Project 524
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Transcript of Project 524
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USE OBSERVATION METHOD
FOR DATA COLLECTION
Submitted to:
SIR OBAID S. KAMAL
Submitted by:
SHAKIL-UR-REHMAN
AA-580996
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HFH is one of the
biggest Govt. Health
Care provided hospital
in the twin cities(RWP/ISB), the study is
conducted in above
mentioned hospital and
the data was primary.
ORGANIZATIONAL STUDY
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Observation is a primary method of collecting
data by human, mechanical, electrical or electronics
means with direct or indirect contact.
Observation is the main source of information in
the field research. The researcher goes into the field and
observes the conditions in their natural state. There are
many types of observation, direct or indirect, participant
or non-participant, obtrusive or non-obtrusive,
structured or non-structured etc.
TOPIC INTRODUCTION
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Observation is a technique that involves
systematically selecting, watching & recording:
* Behaviour
* Events
* Noting Physical Characteristics
WHAT IS OBSERVATION?
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Data collection possibilities are wide and varied
with any one method of collection not inherently
better than any other
Each has pros and cons that must be weighed up
in view of a rich and complex context
DATA COLLECTION OPTIONS
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All methods of collection require rigorous and
systematic design and execution that includes
Thorough planning
Well considered development
Effective piloting
Weighed modification
Deliberate implementation and execution
Appropriate management and analysis
DATA COLLECTION PROCESS
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PRIMARY:
Primary data are those data which are collected
fresh and 1st time & thus happens to be original in
character.
SECONDARY:
Secondary data someone else has collected
TYPES OF DATA
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COMMUNICATION METHODS:
Interacting with respondents
Asking for their opinions, attitudes, motivations,
characteristics
OBSERVATION METHODS:
No interaction with respondents
Letting them behave naturally and drawing
conclusions from their actions
METHODS OF PRIMARY D.C
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OTHER S METHODS OF D.C
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Observation Method
Interview Method
Through Questionnaires
Through Schedules
Other Method
METHODS OF D.C w.r.t ORGANIZATION
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Observation relies on the researchers ability to
gather data though their senses - and allows
researchers to document actual behaviour rather
than responses related to behaviour
However, the observed can act differently when
surveilled, and observations can be tainted by a
researchers worldview
OBSERVATION
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OBSERVATION CAN RANGE FROM:
From structured to unstructured
Disguised or Undisguised
Natural or Contrived
Non-participant to Participant
Personal
Mechanical
OBSERVATION TYPES
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The observation process is sometimes treated
casually, but is a method that needs to be treated
as rigorously as any other
The process should include planning, observing,
recording, reflecting, and authenticating
OBSERVATION PROCESS
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SURVEY DESIGN
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CONCLUSION
W.R.T TOPIC/ORGANIZATION
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Methods of collection data depends upon:
Nature of problem
Time and Money available
Mostly, data is collected through use of
primary source. one has to collect primary
data for which a number of methods are
available such as observations, in-depth
techniques, experiments and surveys.
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Lack of Facilities (Funds, Grants,
Technology, Training, Research &
Development)
Poor Administration
Communication Problem
Traditional Data Collection Method
Untrained observers
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RECOMMENDATIONS
W.R.T TOPIC/ORGANIZATION
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Determine the Focus
Design a system for data collection
Recording sheets & Checklists
Observation guides
Field Notes
Select the sits
Select the observers
Trained the observers
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Time your observation appropriately
Educational Institute
Health Care Facilities
Research & Development
National & International Relations via
(Video Conferencing, Delegation and
Conferences/Lectures etc.)
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