Airline Deregulation and Laissez-Faire Mythology: Economic ...
PROGRESSIVE PRESIDENTS Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson President’s that are not laissez-faire.
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Transcript of PROGRESSIVE PRESIDENTS Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson President’s that are not laissez-faire.
PROGRESSIVE PRESIDENTS
Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson
President’s that are
not laissez-faire.
Theodore Roosevelt
Huge supporter of Progressive Reform and forest conservation
His plan to fix America was the Square Deal: Keep the rich and powerful
from taking advantage of small business owners and the poor
Make sure there is no corruption in government (ensure a square [fair] deal)
Roosevelt the Reformer (Good and Bad Trusts)
Elkins Act: fined railroads that gave special rates/rebates to favored shippers Set up because the Supreme Court had decreased the
power of the Interstates Commerce Commission (ICC) Hepburn Act: strengthened the power of the ICC
Government can set and limit shipping rates Set maximum prices for ferries, bridge tolls and oil
pipelines Northern Securities vs. US: Roosevelt broke
up a railroad trust (trustbuster or trust-tamer?) Anthracite Coal Strike: Roosevelt helped coal
miners on strike to get a pay raise and 9 hour workday First time government had sided with workers
Roosevelt Cleans House
After the publication of The Jungle, Roosevelt demands reform Meat Inspection Act:
government inspects meat crossing state lines and inspects meat processing plants
Pure Food and Drug Act: placed the same controls on other foods and medicines Labels on food Consumed items are now
tested and approved by the Food and Drug Administration
William Howard Taft in Office
Hand picked by Roosevelt to carry on with his plans but Taft set his own agenda Did not distinguish between good and bad
trusts…busted all big businesses that were unreasonable Standard Oil and US Steel
Mann Act: gave the government control over telephone and telegraph rates
Payne- Aldrich Tariff: lowered tariffs but not enough to make Roosevelt happy Led to many Progressives withdrawing their
support for Taft
Progressive/Bull Moose Party
Roosevelt was so unhappy with Taft’s policies
Progressives form their own party (splits the Republican party)
Roosevelt claims that he was as “strong as a bull moose” to break up trusts (New Nationalism)
The Election of 1912
Progressives: Roosevelt (17%)
Republicans: Taft (1%)
Democrats: Woodrow Wilson (82%), had the best chance Wins because the
votes were split between Roosevelt and Taft
Wilson’s New Freedom
Looked a lot like Roosevelt’s New Nationalism plan
Put strict government controls on big corporations (monopolies)
Provide more freedom for small businesses
Attacked tariffs, banks and trusts
Wilson in Office
16th Amendment: graduated income tax Wealthy pay a higher percentage than poor
people Federal Reserve Act: put banks under the
control of the government and Federal Reserve Sets interests rates and the reserve rate (how
much money banks must have in the bank) Clayton Antitrust Act: strengthened
previous antitrust laws and spelled out what trusts could not do
18th Amendment
Prohibition: Outlawed the production and sale of alcohol Became law with the
18th Amendment Supported by women
who had supported Temperance (moderation) Carrie A. Nation
attacked bars with hatchets and Bibles
Volstead Act: law that enforced the amendment
Prohibition would improve families and society “A noble experiment” Result: increase in
organized crime to get liquor outMoonshineRum runners
Read pages 507-510 Page 507: 4 RFQ Page 510: 1-4
Read page 511 Answer the Analyze the Impact question. Brown v Board of Education Information can
be found on pages 911-913