Progress Assessment of Pavement Management Systems

I - 1

PROGRESS ASSESSMENT OF PMS1967-1987 THE EARLY BIRTH YEARS1987-2007 PREDICTION VS REALITY

2007-2027 THE VISION

SUCCESS IS UP TO YOU

Ronald Hudson and Ralph Haas

I - 2

PRESENTATIONPRESENTATION

Motivation behind the birth of PMS Motivation behind the birth of PMS and key componentsand key components

Project and network levels of PMSProject and network levels of PMS

Key things learned from first 20 years Key things learned from first 20 years of PMSof PMS

Looking ahead in 1987Looking ahead in 1987

PMS development, progress, and PMS development, progress, and issues 1987-2010 issues 1987-2010

PMS now basis for growing AMSPMS now basis for growing AMS

Closing thoughtsClosing thoughts I - 2

I - 3

Pav

emen

t T

hic

knes

sSubgrade Strength

2 KIPS

10 KIPS

18 KIPS

CBR DESIGN CHART

Load

I - 4

BIRTH OF AND MOTIVATION FOR PMSBIRTH OF AND MOTIVATION FOR PMS

First concepts 1960’sFirst concepts 1960’s

Too many early failures, US InterstateToo many early failures, US Interstate

Inadequate recognition of maintenance Inadequate recognition of maintenance on performance and life cycle analysis on performance and life cycle analysis

US space program and use of systems US space program and use of systems methodsmethods

Innovative engineers who saw need to Innovative engineers who saw need to integrate planning, design, construction, integrate planning, design, construction, maintenance and rehabilitationmaintenance and rehabilitation

I - 4

I - 5

Is a coordinated systematic process for carrying out all activities related to providing pavements

Pavement Management

I - 6

Broader Asset Management Concerns

Engineering AnalysisResearch - Special Studies

PMS

DesignDATA

BASE

NETWORK LEVEL

Rehabilitation

ProgrammingPROJECT LEVEL

Planning

Budget

Construction

Maintenance

Components of PMS

I - 7

Data Collection

Data ProcessStorage

Budget Prediction Engineering PlanAction Plan

PMS SoftwareData AnalysisPerformance Prediction

I - 8

Performance

Inputs Models Behavior Distress

Friction

Traffic

Costs

Decision Criteria

Ordered Set ofChoices

Implementation

Major Components of a PMS

I - 9

INPUTS• Traffic• Materials• Thickness

Models

Behavior Distress Performance

Costs

Safety

Traffic Counts & Weights

DeflectionCondition Surveys

RoughnessPSI

Update Models

•Test Pits•Lab Tests

•Count•Weigh•Classification

•Rainfall•Temperature

RECORD• Construction• Maintenance

LONG-TERMDATABASE

&ANALYSIS

I - 10

Types of Evaluation InformationStructural

Inputs Models Behavior Distress Performance

Costs

Cores, Construction Records

etc.

Safety

FrictionMeasures

DeflectionMeasurements

Condition Surveys

RoughnessServiceability

History

MaintenanceCost

Records

Various monitoring methods

I - 11

INPUTS MEASURE OUTPUTS

PredictionModels

BEHAVIOR

StressStrain

DEFLECTION

Estimate StructuralStrength

Time/HistoryΣ of Distress

(Predicted and/or Measured)

DISTRESSCracking

DeformationDisintegration

Σ Loads

Calculated Condition IndexPredicted Roughness

Predicted Maintenance

PERFORMANCE(Predicted/MeasuredAnnual RoughnessAnalysis/PredictionHistorical Trends

(Service Level)

Load

Σ LoadHistory

Optimizationand

Decisions

I - 12

SUMMARY: EARLY WORKSHOPS, SUMMARY: EARLY WORKSHOPS, CONFERENCES, BOOKSCONFERENCES, BOOKS

Workshops in Austin, Phoenix Workshops in Austin, Phoenix and Charlotte (1970’s)and Charlotte (1970’s)

““A Management System for A Management System for Highway Pavements” (ARRB Highway Pavements” (ARRB 1970)1970)

First text books (1977 and 1978)First text books (1977 and 1978)

First ICMPA Conferences (1985 First ICMPA Conferences (1985 and 1987)and 1987)

1985 1987

Proceedings ARRB Canberra

1970

I - 12

I - 13

Major Concern – 1987-2007 High-Quality Data Collection ProcessesData Collection Phase Data Collection Element

Prior to start of data collection

• Guidelines, standards, & protocols

• Operator training & accreditation

• Equipment calibration & checks

During data collection • Ambient conditions

• Data collection & field review activities

After completion of data collection

• QC/QA checks

• Time series & data studies

• Formal feedback mechanisms

I - 14

DRIVING FORCES FOR EARLY NETWORKDRIVING FORCES FOR EARLY NETWORKLEVEL PMS (circa 1970’s)LEVEL PMS (circa 1970’s)

Early failure of 1,000’s km of pavementsEarly failure of 1,000’s km of pavements

Primary interest of Chief EngineersPrimary interest of Chief Engineers

AASHTO, FHWA, Can. Austin & other initiativesAASHTO, FHWA, Can. Austin & other initiatives

Workshops and ConferencesWorkshops and Conferences

Where?

The Network

I - 15

Broader Asset Management Concerns

Engineering AnalysisResearch - Special Studies

PMS

DesignDATA

BASE

NETWORK LEVEL

Rehabilitation

ProgrammingPROJECT LEVEL

Planning

Budget

Construction

Maintenance

Components of PMS

I - 16

NETWORK LEVEL

ProgrammingPlanning

Budgeting

DATABASE

ProjectLevel

Engineering Analysis

Size of boxes shows relative useas of 2011.

PMS

I - 17

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTSSOFTWARE REQUIREMENTSAs seen 1970-1987As seen 1970-1987

1.1. Skills needed Pavement, Software Skills needed Pavement, Software Development, Optimization, Development, Optimization, Database Handler ?Database Handler ?

2.2. In-house development ?In-house development ?

3.3. Use of Outside Professionals ?Use of Outside Professionals ?

4.4. Specialized Software Providers ?Specialized Software Providers ?

I - 17

I - 18

Key Things Learned from 20 Years (1967-1987) of P.M.

• The component activities for P.M. can be described on a generic basis.

• Existing and new technology can be organized within PMS framework.

• PMS framework allows complete flexibility for different models, methods and procedures.

• P.M. operates at two basic levels: network and project.

• Sound technology is critical to PMS process and its effective use.

From P.M. Process Itself

II - 18

I - 19

Key Things Learned from 20 Years (1967-1987) of P.M. (continued)

• Development and implementation of a PMS must be staged.

• Staging promotes understanding and acceptance by various users.

• Options always exist; they should be evaluated on a life-cycle basis.

• We need models for predicting deterioration effect of rehabilitation and maintenance.

• P.M. can make efficient use of available funds but it will not “save” a network if funding is inadequate.

• Good, effective PMS data.

From Using the P.M. Process

II - 19

I - 20

Coordinated direction of resources and labourCoordinated direction of resources and labour

Serving different levels of users in the organizationServing different levels of users in the organization

Effective decision making for network level Effective decision making for network level programs and individual projects based on good programs and individual projects based on good datadata

Making good use of existing and new technologiesMaking good use of existing and new technologies

Having a structure / framework for activities and Having a structure / framework for activities and decisionsdecisions

BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR AN EFFECTIVE AND COMPREHENSIVE PMS

(Circa ICMPA 1987 “Future Prospects for Pavement Management”)

II - 20

I - 21

PMS Structure for ACTIVITIES AND DECISIONS(Circa ICMPA 1987 “Future Prospects for Pavement Management”

Block Network Level Project Level Sectioning, data

acquisition (roughness, distress, etc.)

Data processing

Data

Min. serviceability, friction, etc.; max. user and maint. costs; max. program costs

Selection criteria

Criteria

Now and future needs, alternatives, econ. eval., priority analysis, etc.

Evaluation of alternative budget scenarios

Analyses

Structural, materials, traffic, climate, costs, etc.

Data analysis

Max. as-built roughness, max. project costs, traffic disruption, etc.

Selection criteria

Within-project alternatives, performance and distress predictions, etc.

Life-cycle economic analysis

II - 21

I - 22

PMS Structure for ACTIVITIES AND DECISIONS(Circa ICMPA 1987 “Future Prospects for Pavement Management”

Cont/d.

Block Network Level Project Level Final priority program of

capital projects (including rehab.)

Final maintenance program

Selection

Schedule, contracts, program monitoring

Budget and financial planning updates

Implemen-tation

Questions: How relevant is this structure to the 2010 + era?

What were the major issues in 1987; still relevant?

Best within-project alternative

Maintenance treatments

Construction activities and control, as-built records

Maintenance activities and management

II - 22

I - 23

LOOKING AHEAD IN 1987: MAJOR ISSUESLOOKING AHEAD IN 1987: MAJOR ISSUES

Effects of different organizational structures; Effects of different organizational structures; recognizing various levels of usersrecognizing various levels of users

Local area PMS needs vs. State and Federal Local area PMS needs vs. State and Federal systemssystems

Establishing PMS benefits in quantitative Establishing PMS benefits in quantitative termsterms

Integrating PMS with transport system Integrating PMS with transport system managementmanagement

Relationships between PMS and other Relationships between PMS and other infrastructure management systemsinfrastructure management systems

II - 23

I - 24II - 24

I - 25

LOOKING AHEAD IN 1987: OPPORTUNITIESLOOKING AHEAD IN 1987: OPPORTUNITIES

Generic framework for (network and project) PMSGeneric framework for (network and project) PMS

Improved public and senior administrative awareness of PMS Improved public and senior administrative awareness of PMS valuevalue

Better incentive programs: contractors, researchers, etc.Better incentive programs: contractors, researchers, etc.

Identification of high payoff areas for technology Identification of high payoff areas for technology advancementsadvancements

Programs for improved technical capabilities: contractors, Programs for improved technical capabilities: contractors, practitioners, etc.practitioners, etc.

Better consistency between sophisticated analysis and basic Better consistency between sophisticated analysis and basic materials, traffic, environmental and other inputsmaterials, traffic, environmental and other inputs

Substantial funded program (similar to AASHTO Design Substantial funded program (similar to AASHTO Design Guide) to develop next major level of PMS Guide) to develop next major level of PMS II - 25

I - 26II - 26

I - 27

OPPORTUNITY AREA

1.Needs and Cost-Effectiveness

2.Collection Technologies

3.Quality Assurance

4.Storage and Integration

CHALLENGES PROSPECTS

A. Pavement Data

Numerous Challenges and Prospects for

Major Advances Range From

Short to Long Term

SUMMARY OF OPPORTUNITIESSUMMARY OF OPPORTUNITIES

II - 27

I - 28

OPPORTUNITY AREA

1.Structural Design and LCCA

2.Performance Modelling

3.Treatment Selection

4.Quantifying Benefits

5.Decision Support


B. Pavement Management



Short to Long Term


II - 28

I - 29

OPPORTUNITY AREA

1.Organizational Structure

2.Location (PMS and AMS)

3.Technology Updates

4.Skills and Training

5.P 3’s


C. Institutional Improvements



Short to Long Term


II - 29

III - 30

1975-1995 States with Good PMS Software

• ARIZONA • KANSAS • MINNESOTA • ONTARIO, CANADA

• WASHINGTON • PARANA, BRAZIL

• TOCANTINS, BRAZIL

Weak in-house systems in 10-15 states. Little or nothing in other states.

III - 31

Where Were We in 2000?North America has invested

US $2.3 trillion in highwaysSouth American has invested

US $1.6 trillion +/- in Highways

The World has invested US $10 trillion +

III - 32

III - 33

What Are The Issues, 2000-Now?

• Pavement Preservation– “Throughout the world, there has been a

shift from constructing new highways to preserving, maintaining, and maximizing the operation of what we have” [Madeleine Bloom, FHWA]

– “The right treatment on the right pavement at the right time” [Foundation for Pavement Preservation]

• More reasons that good “design” is not enough

III - 34

Inputs Models Behavior Distress

Friction

Traffic

Costs

Decision Criteria

Ordered Set ofChoices

Implementation

This Software Concept is Inadequate in 2010

Performance

III - 35

Aggregation of Data ontoManagement Sections

Current Reporting

Projected * Condition

Management Sections

Roadway Inventory

DataStructure Traffic

Data

Raw Condition

Distress Indexes

Condition Measures

Work Records*

Pavement Layers*

Conversion

Aggregation to Distress Sections

To

Rep

orts

To

Rep

orts

To

Rep

orts

To

Rep

orts

To

Rep

orts

AADTESAL

% Trucks

RoadStructure

Stats.

Aggregated Network

Information

Cu

rren

t P

M S

ecti

ons

Def

ine

Sec

tion

s fo

rD

ata

Agg

rega

tion

Aggregated Performance Information

Performance * Historical Reports

Performance * Models

Scenario * Work Pgm.

Network Analysis

Master Work Program

To Other

#

Systems

* Including information for pavement preservation treatments & maintenance work

# Including PP plans and MMS

Actual Software Requirements - 2010

III - 36

Optimization Analysis 2010

Condition Data

Condition Indexes

Predicted Condition

Decision Trees

Strategy Generation Engine

Section Strategies

Integer Solver

Multi-Constraint

Analysis

Multi-Year Analysis

Output Projected Conditions & Budgets

Models

Other Pavement Data

Work Plan

III - 37

Which Do You Use?

• Computer Operating System– Develop in-house or use Microsoft

• Database– In-house? or ORACLE/PeopleSoft

• Computer Map– In-house? or Google Earth

• Internet– In-house? or Commercial

III - 38

Good Commercial PMS Software is Available – 2000 to date

1. About 20 US States now use commercial

2. 50-60% of Agencies still use in-house PMS.

3. In-house delays development – inadequate, incomplete, slow Wastes $2-10 million per year of delay

III - 39

DOT Asset Management

90% of Assets and Budgets

PMSPavements

BMSBridges

MMSMaintenance

Other Buildings, Safety, etc.

10%

III - 40

Data Collection

Data ProcessStorage

Budget Prediction Engineering PlanAction Plan

PMS SoftwareData AnalysisPerformance Prediction

III - 41

Asset Management Modular Framework

BridgeManager

External Dataand Models

ExternalSystems(e.g., SAP. Advantage, PeopleSoft, etc)

Core AA Functions

Asset InventoryBase Linear ReferenceSecurityUser OrganizationTerminology

Common Data Model Data ManagementReportingGraphingCommunicationsSystem Utilities

GIS

ExecutiveDecisions

NetworkManager

PavementManager

MaintenanceManager

Safety Manager

(Fleet,Equipment,Materials,

Labor)

Mobile Apps

Zero-Footprint, Web-based System All Transportation Assets Agency-specific models

Integrated Asset & Maintenance Management

Input to Administrators

Integrated GIS Mapping Capabilities

Secure and scalable to thousands of users

Easy-to-use with Sophisticated Analysis

Powerful reporting tools

User Friendly

III - 42

– Processes are identified by Functional Area

• Resource Management (RM)– Labor Management– Equipment Management– Materials Management

• Linear Referencing Processes (LR)– LRS Management

• Asset Inventory Processes (AI)– Asset Acquisition– Asset Condition Assessment– Linear Construction History– Linear Attribute Data Management

• Planning Processes (PL)– Model Management– Analysis and Optimization– Planning

• Operations Management (OP)– Projects / Contracts / Repair Orders– Work Order Creation and Scheduling– Resource Usage and Accomplishment

Recording• Organizational Structure (OS)

– System– Security– Reporting

AgileAssets Core

OPOperations

Management

PLPlanning

Processes

AIAsset

Inventory Processes

RMResource

Management

LRLinear

ReferencingProcesses

OSOrg. Structure

System

Security

Reporting

Functional Areas

III - 43

Tradeoff =Utilit

y Combinations of

individual Performance

Measures

Driver Information

Roll Over Prevention

Skidding and Hydroplaning

No of lanes

LitterGrass Height

Pvt RuttingPvt Skid Resistance

Sign Visibility

Guardrail Condition

Low Shoulder

Sign Damage

Pvt Roughness

Pvt Macro-texture

Pvt Micro-texture

Pvt Cracking

Bridge Structural

Soundness

Road Sub-Network Utility

Safety Congestion Comfort Aesthetics

Tradeoff Objectives - 2010

III - 44

The Start of Asset Management in 5-7 States – 2008+

III - 44

III - 45

Where Are We in 2011?

1. 20± agencies use complete detailed PMS

2. Many others worldwide still need to upgrade their PMS

3. Data collection is adequate will continue to improve

III - 46

Where Are We in 2011? (cont.)

4. Maintenance and preservation still need models and add to PMS

5. PMS is acting as an anchor to develop full asset management 5+ state

6. Large Funding like SHRP and MEPDG is needed for large rapid improvement.

IV - 47

Initially, Management Systems Resisted by Engineers

• 1967 – Engineering Review Team vetoed PMS Concept

• 1980’s – Bridge designers would not use BMS concepts.

“Design covers all we need” Use safety factor of 2.0+

• 2000-2010 – (Still resist)– US has spent $15 million developing a mechanistic “design system” that requires 300 variables.

IV - 48

• All 3 groups ignore future variability in predicted traffic, environment, material properties.

• There has been little or no research on benefits of maintenance and preservation.

• More administrators, budget makers, planners, maintenance staff now support and demand PMS/BMS/MMS.

Initially, Management Systems Resisted by Engineers (cont.)

IV - 49

Historical and Current Limitations

1. Lack of Standard Nomenclature

2. Prioritize not True Optimization

3. Many use worst first funding

4. User Costs – Not used

5. Life-Cycle Cost – Partial use

IV - 50

Frontier – Leading Edge

• True optimization

• 10-15-20 year planning Horizon Tools

• Corridor Analysis PMS, BMS, SMS, etc.

• Active Asset Management – demonstrate to Admin. and Top Staff – true interaction

• Benefits, not loss of Authority for them

– Examples: North Carolina, Idaho, Virginia

IV - 51

Agency Needs• Good linear reference system• Proven software• Totally flexible segmentation• Full live-cycle analysis with user costs• Consistent accurate data• Web-based• Server-based – not central• Interface with maintenance management• Corridor analysis• Handles lane additions• Determine monitory benefits• Automatic annual asset valuation• Add other management systems, bridges, safety, etc.

IV - 52

What does the Future Hold?• Convince more administrators to use what is

already available.• Corridor analysis – optimum funding for

– Pavement – Bridges– Added Lane Capacity – Level of Service– Funds allotted among needs

• Long-term (20 years) optimization – Life-cycle analysis – Multi objectives – Use annual predictions – extend 20 years.

• Cities – Integrate PMS with utility plans, maintenance, etc.

IV - 53

Potential Topics for “Focused Conferences”

1. Practical interface of PMS with Asset Management.

2. How do we reach and educate administrators and show benefits of PMS (still a vital topic).

3. Calculate and demonstrate benefits of PMS in monetary terms.

4. Difference between network & project level PMS data.

IV - 54IV - 54

5. Examine the guts of the “black boxes” provided by PMS software vendors – case studies.

6. Educate a new generation of PMS managers.7. Factors now ignored in PMS, 1 or 2 at a

time, such as noise, societal effects, environmental effects, “green” pavements, asset valuation, and risk analysis

8. You (THE ATTENDEES) can add others with some creative thought.

Potential Topics for “Focused Conferences” (Cont.)

IV - 55

CLOSING THOUGHTSCLOSING THOUGHTS

Pavement management includes but is Pavement management includes but is not controlled by designnot controlled by design

Mechanistic methods alone will not solve Mechanistic methods alone will not solve the “pavement problem”the “pavement problem”

LTPP core concept not yet realizedLTPP core concept not yet realized

PMS needs a team approach of PMS needs a team approach of engineers, statisticians, programmers, engineers, statisticians, programmers, etc.etc.

IV - 56

CLOSING THOUGHTS (Cont.)CLOSING THOUGHTS (Cont.)

There are no perfect solutions for There are no perfect solutions for pavement; they have to be managedpavement; they have to be managed

PMS do not replace good design; rather, PMS do not replace good design; rather, actual variability must be balanced actual variability must be balanced among design, construction, among design, construction, maintenance, preservation and maintenance, preservation and rehabilitationrehabilitation

Good commercial PMS software is now Good commercial PMS software is now available – use it.available – use it.

II - 57

THANKS TO ICMPA8 AND THE INTERNATIONAL PAVEMENT COMMUNITY

IV - 57

Progress Assessment of Pavement Management Systems

Documents

Transcript of Progress Assessment of Pavement Management Systems