Progress report of TFG 7 “Fire resistance test” May 14, 2014 Korea Transportation Safty...

Progress report of TFG 7

“Fire resistance test”

May 14, 2014

Korea Transportation Safty Authority (TS)

Korea Automobile Testing & Research Institute (KATRI)

Hyuk JUNG, Chief Researcher

5th EVS Informal Meeting

Table of Contents

Future Plan of TFG 733

Progress Report of KATRI Research22

Status of TFG 7 Activity11

Study and discuss component based fire resistance test procedure

of REESS 7.2.6.3.2 which has been proposed by Korea as an

alternative.

Specification of optimized test equipment to fire resistance test conditions

Justification for the temperature and thermal energy of fire resistance test(A) compared to those of GTR draft(B)

Allowance of installation of additional protection device on REESS pack during the test

Any issues addressed in the process of discussion about fire

resistance

• Review the applicability of fire resistance test(A) to vehicle

based test

1. Status of TFG 7 Activity

Task

1/27

We had started discussion by e-mail from 13th Feb. We

aggregated

comments and questions from member of TFG 7 and reflect those

to

KATRI’s study scope.

Circulate the draft of TFG TOR by leader with members : 13th

Feb.

Collect an opinion about the draft of TFG TOR from members :

~March.

KATRI give members feedback on members’ responses : 8th

Apr.

Collecting an additional opinion

• Comment by Japan(JARI) : 21st Apr.

• Comment by China(CATRC) : 29th Apr.


Activity

2/27

Japan • The fire resistance test should simulate a catching fire from the road surface • The height of flame to the battery pack • Vehicle-based test procedures are necessary

OICA • The motives/justification for the changes in the ECE R100.02 test procedure • Equivalency between two component based test procedures, A and B • Material/data explaining and justifying the threshold of 800°C • Necessity of applying test(A) to vehicle based test

China • Equivalency between two component based test procedures, A and B • The height of flame to the battery pack • IF the test A is suitable for components, we can consider Vehicle-based test


Member’s Opinion

3/27

1) CFD simulation about current test-equipment of KATRI :

Finished

2) Study on justification for the temperature and thermal energy

of

the fire resistance test(A) compared to those of GTR draft(B) :

Ongoing

3) Develop an optimized solution of current test equipment by

CFD

simulation : Ongoing

4) Modify the current test equipment and performance test : Not

yet

5) Allowance of installation of additional protection device on

REESS pack

during the test : Finished

6) Review the applicability of test(A) to vehicle based test : Not

yet

☞ IF the test A is suitable for components, we will consider this

4/27

In 7.2.6.3.2.2 Component based test, test-device should include additional protection device while fire resistance test which is stated as [3.35. "Tested-Device" means either the complete REESS or the subsystem of a REESS that is subjected to the tests prescribed by this regulation.] and [3.30 The REESS may include subsystem(s) together with the necessary ancillary systems for physical support, thermal management, electronic control and casing]


Study Status of TFG 7

2. Progress Report of KATRI Research

Study Process

5/27

Study Item #1 Study on justification for the temperature and thermal energy of the fire resistance test(A) compared to those of GTR draft(B)

CFD simulation about current test equipment of KATRIVerify CFD simulation result of test (A)(Using the temp. data of KATRI’s fire resistance test A)Develop a optimized solution of current test equipment of KATRI by CFD simulation

Modify the current test-equipment according to total optimization solution

Verify performance of modified test-equipment (Fire resistance test A with mockup, Temp. measuring)CFD simulation about test A & B in same condition(with Mockup)

KATRI indoor fire resistance test (B)

Verify CFD simulation result of test (B)(Using the temp. data of KATRI’s fire resistance test B)

CFD simulation about test A & B in same condition(with Mockup)

CFD simulation about fire resistance test (B) condition

Temperature and thermal energy of the fire resistance test(A) compared tothose of GTR draft(B)

KATRI indoor fire resistance test (B)

6/27


Test Site : Korea Institute of Construction Technology (KICT) / Fire Research Center

Size : 30m(W) × 38m(L) × 39m(H), - Floor area : 1,140 ㎡ Dust collection equipment : 150,000 m3/hr Hood : Ø 10 m

Test configurationsDescriptions

* Mock-up simulates real REESS size - Small : 300×200×300 mm, Floor area : 0.06 ㎡ - Large : 1,000×1,000×200 mm, Floor area : 1 ㎡

* Pool size & Fuel quantity(25ℓ/m2) - Small (0.42 ㎡ ) : 700 × 600 × 130 mm, 10.5ℓ - Large (2.25 ㎡ ) : 1,500 × 1,500 × 130 mm, 56.25ℓ - water 25 mm, Fuel 25 mm

* DAQ get 25 temp. channel -10, 30, 50, 70, 100cm above the Fuel surface - horizontally 5 points at each height - K-Type Thermocouple : ∅1.6mm, L: 1300mm

7/27

2. Progress Report of KATRI Research Horizontally 5 points



 < Large Size 5 points>

< Large Size Mockup >

8/27

2. Progress Report of KATRI Research Test condition Small & Large pool / Free burning & with Mock-up condition: total 4 conditions Flame temperature measuring continuously from ignition to natural extinguishing Ambient Temperature : about 20 ℃

Test scene





< Large pool-Free burning >

< Large pool-Burning with Mockup >

Hood height : 6mFrame height : 2~3m

Hood height : 7mFrame height : 4~6m

Air flow : 0.02~0.33 m/s

9/27

2. Progress Report of KATRI Research Test result

10/27

2. Progress Report of KATRI Research Test result

11/27

Test Equipment (Front view)

Test Equipment (Rear view)

Part of burning Nozzle

Mock-up DUT - 920 x 605 x 206 mm

Install of Thermocouple - K-Type, 1.5 mm - place : 25 mm

Measuring of Temp. - 5 point

Temp. distribution- 800 ℃ Reaching : 14 sec-Total Avg. Temp. : 914 ℃- Temp. Range : 840 ~ 1050 ℃


KATRI test result of test (A)

( Reference EVS-02-07 )

12/27


- FDS software: The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) and Smoke view are the products of an international collaborative effort led by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland.Fire Dynamics Simulator is a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of fire-driven fluid flow. FDS solves numerically a form of the Navier-Stokes equations appropriate for low-speed (Ma < 0.3), thermally-driven flow with an emphasis on smoke and heat transport from fires. FDS has been aimed at solving practical fire problems in fire protection engineering, while at the same time providing a tool to study fundamental fire dynamics and combustion.This software is used for simulating the gasoline pool-burning.

- ANSYS FLUENT software: ANSYS Fluent software contains the broad physical modeling capabilities needed to model flow, turbulence, heat transfer, and reactions for industrial applications ranging from air flow over an aircraft wing to combustion in a furnace, from bubble columns to oil platforms, from blood flow to semiconductor manufacturing, and from clean room design to wastewater treatment plants. ANSYS Fluent incorporates a comprehensive suite of reacting flow-modeling capabilities and simulate gaseous reactions using either reduced or complex chemistry. Pollutant models are built in to allow easy and accurate pollution emission predictions for NO, SO and soot. This software is used for simulating the LPG burner-burning.

Introduction of CFD simulation tools

CFD simulation

Verify CFD simulation result of test (B)

13/27


Small pool-Free burning Simulation

[By FDS Software]

14/27

2. Progress Report of KATRI Research Small pool-Free burning





Small pool- Burning with Mockup

15/27

3. Progress Report of KATRI Research Large pool-Free burning

<Large pool-Burning with Mockup CFD simulation result>

<Large pool-Free burning CFD simulation result>

Large pool- Burning with Mockup

Develop an optimized solution of current test equipment by CFD simulation - Ongoing

16/27


LPG Burner-Burning with Mockup Simulation

<LPG Burner-Burning with Small Mockup CFD simulation result (Middle of Mockup)>

<LPG Burner-Burning with Large Mockup

CFD simulation result (Middle of Mockup)>

[By ANSYS FLUENT Software]

Develop a totally optimized solution of current test equipment of KATRI by CFD simulation

17/27


LPG Burner-Burning with Mockup Simulation

<LPG Burner-Burning with Small Mockup CFD simulation result>

<LPG Burner-Burning with Large Mockup CFD simulation result>

18/27


Test (B) Heat Flow[kW] at 50cm

Parameter Phase B Phase C

Small Mockup 26 20

Large Mockup 160 105

Test (A) Heat Flow[kW]

Parameter Direct exposure

Small Mockup 16.50

Large Mockup 117.99

< TEST(B) Large pool-burning CFD simulation result>

<TEST(B) Small pool-burning CFD simulation result>

Phase B Phase C Phase B Phase C

Heat Flow by CFD simulation in the pool-burning and LPG Burner-Burning with Mockup

<cf.> Heat flow is defined: where cp is specific heat, T is temperature and ρu∙dS is mass flow rate.

Thermal energy comparison of test(A) with GTR draft(B)

Thermal energy comparison of test(A) with GTR draft(B

19/27


Test (A) Direct exposure, 120[s]Pre-

heating15[s]☜ 800 ℃ Reaching

Time SUM

ParameterHeat Flux[kW/m2]

Thermal Energy[kJ/m2]


Total Energy[kJ/m2]

Small Mockup 275 32,992 4,124 37,116 Large Mockup 118 14,158 1,770 15,928

Total Energy per unit area by CFD simulation

Test (B) Phase B, 70[s] Phase C, 60[s] SUM

ParameterHeat Flux[kW/m2]


Heat Flux[kW/m2]


Total Energy[kJ/m2]

Small Pool 433 30,333 333 23,333 53,667

Large Pool 160 11,200 105 7,350 18,550


Study Process

20/27

Study Item #2 Study on Specification of optimized test equipment to test conditions of fire resistance test(A)

CFD simulation about current test equipment of KATRI

Verify CFD simulation result (Using the temp. data of KATRI’s fire resistance test A)

Develop a optimized solution of current test equipment of KATRI by CFD simulation : Ongoing

Modify the current test-equipment according to total optimization solutionVerify performance of modified test-equipment (Fire resistance test A with mockup, Temp. measuring)

Present the results of intermediate study

Expected to be finished by June


Specification of optimized test equipment – Not yet

21/27

The height from the nozzle to the bottom of DUT : 300 mm


22/27

Optimized conditions

Nozzle spacing : 75 mm

Number of Nozzle : 500 EA

LPG mass flow rate: 120 kg/h

LPG Supply Pressure : 2,215 Pa

Result for KATRI indoor fire resistance Test(B) This test shows a large deviation of flame temperature from 500℃ to 1000℃, according to measured positions at the same height. The average temperature of center area at each height is a little bit higher then or similar to frame temperature of “Technical Justification No 45” on EVS GTR draft . At EVS-02-07, the flame temperature of Test(A) is 840~1050 ℃ during 2 minutes and average flame temperature is 940 ℃.

Verify CFD analysis result of test(B) The flame pattern and the temperature is similar to actual data of KATRI.

CFD simulation result of test(A) Some area under 800℃ can be solved the improvement of test equipment by fuel quantity control later.

23/27

Comments for ‘Fire resistance test’


CFD analysis result of total thermal energy per unit area of

mockup

The total thermal energy of test (A) is 37,000 kJ/m2 for small size

mockup and

16,000 kJ/m2 for large size mockup and in the case of test (B) is

54,000 kJ/m2

at small and 18,000 kJ/m2 at large.

The thermal energy per unit area of test (B) is 44% higher than

test (A) for the

small, the test (B) is 16% higher than test (A) for the large.

Both of total thermal energy per unit area of test (A) and (B) for

small mockup are

higher than the result for large mockup.

In case of test (A), the test result can be changed when the CFD

analysis finishes

after optimization of test equipment and test conditions..

24/27

Comments for ‘Fire resistance test’


3. Future Plan of TFG 7

25/27

Open issues

1. Study on Specification of optimized test equipment to test conditions of fire resistance test (A)

Decision of the height of flame to the battery pack and the horizontal areas of flame

2. Modify the current test equipment according to total optimization solution

3. Verify performance of modified test-equipment (Fire resistance test A

with mockup, Temp. measuring)

4. Review the applicability of test(A) to vehicle based test

5. Propose the equivalent test conditions of test A and B

3. Future Plan of TFG 7

26/27

Future Work

After the end of KATRI's research, TFG 7 will discuss all

issues of

fire resistance test through teleconference or F2F

meeting

- From June or July

And then TFG 7 propose the equivalent test conditions of

test A and B

with specification of optimized test equipment to test A

conditions :

- In 6th EVS informal meeting.

Thank you!

Progress report of TFG 7 “Fire resistance test” May 14, 2014 Korea Transportation Safty...

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