Progress & Challenges predicting Filtration and Separation · Weave Pleat Options Andreas Wiegmann...
Transcript of Progress & Challenges predicting Filtration and Separation · Weave Pleat Options Andreas Wiegmann...
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Progress & Challenges predictingFiltration and Separation
Andreas Wiegmann
Fraunhofer Institute for
= Industrial Mathematics = Industrial Mathematics,
Kaiserslautern
2011Louisville, KY,
USA10th May, 2011
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Filtration and simulation occur on multiple scales
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Virtual design cycle of filter media
1. Choose initial structural parameters
2. Generate / modify structureOP
LIF
3. Solve CFD problem
4. Compute particle transport and d iti
TI
MI
FETI
Mdeposition
5. Compute filtration efficiency and pressure drop
ZATI
ME
6. Choose new structural parametersION
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Our simulations are all based on structures of little cubes
Advantages
• Saves grid generation times
• Compatible with computer tomography
• Straight forward structure generation• Straight forward structure generation
• Straight forward solver implementation
• Straight forward parallel computations
Disadvantages
• Resolved features require many grid cells• Resolved features require many grid cells
• Leads to very large scale computations
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Description of fluid motion: Stationary Stokes flow w/wo slip
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Flow Field Visualization
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Pressure Drop Visualization
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Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Pressure and Velocity in Clogging Simulation
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Filtration Effects I
A
A: direct interception
B: inertial impaction
A
A
BB
C: diffusional deposition
C CC
CC
E: sieving
F: cloggingF: clogging
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Filtration Effects II and modes of particle motion
D: electrostatic attraction
G: Slide
H: Bounce
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Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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When particles are larger than the grid cells
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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When particles are smaller than the grid cells
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Description of particle motion
Friction with fluid Electric attraction Diffusive motion
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Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Deposition effects = 0.05,
dF = 14,
v = 0.1m/s
Flow direction
Interception
InterceptionFlow direction
+ Impaction
Andreas Wiegmann
Interception
+ ImpactionFlow directionAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
p
+ Diffusion
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Nano Simulations
1.67cm/sec 10.0cm/sec
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Nano Simulations
• Deposition patterns and porosity depend on far field velocity, particle size distribution, etc.
Result:
• Find minimal porosity and permeabilityof the soot layers, smax and min
• Derivation by layers from single fiber highly resolved simulationshighly resolved simulations
Soot Layer Cut-Out
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Stationary Flow with unresolved particles: Stokes-Brinkmann eqs
Solid volume fraction in voxel is increased until smax is reached. Voxel becomes “collision solid” Voxel becomes collision-solid . Neighbor voxels svf starts increasing upon particle arrival
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Micro Simulations
Final state at 5.1 g / m^2
Darker gray means denser soot.denser soot.
Andreas Wiegmann
Filtration_Animation.mpg
Andreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Horizonal layers
50 75 100
125 150 350
Andreas Wiegmann
125 150 350
Andreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Cross Flow Filtration
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Weave Pleat Options
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Oil flow in pleats with support structure: velocity & pressure
• Velocity: 0.15 m/s
• Oil: density 850 kg/m³viscosity 0.17 m²/s
• Grid resolution 40 μm
• 50 x 70 x 380 cells
• Same pleat count
• Different in- and outflow channel widths
Narrow ChannelChannel
Thick WireWire
Andreas WiegmannThin
Andreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
Wire
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Conclusions
Challenges
• Meas rements
Progress
• 3d media and element models• Measurements
• deposition location
• electric charges
• 3d media and element models
• Navier-Stokes-Brinkman for gas and liquid
• Fast & low memory solvers• electric charges
• Requirements: cost, material, space, energy
• Computing power
• Fast & low memory solvers
• Prediction of pressure drop for Re < 100
• Low concentration particle transportComputing power
• Geometric resolution
• Geometry uncertain
Low concentration particle transport
• Predicition of filter efficiency
• Cake and porous media build-up
• Analytic expressions to be derived • Prediction of clogging and life time
• Filtration and separation simulation
Andreas Wiegmann
spread in Academic and Industrial R&D
Andreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011
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Outlook
Current “Hot” Simulation Topics:
• Multipass time step control (see my talk tomorrow)
• Re-entrainment of particles, pulse cleaning
• Coalescence
• Filtration in pleats and DPF honeycomb structures
• Nanofibers
• Electric charges
• Two phase flows in filters, rocks, diapers and fuel cells
Andreas WiegmannAndreas Wiegmann
Louisville, KY
10 May 2011