Project iCON “Competitiveness of SMEs

through Innovation and Collaborative

Entrepreneurship”

Technologies for an

Adaptive & Social

Market Economy

Luigi Telesca

Business Ecosystems and Digital Ecosystems (DE)

Beyond the State of the Art

SOA vs EOI

DE Main Concepts and Technologies

Architecture

Distributed Registry and P2P

DE Environments

MDA & Modelling

Execution Environment

The ONE Project

Negotiation Definition

Project Objectives & Expected Impacts

ONE Architecture and Technologies

Casa

casa

Presentation Outline

Digital Ecosystems The new multidisciplinary paradigm for the

evolution of Networked Organizations

Encourage SMEs & PA to use the Internet

and adopt ICT solutions

An open decentralized information

infrastructure composed of networked

agents (Agents: enterprises (especially SMEs),

intermediate actors, public bodies, end users, data,

and software etc.)

Agents cooperate and compete enabling

the creation of new complex structures

similar to ecosystems behavior

Agents are able to evolve dynamically

through incessant interactions, alliances,

adaptation and composition in order to

better adapt and survive to changing

market conditions.

Casa

casa

Is built on composition and complex hierarchies

No central control, no plans defined in advance

Fault tolerant:

No central point of failure, just viability concept

Diversity and autonomy (recursive)

Just adaptation to the local conditions

Selection and evolution

Its needed an infrastructure supporting the life (composed of living

organisms too), and a critical mass of individuals and biodiversity (bootstrap problem)

© ecosystems

Lessons from the living world

Casa

casa

State of the art Service Delivery Platform (SDP) and Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) are infrastructures allowing producers to deploy services for their users

• With Web 2.0, this separation between producers and consumers is blurred.

• The involvement of users in producing new services will have a tremendous impact and destabilize traditional business models and service deployment methods.

The challenges are numerous:

• Ownership of the infrastructure has to mutate from the closed and centralized existing model to a highly distributed, decentralized and self-managed model;

• New business management tools (including knowledge and content sharing) are needed for supporting these emerging community services;

• New infrastructure enablers are needed to facilitate the deployment of services by SME or even individuals;

Casa

casa

Beyond the State of the Art A Digital (Service) Ecosystem Infrastructure for enabling community

driven service provisioning and content distribution

Linking telecommunication infrastructure with high-level requirements e.g., Service and network provisioning for mobile users

Linking users of a community e.g., enabling data sharing through identity, trust, privacy and confidentiality management

Linking social implication with technological innovation e.g., reputation system merging institutional recommendation, social ranking and objective quality of service monitoring

Linking business models with service provisioning e.g., allow business negotiation and cater for accounting of infrastructure services

Linking people with IT e.g., allowing non-expert to build and use high level models in order to benefit from the service ecosystem infrastructure

Casa

casa

Digital Ecosystems

Main Concepts -

Technologies

Core Concepts

Add Semantics to service’s description

Provide a repository for models ( UML/MDA )

Functional models can evolve over time (XML/XMI enc.of the models )

Versioning

Dependencies

Heritage/Genealogy

Dynamic Architectures

Distributed content repositories

P2P (Is supported by a P2P architecture avoiding separated islands and connecting different social/business network)

NAT traversal

Casa

casa

Ecosystem Oriented

Infrastructure

EOI vs SOA

EOI is not in contrast with SOA

SOA is the starting point and EOA the evolution

Interoperability

WebServices

Discovery

Transport protocol (not central)

Service composition

BPM

WSS ( X.509, SAML )

Content Repository

EOI embeds SOA

Casa

casa

Is an innovative approach and methodology that decouples the systems functionalities from the implementations on a specific platform. The architecture is not constrained to

any language, platform or implementation (SW provider).

MDA facilitates the SW integration and reduces the development time improving the ROI of adopting organizations (reuse of models and knowledge).

Components: CIM (Computation Independent

Model ): models the business. PIM ( Platform Independent Model ):

models the functionalities. PSM ( Platform Specific Model ):

models the specific implementation.

Casa

casa

Model Driven Architecture

(MDA)

High level Architecture

EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08 Adapted from F. Nachira

Casa

casa

EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08

Shared Information

Community ‘Overlays’

P2P Indexes

Subscribe

Publish Store

Casa

casa

Distributed Registry & P2P

DE Environments Service Factory

Where services are described and developed.

UML, MBA, MDA based,

Design, test, distribution, deployment. Support for code generation

Execution (Run Time Environment)

Where services are configured, published, discovered, retrieved and consumed

Contains an application server or Servant

Contains a deployment subsystem of smart proxy

Based on Java

P2P persistency

Evolutionary Environment (Optional)

A parallel environment where service chains are created and optimized

Casa

casa

20/02/2013

Organization

Service

Messages

WSDL

Java Interface

Descriptors...

Computational Independent Viewpoint

Java Code

WS

Platform Independent Viewpoint

Platform Specific Viewpoint

Integrated CIM Editor

Integrated PIM Editor

Integrated PSM Editor

Product

Types

Parameters

Errors

Input/output

Ranges...

Motivation

Contract

Process...

Software Artifacts

Source: P.Ferronato, DBE Project

Casa

casa

Service Factory

Execution Environment Service proxy

Decouple the service implementation from its consumption.

Servent: server + client (from DBE) Eliminate the distinction between service provider and user/s (proxy

generation at run time ).

Service proxy

Generated from PSM.

Distributed at Run-time.

Intermediary of End-points.

Interoperability.

Refers to PIM.

EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08

Service Consumer Service Provider

end-point front-end proxy

P2P network

Run-time messages

proxy

proxy

proxy

Casa

casa

Execution Application server ( servent )

No architectural distinction between server e client

EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08

SOAP Layer

App. Server ( Consumer )

App. Server ( Producer )

adapter

front-end Legacy Provider

Legacy Consumer

Exec.

proxy

Casa

casa

EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08

Adapted from DBE Project

Portal A

DE Node

Models

Profiles

DKB

Service Service Service Service

Prosumer

Prosumer

Prosumer

Node Owner

Prosumer

Node Owner

Portal ..n

DE Node

Service Service Service Service

Persistency

Layer

Service

Registry

Service Service

Service Service..

Prosumer

Casa

casa

Portals Service Service..

Service

The Open

Negotiation

Environment An example showing how

to implement DE

ONE:

An Implementation

Casa

ONE is an open, distributed, p2p negotiation

environment that will enable organisations of

different business ecosystems to negotiate

contract agreements for supplying complex,

integrated services as a virtual

organisation/coalition

……..not a simple auction!

Casa

casa

ONE Project Objectives The ONE negotiation platform will:

Provide tools to create negotiation protocols and negotiation strategies,

Provide runtime mechanisms for executing negotiations using different

negotiation protocols,

Enable users to dynamically modify the negotiation during the negotiation process.

Develop decision support tools helping

the users to execute a negotiation

Create trust mechanisms to enable the sharing of trustworthy knowledge between partners;

the long tailthe long tail

Long Tail of Business Negotiations

• Individual Negotiation Models

Structured

Negotiations Unstructured (Individual) Negotiations

Casa

casa

Component Model

ONE Node

Backend Applications

(Access via API)

API

§ Negotiation Engine

§ Intelligent System (Recommender

System, Reputation and Trust)

§ Identification and Authentification/

Authorization

Business Users

(Access via Browers)

Business Analyst

(Eclipse Rich Client)

§ Search for potential business

partners

§ Create negotiations

§ Participate in a negotiation

§ Manage negotiations

§ Modeling Business

Negotiation Models

§ Publish Negotiation Models

to the ONE repository

§ Connection to the backend

applications (CRM, EPR)

Company border

InternetOther ONE Nodes

EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08

Casa

casa

Negotiation Metamodel E-business Negotiations – the core negotiation concepts

Distributed Environment – modelling constraints

by means of decentralised environment supporting dynamic and

autonomous behaviour for each participant

IST ONE project – requirement analysis

Combining e-business negotiations with DBE

Negotiation

MetaModel Distributed

Environment

Modelling

Constraints E-business Negotiations Concepts

buyer process

rules

strategy

auction

SME

Requirement

Analysis

Casa

casa

Modelling Objectives Support different types of negotiations

Auctions (i.e. Dutch, English), tenders, bargains

Promote reusability within different service domains i.e. car sales, public sector, B2B

Support of multiple business actors in different roles, i.e. buyer, seller, owner

Separation of information and functionality negotiation information from negotiation

process

Support a collaborative multi-agent environment

Support peer-to-peer solution for negotiation

EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08

Casa

casa

Negotiation Metamodel

The Negotiation MetaModel Describes the components of a negotiation model and

their relationships by capturing their semantics from the e-business negotiation domain.

Is a Domain Specific Language, MOF-based Covers the two major aspects

Information – what? (i.e. what do we negotiate about?)

Protocol – how? (i.e. how do we actually negotiate?)

Core concepts Negotiation defines what a negotiation is and how it is

executed Actor represents a participating legal entity (person or

SME)

EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08

Casa

casa

EISCO 2008 - 25/09/08

Casa

casa

Negotiation MetaModel –

Core concepts

26

DKB

Modeling

Environment Read

Publish

ONE SetUp

Negotiation

Models

InpuiGUI

ZK Ajax

Automatic

Generation

Negotiation

Instance

XMI Store

Owner

Casa

casa

Set-up a negotiation

27

Run a Negotiation

DKB

ONE Exe

Store

Owner

Participants

.......

Engine Negotiation

Instance

XMI

InpuiGUI

ZK Ajax Logs

Casa

casa

Projekt iCON sofinanciran v okviru Programa čezmejnega sodelovanja Slovenija-Italija 2007-

2013 iz sredstev Evropskega sklada za regionalni razvoj in nacionalnih sredstev.

Progetto iCON finanziato nell'ambito del Programma per la Cooperazione Transfrontaliera

Italia-Slovenia 2007-2013, dal Fondo europeo di sviluppo regionale e dai fondi nazionali.

Ministero dell'Economia

e delle Finanze

Thank you

www.one-project.eu

Other References:

www.digital-ecosystem.org

www.digital-ecosystems.org