Prepared by Jana Garay

Is there someone in the room who:◦ Is completely new to logic models?◦ Has created logic models before?◦ Attended other logic model trainings?◦ Her/his funder (or boss) requires her/him to do

logic models?

◦Why do we need logic models?

A logic model is…◦

A logic model is NOT…◦

DefinitionLM are a graphic representation of:

◦ Main components of the program◦ Desired outcomes◦ The assumed causal linkages between the

activities and the outcomes

Core of planning & evaluation

“…they provide a clear roadmap to a specific end.”

(Knowlton & Philips,2009)

Clearly identifies program goals, objectives, activities, desired outcomes, and impacts

Clarifies assumptions and relationships between program efforts & expected results

Communicates key elements of the program Helps specify what to measure in an evaluation Guides assessment of underlying assumptions

& self-correction Offer highly participatory learning opportunities Clarify knowledge about what works and why.

(Source: Comprehensive Community Initiative, http://www.ccitoolsforfeds.org)

Theory of change LM Theory of the program The sequence of events that is expected to create a

change and help to resolve the problem situation DOs & GETs (actions & strategies) Less detailed than PLM

Program logic model (PLM) More detailed, descriptive Use in implementation and evaluation

Feature Theory of change LM

Program LM

Time frame No time Time bounds

Level of detail Low High

Elements Few (“do + get”) Many

Primary display Graphics Graphics + text

Focus Generic Targets + specified results

Source: Knowlton & Philips (2009)

Offers the big picture of strategies that could generate your intended results (impact)

Only 2 elements:◦ Strategies: choice of optimal actions◦ Results: long-term effects of strategies

Strategies Results

DO GET

Knowledge

Believe

DO GET

Source: UW Extension, www.uwex.edu/ces/pdande

Inputs:◦ human, financial, organizational, and community

resources a program has available to direct toward doing the work

Activities:◦ what the program does with the resources◦ processes, tools, events, technology, and actions

that are an intentional part of the program implementation

Outputs◦ The activities, products, and participation

generated through the investment of resources. (Goods and services delivered)

◦ Work accomplished, e.g. Amount of services delivered Staff hired Sessions conducted Materials developed

◦ Reach, i.e. Population reached/served

Outcomes◦ Short-term:

Change in awareness & knowledge◦ Intermediate:

Change in behaviour◦ Long-term:

Change in condition(s)

Outputs are the direct and measurable products of a program’s activities and services; they are often expressed in terms of volume or units delivered

Outcomes are the results or impact of the activities and services. Outcomes often represent the results of multiple outputs; each outcome usually corresponds to more than one output

Output Outcome

# of workshops attended by potential first time homebuyer

Potential homebuyer puts in a contract for a two bedroom home

# of new mothers receiving six home visits

Participating new mothers increase their knowledge of child development

Action Plan developed to clean and monitor neighborhood play areas

Residents in Community X sign up to clear vacant lots and build playgrounds

# of funding proposals submitted # of potential individual donors

Increased and diversified resources for the program

Board job descriptions developed Board policy manual written and

approved

Board members understand their responsibilities

# of meetings held with legislators # of legislators receiving policy

options paper

Increased legislators’ awareness of policy options

Source: Logic Model Workbook

Inputs◦ Project coordinator/IT

staff/Funding/Facility/Partnership Outputs – activities

◦ Presentations◦ Interactive learning activities◦ Asses needs, conduct research◦ Develop curriculum

Outputs – participants◦ High school youth/seniors/highly skilled immigrants

Outcomes◦ Short-term:

Ps think differently about… Increased knowledge about…

◦ Intermediate: Ps eat more… Ps choose better… Ps read more…

◦ Long-term: Improved child-parent relationship Teens deliver healthy babies

Outcome

Outputs

Theory change

Short term goal

Impact

Resources

Inputs

Long-term outcome

Generating change

Results

StrategiesAssumptions

Intermediate outcome

Reach

Participants

Final outcome

Immediate outcome

Directions

Causality

Feedback loop

Sequence of “if-then” statements PLMs present a theory about the expected

program outcomes but do NOT demonstrate whether the program caused the observed outcomes

Outcomes and Objectives should be SMART LM should demonstrate plausibility Logic models do not always depict logics…

Innovation Network: Logic Model Guidebook (http://www.innonet.org/client_docs/File/logic_model_workbook.pdf)

W.K. Kellogg Foundation Logic Model Development Guide (http://ww2.wkkf.org/DesktopModules/WKF.00_DmaSupport/ViewDoc.aspx?fld=PDFFile&CID=281&ListID=28&ItemID=2813669&LanguageID=0

Knowlton, L.W. & Philips, C.C. (2009). The Logic Model Guidebook. Better Strategies for Great Results. Sage Publications.

UW Extension, Logic models course http://www.uwex.edu/ces/lmcourse/