveying dag belling etc..800m800m

2. Earth work for clearance of road constructing area.800m10m8000sqm.

3. Earth work for levelling ground800m9m0.05m360cum

4. Earth work excavation For Filling sub-grade.800m8m0.10m640cum

Dismantling of structures

5.Dismantling of stone pitching / dry stone spalls800m8m0.1640cum

Metalling

6.Grading 1 (90-45mm)800m8m0.10m640cum

7.Grading 2 (63-45mm )800m7.50.075m450cum

Construction of shoulders

1. 8Earthen shoulder(have 2 no.s)800m1.8750.15m450cum

2. 9Hard shoulder(have 2 no.s)800m1.8750.10m300cum

Paving courses

3. 10Base course800m3.75m0.2m600cum

4. 11Surface course800m3.75m0.05m150cum

ABSTRACT COSTSl. No.Particular items of workQuantityUnitRateRs. PPerAmount Rs. P

1. Surveying dag belling etc.. for single lane800M6600Km5280

2. Earth work for clearance of road constructing area.8000Sqm35090Hectare28072

3. Earth work for levelling ground360Cum109Cum39240

4. Earth work excavation For Filling sub-grade.640Cum109Cum69760

5. Dismantling of stone pitching / dry stone spalls640Cum165Cum105600

Metalling

6. Grading 1 (90-45mm)640Cum599Cum383360

7. Grading 2 (63-45mm)450Cum605Cum272250

Shoulders

8. Earthen shoulder450Cum186Cum83700

9. Hard shoulder300Cum223Cum66900

ROLLED COMPACTED CONCRETE

10. Base course600Cum2717Cum1630200

11. Surface course150Cum2407Cum361050

Total3046012

12. Labour charge40% of the Total Amount1218404.8

Total4264416.8

13. Supervision charge and establishment10% of the total amount426441.68

Grand total4690858.48

Grand total of the whole cost of the RCC road=Rs. 4690858.48/-~= 47 lacks

CONCLUSIONThe project, designing of RCC Road for a minor Road 800 Meter is the consequence of prestigious RCC Road project. In the construction course of RCC Road, a four lane road way has to be extended to six lanes, to avoid the occurrence of traffic problems. The minor RCC Road in this course also has to be extended.We took existing RCC Road as an example and designed retaining wall for the six lane road way. Each section has been analysed for failure against sliding, overturning, tension and bearing capacity. After doing trials for many sections, we got a section satisfying all the safety conditions, approximating the standard dimensions of gravity RCC Road.The location of minor bridge being in rocky strata, with mushroom soil, we got a high bearing capacity value. Taking this as a reference, we also designed two economical sections- with reduced dimensions. Hence, apart from the main modified section other two sections can also be considered to make the project economical, which is the main philosophy behind the project.

REFFERENCEFor the designing of RCC road, we refer MORTH which is Ministry Of Road Transport and Highway. This is suggested by Er. Sanjeev Kumar Gautam Sir (PWD RES Department Sub Engineer), who also guide us in this project. We have collected few data from the original project. Then we also refer the book SOR schedule of rates for the estimating and costing. And refer the Wikipedia for the unknown details for the making of the project.

Estimation of RCC Road

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INDEX ABSTRACT11.Introduction22. Site Survey and Leveling32.1 Leveling how heights are defined42.2 Leveling it the process of measuring heights.42.3 The leveling staff72.4 Automatic Level92.5 The main features of the telescope102.6 Parallax122.7 The compensator132.8 Laser levels143. Composition of concrete183.1 Cement193.2 Water203.3 Aggregates204. Objectives224.1 Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana:225. Major Activities265.1 Formation Cutting275.2 Sub-Grade Preparation285.3 BASE COURSE & BLACK TOPPING295.4 Construction of RCC Road306 . Road Construction and Maintenance326 .1 Planning, programming and preconstruction activities;326.2 Earthworks properly336.3 Sequence of Operations336.4 Pavement Construction346.5 Cement Concrete Pavements34Quantities and Estimate35CONCLUSION40REFFERENCE41