PROGRESS OF THE PROJECTS Supported by National Food Security Mission of India Review Meeting
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Transcript of PROGRESS OF THE PROJECTS Supported by National Food Security Mission of India Review Meeting
PROGRESS OF THE PROJECTS Supported by
National Food Security Mission of India
Review MeetingNew Delhi September 2, 2011
Kb Saxena ICRISAT
Short Title Duration Partners Area
Promotion of hybrid p’pea
2007 -12 ICRISAT, GAU,MAU,PKV,ARS Gulbarga
AP, Mah, MP, Guj, Kar, Jhar
Host –plant resistance for Helicoverpa
2007 -12 ICRISAT, ARS- Gulbarga
AP , Kar
Heat tolerance in chickpea
2009 -13 ICRISAT, IIPR, PU, JNKVV
AP, UP, Puj, MP
Chickpea in rice-fallows
2008 -12 ICRISAT, JNKVV, IGKVV
Raipur, Jabalpur
Water-logging resistance in pigeonpea
2010 - 14 ICRISAT,IIPR, PAU,HAU,
IARI JNKVV,BHU
MP, UP, AP, Har, Punj, Delhi
Project # 1
Taking Pigeonpea Hybrids to the
Doorsteps of Farmers
Highlights of Hybrid Project
Hybrids performed very well in pure and intercrop
Hybrid pigeonpea technology developed, tested , and transferred to ICAR and seed companies
High yielding hybrids with 28-60% advantage in farmers’ fields identified
Hybrid ICPH 2671 released in Madhya PradeshHybrid ICPH 2740 performing well in Mah,Kar,AP
Under good management some hybrids yielded > 5000 kg/ha
On-farm validation of ICPH 2671, 2740 completed in AP, Mah, Kar, Jharkhand, and MP
Early maturing and white seeded hybrids are now available
BEST FARMER AWARD received by a farmer in AP for harvesting @ 3250 kg/ha yield and profit @85000/ha
Hybrid seed production areas identified MP -- Jabalpur, Indore, Rewa, Katni, Seoni, Tikamgarh AP ---- Warangal, Medak, Nizamabad, Nalgonda Kar -- Bellary
Achievements ….Contd
“2009 Best Farmer Award” for a bumper crop of ICPH 2671 in Andhra Pradesh
Constraints Identified Need more cooperation from Govt seed agencies Seed production standards required
Seed production in farmers’ fields need close monitoring Appropriate agronomy should be followed
Increased emphasis on parent seed production with quality control
Project # 2
Exploiting Host Plant Resistance in Grain Legumes for Helicoverpa
Management Under Rainfed Conditions in India
Objectives
• Identification of chickpea and pigeonpea lines with resistance to Helicoverpa.
• Study effect of Helicoverpa-tolerant cultivars on ETLs, reduction in pesticide use, and their interaction with bio-control agents.
• Study effectiveness of Helicoverpa-tolerant lines in IPM and sustainable crop production
• Technology exchange and capacity building
Chickpea• Six lines were found to have less Helicoverpa damage with
rating of <5.0 as compared to 9 in control .
• Selected lines produced > 1,000 kg/ ha yield under unprotected conditions.
• In an international screening nursery ICC 14364, ICC 14872, ICCL 86111, ICCV 10, ICC 506 EB, ICCV 09104, and ICCV 09118 exhibited moderate levels of resistance across locations.
• In OFTs the yield of ICCV 07105 (1921 kg/ ha) and ICCV 07106 (1738 kg/ha) was significantly greater than control JG 11 (1185 kg/ha).
Performance of Helicoverpa-tolerant lines in OFTsPigeonpea• ICPL 20058 (933 kg/ ha), ICPHaRL 4985-4 (1081 kg/ha), ICPHaRL 4989-7 (760 kg/ha), yielded more than control ICP 8863 (444 kg/ ha).
• In Tandur (A P), yields of ICPL 332 WR ranged from 812 to 1250 kg/ ha, and that of Maruti from 788 to 1076 kg/ha.
• Most farmers reported a better control and less insecticide use in ICPL 332 WR than that of control.
•Varieties with tolerance to pod borer gave more yield in combination with insecticide protection than the susceptible cultivars.
Helicoverpa-resistant variety ICPL 332WR – in farmers’ fields
Project 3
Improving heat tolerancein chickpea
for warm growing conditions
Increasing incidence of heat stress in C’pea
1. Increasing area under late sown conditions
2. Fluctuations and increase in temperatures due to climate change
3. Large shift in chickpea area from northern India to Southern India
Field screening for heat tolerance at Patancheru
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Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June
Tem
p (C
)
Max Temp (C)
Min Temp (C)
Crop season Summer season
Reproductivephase
Reproductivephase
Large genetic variation for heat tolerance in chickpea
Sensitive
Tolerant
Heat Tolerant Suceptible
• Several heat tolerant germplasm and breeding lines identified
• Pollen viability was the key trait for sensitivity.
• Molecular mapping of heat tolerance genes is in progress.
• Segregating populations developed for developing heat tolerant cultivars
Research progress
Tolerant Sensitive
Heat tolerant ICCV 92944 released as “JG 14” in MPfor late sown conditions
Release of heat tolerant variety
Chickpea in Rice fallow
Project # 4
State Kharif riceRabi fallow
MP + Chhattisgarh 5.60 4.38*Bihar + Jharkhand 5.97 2.20*West Bengal 4.62 1.72
Orissa 3.88 1.22
Maharashtra 1.76 0.63
Assam 2.23 0.54
UP 6.26 0.35
AP 2.66 0.31
Total 40.18 11.65Source: Subbarao et al. (2001)
Area (m ha)under rice fallow
GoalTo increase production and productivity of C’Pea
Approach To bridge yield gap using improved technologies
Focus Districts with high potential but low productivity
Project Sites Chhattisgarh: Durg, Raipur, Rajnandgaon, Kwarda• M P: Jabalpur, Damoh, Rewa, Satna
The Technology
Constraints Technologies
Seed ………….. : Improved varieties
Crop establishment …… : Zero tillage machines
Diseases ……….. : Wilt resistance
Pod borer ………. : IPM responsive
Fertilizer………… : DAP
Micronutrients………….. : Zn, B, Mb
Herbicide……….. : Pendamethaline
Transfer of technology….. : Empowerment
Seed systems………. : VLSS
Year Obj-1: IPPPT Demos (No.)
Obj-2: VLSS (tons)
Obj-3: CB (Farmers No.)
2008-09 592 60.15 398
2009-10 1219 144.19 2455
2010-11 2039 206.32 2557
Total 3850 410.66 5410
Highlights
Objective 1: Demonstrations, Objective 2: Village level seed system
Objective 3: Capacity Building / Training
IPPPT, VLSS, Capacity building
Backstop Research- Problems Faced
1. Mechanization and crop establishment ?• Indira seed-fertilizer drill – Limited success
• National seed-fertilizer drill – R&D for modification
2. Plant Mortality Complex ?• Weather and sequential occurrence of wilt & Dry root rot
• Analysis of historical weather and disease data
• Identified moderate resistance to wilt & Dry root rot
Highlights
The Demonstrations
Over 3800 demonstrations conducted in 8 villages during 2008-09 to 2009-10
Project # 5
Selection and utilization of water-logging tolerant
cultivars in pigeonpea
Water-logging Scenario in India
(Agropedia-pigeonpea, 2009)
Water-logging Scenario in India
(Agropedia-pigeonpea, 2009)
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Objectives•Identification of water logging & salinity tolerant lines
•Transfer of water-logging tolerance in local cvs
•On-Farm validation of water-logging tolerance
•Generate and share information and materials
Stages sensitive to WL
Stages sensitive to WL
Ra
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m)
Year, 2010
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Trait associated with tolerance
34*Selection in a puddled rice field*
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Evaluation in on-station trial, 2011
SUMMARY• Significant progress has been made in all the NFSM
supported projects• Hybrid tech established, HY hybrids developed,
tech transferred, one hybrid released• Helicoverpa tol lines identified, testing in progress• Yield potential of CP in rice fallows demonstrated• Heat tolerant lines identified and used in breeding• Water-logging tolerant genotypes identified;
further testing in progress• Capacity building was given importance in projects36
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The Project Partners thank NFSM
for their valuable support
in research and development of pulses