Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
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Transcript of Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 1
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [Adaptive Frequency Hopping - An instant channel replacement approach for both ACL and SCO]Date Submitted: [September, 2001]Source: [H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, B. Treister, E. Skafidas, et. al.] Company [Bandspeed Inc.]Address [Level 9, 500 Collins Street, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia]Voice:[61 3 9614 6299 , FAX: [61 3 9614 6699]E-Mail:[h.gan, b.treister, [email protected]]
Re: [A new simple approach for adaptive frequency hopping]
Abstract: [This document describes a new simple approach for adaptive frequency hopping, an instant channel replacement to intelligently use bad channels in the hopping sequence]
Purpose: [Introducing a new approach for adaptive frequency hoping to include in 802.15.2]
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 2
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
Adaptive Frequency Hopping (AFH) - A Simple Instant Channel Replacement
Approach for both ACL and SCO
Hongbing Gan, Vitaliy Sapozhnykov, Bijan Treister, Stan Skafidas, et. al.
Bandspeed Inc.
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 3
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
Definition of Channel Pair A channel pair is comprised of two channels:
• First channel, Master Tx/Slave Rx channel, at even-numbered timeslot
• Second channel, Slave Tx/Master Rx, ie, Slave return channel, at odd-numbered timeslot
f1
f2
Master Tx Rx Tx Rx
Slave Rx Tx Rx Tx
f3
f4
Channel Pair Channel Pair
Even-numbered Timeslot
Even-numbered Timeslot
Odd-numbered Timeslot
Odd-numbered Timeslot
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 4
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
Definitions • N: Total number of hopping channels• Nmin: Minimum number of channels to be used, set by regulations such as FCC • G: Good channel• B: Bad channel• BN: Bad channel to be removed legally from the hopping
sequence • BK: Bad channel to keep in the hopping sequence
• NG, NB, NBN, NBK: Number of good channel, Number of bad
channel, Number of bad channel to remove, Number of bad channel to keep, respectively
• N = NG + NB
• NB = BK + BN
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 5
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
AFH Covers All Possible Channel Classification Scenarios
• Scenario 1:
• BN = 0, Bk > 0, all Bad channels are kept, the AFH intelligently use BK in the new hopping sequence
• Scenario 2:
• BN > 0, BK > 0, the AFH replaces BN with good channels G or BK, and intelligently use BK in the new hoping sequence
• Scenario 3: (Ideal scenario)
• BN > 0, BK = 0, all Bad channels are replaced with Good channels in the new hopping sequence
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 6
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
AFH Covers All the Traffic TypesType Traffic Type Priority if Mixed
AFH Instant Channel Replacement (ICR) Approach
1 1 ACL Standard, as described in 01/435r0 2 1 HV1 Standard, as described in 01/435r0 3 1 HV2 Fit Best ICR, described in this document4 2 HV2 Standard, as described in 01/435r0 5 1 HV3 Fit Best ICR, described in this document6 2 HV3 Fit Best ICR, described in this document7 3 HV3 Standard, as described in 01/435r0 8 Non Standard, as described in 01/435r0 9 ACL higher Fit Best ICR, described in this document10 SCO higher Fit Best ICR, described in this document11 Non Standard, as described in 01/435r0 12 ACL higher Fit Best ICR, described in this document13 SCO higher Fit Best ICR, described in this document14 Non Standard, as described in 01/435r0 15 ACL higher Fit Best ICR, described in this document16 SCO higher Fit Best ICR, described in this document
1 HV2 + ACL
1 HV3 + ACL
2 HV3 + ACL
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 7
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
AFH Approach 1
- Standard Instant Channel Replacement (Standard ICR)
(Details in IEEE 802.15 Document 01/435r0, 01/438r0)
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 8
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
Principle of Standard ICR
G G G B B G B BOriginal
Pass BlockedBlockedRe-transmission
G G G G B B B BNew
Pass BlockedBlockedPass
• Original ‘Good Good’ and ‘Bad Bad’ channel pairs are kept in their original positions in the hopping sequence
• ‘Good Bad’ channel pairs are instantly replaced to ‘Good Good’ channel pairs
• ‘Bad Good’ channel pairs are instantly replaced to ‘Bad Bad’ channel pair
• Throughput improved due to newly created ‘Good Good’ channel pairs
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 9
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
Principle of Standard ICR For each channel pair, starting from Master Tx channel: Removing BN by replacing it with a randomly selected G
or BK, to maintain equal usage of G and BK
Whenever Master Tx channel is OR replaced to G, replace the Slave return channel to G if it is BN or BK originally, to form a ‘G G’ channel pair and secure a transaction
Whenever Master Tx channel is OR replaced to BK, replace the Slave return channel to BK if it is BN or G originally, to form a ‘BK BK’ channel pair, to remove BN and save a usage of G
Channel replacement on a per channel pair basis
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 10
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
Standard ICR Processing Table
• When NO BK, Case 1, 3 ,4, 6 are processed
• When NO BN, Case 1, 2, 10, 11 are processed
Replacing Case
Master Tx channel
Slave Return Channel
1 G G2 G BK
3 G BN
4 BN G5 BN BK
6 BN BN
7 BN G8 BN BK
9 BN BN
10 BK G11 BK BK
12 BK BN
Channel pair in original hopping sequence
Master Tx channel
Slave Return Channel
G GG GG GG GG GG GBK BK
BK BK
BK BK
BK BK
BK BK
BK BK
Channel pair after replacement of BN and intelligent use of BK
In case Master TX BN replaced with a BK
In case Master TX BN replaced with a G
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 11
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
Example Portion of Original and AFH Hopping Sequence
G G G BK G BN G GBN BNBN BKBN G
BK G BK BN BK BK BN GG GBN GG BK
G G G G G G G GG GG GG G
BK BK BK BK BK BK G GG GBK BKG G
In this example, 7 more ‘Good Good’ channel pairs are created
AFH
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 12
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
Flowchart A:Used for Master Tx/Slave Rx timeslots, i.e., Even-numbered timeslot
W hat k ind of channel ? G , B K or B N
Standard H opping channelse lection kernel
G
B kB N
S electing a good channe lG or B K random ly
M aster TxS lave R x
M aster TxS lave R x
M aster Tx*S lave R x
* A s the m aster knows it's abad channe l, it can e ither:- N ot to transm it in th istim eslo t- T ransm it a short packetw ithout tra ffic , such as P O LL- D ecrease Tx power
O utputs a channe l
Using thereplaced goodchannel
Using the channeld irectly
G G
B k
M aster Tx*S lave R x
B k
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 13
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
Flowchart B:
Used for Slave Tx/Master Rx timeslots, i.e., Odd-numbered timeslot W hat k ind o f channe l
? G , B K o r B N
Standard H opping channelselection kernel
G
B kB N
G ood C hannel BankKept Bad C hannel Bank
(A ll B K)
S lave T xM aster R X
B k (p revious)W hat k ind o f channel inprevious tim eslot?
G , or B K
W hat k ind o f channel inprevious tim eslot?
G , or B K
W hat k ind o f channel inprevious tim eslot?
G , or B K
G (p revious)
Selecting a goodchannel random ly from
G ood C hannel Bank
Selecting a bad channelrandom ly from Kept Bad
C hannel Bank
G B k G G B k
Output a Channel
S lave T x*M aster R X
B k(previous)
G(p revious)
S lave T xM aster R X
Selecting a bad channelrandom ly from Kept Bad
C hannel Bank
B k
S lave T x*M aster R X
U sing the se lectedgood channe l
U sing the se lectedbad channe l
U sing the ou tpu tchanne l d irectly
U sing the se lectedbad channe l
B k (p revious)G
(p revious)
Selecting a goodchannel random ly from
G ood C hannel Bank
S lave T xM aster R X
S lave T x*M aster R X
U sing the se lectedgood channe l
U sing the ou tpu tchanne l d irectly
*A s the p revious M aster T x channe l isB k as w e ll, S lave rece ived incorrectly,o r no th ing is transm itted from M aster,S o a t th is s lave re tu rn tim eslo t, no th ingw ill be re tu rned to M aster
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 14
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
AFH Approach 2
- ‘Fit Best’ Instant Channel Replacement (Fit Best ICR)
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 15
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
General Principle of Fit Best ICR• For HV2 and HV3:
– Fit the best channels to channel pairs of the reserved SCO Timeslots
• For mixed SCO + ACL:– Fit the best channels to channel pairs of the
reserved SCO Timeslots, if SCO has higher priority
– Fit the best channels to channel pairs of the ACL Timeslots, if ACL has higher priority
– Use Standard ICR if neither ACL nor SCO has higher priority
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 16
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
Mixed SCO (HV2, HV3) and ACL Links
T R T RT RT R T R T R
T R T RT RT R T R T R
HV2
HV3
HV2HV2ACL ACLACL
ACL ACLACL ACLHV3
HV2 reserves half Timeslots, transmits every four Timeslots
HV3 reserves one third Timeslots, transmits every six Timeslots
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 17
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
How Fit Best ICR works• For channel pairs at higher priority timeslots:
• Case 1: ‘Good Good’ ‘Good Good’
• Case 2: ‘Good Bad’ ‘Good Good’
• Case 3: ‘Bad Good’ ‘Good Good’
• Case 4: ‘Bad Bad’ ’Good Good’
• For every Case 3 replacement, a Good Channel Usage Debt (GUD) Counter is incremented by 1; For every Case 4 replacement, the GUD Counter is incremented by 2.
• In lower priority timeslots, if there is GUD debt, a ‘Good Bad’ channel pair will be replaced to ‘Bad Bad’ channel pair to repay the GUD by 1; A ‘Good Good’ channel pair will be replaced to ‘Bad Bad’ channel pair to repay the GUD by 2.
• GUD balance is always towards ZERO, to maintain equal channel usage.
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 18
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
How Fit Best ICR works• Example: HV2 + ACL, HV2 Voice Link has higher priority (shown
in next slide) • In HV2 slots, do the following replacement:
– ‘Good Good’ channel pairs are kept as usual – ‘Good Bad’ replaced to ‘Good Good’ as usual – ‘Bad Good’ replaced to ‘Good Good’, increment GUD debt
counter by 1 – ‘Bad Bad’ replaced to ‘Good Good’, increment GUD debt
counter by 2 • In ACL slots, do the following replacements
– If any GUD Debt, ‘Good Good’ channel pairs are replace to ‘Bad Bad’, decrease GUD debt counter by 2
– If any GUD Debt, ‘Good Bad’ replaced to ‘Bad Bad’, decrease GUD debt counter by 1
– ‘Bad Good’ replaced to ‘Bad Bad’ as usual – ‘Bad Bad’ are kept as usual
• If ACL has higher priority, just do the reverse.
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 19
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
How Fit Best ICR works(Assuming HV2 has higher priority)
G G G BK G BK BK BKG BKBK GBK G
G G BK BK BK GG GG GG BK
AFH
HV2 HV2ACL
ACLACL ACL
ACLACL
ACL
HV2 HV2
HV2HV2HV2
G BK
G G G G G G G GBK BKG GBK BK
BK BK BK BK BK BKG GG GG G
HV2 HV2ACL
ACLACL ACL
ACLACL
ACL
HV2 HV2
HV2HV2HV2
G G
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 20
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
Fit Best ICR Processing TableReplacing
Case Master Tx channel
Slave Return Channel
Master Tx channel
Slave Return Channel
GUD Counter Comments
1 G G G G2 G BK G G3 BK G G G Plus 1
4 BK BK G G Plus 2
Replacing Case
Master Tx channel
Slave Return Channel
Master Tx channel
Slave Return Channel
GUD Counter Comments
1 G G G G2 G BK G G3 BK G BK BK
4 BK BK BK BK
5 G G BK BKMinus 2
Repay the Good channel Usgae Debt (GUD) if any
6G BK BK BK
Minus 1
Repay the Good channel Usgae Debt (GUD) if any
At timeslots for higher priority traffic, such as voice HV2
At timeslots for lower priority traffic
September, 2001
H. Gan, V. Sapozhnykov, et. al.Slide 21
doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/435r2
Submission
Traffic Type VS. AFH MethodType Traffic Type
Priority if Mixed
AFH Method Comments
1 1 ACL Standard2 1 HV1 Standard3 1 HV2 Fit Best Fit best channels to SCO slots
4 2 HV2 Standard5 1 HV3 Fit Best Fit best channels to SCO slots
6 2 HV3 Fit Best Fit best channels to SCO slots
7 3 HV3 Standard8 Non Standard9 ACL higher Fit Best Fit best channels to ACL slots
10 SCO higher Fit Best Fit best channels to SCO slots
11 Non Standard12 ACL higher Fit Best Fit best channels to ACL slots
13 SCO higher Fit Best Fit best channels to SCO slots
14 Non Standard15 ACL higher Fit Best Fit best channels to ACL slots
16 SCO higher Fit Best Fit best channels to SCO slots
1 HV2 + ACL
1 HV3 + ACL
2 HV3 + ACL