Progress Report

on drafting “ Concept of the Low Carbon Town”

2nd Meeting of Low-Carbon Model Town Task Force

9 May 2011

Asia Pacific Energy Research Centre (APERC)

A. Work plan to prepare the final draft Concept of the Low-Carbon Town and to prepare the final draft policy recommendation

B. Key points in the first Draft Concept of Low- Carbon Town

a. Backgroundb. Overview on Overall plan and Strategy for

developing the Low Carbon Townc. Strategy for developing the Low Carbon

Town

Outline

2

LCMT Project Scheme

ANRE/METI/JAPAN (Project Overseer)

Study Group (A) : Development of

“Concept of the Low- Carbon Town”

APERC(Executant) => Overall Coordinator

LCMT Task Force: Advice on the Project planning and Share the best practices and outcomes

Feasibility Study conducted by Competent Consultant

Study Group (B) :Policy review based on

technical analysis

2) Quantitative analysis of CO2 saving effects/costs

Participate

Participate

Disseminate

direct

Conducted by Study Group

1) Development of LCD Guideline

Participate

3

Work Plan to Prepare Final Draft Concept and Policy Recommendations

2011

LCMT-TF2EWG41

TEMC EWG42 AELM

(May) (June)

Site visits anda meeting byStudy Group A

Conce

pt of

the L

ow

-Carb

on T

ow

n

Policy

Reco

mm

endati

ons

1st Draft Concept

Study Group BNomination

On-site assessmentby Study Group B

(Yujiapu CBD)

(July) (August) (September) (October) (November)

Final Draft Concept

Report andDissemination

Draft Policy Recommendations

2nd Draft Concept

(May) (June) (July) (August)

2011

(September) (October) (November)

4

• “Introduction of low-carbon technologies in city planning to boost energy efficiency and reduce fossil-fuel use is vital to manage rapidly growing energy consumption in urban areas. We have therefore launched an APEC Low-Carbon Model Town Project to present successful models for coordinated usage of advanced low-carbon technologies.”

• “We instruct the EWG to establish a Task Force to implement an APEC Low-Carbon Model Town Project. The Low- Carbon Model Town Task Force should develop the concept of a Low-Carbon Town, conduct feasibility studies to encourage creation of low-carbon communities in urban development plans, and share best practices for making such communities a reality.”

Background(1): EMM9 Declaration

5

(Source) "World Urbanization Prospects ： The 2009 Revision "http://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/index.htm

Background(2): Urbanization and Growing Energy Use and CO2 Emissions

6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

Prop

ortio

n urb

an p

opula

tion

(%)

Australia

Brunei Darussalam

Canada

Chile

China

Hong Kong, China

Indonesia

Japan

Korea

Malaysia

Mexico

New Zealand

Papua New Guinea

Peru

The Philippines

The Russian Federation

Singapore

Thailand

United States

Viet NamYear

• “Low-Carbon Town” ： town, or city, or village which seeks to achieve its target of significantly reducing CO2 emissions, irrespective of its size and characteristics

• Purpose of developing the Concept of “LCT”: is to provide the central and local government officials with a basic idea on what “a Low-Carbon Town” is and how a Low-Carbon Town should be developed.

Meaning of “Low-Carbon Town (LCT)” and Purpose of Developing “LCT”

7

Image of Categorized Low-Carbon Town

8

・低炭素建築

Highly efficient

air conditioning,

LED, BMS, etc.

District energy（DHC）

Solar/wind power

generation

Waste incineration plant

Using waste heat

ＬＲＴ

〔Residential District〕

・Low carbon houses

・Solar power, etc.

Electric vehicle （EV）

Farmland

〔Farming Community〕

・Low carbon houses

・Biomass, etc.

Wind power generation

Intercity public railway

transport control system

District energy network

Using river water

Solar panels

District cooling/heating

Mega solar

power

generation

Biomass power

generation

Farmland

Low carbon buildings

Untapped energy

〔Central Business District〕

Overview of Overall Plan and Strategy for Developing Low Carbon Town

9

Specifying a town to be developed

Categorizing the town to be developed

Refining Ordinary Developing Plan, focusing on reduction of CO2 emissions

Setting quantitative low carbon targets

Selecting the most appropriate set of cost-effective low carbon measures

Low carbon plan of the central and local government

Economy level plan

Overall Plan to develop Low-Carbon town

Ordinary town development plan

Strategy for developing Low-Carbon Town

Strategy for Developing Low-Carbon Town

10

Setting quantitative low carbon targets

Listing and categorizing available low carbon measures

Evaluating the effects of low carbon measures

Low carbon development strategy

・Setting quantitative low carbon targets, considering the

economy- level plan, categorization of town/city characteristics

・Categorizing measures by supply side of energy and demand side of energy ・Sub categorizing measures into a large classification, for

example demand side measures into buildings, transportation, etc.

・Categorizing breakdown of energy supply side (renewable

energy and untapped energy, etc.)

Selecting the most appropriate set of cost-effective Low carbon measures

Low-Carbon Measures

11

省エネ機器導入 （家電等）

エコカー導入

交通対策

省エネ設備導入 （給湯等）

Energy-saving

equipment

Energy-saving

facilities Eco-building

s Eco-cars

Untapped and renewable

energies

Transforming

city structures

Easing traffic congestions

Energy-saving

behaviors

Area wide

optimized energy use Preserving forests

and farmlands

Urban forestation

Heat island effect reduction

Disaster prevention

History &

Culture

Crime

prevention Urban Policies

Disaster

Prevention Economic

Dynamis

m

Landscape

Preservation

Convenience

Categorization of Town

12

Type of Town Characteristics of Town Infrastructure

Development

Laws and

Regulations Area Population

Density

Land

Usage

Urban

CBD （Ⅰ） 100ha- High Mixed Sufficient

Insufficient

limited

Sufficient

Insufficient

limited

Commercial

Centered

Town （Ⅱ）

-100ha Middle

to High

Mixed

Residential

Centered

Town （Ⅲ）

Middle Mainly

Housing

Village

Village

Island （Ⅳ）

Low Farming

Fishing

Resort

Classification of Low-Carbon Measures

13

Note 1:「 H 」 : Potentially highly effective, 「 M 」 : Potentially effective,

「 L 」 : Potentially less effective or difficult to apply, 「 X 」 : Not effective at all or unlikely to applyBEMS: Building Energy Management System, ZEB: Zero Energy Building, AEMS: Area Energy Management System

Classification

Low Carbon

Measure

Applicability as

per Type of

Town

Note 1)

Supply /

demand

Major

classification

Minor

classification

I II III IV

Intra-city

supply

side

Generating /

distributing

power

Infrastructures

for

generating/

storing

power

Large-scale power

generation facility

M M L L

Distributed power

facility

M M L L

Cogeneration

system

H H L L

Large-scale power

storage, etc.

M M L L

District

energy (heat

supply)

District cooling/heating H M L

Untapped

energy

Using sea/river water H M L

Using waste heat such as waste

incineration plants

H M M

Using waste heat such as sewage

treatment plants

H M L

Using waste heat from factories M M M X

Renewable

energy

Solar power generation (mega solar

power generation)

M M M M

Using solar heat (large-scale solar

heat)

M M M M

Biomass power generation (bio gas

power generation, etc.)

L L M

Wind power generation L L H

Geo-thermal power generation L L M

Hydroelectric power generation

(small- and middle-scale)

L L M

Classification of Low-Carbon Measures

14

Classification

Low Carbon

Measure

Applicability

as per Type of

Town

Note 1)

Supply /

demand

Major classification Minor

classification I II III IV

Demand

side

Composition of

urban space

TOD development

Environment

space

development

Green way NW H H H M

Underground

space NW

M L X X

Buildings Reducing

loads

H H H H

Highly

efficient

facility

systems

H H H H

Equipment

installed at

facilities

Fuel cells, etc. H H M M

Management Energy

management

systems

BEMS (HEMS,

FEMS)

H H H H

ZEB M M H H

AEMS H H H H

Environment-related

infrastructures

City climate Micro climate,

heat island

H M M X

Wastes Collecting

wastes,

recycling

resources

H H H H

Using energy

(bio gas), using

sewage sludge

M M L H

Water supply /

sewage

Re-using

treated waste

water

H H M L

Classification of Low-Carbon Measures

15

Classification

Low Carbon Measure

Applicability as

per Type of

Town

Note 1)

Supply /

demand

Major

classification

Minor

classification

I II III IV

Transportation

system

Public

transportation

systems

Public transportation NW M M M X

Intra-district

transportation system

(busses, LRT, etc.)

H H H L

Short-distance

transportation

systems

Intra-city community

bicycle

H H H L

Short-distance

transportation system

H H H L

Vehicles EV M M M M

EV bus M M M M

EV-related

hardware

Quick charger, small

battery

M M M M

Natural

gas-driven

vehicles, etc.

M M M M

Both

supply

and

demand

sides

Smart grid

system (mainly

for electric power

system)

Power control

systems

Power monitoring control

system

H H M L

Power stabilization

system

H H M L

Other systems

Network Network infrastructures H H M L

Network-related

technology,

communication modules,

measuring systems, etc.

H H M L

Smart energy

system (energy

integration)

Smart energy system H H M L

On-Going Projects to develop “LCT”

16* Total population

Type of Town Low Carbon Town Project

Economy Population

I Urban Type1

Yujiapu CBD, Tianjin

China 500,000

Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco City

China 350,000

Quezon City Green CBD

Philippine

II Urban Type2

Putrajaya Green City

Malaysia 68､000 (300,000

planned) Da Nang (Pilot City

of WB Eco2 Cities Project)

Viet Nam 1 million *

Cebu City (Pilot City of WB Eco2 Cities Project)

Philippine 820,000

Surabaya (Pilot City of WB Eco2 Cities Project)

Indonesia 2.8 million

Yokahama Smart City Project

Japan 3.7 million

III Residence Type

Plunggol Eco Town Singapore

Pulau Ubin Singapore IV Village Type

Muang Klang Low Carbon City

Thailand 17,000

Jeju Island Smart Green City

Korea 6,000 households

Low Carbon Island (Penghu Island and Others)

Chinese Taipei

88,000

Thank youThank you for your kind attentionfor your kind attention

http://www.ieej.or.jp/aperc/http://www.ieej.or.jp/aperc/

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