Project Management

Since the beginning of the civilization

Pyramids, The great wall of China, Taj Mahal

Various techniques, methodologies

“Project Management”

Project

Is a group of unique, inter related activities that are planned and executed in certain sequence to create a unique product or service, within a specific time frame, budget and the clients specifications.

PMI: A temporary Endeavour undertaken to CREATE a unique product or service.

British Standard 6079 of 1996 {BS 6079}

A unique set of coordinated activities with definite starting and finishing points undertaken by an individual o organization to meet specific objectives within the defined schedule, cost and performance parameters

Redesigning or relocating a production facilityImplementing a management information systemConstructing a national highwayOrganizing the OlympicsConstructing a dam for better irrigation facilities

Project CharacteristicsUnique activitiesAttainment of a specific goalSequence of activitiesSpecified timeInterrelated activities

Project ParametersScopeQualityTimeCostresources

Relationship between Project Parameters

Scope and Quality TIME, COST and AVAILABILITY

Person or Group

Project parameter controlled

Management Cost and resource level

Project manager

Resource level and work schedule

Client Scope, quality and delivery dates

Stakeholders control over Project Parameters

Classification of Projects

ProjectCharacteristics

Class I Class II Class III Class IV

Time span 18 months or more

Between 9 to 18 months

Between 3 to 9 months

3 months or less

Level of risk High Medium Low Very low

Level of complexity High Medium Low Very low

Probability of problems 100% 50% 10% N0 risk

ProgrammePMI, “A PROGRAMME IS A GROUP OF PROJECTS MANAGED IN A COORDINATED WAY TO OBTAIN BENEFITS NOT AVAILABLE FROM MANAGING THEM INDIVDUALLY”

ISRO – PSLV, GSLV programmes

Suppose company ABC’s business objective is to increase its revenue from Rs.10 crore to Rs. 25 crore in three years.

Programme Project 1 – Enhance existing productProject 11 – Launch a basic version followed by an enhanced productProject 111 – Decrease the delivery timeProject 1V – Increase the quality and decrease defects

Project ManagementA SYSTEM OF PROCEDURES, PRACTICES TECHNOLOGIES AND KNOW-HOW THAT ENABLES THE PLANNING, ORGANIZING, STAFFING CONTROLLING AND DIRECTING NECESSARY TO SUCCESSFULLY MANAGE APROJECT

PMI “Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities in order to meet or exceed stakeholder needs and expectations”

PURCHING

MARKTNg

FINANCE

OPERATNS

Line / Functional Managers

Board of Directors

Project Manager

Project Organizational Structure

PROJECT MANAGEMENT LINE MANAGEMENT

To develop a unique product or process and manage change

To manage existing systems and services in an organization

Performed under changing work environment Performed under a stable environment with defined roles and tasks

The line of authority is confusing Authority is well defined in the management system

Performed as one time initiative conducted in a relatively short time

It’s a process of continuous refinement and evolution in the long run

Novel set of activities Routine set of activities

Responsible for activities involving various functions

Responsible for activities in one function

Activities relate to innovation Activities relate to maintenance

Project organization structure is limited to the life of the project

The organization structure is permanent

Success of project is judged on its ability to meet project goals

Success of a division is judged on its ability to achieve interim goals

Involves managing many risk variables Risk is relatively less

Project Management Environment

Project StakeholdersPMI, “Are individuals and organizations who are actively involved in the project or whose interest may be positively or negatively affected as a result of project execution or successful project completion”

Directly related to the projectWho can influence the physical, organizational, technological, socioeconomic, legal and political environmentWho have an authoritative relation to the projectPersons, groups and associations that have a stake in the project

Types of StakeholdersProject ManagerCustomersProject team membersSponsorParent organization

Organizational InfluencesOrganizational SystemsOrganizational Culture and StyleOrganizational Structure

INITIATE

State the Problem

Identify projectGoals

List the Objectives

DeterminePreliminaryResources

Identify Assumptions and Risks

CLOSE

Obtain client acceptance

Install Deliverables

Document theProject

Issue theFinalProject

ConductPost –Implementationaudit

PLAN

IdentifyProjectActivities

Estimate Time and cost

Sequence Project activities

IdentifyCritical Activities

Write project proposal

ORGANIZE

Determine personnel needs

Recruit project manager

Recruit project team

Organize project team

Assign work packages

CONTROL

Define management Style

Establishcontrol tools

Prepare status reports

Review project schedule

Issue changeorders

INITIATE

ProjectOverview

CLOSE

Final report

Audit report

PLAN

WBS

ProjectNetwork

Critical path

Project proposal

ORGANIZE

RecruitmentCriteria

Work packageDescription

Workpackageassignments

CONTROL

VarianceReports

Status reports

Staff Allocationreports