Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of...
Transcript of Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of...
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: i Document: P-62/SIA Date: November 2009 Contents Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT i
TTAABBLLEE OOFF CCOONNTTEENNTTSS
Table of Contents ................................................................................................................ i
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 3
1.1 Index Map of the Project Area ........................................................................... 3 1.2 Project Background .......................................................................................... 4 1.3 Description of Project Road .............................................................................. 4 1.4 Need for Social Impact Assessment (SIA) ........................................................ 4 1.5 Objectives of this Report ................................................................................... 5 1.6 Objective of Consultancy Services.................................................................... 6 1.7 Stages of Completion ....................................................................................... 6 1.8 Structure of the Report ..................................................................................... 6
2.0 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................ 8
2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Reconnaissance Survey ................................................................................... 8 2.3 Primary Data Collection and Analysis ............................................................... 8 2.4 Consultation of Secondary Sources .................................................................. 8 2.5 Verification Exercise ......................................................................................... 9 2.6 Public Consultations ......................................................................................... 9
3.0 SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE PROJECT AREA .................................................. 10
3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 10 3.2 Profile of the Area ........................................................................................... 10
3.2.1 Demography ................................................................................ 10 3.2.2 Economy ..................................................................................... 11
4.0 FINDINGS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY (SES) ........................................................ 14
4.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 14 4.2 Socio-Economic Survey .................................................................................. 14 4.3 Objective of SES ............................................................................................ 14 4.4 Socio-Economic Characteristics of the Project Area ....................................... 14
4.4.1 Impact on Private Properties .......................................................... 14 4.4.3 Religious/ Common Properties Structures ....................................... 15 4.4.4 Squatters on the Road .................................................................. 15 4.4.6 Impact on Project Affected Families (PAFs) .................................... 17
5.0 RESETTLEMENT POLICIES & LEGAL FRAMEWORK ..................................................... 18
5.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 18 5.2 Proposed Resettlement & Rehabilitation Guidelines for NH Projects .............. 18 5.3 Definition of Relevant Terminology ................................................................. 19
6.0 STAKEHOLDERS PARTICIPATION & CONSULTATIONS .............................................. 21
6.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 21 6.2 Local Level Consultation ................................................................................. 21
7.0 GENDER IMPACT OF THE PROJECT ............................................................................. 23
7.1 Backdrop ........................................................................................................ 23
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: ii Document: P-62/SIA Date: November 2009 Contents Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT ii
7.2 Gender Impacts of the Project ........................................................................ 23
8.0 HIV/ AIDS AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING RISKS ........................................................... 26
8.1 General .......................................................................................................... 26 8.2 Local Context ................................................................................................. 26 8.3 Current Status & Project Impacts .................................................................... 27
8.3.1 HIV/ AIDS Risks ........................................................................... 27 8.3.2 Human Trafficking Risks ................................................................ 28
8.4 Summing Up ................................................................................................... 28
9.0 R & R BUDGET ............................................................................................................ 29
10.0 CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................... 31
10.1 Need for the Project ........................................................................................ 31 10.2 Project Impacts ............................................................................................... 31
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 3 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-1 Date: November 2009 Introduction Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT 3
11 ..00 IINNTTRR OODDUUCCTTIIOONN
1.1 Index Map of the Project Area
PROJECT LOCATION
INDIA UTTAR PRADESH
PROJECT LOCATION
AGRA
ALIGARH HATHRAS
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 4 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-1 Date: November 2009 Introduction Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT 4
1.2 Project Background
The Department of Road Transport & Highways (DoRT & H), Ministry of Road Transport &
Highways (MoRT&H), Government of India (GOI) represented by the Director General (Road
Development) & Special Secretary to GOI (the “Authority”) is engaged in the development and
maintenance of National Highways and as part of this endeavor, the Authority has decided to
undertake Two laning with paved shoulder and provision of capacity augmentation to four lane
from Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 in the state of Uttar Pradesh (the “Project”) through
Public Private Partnership on Design, Build, Finance, Operate and Transfer (the “DBFOT”)
basis..
MoRT&H has assigned the Consultancy services for carrying out preparation of Feasibility
Report and Tender Document to M/s Construma Consultancy Pvt. Ltd in JV with Chaitanya
Project Consultancy Pvt. Ltd. The agreement for the Consultancy services was signed on
June 25th and the project preparation activities commenced subsequently.
1.3 Description of Project Road
The Index Map is enclosed at Fig. 1.1. The project road starts from km 0 of NH-93 at Agra and
ends at km 79 of NH-93 at Aligarh thus making total length of a 79 km. The entire project road
lies in the State of Uttar Pradesh.
1.4 Need for Social Impact Assessment (SIA)
Social impact Assessment (SIA) can be defined as the systematic identification and evaluation
of the potential impacts of proposed project relative to the physical, cultural and socio-
economic components of the total environment. The primary purpose of SIA process is to
encourage the consideration of the socio-environment in planning and decision making and to
ultimately arrive at actions which are more socio-economically compatible.
In India, Road traffic is growing at a considerable pace. According to estimates, traffic on road
is growing at a rate of 7 to 10 percent annum.
The Indian road network is divided into three main categories:
a) National Highways (Interstate) b) State Highways c) Rural and Urban roads
Road development leads to economic growth, connects people and provides for speedy and
safe travel. However, road development has its negative impacts in the form of acquisition of
land and property, leading to loss or diminished livelihood or loss or impact to homestead of
both. In development projects such as widening and strengthening of roads, irrigation canal
etc., the impact in not concentrated to a particular place like in a reservoir project, but is
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 5 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-1 Date: November 2009 Introduction Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT 5
linearly disturbed. Therefore a large number of people are likely to be impacted though the
degree of impact on each person is correspondingly less.
Good resettlement planning and management provides a safeguard against such risk. It can
also open up a range of new opportunities to improve the incomes and living conditions of
those affected, turning involuntary displacement into a development opportunity.
The new road policy covers all aspects of road design, construction, maintenance and
management of highway resources. It include engineering, economic, environmental and
social impacts due to land acquisition, resettlement and rehabilitation of Project Affected
Persons (PAPs), tree planting, way side amenities, bus bays and truck terminals, road safety,
training, research and development. It also focuses in institutional strengthening of the
Department, and capacity building among Engineers, Consultants and Contractors.
The Project road for conducting feasibility study and preparation of preliminary and detailed
project report for widening and upgrading of the National Highways falls in the State of Uttar
Pradesh and is a section of NH-93 which is proposed to be developed through Public Private
Partnership (PPP).
The project road traverses through the three districts namely Agra , Hathras and Aligarh in
Uttar Pradesh State. Main towns and villages along the project road include Sadabad,
Hathras, and Sasni Town.
In many development projects, some people or group of people of entire community is directly
or indirectly benefited and some are adversely affected (Directly of indirectly) by the project,
therefore social impact assessment is essential to identify these individuals or section of the
community or in some cases entire community. Although the project contributes to some
positive benefits, it will have some adverse impacts associated with land acquisitions and
displacement of people. In order to deal with those adverse impacts, social impact
assessment is being carried out in accordance with prevailing norms and Government policies
operational directives of the reputed agencies.
1.5 Objectives of this Report
The objective of Social impact Assessment (SIA) is to generate information on the socio-economic profile of the project population in terms of information on their income levels, occupations, education levels, health conditions, poverty incidence etc., above all their living standards. In addition, the assessment also aimed at assessing the how the widening and improvement of the road will improve benefits for local population as well as the potential adverse impacts, if any.
Primary purposes behind SIA study are:
• To facilitate the incorporation of the socio-environment as a factor in project decision making, along with engineering and economic factors.
• To arrive at actions that is socially more compatible
• To enable highway expansion related social issues to be presented before the public and ensure public participation in decision making.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 6 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-1 Date: November 2009 Introduction Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT 6
• To help in identifying management and mitigation measures.
1.6 Objective of Consultancy Services
The objective of this consultancy is to undertake feasibility studies and prepare a Feasibility
Report to the Project Highway for the purpose of firming up the Authority‟s requirements in
respect of development and construction of the Project Highway and Project Facilities and
enabling the prospective bidders to assess the Authority‟s requirements in a clear and
predictable manner with a view to ensuring:
i) Enhanced safety and level of service for the road users;.
ii) Superior operation and maintenance enabling enhanced operational efficiency of the
Project Highway;
iii) Minimal adverse impact on the local population and road users due to road
construction;
iv) Minimal adverse impact on environment;
v) Minimal additional acquisition of land; and
vi) Phased development of the Project Highway for improving its financial viability
consistent with the need to minimise frequent inconvenience to traffic that may be
caused if additional works are undertaken within a period of seven years from the
commencement of construction of the Project Highway.
1.7 Stages of Completion
Project preparation activities will be split into seven stages as mentioned below. Preliminary design work would commence without waiting for feasibility study to be completed.
This report pertains to Stage V of the Project.
Stage I - Inception Report
Stage II-Report on Alignment and First Traffic Survey
Stage III-Report on Land Plan Schedules and Utility Relocation
Stage IV- Report on Indicative GAD of structures
Stage V-Report on Environment and Social Impact Assessment
Stage VI-Draft Feasibility Report and Schedules to the Concession Agreement
Stage VII-Final Feasibility Report
The stages will generally follow a sequence though stages are inter-related and inter-dependent on one another.
1.8 Structure of the Report
Chapter 1.0 – Introduction
Chapter 2.0 – Methodology
Chapter 3.0 – Socio-economic Profile of the Project Area
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 7 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-1 Date: November 2009 Introduction Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT 7
Chapter 4.0 – Findings of Socio-Economic Survey (SES)
Chapter 5.0 – Resettlement Policies & Legal Framework
Chapter 6.0 – Stakeholders Participation & Consultations
Chapter 7.0 – Gender Impact of the Project
Chapter 8.0 – HIV/ AIDS and Human Trafficking Risks
Chapter 9.0 – R & R Budget
Chapter 10.0 – Conclusion
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 8 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-2 Date: November 2009 Methodology Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT 8
22 ..00 MMEETTHHOODDOOLLOOGGYY
2.1 Introduction
Both primary and secondary methods of study were adopted for the preparation of this report. Various stages at which study were conducted are as follows:-
Reconnaissance survey
Primary data were collected through physically survey
Secondary data (Handbook of Census 2001, Agra, Hathras and Aligarh district)
Consultations with various stakeholders and Public Consultation Meeting (PCMs)
2.2 Reconnaissance Survey
A reconnaissance of the entire stretch was undertaken together with engineering and environmental teams. The purpose of the reconnaissance was to have an overview of the likely extent of impact on people because of the impending development work of the highway.
2.3 Primary Data Collection and Analysis
The survey also brought out issues pertaining to the existing road, which traverses through
many settlements where ROW is limited varying between 15 - 40m. The survey was
conducted within the proposed ROW for the Agra-Aligarh section to understand social impact
of the project and the likely impact of the project road widening and a broad overview of the
socio-economic profile of the project area.
Simultaneously, a team comprising social and environmental experts, field investigators,
surveyors and engineers carried out physical survey of the entire length of the project stretch
to measure land and structures to be affected by the widening and strengthening of the project
road.
2.4 Consultation of Secondary Sources
The secondary data/information was collected from various government and non-government
agencies so as to verify the ground realities and comprehend the socio-economic
characteristics, physical features and cultural set-up of the project area before undertaking
detailed field investigations.
The relevant documents like the Handbook of Census 2001. District Gazetteer, Statistical
Handbooks, Census publications were collected along with various published/unpublished
reports on the issues, which helped in the preparation of the Social Impact Assessment. The
information pertaining to land rates was collected from Registrar office so as to ascertain the
prevailing land estimates in the project area.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 9 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-2 Date: November 2009 Methodology Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT 9
2.5 Verification Exercise
Details of ROW along the project road were collected from the PWD Department. A format
was used to record the relevant information on squatters and encroachers. The verification
included collection of information on the structure, its type and use and portion within ROW.
The information collected on field was only used in estimating the PAPs within the COI.
2.6 Public Consultations
The Public Consultations for the consultancy Agra-Aligarh section was mainly held at the local
level i.e. at the village level so as to incorporate the perceptions of the stakeholders in the
planning stage of the project.
The consultations organized at village level explored various issues related to the location of
conservation of religious/cultural structures, the loss of sources of livelihood, the loss of
residential structure, etc wherein providing key inputs in finalizing the design and measures
for developing the mitigate plan.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 10 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-3 Date: November 2009 Socio-Economic Profile of the Project Area Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT 10
33 ..00 SSOOCCIIOO--EECCOONNOOMMIICC PPRROOFFIILLEE OOFF TTHHEE PPRROOJJEECCTT
AARREEAA
3.1 Introduction
A study of the socio-economic profiles of the regions comprising the project influence area (PIA) provides an overview of the factors likely to influence the pattern of economic development and hence the flows and volumes of traffic on the proposed highway. The details include population, occupational structure, urbanisation, sectoral growth, and targeted growth rates of the economy. The profiles help to generate basic inputs for the estimation of future growth in transport demand on the basis of past scenarios, perspective changes in transport demand elasticities and economic growth rates.
The Sex ratio is an important indicator of migration and gender equity (in a developing country
context) since it helps to point out the employment opportunity in a given district. Literacy rate
is a significant indicator of any district or states economic as well as social development
status. The higher literacy rate indicates higher awareness and vice versa.
3.2 Profile of the Area
The project road would carry inter-regional, inter-city and intra-PIA traffic in varied proportions. The PIA for the 2- laning with paved shoulders of NH-93 from Agra to Aligarh comprises of the districts of UP in Agra, Hathras & Aligarh. These districts have close socio-economic interaction and account for a large part of the originating and terminating traffic.
The study of the socio-economic profile of UP is first taken up with focus on Agra & Aligarh districts, followed by Hathras district.
3.2.1 Demography
Uttar Pradesh continues to be the state with the largest population in the country even after the creation of Uttarakhand state. The population of the state in 2001 was 166.1 million - 16.2 percent of the country's population. The geographical area of the state now stands at 241, 000 square km. It is the fifth largest state in India, comprising 70 districts, 807 development blocks, and 97,134 inhabited villages.
Of the total population, 79 percent is rural and 21 percent urban. The pace of urbanization has been far lower in this state than in most other states. The urban population is concentrated in 703 towns/cities, while the rural population is spread over 97 thousand villages. The demographic features of the state of Uttar Pradesh are presented in Table 3.1.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 11 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-3 Date: November 2009 Socio-Economic Profile of the Project Area Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT 11
Table 3.1: Demographic Features of Uttar Pradesh
Census
Year
Rural Urban Total Population
Density
Population
(000)
Annual
Growth (percent)
Population
(000)
Annual
Growth (percent)
Population
(000)
Annual
Growth (percent)
(Persons/
km2)
1971
1981
1991
2001
75952
90963
111506
131540
-
1.82
2.06
1.16
12389
19899
27606
34513
-
4.85
3.33
2.26
88341
110862
139112
166053
-
2.30
2.30
1.79
300
377
473
689
Sources: Statistical Abstract, UP, Uttar Pradesh at a Glance
The population density in the state, 689 persons per square km, is higher than that of most other states. The increase in population in the two decades, 1971-81 and 1981-91, was almost the same, at 25.49 percent and 25.48 percent respectively. The decadal growth rate of population for 1991-2001 was 25.8 percent, as against the all-India figure of 21 percent. The growth of population between 1971 and 2001 has been higher than for the country as a whole. However, the average annual growth rate of urban population in the state during the decade 1981-1991 had declined to 3.3 percent as against 4.8 percent attained during 1971-81. Between 1991 and 2001, the rate stood at 2.87 percent
District-wise Population and Growth Rate of Uttar Pradesh - 2001
District Population Males Females Sex-ratio
(F/M) Growth rate (1991-2001)
Agra 3,611,301 1,949,775 1,661,526 852 31.27
Hathras 1,333,372 718,288 615,084 856 18.32
Aligarh 2,990,388 1,607,222 1,383,166 861 22.08
Uttar Pradesh 166,052,859 87,466,301 78,586,558 898 25.80
Source : Census of India, 2001
3.2.2 Economy
The Net State Domestic Product (NSDP) of Uttar Pradesh, at current prices, increased from Rs. 709347 million in 1993-94 to Rs. 1704236.5 million in 2002-03. In real terms, NSDP grew at 4.2 percent per annum. The annual average growth of the state economy and of per capita income was, respectively, 3.2 percent and 1.4 percent during the Eighth Plan, and 2.5 percent and 0.4 percent in the first four years (1997-98 to 2000-01) of the Ninth Plan.
The per capita income in 2000-01, at current prices, for the state at Rs. 9223 is lower than the all-India average of Rs.16563. Per capita income in constant prices in 2000-01 is estimated at
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 12 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-3 Date: November 2009 Socio-Economic Profile of the Project Area Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT 12
Rs. 5707 for Uttar Pradesh growing at the rate of 1.71 percent since 1993-94. Against this, for the nation as a whole, the corresponding per capita income in 2000-01 is estimated at Rs. 10312, growing at the average rate of 4.24 since 1993-94. Detailed information on SDP and per capita income is presented in Table 2.5
Table 2.5: Net State Domestic Product (in million Rupees)
1993-94 1995 – 96 2000-01 2002-03
At current Prices
At constant
Prices
At current Prices
At constant Prices
At current Prices
At constant Prices
At current Prices
At constant
Prices
Uttar Pradesh
NSDP 709347 709347 928109.7 770463.1 1516833.0 938648.5 1704236.5 1028114.0
State Income *
5066 5066 6331 5256 9223 5707 9895 5965
All India
NSDP 6859120 6859120 9418610 7878090 16878180 10508910 19952290 11567140
Per Capita National Income
7707 7707 10171 8508 16563
10312
18876
10943
Source: Economic Survey, CSO statistics.
* Per Capital Rs.
Agriculture Agriculture is the largest sector in the economy of the state in terms of both income and employment. However, its share in total workers of the state is far higher than its share in total income. The agricultural sector grew at a rate of 2.5 percent per annum between 1980-81 and 1997-98. In more recent years - between 1993-94 and 1999-2000 - the growth rate has been 2.1 percent.
The state's share in the country's net sown area and gross cropped area was 12.1 percent and 3.9 percent respectively in 1992-93. The net sown area per cultivator in 1990-91 in the state was only 0.79 hectare against all India average of 1.28 hectares. Agriculture in the state is characterised by the preponderance of marginal holdings.
Between 1950-51 and 2000-01, the total cultivated area under food and non-food crops in the state grew at a rate of 0.47 percent per annum. In the period between 1990-91 and 2000-01, however, the growth rate became negative. The area under non-food crops has increased at a faster pace than that under non-food crops.
The cropping pattern in Uttar Pradesh is dominated by food grains. In 1994-95, out of the total gross cropped area of 25.28 million hectares, food grains accounted for 20.45 million hectares i.e. nearly 81 percent. The increase in food grains production was 12.9 percent during 1985 - 90 and 9.6 percent in 1992-96, yielding average annual increases of 2.5 percent and 2.3 percent respectively in these periods. Sugarcane, potato and oil seeds are the three main commercial crops in the state.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 13 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-3 Date: November 2009 Socio-Economic Profile of the Project Area Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT 13
Tourism
Uttar Pradesh has an unmatched heritage of culture, art, architecture, mythology, music and
literature evolved over the years. The state has a number of sacred pilgrimage and religious
such as Ayodhya and Vrindavan. Lucknow and Varanasi are popular tourist places. Within
the PIA, Agra is of special tourist interest .
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 14 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-4 Date: November 2009 Findings of Socio-Economic survey ( SES ) Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
14
44 ..00 FFIINNDDIINNGGSS OOFF SSOOCCIIOO--EECCOONNOOMMIICC SSUURRVVEEYY
((SSEESS))
4.1 Introduction
This chapter presents an analysis of the findings of the Socio-Economic survey undertaken
during the course of Social Impact Assessment (SIA). The purpose of this analysis is to
develop socio-economic profile of the population and communities of the project region and
the impact of the core road project construction on them.
4.2 Socio-Economic Survey
A Socio-Economic survey (SES) was conducted during the month of September-October
2009 on the proposed project road of 79 Km covering Agra, Hathras & Aligarh districts
through which the road is passing in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
4.3 Objective of SES
The objective of SES was to generate information on the Socio-Economic profile of the project
population in terms of information on their income levels, occupations, education levels, health
conditions, poverty incidence, quality of life, cast, religion etc. In addition, the survey also
aimed at assessing, how the project road construction will improve benefits for local
population as well as the potential adverse impacts, if any.
4.4 Socio-Economic Characteristics of the Project Area
This section describes socio-economic features for comparative analysis at different levels.
4.4.1 Impact on Private Properties
The primary survey data reveals that private properties e.g. residential, commercial and
residential cum commercial properties would be affected due to land acquisition for the
widening and strengthening of the project road. Table 4.1 indicates the present use and
typology of structures likely to be affected.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 15 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-4 Date: November 2009 Findings of Socio-Economic survey ( SES ) Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
15
Table 4.1 - Present use and type of structures
Use of structure
No. of structures
Total Pucca
Semi -pucca
Kutcha Tinned
(GI sheet)
Residential 2 - - - 2
Commercial - - - - -
Residential cum commercial 5 - - - 5
Others - - - - -
Total 7 - - - 7
4.4.3 Religious/ Common Properties Structures
The total number of 58 Common Property Resources (CPRs) are likely to be affected; out of
which, major impact would be on Bus stand e.g 16 hand pump, of which 11 on the right side
and 5 on the left side are situated on project road. Table-4.2 provides detail on the impact on
CPRs on the project road.
Table 4.2 – Common Property Resources likely to be affected
CPR Direction
Total Left Right
Temple 16 19 35
MOSQUE 2 - 2
School 2 2 4
Bus stand -1 - 1
Hand pump 5 11 16
Tap water - - 58
4.4.4 Squatters on the Road
Total 64 squatters are found in Agra-Aligarh stretch. The squatter are losing their livelihood as
they are running their shops on the existing road. The widening and strengthening of the road
would make an impact on livelihood of the squatters as indicated in Table-4.3.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 16 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-4 Date: November 2009 Findings of Socio-Economic survey ( SES ) Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
16
Table 4.3: Impact on Squatters
Existing Chainage
Side No. of shops
squatter Distance from centre of road
0+000 L 2 4.0
0+100 R 2 5.0
0+675 L 1 4.8
1+275 L 1 5.0
2+100 R 2 4.2
2+200 L 2 5.7
4+600 R 2 5.5
4+625 L 2 4.8
5+725 R 1 4.5
7+100 R 1 4.0
7+500 R 1 4.2
7+550 L 1 4.8
11+250 R 1 5.8
11+975 L 1 5.0
12+600 L 1 4.8
12+650 R 1 4.5
17+400 L 1 5.2
17+450 R 1 4.8
20+225 R 1 5.2
20+390 L 1 4.5
20+980 R 1 4.0
25+100 L 2 5.0
25+800 L 1 5.5
26+700 R 1 4.8
26+800 L 1 4.5
27+500 L 1 5.0
27+600 R 1 4.8
28+450 R 2 5.5
28+450 L 1 5.7
33+400 L 1 4.8
33+450 R 1 5.0
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 17 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-4 Date: November 2009 Findings of Socio-Economic survey ( SES ) Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
17
Existing Chainage
Side No. of shops
squatter Distance from centre of road
37+350 L 1 4.2
40+500 R 1 5.0
42+800 R 1 4.5
43+900 L 1 5.2
43+950 R 1 5.0
44+875 L 1 4.8
44+900 R 1 4.3
48+200 L 2 4.2
48+250 R 2 5.0
50+700 R 1 4.9
56+600 L 2 5.2
56+700 L 2 5.6
57+250 L 1 5.1
58+100 L 1 4.9
64+300 R 1 4.3
74+500 R 1 4.2
76+100 L 1 4.5
78+850 R 2 5.2
78+890 L 2 4.2
Total 64
4.4.6 Impact on Project Affected Families (PAFs)
Total no. of 225 families including 1202 persons are likely to be impacted due to widening and
strengthening of the existing corridor. The Table-4.5 indicates major impact of the project
would be on families having agriculture activities as their occupation (168 Nos.) followed by
families running their commercial activities (15 Nos.).
Table 4.5: Impact on Project Affected Families
Item PAFs (Nos.) PAPs (Nos.)
Residential 25 125
Commercial 15 150
Residential cum Commercial
17 255
Boundary wall - -
Agriculture 168 672
Total 225 1202
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 18 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-5 Date: November 2009 Resettlement Policies & legal Framework Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
18
55 ..00 RREESSEETTTTLLEEMMEENNTT PPOOLLIICCIIEESS && LLEEGGAALL
FFRRAAMMEEWWOORRKK
5.1 Introduction
Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (M/oRT&H) is preparing the portion of NH-93 from
Agra to Aligarh which is already having 2-lane carriageway configuration based on the
National Policy on Resettlement & Rehabilitation for project-affected families (NPRR-2003).
Accordingly capacity augmentation of the existing 2-lane highway to 2-lane highway with
paved shoulders under DBFO scheme was conceived and Ministry of Road Transport &
Highways (M/oRT&H), has been entrusted to implement the task. The project road starts from
Km 0+000 of NH-93 and ends at Km 79+000 of NH-93, thus making a total length of about
79.000 km. The published NPRR document by the Ministry of Rural Development, GOI
entitlement outlines a framework to provide additional assistance over and above the
compensation provided for acquisition of land under the LA Act, 1894 or any other Act in force
for project affected and displaced families. Further, the policy framework describes the
principles and approach to be followed in minimizing and mitigating negative socio-economic
impacts caused by the project.
The policy recognizes the need to give additional benefits to the affected families in view of
the losses suffered due to acquisition of land, home, assets and means of livelihood. The
preamble of the policy also recognizes the landless agricultural workers, forest dwellers,
tenants, and artisans who suffer the most due to the loss of sources of livelihood, and to
whom no cash compensation is admissible.
5.2 Proposed Resettlement & Rehabilitation Guidelines for NH Projects
The principle of the R & R policy is the guiding philosophy to provide a development approach
to resettle and rehabilitate the people affected by the project. In particular
Wherever possible displacement will be reduced or avoid altogether by sensitive design
of civil works (e.g. alternative designs or modifications to the design)
Where displacement is unavoidable, those displaced will have their living standards
improved.
They will be located as a single unit among the peer groups or will be assisted to
integrate into their new community. Particular attention will be paid to the needs of the
most vulnerable groups to be resettled.
PAPs will be compensated, at replacement cost for assets lost. Adequate social and
physical infrastructure will be provided.
PAPs and the host communities will be encouraged to participate in the design and the
implementation of RAP.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 19 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-5 Date: November 2009 Resettlement Policies & legal Framework Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
19
The RAP delivers a comprehensive package of compensation and assistance to entitled
persons, families, and groups suffering losses as a result of the project. It provides mitigation
for:
Loss of assets, including land and house or work place
Loss of livelihood or income opportunities and
Collective impacts on groups, such as loss of community assets, common property resources and others.
5.3 Definition of Relevant Terminology
Under the resettlement policy for the project, several categories of project affected persons
are recognized with varying eligibility for the compensation and assistance package provided
by the RAP. The major categories of project affected persons addressed in the project
entitlement framework are:
a) Project Affected Persons (PAPs)
Unless otherwise specified in this document, a project affected person is defined as
one who in consequence of the project, sustains damages (a) by reasons of severing
such land or (b) by affecting his/her immovable properties in any manner or (c) by
adversely affecting his/her livelihood/earnings calculated by an objective assessment.
Project affected persons include project displaced persons.
b) Project Affected Households (PAHs)
The PAHs are defined as groups of people living under one roof and maintaining one
kitchen within the project‟s impact corridor. Often, PAHs contain more than one family.
Most RAP entitlements are provided at the household level; however, the RAP also
recognizes a Project Affected Family (PAF). A `Family‟means karta (Head of Family),
spouse (husband/ wife) and minor children. Every son or unmarried daughter who has
attained the age of 18 years on or before the cut-off date will be treated as separate
family. Every divorced or widowed daughter living separately or with the family on or
prior to the cut-off date will be treated as separate family.
c) Project Displaced Persons
A displaced person is a person who is compelled to change his /her place of residence
and/or workplace or place of business due to the project.
d) Cut-off date
The cut-off date for the project road for legal titleholders would be the date of issuing
notice u/s 3A of the M/oRT&H. For encroachers and squatters, the cut-off date would
be 15days from the issue of notice.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 20 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-5 Date: November 2009 Resettlement Policies & legal Framework Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
20
e) Encroacher
An encroacher is a person who has encroached on the government land, adjacent to
his/her own land or asset, to which he/she is not entitled and deriving his/her livelihood
prior to the cut-off date.
All losses will be compensated and assistance will be provided at replacement value,
irrespective of their legal standing in the project area. Special assistance will be extended to
the vulnerable to enhance their earning opportunities.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 21 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-6 Date: November 2009 Stakeholders Participation & Consultations Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
21
66 ..00 SSTTAAKKEEHHOOLLDDEERR SS PPAARRTTIICCIIPPAATTIIOONN &&
CCOONNSSUULLTTAATTIIOONNSS
6.1 Introduction
Experience indicates that involuntary resettlement generally gives rise to problems for the affected population. It has also been experienced that problems reduce when people are properly informed and consulted about the project and allowed to make meaningful choices. This not only reduces the insecurity among the Project Affected Person (PAPs) but also avoids opposition to the project which otherwise are likely to occur.
A social assessment has been undertaken for the project at various levels to elicit the views of the PAPs and other stakeholders and has been incorporated wherever feasible so as to reduce the negative impacts of the project.
6.2 Local Level Consultation
The local level consultations were organized at various places namely, Agra, Sadabad, Hathras,Sasni & Aligarh which are major settlements on the project corridor. Views expressed by most people likely to be affected by the project at each location are given in Table 6.1
Table 6.1: Views of the people likely to be affected by the project
Location Views expressed with respect to Project
Agra, Sadabad and
Hathras
Provisions of resettlement and rehabilitation should be made public and transparency maintained.
Concept of minimum displacement and enhancement of public facility should be incorporated in the project.
Approach road leading to villages from the project road should be improved and safeguarded.
Provision of bus stand on the project road for each village
Source of drinking water should not be disturbed unless otherwise unavoidable. In such cases prior arrangements must be ensured before the initiation of construction work.
Employment preference to local people in the project during construction period.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 22 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-6 Date: November 2009 Stakeholders Participation & Consultations Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
22
Location Views expressed with respect to Project
Sasni and Aligarh
The rate for acquiring land and structure-should be according to the current market rate.
Enquiries about the compensation and provision of resettlement and rehabilitation. Compensation should be given at the market rate and not at the Government rate.
People would contribute land for tree plantation.
Tree plantation should be extended to the link roads also.
Associated roads can be developed in addition to the NH.
Restrict widening within the minimum Right of Way required.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 23 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-7 Date: November 2009 Gender Impact of the Project Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
23
77 ..00 GGEENNDDEERR IIMMPPAACCTT OOFF TTHHEE PPRROOJJEECCTT
7.1 Backdrop
Women, as an independent target group, account for 495.74 million and represent 48.3% of
India‟s total population, as per the Census of 2001 thereby making them a sizeable
proportion of the country‟s population. By the year 2016, projections suggest that the
population women in India will rise to 625 million. Despite these statistics, problems like
illiteracy, ignorance, discrimination and violence continue to persist even today against
women.
A separate process of discussion and interactions was facilitated with the women belonging
to different socio-economic groups in sample villages. The key methodologies used to
undertake the analysis comprised of:
Focus group discussion were undertaken with women of communities in order to get
qualitative information regarding the positive and negative effects of the road
construction as well as the changes in the mobility pattern, literacy, employment
issues etc.
PRA tools and exercises such as decision-making were used to assess the socio-
economic status of women in the community and households.
The findings derived from these processes are summed up in the sections below.
7.2 Gender Impacts of the Project
During the study it was noted that women in most socio-economic groups are
disadvantaged by their low status in households and communities in terms of access and
control. Limited access and control, amongst other are significant reasons that act as a
constraint in active participation of women in the society consequently hampering the
process of their empowerment & development. The proposed project by augmenting access
to socio-economic services is anticipated to boost/enhance mobility of women as well as
their participation in socio-economic arena.
A few focus group discussions were undertaken with women in the villages located along
the project road. This discussion reveled that through some transport facilities to socio-
economic facilities are already available (as the village are located on the project road) the
frequency of the same is poor due to the deplorable condition of the project road. Due to the
poor condition of the project road, traveling is both time consuming and discomforting.
Further due to the poor road condition, not many vehicles ply on it as a result making the
project road secluded and thus not safe women and girls to venture out alone.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 24 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-7 Date: November 2009 Gender Impact of the Project Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
24
As a result the project improvement was voiced as necessary‟ by various women belonging
to various castes and communities. The project is anticipated to augment the frequency and
quality of the transport services, thereby further improving access of women to various
facilities. The women opine that they will especially benefit from the project, since their
mobility will be augmented, both in terms of access to social services, as well as access to
higher levels of schooling. The project road improvement would also considerably augment
their access to higher levels of health care outside the village.
Also in terms of safety as women said that at present the vehicle frequency is low but when
vehicles will increase traveling will become more organized and safe for women. This is
especially important in the case of SC/ST women who return from work only by night and
have to walk a long distance to home, which is unsafe.
The project will provide special benefits to women by increasing the opportunity among girls
to access middle level and higher education, and the access for women and children to
improved local services and higher levels of health care outside the village.
A detailed list of key benefits on the roads as derived by the process of gender analysis is
enumerated in Table 4.1 below.
Table 7.1: Anticipated impacts as voiced by women
Sl. No.
Anticipated impacts as voiced by women
1 Social mobility will further increase: women will visit their maternal home, relatives and religious places more often comfortably.
2 Health status of women will improve and child bearing will become safer for women
3 Instance of Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) & Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) will be reduced with the enhanced assess and timely availability of medical facilities
4 Women can move out to markets and work independently as they would no longer have to depend on makes because of insecurity of travel.
5 More shops will open in the villages which will reduce drudgery of traveling long distance to weekly haats
6 Easy access to market for selling agricultural and forest produces
7 Children will not find it difficult to go to school & more girls will move out to study in high schools and even colleges
8 During road construction, women may get labour work road other employment_opportunities will also increase.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 25 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-7 Date: November 2009 Gender Impact of the Project Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
25
In other words, the project will provide opportunities to both men and women and offer
special benefits to women by increasing the opportunity - among girls to access middle level
and higher education, and the access for women and children to improved local services
and higher levels of health care outside the village.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 26 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-8 Date: November 2009 HIV/ AIDS and Human Trafficking Risks Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
26
88 ..00 HH IIVV// AAIIDDSS AANNDD HHUUMMAANN TTRRAAFFFFIICCKKIINNGG
RR IISSKKSS
8.1 General
While HIV / AIDS is clearly a health problem, the world has come to realize it is also a
development problem that threatens human welfare, social-economic advances,
productivity, social cohesion, and even national security. Globally, it is estimated that 39.5
million people are living with HIV /AIDS in 2006 consequently making HIV / AIDS reach into
every corner of society, affecting parents, children and youth, teachers and health workers,
rich and poor.
8.2 Local Context
India is on the brink of one of the biggest public health challenges in its history. As per the
National Aids Control Organization (NACO) statistics, the HIV/ AIDS estimates in India for
year 2004 is reported as 5.134 million infections. While the 2006 NACO estimates suggest
national adult HIV prevalence in India is approximately 0.36 percent, amounting to between
2 and 3.1 million people.
This is less than one percent of country‟s population and far-removed from the double digit
figures in parts of Africa. Still, India has the second highest number of people living with HIV/
AIDS globally and over 60% of the 7.4 million people living with HIV/ AIDS (PLWHA) in the
Asia and pacific region. Given the large population base, a rise of just a few percentage
points in the HIV prevalence rate can push up the number of those living with HIV/ AIDS to
millions.
As per NACO, HIV infection is typically concentrated among the poor, marginalized groups,
including sex workers, drug users, migrant labourers and truck drivers who are categorized
as the „high risk groups‟. These groups, particularly the truckers, drive the HIV/ AIDS
epidemic and many studies indicate that infection is spreading rapidly to the general
population.
Uttar Pradesh, having population of 31.84 million is one of most densely populated state in
India and is amongst one of the highly vulnerable states. According to the Uttar
Pradesh State Aids Control Society (KSACS), the number of people infected with HIV
has reached 55,167. HIV prevalence rate in the general population is 0.26 percent,
which is less than the national average of 0.34 percent. These figures have been revealed
by the NACOs Integrated Counselling and Testing Centres (CTC).
Human Trafficking, on the other hand is one of the fastest growing transnational crimes. In
the broadest sense, trafficking includes sexual exploitation as well as domestic servitude,
unsafe agricultural labor, sweatshop labor, construction or restaurant work. The better road
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 27 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-8 Date: November 2009 HIV/ AIDS and Human Trafficking Risks Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
27
& communication faculties have increased the catchments area beyond traditional enclaves
to far flung areas ensuring constant supply.
Transport infrastructure, by means of augmenting access and mobility can potentially add
up to the influx of truckers in the project areas and in turn lead to increase in commercial sex
activities at the roadside dhabas used by truck drivers and helpers as a result making the
region hazardous for transmission of AIDS virus as well as human trafficking risks.
Based on this premises one of the key components of Project areas regarding HIV/ AIDS
and trafficking risks and the project implications on the same. In order to assess these risks,
the following methodology was adopted:
a) Focus group discussions FGD‟s) were undertaken with truckers along the project
focusing on the issue of the HIV/ AIDS & trafficking
b) In addition, semi-structured interactions were undertaken with different stakeholders
such as village Mukhia, men & women‟s group, school teachers at the village level
as well as with health personnel at village and block level namely - Auxiliary Nurse
Midwives (ANMs) and Aanganwadi workers.
c) Deck review of secondary data available related to HIV / AIDS and trafficking data in
Uttar Pradesh and in India.
The key findings with regard to these risks derived from this process are summed up as
below.
8.3 Current Status & Project Impacts
8.3.1 HIV/ AIDS Risks
In both the districts, i.e. Agra, Hathras and Aligarh, intersections were undertaken at four
levels namely the village level, block level, sub district level and district level to access these
risks. These discussions brought forth that by and large there exists information at the
village level on HIV/ AIDS. In most cases this information has been either through television,
ANMs or awareness campaigns organized by the block / district level health agencies.
However, the scale of awareness on the spread of the disease and precautions remain low.
The awareness level is even lower in case of women and due to the social taboo‟ attached
with the disease, even the Aanganwadi and ANMs refrain from discussing it at the village
level.
Intersections with government personnel at the block level revealed that AIDS cases have
not been reported in the project corridor.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 28 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-8 Date: November 2009 HIV/ AIDS and Human Trafficking Risks Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
28
Attempts were thus being made by the respective block level health departments and NGO
to spread awareness on this disease. Interactions with the Block Medical Officers at HS and
NGO in all the blocks brought forth that annually awareness campaigns are organized at the
block and village level to spread awareness on the HIV/ AIDS.
During the interaction with the Medical Officers and NGO in the project districts, it was by
and large shared that the project entailing improvement of the project road will play an
important role in making the awareness campaign on AIDS more effective by augmenting
the outreach on the issue to remote villages with better road network. Similarly the
frequency of visits by the health workers and of the local communities to block and district
centers, the awareness exchange will become more frequent.
The proposed improvement of NH is thus not anticipated to lead at any increase in HIV /
AIDS risks in the area as such.
8.3.2 Human Trafficking Risks
No cases of Trafficking were reported by any of the stakeholders during the course of the
study. In addition, since it is an already existing selected road, the proposed augmentation
no manner is perceived to lead to trafficking in the area.
8.4 Summing Up Taking into account, the growing prevalence of HIV/ AIDS in the districts of the project area,
if might be useful for the MoRT&H to collaborate with the State AIDS Control Society and
the district level AIDS Control Societies to further enhance the awareness campaigns on
HIV/ AIDS in the project areas.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 29 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-9 Date: November 2009 R & R Budget Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
29
99 ..00 RR && RR BBUUDDGGEETT
A detailed budget for the Package has been presented in Table 9.1. The number of PAHs
has been taken from the Consultants‟ Census survey. The compensation amount for the
acquisition of land and structures will be determined by the Competent Authority. The land
costs have been obtained from sub registrar Agra, Hathras, Aligarh. The replacement cost
of structures has been obtained from the Uttar Pradesh PWD, and BSR. Over and above,
the EPs will be entitled for R&R assistance as per the entitlement framework, prepared on
the basis of the NPRR Policy.
Table 9.1: R&R Budget for the Package
Sl. No.
Item Unit Quantity Rate (in
Rs.) Total
A. Compensation
1 Acquisition of residential structures: Compensation
sqm 25 10000 200,000
2 Acquisition of commercial structures: Compensation
sqm 15 12000 180,000
3 Acquisition of residential cum Commercial structures : Compensation
sqm 17 12000 204,000
4 Acquisition of other property structures: Compensation
sqm 58 8000 464,000
Sub Total: Compensation 1,048,000
B. Assistance
5 House construction grant (Resi. and R cum C)
sqm 57 500 285,000
6 Assistance to Vulnerable sqm 1500 2500 3,750,000
7 Shifting Assistance Family 225 2000 450,000
8 Transitional allowance for nine Months
Family 225 4000 900,000
9 Development of resettlement sites: Residential
sqm 11250 1400 15,750,000
10 Conservation of Temples & Mosque L.S 58 100000 5,800,000
Sub Total: Assistance 26,935,000
C. Training for staff and project families
11 Training to staff and NGOs L.S 250000 250,000
12 Training for Economic Rehabilitaiton
Family 225 700 157,500
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 30 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-9 Date: November 2009 R & R Budget Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
30
Sl. No.
Item Unit Quantity Rate (in
Rs.) Total
Sub Total: Training 407,500
D. Support for Implementatin of RAP
13 Studies L.S
50,000 50,000
14 Strengthening of Social cell Corporate office & PIU computers with printers, softwares, etc.
L.S
1,000,000 1,000,000
15 NGO assistance for RAP Implementation
Family 225 2500 562,500
Sub total: Support for Implementation of RAP 1,612,500
E M&E consultaiton Family 225 700 157,500
Grand Total 30,160,500
Total Budget for Resettlement and Rehabilitation would be Rs. 3.02 Crores.
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 31 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-10 Date: November 2009 Conclusion Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
31
1100..00 CCOONNCCLLUUSSIIOONN
This chapter briefs the major issues identified during the initial social assessment phase.
10.1 Need for the Project
There was positive response and unanimity amongst the community towards the need and
benefits of the project.
10.2 Project Impacts
The improvement of the selected roads under the Project is expected to contribute to
contribute to overall benefits in terms of augmented access to base service provision within
the sub-project area.
The key benefits and impacts of the project as
Table 10.1: Summary of development Impacts of the project
Development Impacts Benefits
1. Economic Impact
Short term employment during road construction
Benefits to the local community especial especially the socio-economically weaker sections engaged in wage labour by providing them with temporary employment opportunities
Increase in employment opportunities & Business in the subproject area
Development to the local economy & business opportunities for local entrepreneurs
Creation of employment opportunities for the community especially BPL families
Reduction in Vehicle Operation Cost
Anticipated reduction in transport fares thereby benefiting the overall economy of the area and making travel more affordable especially for the poor
Increased access to labour markets
More avenues of employment and as aresult more livelihood options for BPL
2. Social Impact
Increased access to social services
Reduction in disease, dropout rates in the area.
Improved quality of lift
Socio-economic development as a result of the project will lead to improved standard of Living of
Project: Feasibility Report for Agra to Aligarh section of NH-93 Sheet: 32 of 32 Document: P-62/SIA /Chap-10 Date: November 2009 Conclusion Revision: R0
SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (SIA) REPORT
32
the community.
3. Gender Impact
Improved accessibility to avail services especially health & education
Better health status of women, reduction in dropout rates of girls in the area
Increase in security level while travelling
Increased mobility of women in the area
4. Impact on IP Groups
No adverse socio-cultural or Differential impact
Better access to socio-economic facilities
Wage labour opportunity during construction
Creation of income opportunities in the area
5. Impact on HIV / AIDS & Trafficking
With augmented access, awareness Campaign will be able to reach even remote village. Also with increase in mobility of the local communities to block and district centres, the awareness exchange will become more frequent.
Better awareness level among the local Community on HIV/ AIDS
The proposed project by augmenting access and creation of economic opportunities is expected to reduce the migration of locals to urban areas, indirectly contributing to checking HIV / AIDS prevalence.
No trafficking cases or risks reported
Increase in safety of women while travelling