Project Mgt and Life Cycle
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Transcript of Project Mgt and Life Cycle
8/2/2019 Project Mgt and Life Cycle
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/project-mgt-and-life-cycle 1/29
Project Management
and Life Cycle
8/2/2019 Project Mgt and Life Cycle
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The Two End Points in a Project
Inspiration
Operation
A miracle occurs
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Some consider planning to be
miraculous
• Why do planning?
– Time constraints
– Budget constraints
– Personnel constraints – Physical Constraints
– Flight Constraints
– Any and all of above
• Provides structure to “think the problem through”
increasing likelihood of project success
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Purpose of Project Management• Ensure meeting the project objectives within the
allocated schedule & budget
– Communication
– Meetings
– Reviews
– Authorization
– Record Keeping
– Monitoring (testing)
– Interface Control
• Not for assigning blame (usually)
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Example Management FlowACES Program
Team Lead
Science Lead Payload Lead Business Lead
GroundSoftware
DataAnalysis
Results
Procurement
Accounting
SciencePayload
Flight Segment
InterfaceControl
MissionOps
SpacecraftIntegration
FlightSoftware
Integration &Testing
InterfaceControl
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The Project Life Cycle
• Phases that all projects go through from inceptionto completion
DESIGN
DEVELOPMENT
FABRICATION
INTEGRATION
TESTING
OPERATION
PDR
CDR
FRR
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The Design Phase
• “Paper” study of all issues including the following:
– Define Objectives
–
Understand Constraints – Identify all subsystems & interfaces
– Design hardware
– Identify parts, costs & availability
– Determine personnel needs
– Establish schedule
– Develop plan to achieve objectives
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Preliminary Design Review (PDR)
• Organized by the ACES Program
• Results from your design phase
•
Should show that you have “thought theproblem through”
• Include written report and oral presentation
•
PDR reviews will occur on Feb. 27, 2003• More on PDR next week
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The Development Phase
• Detailed in-depth study including
– Test hardware concepts by prototyping
– Finalize designs
– Purchase long lead items (identified at PDR) – Establish interface controls
– Complete fabrication plan
–
Finish integration & test plans – Complete operations & data analysis plans
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Critical Design Review
(CDR)
• Organized by the ACES Program
• Results from your development phase
•
Determines whether you are ready to beginbuilding your payload
• Include written report and oral presentation
•
Precise date should be identified during PDR
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Payload Construction Phases
• Parts procurement
• Fabrication
– Construct subsystems, test, fix, retest
• Integration
– Assemble subsystems, test, fix, retest
•
Testing – Payload qualification testing, fix, retest
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Flight Readiness Review
(FRR)
• Organized by the ACES Program
• Results from your construction phase
– Particularly qualification testing
• Determines whether you are ready to
participate in launch operations
•
Include written report and oral presentation• FRR will occur on May 1, 2003
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Operations & Analysis
• Interface with launch team
• Prepare payload for launch
•
Monitor during flight• Collect & analyze data
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Program Schedule Constraint
Design 1/21 – 2/26
PDR 2/27
Development 2/28 – 3/26
CDR 3/27 (flexible)
Construction, Integration,
Testing
3/28 – 4/30
FRR 5/1
Operations 5/18 – 5/22
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Other Project Constraints
• Budget Constraint
– $500 per team
• Personnel Constraint
–
3 members per team• Physical Constraint
– Weight 1 kilogram
– 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm or “Coke can” size
• Flight Constraints – Shock, Thermal, Duration, Altitude
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 16
The Project Phases
•
All projects complete roughly the same phases from inceptionto completion
OPERATION
DESIGN PDR
DEVELOPMENT CDR
FABRICATION
INTEGRATION
TESTINGFRR
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 17
The Design Phase
• Little to no hardware testing or prototyping
• Define science goals and objectives
• System level design (subject of Lecture 3)
–
System requirements derived from goals and objectives – Identify major subsystems and interfaces
• Concept hardware and software design – Derived from system requirements and constraints
– Identify parts, costs & availability
• Establish tasks, schedule, resource needs and plans forremaining phases of life-cycle
• Develop preliminary risk assessment & management plan
• Phase terminates with Preliminary Design Review (PDR)
“Paper” study of all issues to establish major concepts and plans
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 18
The Development Phase - 1
• Test concepts by prototyping
– Not building flight hardware
– Used to gain information necessary to refine or
finalize a design
– Applies to structure, electronics, sensors and
software
• Finalize hardware & software design
–
Complete system design – Define interfaces and develop appropriate Interface
Control Documents (ICD)
– Complete detailed design
Design
Prototype
Test
Complete
Design
Detailed in-depth study when all design components are finalized
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 19
The Development Phase - 2
•
Purchase long lead items (identified at PDR)• Finalize plans for pre-flight phases
– Fabrication, integration, calibration and testing
– Tasks, schedule, procedures, resource needs, costs
• Update risk assessment & management plan
– Preliminary plan should already be in use for tracking and
mitigating risks during development
•
Develop preliminary mission operations & dataanalysis plan
• Phase terminate with Critical Design Review (CDR)
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 20
The Fabrication Phase
Training
Integration
Thermal Test
QA / QC Assembly
Order Parts
Inspect/Test
• Parts procurement
– Test that parts satisfy flight
requirements before assembly
• Assemble hardware & software subsystems – Training may be required for particular assemblies
– Fabricate component with qualified parts
– If part fails initial inspection and testing, return to
assembly for rework / fixing
– If part fails thermal testing return to assembly for
rework / fixing
• Once complete move to integration
Implement construction of flight components
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 21
The Integration Phase
• Make sure all parts fit together, if not
then rework
• Make sure power system is delivering
proper voltage and current
• Connect electronics and sensors
• Install software and run
• Fix issues before proceeding to system
testing
Fit Check
System
Testing
Integrate Fix
Test
Subassemblies are put together to make the finalpackage
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 22
The System Testing Phase
Payload flight certification
Functional
Test
FRR
Fix
Calibration
Thermal Test
Pressure Test
Shock Test
Check
Calibration
• Integrated payload must first be fully functional
• Calibration values are determined
– Sensors, ADC gain, timing
• Payload must function correctly during
thermal, pressure & shock testing – If not, fix and begin again
– If OK, then validate calibrations
• Test and test data must be documented
• Proceed to Flight Readiness Review
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 23
Mission Operations & Data Analysis
(MO&DA)
• Mission Operations plan includes the following
– Sequence of operations to prepare payload for vehicle integration
– Sequence of operations to prepare payload for launch
– Flight profile requirements
– Operations, commanding, contingencies during flight
– Recovery handling and operations
• Data Analysis plan describes what happens to the flight
data – Flight data handling, processing and analysis sequence
– Specify data required from vehicle
Operate payload during flight & obtain scienceresults
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 24
Process Flow During Life Cycle
• Effort focus changes as a function of phase – Design can be highly theoretical involving simulations and
calculations
– Development involves “experiments” and testing concepts to gaininformation necessary for the design
– Fabrication, Integration, and System testing requires skilledtechnical help to realize the design in hardware and software
– MO&DA requires “scientists” to direct the proper use of thepayload and to turn the data into science results
• Resource needs and costs changes as a function of phase
– Design requires no hardware and few personnel
– Development costs increase a bit with some prototyping
– Major cost in personnel and hardware is in fabrication, integrationand testing
– MO&DA drops down to no hardware and few personnel
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 25
Project Risk Management
“The essence of project management is risk management”
• Probability of a disaster decreases during the life of a project
• Cost to recover from a problem increases during the project
Catch & correct problems early!
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 26
Project Milestones
•
There are three major reviews during the project• Preliminary Design Review (PDR)
– Follows design phase
• Critical Design Review (CDR)
– Follows development phase
• Flight Readiness Review (FRR)
– Prior to flight
• The team must prepare written documents andoral presentations for each review
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 27
Preliminary Design Review (PDR)
•
The PDR should cover results from your design phaseincluding:
– Goals & objectives
– Preliminary System design
– Concept hardware & software design
– Tasks, schedule, resource needs, long-lead items
– Preliminary risk assessment & management plan
• Should show that you have “thought the problem
through”
• Include written document and oral presentation
– Format of document will be discussed in Lecture 8
• A member of the LA ACES Project will attend and
participate in the PDR
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 28
Critical Design Review (CDR)
•
The CDR should cover results from your developmentphase including:
– Resolving issues identified during the PDR
– Prototyping results and “proven” designs
– Completed system design and defined interfaces
– Finalize tasks, schedule, procedures and costs
– Updated risk assessment & management plan
– Preliminary MO & DA plan
• Determines whether you are ready to begin building your
payload• Include written report and oral presentation
• Precise date for CDR should be identified during PDR
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LSU 01/18/2005 Project Life Cycle 29
Flight Readiness Review (FRR)
•
The FRR reviews all aspects of your payload – Documentation of as-built configuration
– Is payload safe?
– Will payload perform properly?
– Does payload satisfy the flight constraints?
• The FRR will determine whether you are allowed to attachyour payload to the flight vehicle!
• Written FRR document sent to LA ACES Project 2 weeksbefore flight
•
Oral FRR presentation during the launch trip• Details about what is expected during the FRR are
provided in Ballooning Unit, Lecture 5