Profile of Elderly and Organisations - BCPTI Profile of Elderly and Organisations Working for...
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Profile of Elderly and Organisations S. Siva Raju Hon. Project Director Family \ilelfare Agency Mumbai Sponso by Bomb Community Public Trust, Mumbai Januaryr 2OO4
Transcript of Profile of Elderly and Organisations - BCPTI Profile of Elderly and Organisations Working for...
Profile of Elderly and Organisations
S. Siva RajuHon. Project Director
Family \ilelfare AgencyMumbai
Sponso byBomb Community Public Trust, Mumbai
Januaryr 2OO4
Preface
Given the variety of organisations with varying levels of activities working for the care ofolder persons, it was felt necessary to initiate the networking process among the organisations.
In this regard, efforts are made by the Family Welfare Agency (FWA) to undertake
comprehensive and scientific studies on the living conditions of the community elderly, the
profile of various organisations working for the care of the elderly in different wards of the city
and social mapping of these organisations. As the agency has scientific and systematic
information at ward level regarding the number and type of organisations working for care ofolder persons and also the surveyed data about the living conditions of the older persons in
various communities, it was felt important to initiate the networking process among the
organisations at each ward level. Accordingly, the Agency felt it necessary to bring out a
scientific report by covering all these studies for each ward. This report covers wards G (North)and G (South).
Several persons have contributed in various capacities-for the sccessful execution of thismajor project. My sincere thanks and deepest gratitude to all of them.
o Dr. (Ms.) Gita Shah, Honorary Project Director and Former President, Family WelfareAgency, Mumbai, for her vision to bring out such important studies and entrusting themto me.
The Bombay Community I'nblic Trust, Mumbai for their generous sponsorship of theproject, in particular we thank Ms. Dinaz M. Parab.
Ms. Jasmin Pawi, Programme Officer, JRD Tata Trust, Mumbai, and Mrs. RosammaVeedoq Treasurer, Family Welfare Agency for their continual interest andencouragement.
To Prof. R. R. Singh, Director & Prof. R. N. Sharma, Head, Unit for Urban Studies, TISSfor granting me permission to associate with this project and constant encouragement.
To Ms. Alpa Desai (Project Coordinator), Mr. Manish Bhise and Ms. SeM Nambi of theFamily Welfare Agency, Mumbai for their continuous assistance and constantcooperation.
To Mr. Ankur Datta and Dr. Niharika Gupta for their assistance in drafting the report.
And finally to all the community elderly who responded to the survey and the verycooperative spokespersons of the organisations for providing us with the requisiteinformation.
MumbaiJanuary 30,2004
Prof. S. Siva RajuHon. Project Director
IProfile of Elderly and Organisations Working for theirCare: A Study in G (North & South) Wards, Mumbai
Contents
PageNo.
1.
2.
Preface
Social Mapping of Organisations and Main Service Providersof Elderly
Situational Analysis of Elderly
il Situafional Analy^sis of Elderly in G {Soutii'} ard
Survey of Organisations Workrng for the Care of Elderly
Conc lusions and Recomrnendations
References
C. Associati f,or Retirerl PersonsD" D Care Cenf"r:e
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76
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Social Mapping of Organisations and Main ServiceProviders of Elderly
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All the organisations working for the care of the elderly in the wards G (North) and G
(South) have been considered for social mapping. An innovativeness of the present effort is that
organisations present in each ward are plotted in the specially prepared ward wise maps. Such a
presentation is expected to be user friendly for knowing the profile of these organisations located
in each ward. The organisations covered in the report and presented in the maps include: Nodal
Agencies, Old Age Homes, Senior Citizens Associations, Associations for Retired Persons, Day
Care Centres, Hospitals and Other Medical Institutions, Ashams, Lib,raries, Desitute Homes
and other Service Organisations. Altogether 34 and 25 of organisations have been idertified in
the wards G (North) and G (South) respectively.
Given the physical verification of the organisations by the research staff, it may be stated
here that the fieldwork covered all the listed main organisations and in this way, a very
comprehensive list of organisations located in various parts of wards was compiled. The
organisations have been located on the ward maps and the detailed list is given subsequently.
The location of an organisation in each ward can be identified by the same number, which isgiven in the ward map.
In addition to the listing of organisations according to ward and category, the technique
of social mapping has been adopted. This is a valuable tool when locational aspects are relevant
and need to be focused upon. The organisations associated with geriatric care cater to a segment
of the population for whom mobility is a major constraint and hence the utilization of facilities
depends, to a large extent, on their accessibility. An attempt has been made to locate exactly on
the maps each of these organisations.
G (North) Ward
The total population of the ward, as per 2001 Census, is 5,90,609, which workout to be
4.96 percent of the city's total population. The slum population in the ward is 3,21,173 (5.51%
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of the city's slum population). The area to the north of Siddhivinayak Mandir upto the Mahim
Creek is included in this ward. Dharavi, the largest slum in Asia is in the northern area between
western and central railway lines- Upper class residential areas are found along the coast, while
middle class residential areas are in the cantral part of this ward. Dadar is a railway junction
for central and western railways and hence this area is very much crowded through out the day-
Various types of commercial activities are practiced in this area. Hawkers are also concentrated
in the same area. Streets are crowded and the problem of traffic congestion is common. Hinduja
Hospital, Shivaji Park ground, Portuguese church and Siddhivinayak temple are the major
landmarks of the ward.
G (South) Ward
The total population of the warq as per 20Ol CenSus, is d57,095; which workout to be
3.84 percent of the city's total population. The slum population in the ward is 1,59,252 (2.73%
of the ctty's slum population). Areas to the west of central and western railway lines from
Siddhivinayak Mandir to the Mahalaxmi race-course are included in this ward, Multi-storied
buildings and upper class residential areas are to the west, along the coast and to the south.
Middle class residential areas are located all over the ward. Slums and low class residential
areas also exist in these areas. Slum settlements are in the northern part at Worli village. Head
offices of the companies like, Siemens, Mahendra etc are in the central part of the ward. Podar
hospital, Doordarshan Kendra and Mahalaxmi race course are the major landmarks of the ward.
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ORGANISATIONS WORKING FOR THE C RE OFELDERLY AI\ID AEN SERVICE PR VIDERS EN
26 23
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,{8{Matunga
Senior
AsAssociatio
R.etired ons
Hospital & rNledica itutions
O Library
tsanks
Educational I nstitutions
Fost Office
I nollce Station
Parks
f,l Servlce Organisation
ft Niodal AgerleYt*r 'i KmParel
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Location of G Nortl'l
organisations working for the care of Etderly and Main service Providers
G (North) WardNodal Agency
A IndianFederation on AgeingMhatre PenBuildingB -Wing 2"dFloor,Senapati BaPat Marg, Dadar (!V),
Mumbai - 400 028
Senior Citizens Associations
I Senior Citizens HelPlineB- 103, Vaibhav APartment
Old Prabhadevi RoadMumbai -400025.
3l St.MichaelSenior Citizens Evergreen Club
Lady Jamshedji Road, Mahim, Mumbai- 400 016
Association for Retired Persons
2 Thelndian Association ofRetired Persons
Gohil House, L. J. Road
Near City Light Cinema
Mahim, Mumbai - 400 016
A1 The FamilY Welfare AgencY
Urban Health Centre(L.T.M.G. HosPital)6O f""t Road, ShahuNagar, Dharavi,
Mumbil-4}O017
19 Our Lady of SalvationPourtugese ChurchGokhale Road,Dadar (W) Mumbai -400028
3 Bombay Municipal Pensioners Association
GA{ MuniciPal Ward OfEce Building
Ground Floor, Room No. 9J. K. Savant Marg,Dadar, Mumbai - 400 028
Hospital and Other Medical Institutions
6 Omkar NisargoPchar Kendra
3, Anant, Gokhale Road (South),Near Portuguese Church,Dadar, Mumbai - 400 028
Gokhale Eye Hospital,Clinic And Eye Bank'Anant' Gokhale Road (South),
Near Portuguese Church,Above UCO BanlqDadar, Mumbai-400028
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Ifinduja HospitalVeer Savarkar MargShivaji Park, IvlahiruMumbai - 400 016
Nicholas Piramal lndia Limited And
Phadkes PathologY Laboratorylst Floor, Udyarn, Ranade Road,
Shivaji Park, Mumbai-40002 8
AavishkarPsychiatric ClinicSenior Citizens SuPPort GrouP
Chandan Mansion, lst Floor, Gokhale
Road, Opp. Pourtugese Church,
Dadar (W), Mumbai 400028
Urban Health Centre(L.T.M.G. Hospital)60 Feet Road, Shahu Nagar, Dharavi,
Mumbai-400017
Police Stations
15 Police Station, Shivaji Park,
Dadar, Mumbai - 400028
Post Offices
16 PostOffice-Prabhadevi,Bhavani Shankar Road,Mumbai-40O 028
Banks
18 Bank ofBarodaShivaji Park BranchSweet Home' Raja Badhe Chowk,L, J. Road, Mahinq Mumbai- 400 016
Shushrusha Citizens Co-OPerative
Hospital Ltd,698-B, Ranade Road, Dadar (W),
Mumbai-400028
Vaze HospitalMeghdoot, S.H.Paralkar Marg,
Shivaji Park, Mumb ai-400028
Raheja HospitalMahturl Mumbai -400016
26 Mahim Police Station
Mahim Post OfficeT, H. Katria Road, Near City Light Theatre
Opp. Goa Portugese Hotel, MahimMumbai - 400 016
Union Bank of IndiaMatunga (W) BranchGopi TankMarg,Matunga (W), Mumbai- 400016'
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32 Bank ofMaharashtraMumbai Suburb Regional Office
Peace Bird Premises Co-op' Society Ltd'
ls Floor, Kataria Marg,Mahim, Mumbai- 400 016
Educational Institutions
20 D.G.RuParel CollegeSenaPati BaPat Marg,Matunga, Mumbai-4000 1 6
Ward Offrce
28 GA{ Ward OfficeBehind Plaza Cinema
Harichandra AlvaY MargDadar,Mumbai- 400 088
Service Organisations
Maharashtra VYavasaYa
Margdarshan KendraMunicipal schoolBhavani Shanker Road
Dadar, Mumbai - 400 028
Swatantravir S avarkar Rashtriya Smarak
252 Swatantravir Savarkar MargShivaji Parlg Dadar
Mumbai- 400 028
2I SNEHAUrban Health Centre (L.T'M.G' Hospital)
Room No. 310, 60 Feet Road,
Shahu Nagar, Dharavi, Mumbai-400017
25 SIIEDTransit Camp, Behind Dharavi Police
Station, 90 Feet Road, Dharavi, Mumbai-
400017
Kirti M. Doongursee College
Dadar (W), Mumbai- 400 028
MAVA(Men Against Violence and Abuse)
I 2/A Parishram BuildingL. J. Road, Bhandar Lane,
Mahim, Mumbai - 400 016
Vanita Samaj
Swatantravir Savarkar Marg
Shivaji Parlq Dadar
Mumbai- 400 028
Tapanya FoundationEsterela Battry ComPound, Matunga,
Mumbai-400019
ASTHAUrban Health Centre(L.T.M.G. HosPital)Room. No. 302,
60 Feet Road, Shahu Nagar, Dharavi,
Mumbai-400017
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OR ANISATIONS WORKING FOR THE CARE OFELDERLY AND MAIN SERVICE PROVIDERS IN
G SOU'TE.{ RDSe Citizens i
ociation $
CurreyRoad
, Educationai Enstitutions
Fiospltal & other:fuledicaf, lnstitutions
Banks f $
Day Care Centre/ -Fl-
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Service Organisation
ritralCentre
-tr-L\+-
Lcive[-._r-t
tr4
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/1i-[:ellowshrl-r of tirePhysicallv lii:rrd icarppeC
Ward in flVlurmbai
1K r,r
Mahalakshrni
G (South) Ward
t drt Agency
A The Family Welfare AgencY
Near B.D.D. Chawl 10,
N.M.Joshi Marg,Lower Parel @)Mumbai - 400 013
Senior Citizens Associations
I Association for Senior CitizensGz3,Venus APartmentDr. Thadani MargWorli, Mumbai- 400 018
Day Care Centre
A The Family Welfare AgencY
Near B.D.D. Chawl 10,
N.M.Joshi Marg,Lower Parel (E)Mumbai - 400 013
Hospital and Other Medical Institutions
3 Adarsha Jain Health CentreAdarsh Nagar, Opp.Building No.3,Near Fire Bridged Station,Worli, Mumbai-400025
7 ESIS HospitalGanpat Jadhav MargWorli, Murnbai - 400 0,18.
13 Fellowship of the Physically HandicappedF. P. H. BuildingLalaLalpatrai MargHajiali, Mumbai - 400 034
6r
Senior Citizens' OrganisationPrabhadevi (SCOP)
C/o. AdarstrNagar Seva Samiti"
NearBldg. No. 35, Adar$Nagar,Prabhadevi, Mumbai - 4N O25.
J. C. Diagnostic Centre and NursingHome390,G.K.Marg,Worli Naka, Mumbai-4000 1 8
Peoples Mobile HospitalsL. D. Ruparel Medical CentrePeoples Mobile Hospital BuildingDr. Annie Besant RoadWorli, Mumbai - 400 025
King George Memorial InfirmaryDr. E. Moses RoadMumbai - 400 011.
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16 \trellspringPiramal Healthcare h/t.Ltd.Ganpatrao Kadam Marg,OffWorli Naka, Lower Parel,
Mumbai- 400013
Police Stations
12 N.M.Joshi Police StationOpp.B.D. D. Chawl-ZN. M. Joshi Marg, Lower Parel
Mumbai- 400 013
Banks
4 ICICILife Insurance Co. Ltd.ProfJife Tower, 1089Appasaheb, Marathre M*9,
Prabhadevi, Mumbai- 400 025
15 Corporation Bank49 Shiv Smruti ChambersDoctor Anne Besant RoadWorli,400 018
Library
2l Maharashtra State Women's CouncilDoctor Annie Besant RoadWorli, Mumbai- 400 025
Ward Office11 G/SWardOffice
N. M Joshi MargMumbai- 400 013.
PodarHospitalWorli, Mumbai-400018
Worli Police StationMumbai-400 025
HDFC BankHDFC BankHouseCS No.6/242, Senapati BaPat MargLower Parel, Mumbai- 400 013
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Srvicc Organisations
t National Association forBlindll, Abdul Ghaffar Khan Road,Worli Sea Face, Mumbai - 400 018
17 Bap-Nu-GharI 2Dr.Annie Besant Road,Worli, Mumbai-400018
22 Worli Sports ClubAdarshNagar,Prabhadevi, Mumbai- 400 025
Siddhivinayak TrustPrabhadevi,S.K.Bole Marg,Prabhadevi Mumbai-40002 8
Community Aid and SponsorshipProgrammeSaibaba Mandir, Gulfadevi Road,Koliwada, Worli, Mumbai- 400 018
Cancer Patients Aid AssociationAnand Niketag King George V Memorial,Dr.E.Moses RoadMahalakshmi, Mumbai40o 0l I
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Situational Analysis of ElderlY
Background
Given the differential levels of size and growth of the older population (60+ years)
irmong various urban areas of India, it is expected that the nature and extent of problems faced by
them also varies significantly among these areas. Further, due to the wide differences that exists
among the urban areas with regardto their level of development, the availability of various infra-
structural facilities and the extent of socio-economic and health status of the population, it is very
important to analyze and understand the liring conditions of the older popularion by carrying out
the city level analysis. Such an attempt helps to understand the ageing issues in a more
comprehensive way and to evolve new approaches and strategies for the welfare of the older
population. Such a situational analysis of the older population for each of the areas of our
country is further more important in view of the wide variations that exists in the policies and
programmes for the older population in each region/state-
In view of Mumbai being a mega city, the living conditions of the older people in this
city is expected to be very different from those facing in other areas. It is expected that the
analysis of various issues pertaining to the elderly in the city of Mumbai will to a great extent,
help in understanding the issues of the older population in the urban areas of the country, at
large.
The review of the earlier studies conducted on the older population of Mumbai revealed
that very few studies (Desai and Naik, 1975; Pathak, 1975; Muttagi 1997; Siva Raju, 1997) were
carried out so far in the city. In their survey of the problems of retired people in Bombay, Desai
and Naik (1972) came to the conclusion that the majority of respondents are protected by their
families. As they put it, their health problems and their financial problems are taken care of by
their family members. Therefore, old people do not feel isolated or rejected by the family. The
study of the Medical Research Centre of the Bombay Hospital Trust @athak, 1975), based on the
post-treatment analysis of the records of 1,678 patients admitted in the Bombay Trust Hospital
9
dring the years of 1970 and 1971, revealed that a good number of elderly had gone through
more than one major illness in the past. The author expected that there was a higher incidence of
disease in the subjects than mentioned in the records since the patients mentioned only such
qmptoms, as they considered serious. Muttagi (1997) while analyzing the conditions of Old
Age Homes and Associations of Senior Citizens stressed the need for evoking effective training
and managernent techniques based on the relationship between humanitarian and development
issues achieved through the philosophy and principles of action for the welfare of the elderly in
the Indian context. A recently conducted medico-social study of the urban elderly in Mumbai
(Siva Raju, 1997) has revealed that the influence of factors like, educational status, economic
status, age, marital status, perception on living status, addictions, degree of feding idle, anxieties
and worries, type of health centre visited and whether or not t^king medicines, on both the
perceived and actual health status of the elderly is found to be significant and vary considerably
across different classes and sexes of the elderly.
Most of the earlier studies were carried out based on either secondary source of
information or micro level empirical studies conducted in a few localities of the city. Though
these studies have brought out very valuable information on the li ring conditions of the elderly,
understanding the various issues of elderly in the city - both at micro and macro levels, with a
combination of secondary and primary sources of information is very much necessary for
understandrng the status of older population in the city on holistic basis. Such an attempt is
expected to throw light not only on the living conditions of the elderly population, but also
provides clues for evolving suitable policy measures at the city level. With this background, an
attempt is made in the proposed study to bring out the comprehensive profile of the older
population in Mumbai
Objectives
' The present study was carried out with the objective of understanding the living
conditions of the older population in Mumbai.
The specific objectives ofthe study were to:
r Know the population ageing in Mumbai, based on the city and ward wise analysis
10
- Uderstand the living conditions of the older population in terms of social, economical,
demographical and health asPects
- Know the programmes and services for the care of the older population in the city of Mumbai
in terms of old age homes, day care centres, senior citizen's clubs and other such
programmes
- Know the expectation of the older population from the family, neighbourhood, non-
governmental and governmental agencies towards their care
r Evolve suitable measures for the benefit of the older population in the city.
Study Area
The sample survey approach was adopted in conducting the present studY- The field
survey was conducted in different localities of each of,the 23 wards of the city- Different
localities were selected from each ward; based on the dominant characteristics of the class to
which the people in the respective localities belonged namely slums, middle income housing
colonies and well-to-do housing colonies. The slums selected for the study were all notified
slums, as declared by the Brihan Mumbai Municipal Corporation @MC). The respondents from
the selected slums were termed as 'Poor' in the study. The localities in which multi-storeyed
buildings having flats with one or two rooms only, were considered as the Middle Income Group
(I/trG) localities and the respondents from these localities were termed as the 'MIG elderly'.
Those elderly who were residing in the flats having three or more rooms in multi-storied
buildings or were residents in bungalows in the selected localities, were considered to represent
the 'well-to-do elderly'. The localities which fulfilled the above criteria were selected
purposively.
Sample Size and Sampling Frame
For the present study, older people (6Gryears) were considered as the respondents. It was
decided to have adequate sample of households in each ward. For identifying the elderly in the
selected localities, a rapid assessment survey was initially carried out. Based on the information on
sex and age of the members in each household, a list of households, in which a minimum of one
elderly member lived, was prepared for each of the selected localities. From the prepared list of
11 :
Urs*o6s, the assigned sample of households in each of the three categories was selected by using
the random sampling method. Thus 12,090 elderly (5,871 males and 6,219 females) constituted the
total sample size of the study.The number of elderly covered in G (North) and G (South) wards
were 564 and 599 respectively and the findings presented here refers to the elderly of these
wards.
Data Collection and Analysis
The selected older people were interviewed by trained research investiguors with the help
of an interview schedule. The interview schedule mainly included aspects relted to derrographic
information, housing conditions, economic condition, perceived health stdus5 frmly rdAions ard
social conditions, participation in sociaV cultural activities ard perceived problems (S€e Ap@ix
A) The data collected were coded with the help of a code desig prepared exclusively for this
purpose. The 2-way and 3-way tables were mostly prepared by using'class' and'sex' of the elderly
as control variable.
12
Situational Analysis of Elderly in G (North) Ward
Socio-economic Status
Age:
The mean age of all the respondents is 67.9 years, with negligible variations across the
sample. Across class groups, the difference in age of elderly appears somewhat marginal. The
majority of the respondents in 'Poor group' are in the age group of 60-64 years, while for the
MIG and the Well-to-do, the majority are found in the age group 65-69 years (Table I.l).
Consequently, based on economic background, there is a definite difference where the consistent
decline in the number of respondents as per each age group is quite well defined for the poor,
while for the other two groups this is not quite the case-
Maritol Stofiis:
The majority of the respondents reported being married (61%). However it is also
significant to observe that a larger proportion of men (87.6%) reported being mamied than
women (Table Ll). This finding perhaps appears stronger if we see that a larger proportion of
women (62.5%\ are widowed than men(l?Yo) and this holds for all class groups.
If we compare class groups, the trend mentioned above is especially strong for the 'Poor'
group. One observation in particular is that the proportion of widowed women is highest among
the Poor (693%) and the lowest among the Well-to-do (37.1%)-
Ownership of House:
The proportion of elderly poor men who owned their accommodation (560/o) is higher
than their women counterparts (36%) (Table I.1). The proportion of men owning their dwelling
place (55.8Yo) as compared to women (34.5%) is much higher. This is very clear for all three
categories. This could be related to the fact for most married couples; the men are the heads of
the household and will enjoy the ownership. If we look at the data concerning ownership by
husband's niune, one finds the proportion of women is higher Q0%) than men (0.4%). It is
significant to observe that a larger proportion of women from well-to-do constitute this segment
ofthe sample.
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Male
Fig. 1.1: Marital Status
POOR
WELL TO DO
Married lWidowed trOthers
16
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Iiving utongements:
The majority of the respondents live in joint families with all of their children. In most
cases, the families they live in are not nuclear and only a minority live with their spouse or alone.
While gendered differences may not seem very significant, the proportion of women living with
at least one of their children (84.8%) is higher than men (51.4%) (Table I. 1)
The majority of respondents happen to live with at least one of their children among all
class groups. One can observe from the data that the proportion of elderly women staytng with at
least one of their children is highest for those in the MIG (87.9/0) followed by those in the poor
(84.6Yo), both of which are greater than those arnong the well-to do group (8fflo) Though these
proportions are not that high as compared to their male counterparts, it could be uggested that,
on the whole, all most all the elderly in the sample ddpend heavily on family networks for
support. This is also particular$ true in the case of the elderly poor women as they are more
dependent on their respective fa-ily support networks.
Present Sources of Income:
Over a half (55.7Yo) of the respondents have stated that they received financial support
from their children. This is more so in the case of the elderly poor, though a large segment of
those in the MIG and the well-to-do also reported to receive assistance from their children. 16.8
percent of the elderly have reported their pension as a source of income (Table I.1).
Hence it can be seen that the elderly in this ward at large do face financial and economic
dfficulties. Financial insecurity seems to be a nibbling issue for the elderly for all income
groups. While family networks here also play an important role in constituting a support base,
the data suggests that it is perhaps not enough. In particular the elderly poor and women are most
vulnerable and their access and use offinancial support deserves attention.
Perceived Health Status
On the whole, the sample is more or less dMded between the affirmations of 'fairly
good' and average health. If we compare the aggregate data through gender, it is observed that
the proportion of elderly women who enjoy better health is somewhat less than elderly men. For
18
Fig. 1.3: Living Arrangements
Male POOR1% 4o/o
Female
WELL TO DO
@Alone
tr Staying with one of the children
I Staying with other than spouse and children
IStaying with spouse
tr Staying with all children
19
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the respondents of the poor group, the observation earlier holds stronger where the proportion ofdderly men who enjoy 'very good' health is higher Q.1.4%) than elderly women (16.9%) (Table
I-2)- On the other hand the proportion of elderly women who enjoy 'average health' @0.2%) is
higher than elderly men (32.4%). While this is not borne out in the data on the MIG,srrprisingly, a similar case is seen with the well-to-do. In fact, a much larger proportion ofelderly men in this category @o%) enjoy very good health than women (2g.6yo) and the
difference is much sharper as compared to other class groups. Similarly, a much larger
proportion of elderly well-to-do women reported average health (28.6%) than their male
counterparts (8%). A positive correlation between health status and class groups as most of the
respondents reporting poor health are from the poor and the MIG-
Depressed or Eryerienced l-oss of Intcrut in Thinls:A significant proportion of the elderly (39.y/o) have reported that they feel depressed or
lose interest in things sometimes. It is pertinent to note that while only a small minority (5.1%)
feel depressed very ofterU it is nevertheless alarming to observe the figures of those elderly whohave suffered depression to some extent While gender-based differences are not immediately
apparent, more elderly women suffer from depression very often (7.2%) than their male
counterparts (29%\ If we look at the data across class groups, one finds that not only is theproportion of those often depressed, highest for the well-to-do (13.3% as compare d. to 4.3yo forthe poor and 3.8Yo for the NtrG), but those affected in the well-to-do happen to be mostly women(22.e%) (Table I. 2).
The proportion of the elderly poor who suffer from depression sometimes (47.4%) is
sigfficantly higher than those in MIG Q4.l%) and the well-to-do (28.3%). The proportion ofpoor men who are sometimes depressed (52.2%) is higher than poor women (42.g%). One findsthat the respondents in the MIG are comparatively better off where a majority reported neverhaving suffered depression (41.4%).
22
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Fig. 1.6: Feeling Depressed/ Experienced a Loss of lnterest
WELL TO DO
Very often I Sometimes tr Rarely ts Never
24
frfy RdetionshiPs
PersonswithWhomElilerlySpmilMostoftheTime:
The issue of family relations is very important. Though there a few who reported to be
living alone, the data does validate to a large extent that in Indian society, the elderly do spend
most of their time with their families across generations. A majority of the elderly surveyed
spend most of their time with spouse, children and grand children (39'7%) (Table I'3)'
ong does notice in the data that a higher proportion of elderly men spend most of their
time either with only their spouse or with spouse, children and grand children' In the former' the
proportion of men who lived with their spouse QO.4%) is more than doubled when compared to
their female counterparts (9oZ). This is an indicator that'widowhood is higher imong women
than men. The proportion of this group elderly is much less in the MIG and the well-to-do, which
suggests that the incidence of widowhood is higher among the poor.
The proportion of elderly who spend time with either ,n"o ,ro,se or children or
grandchildren is highest among the MIG. Only in the case when the elder$ are found to spend
time with spouse, children and grandchildrerU is the proportion of such elderly lower than the
poor and the well-to-do (who incidentally account for the highest proportion in this diacritic)'
Whether Opinion Sought by Members of the Family:
It is quite disheartening to note that for the majority of the elderly in sample (64'2yo),
there are no consultations between them and their family members. This obvious breakdown in
communication links within the family has manifestations in various forms and needs to be
looked into. The gendered dimension also plays a significant role as the proportion of women not
consulted (6g.3010) is higher than men (5g.g%) (Table L3). As widowhood :Lmong women is
higher than elderly men, the prospect of elderly women leading 'lonely' lives seems especially
high.
The role of sons/daughters in law does appear prominent as they figure n 19.7 percent of
consultations, more than the consultations with spouses (9.2%). This appears to be consistent
25
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Fig.l.9: Opinion on who should Gare for the Elderly
FemaleMale MIG
FemaleWELL TO DO
Family ICommunity trGovernment
6
asoss class groups. Furthermore, with the exception of the MIG, one finds this more among the
elderly men than women in the poor and the well-to-do groups. Consultations with daughters and
sons in law, given the patriarchal set up in India, are expectedly low Q%) and very rarely are
conzultations sought with the entire family Across all class groups, one can observe that the
proportion of males consulting their spouse (14.2 %) is higher than females (a.5%). The elderly
opinion is sought by the family members mainly on matters such as: day-to-day household
matters, purchase of house/trousehold articles, children's education, job and marriages. The
traditional value of the elderly being looked after by sons still has strong roots, as indicated in the
data.
Opinion on Who Should Coreforthe Elderly:
The majority of the respondents reported that the iesponsibility of the care of the elderly
lieswiththefumily (71.6%). Theproportionof women (75.2%) whoreportedthisarehigher
than their male counterparts (67 .g%) (Table I.3). The proportion of those who felt the family is
the most important source of support is among the MIG (81.5%) and the well-to-do (84.9%)- A
higher proportion of the poor (24Yo) look to the community and the government (9.2%) than their
counterparts in the MIG and well-to-do groups.
Involvement in Various Social Activities and Views on Elderly Care
Pmticipation in strcioUcultural activities :
The majority of the respondents (71.8%) reported their lack of involvement in sociaU
cultural activities. Of those who are involved, the majority are involved in social and cultural
activities (33.3% and 24.2Yo) (Table I.4). Furtheflnore, involvement of men is greater than
women especially among the Poor and the MIG. Only the well-todo reported full participation
of elderly men and women.
Awareness about Day Centra and Hobby Centra:
80 percent of the elderly reported not being aware of day care centres. While elder$ poor
are the least aware, the well-to-do are the most aware which suggests that awareness levels and
access to information of zuch services is higher among the well-to-do.
30
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The lack of awareness of non-accessing of day carel hobby centres also explored'
Responsibilities to the family are the single most important cause (67 .5yo), especially for women
(73%).In fact among the poor, responsibilities to the family are expressed only by women while
only a small proportion of men in the well-to-do group cited responsibilities to the family as a
constraint. Only in the MIG do we have a large proportion of men who cite family
responsibilities though all women in the MIG cited this factor. This shows that elderly womerL
irrespective of economic class group, continue to play an important role in the family household.
The data also shows ill health to be another frctor which inffu€nced accessing of day care
and hobby centres. What is rather interesting to observe is that it affects a high proportion of
elderly men in the poor goup (71.4%). One observes a siglrificant proportion of women affected
in the well-to-do grouP (25%).
A majority of the respondents have replied that they would not join such activities
(55.1%). The proportion who felt this way (6o.7Yo) is mlch higher than men (49.3%) and this
difference is seen in varying extents for the poor and the MIG. Only in the well-to-do group do
we see a larger proportion of men who reported negative (60%) than women (a5.7%). This
suggests that participation in such activities is regarded as something that can only be done if an
elderly woman can afford to.
Idea abrmt to Live in Homes or Institutions:
According to the data, the elderly are reported as amenable to the idea of living in homes
or institutions. The proportion of those amenable to admission to institutions is actually higher in
the poor group (60.8%) and the MIG (64.3%) than the well-to-do (51.7%) (Table I-4). This is
perhaps because they feel through such institutions access to services will become easier and
affordable.
Awareness of Old Age Pension:
Oily 32.6 percent of the elderly reported that they are aware of old age pension scheme.
The proportion of men who are aware of older age pension (36.1%) is also higher than those
32
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mg women (29.3yo) (Table I.4). The data also reports higher levels of awareness among the
MIGand the Well-to-do.
Pcrceived Serious Problems
Insufficient finances are regarded as serious by 52.3 percent of the sample. This does run
consistent with expectations. That this fear is more prevalent among men (58.8%) than women
(46.2%) is also borne out. This gender dynamic is important to understand relation dynamics
among the elderly. Housing is seen as a serious problem by 37 percent of the sample though
more men (44.4%) than women (30%) feel that this is a serious problem. Around 40 percent of
the sample regard poor health as a serious problern, though once again the proportion of men
who reported this is higher than women. This gender dynamic implicates itself in all counts
related to health status and this discrimination needs to be further must be explored. Unfinished
familial tasks do figure in the overall data. Education of children is regarded seriously by 77.9
percent of the sample, though there is a bias towards men here as well, A similar proportion of
the sample perceives problems towards unemployrnent of children as well as daughter's
marriage. In all of these cases, it appears, men are more concerned than women. Security and
abuse feature at very low level and this may be under-represented by the fact that these are issues
which may not be discussed freely.
Personal relations do not figure very high owing to the fact that responses arelow. 14.2
percent regard loneliness a serious problem. While one would expect this to be high, perhaps the
fact that family networks in India are generally believed to be strong may account for this. Being
dependent is a serious problem for 18.1 percent of the sample.
Emotional problems are regarded seriously by one fifth of the sample. This is seen in
issues of loss of status, disappointments and loss of confidence. Again a bias towards more men
feeling this way emerges as well. One fifth of the sample regard the lack of employrnent a
serious problem. This seems to affect more men than women. While the data on recreation is not
significant enough to establish a definite inference, a larger proportion of men reported perceived
problans here than women. 26.6 percent of the sample regarded travel barriers as a problem,
with29.9 percent of men and23.5 percent of women feeling this way.
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Situational Analysis of Elderly in G (South) Ward
Socio-economic Status
Age:
The mean age of the respondents is 69.2years, with negligible differences in their ages
across gender and class groups (Table II.1)-
Marital Status:
A majority of the respondents are marrid (59.4W though a latger proportion of MIG
(61.6%) and Well-to -do (65.a%) elderly are married than those in the poor group. However, one
finds that larger proportion of men in total, reported being married (80.3%) than women (37%)
(Table II.1). This is reflected in varying degrees for al1 class groups. Around three times as many
women (61.g%) reported bei.,g widows than men (17.4%).It is significant to note that the largest
proportion of women widowed is among the poor (70%) and the lowest among the well-to-do
(38.5%). Nevertheless that there are more widowed women than men could be seen for all class
groups.
Ownership of House:
A larger proportion of men owned their house (63.2%) than women (24.9yo), as one
would expect male ownership of residence (Table II.l). This is seen especially in the well-to-do
group where no women owned a flat, while 92.3 percent of men owned theirs. This is also
reflected to lesser degree for the other two class groups.
Living Arrangements:
The majority of the sample have reported that they are living with all their children
(58.6%). A larger proportion of men reported living with their spouses (20%) than women
Ql.a%); which relates to higher widowhood levels among women than men (Table II.l). A
larger proportion of women live with one of their children (25.60/o) than men (15.2%) and this
found to be higher in the case of women belonging to the well-to-do strata. Most of the poor
elderly live with all of their children (62.1%), with little gender difference and this can be seen
similarly with the MIG. A somewhat lower proportion of the well-to-do elderly live with all of
39,
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WELL TO DO Female
Married lWidowed UOthers
42
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rHr children, though the figure is quite high. The data thus reflects that the elderly in general,
re s1i|l dependant on family links and networks for their support.
Sources of Income:
The most important source of income is that from children (64.1Yo). This is seen
especially among the poor and relatively the least, among the well-to-do' The proportion of
women financially dependent on children (69.2%) is higher than men (59'4%) and this is
reflected across all the class groups (Table II.1). The gendered difference is sharpest in the well-
to-do group which shows that the elderly womer! in general, lack financial security and
independence. pensions and interest are of signfficance mainly to the MIG and the well-to-do,
while wages are important to the poor-
Perceived Health Status
The majority of the elderly who reside in the ward reported being in fairly good health
(40.I%) or average health (3t.2%) (Table II.2). Only 1.8 percent of the residents actually
reported being in excellent heatth. Gender differences do not appear apparent' The proportion of
MIG and well-to-do elderly who enjoy excellent health and very good health is much higher than
those of the poor group. However, it is to be noted that the proportion of MIG and well-to-do
who enjoy excellent health is very low.
If we look at the data of those reporting very good healttr, a gender bias does emerge in
the case of the poor and the well-to-do. The proportion of poor elderly men who enjoy very good
health (18.S%) is twice that of elderly poor women (9.1%). On the other hand, for the MIG and
the Well-to-do, the opposite is seen. Hence, it appears that class and gender of elderly together
may influence health status, The nature of this would depend on the level of income' the
lifestyles and day to day living entailed in that particular class group- What the findings
nevertheless strongly suggest is that income by itself is no guarantor of good health especially,
with only a small segment of the well-to-do reporting excellent or very good health.
46:
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Dqrased m Eryerienced Loss of Intetest in Things:
A small segment of the sample reported being depressed very often (9.8%). There is no
apparent general gender bias on this count; though the proportion of well-to-do elderly who
g1ffer from depression very often (17.3%) is highest as compared to the poor and the MIG. In
fact, the MIG reported the lowest incidence of depression that took place very often. A majority
of the elderly reported being depressed sometimes (55 8%) Among the well-to-do, it is observed
that more men (23 .lYo) suffered depression very often than women (1 1.5%) (Table tr.2).
It is pertinent to note that the rate of depression that sometimes affect the elderly are quite
high for the poor (54.6%) and the MIG (61.3%) as compared to the well-tedo (26.y/o).
However, while the proportion of women who reported depression sometimes is higher than that
of men in the poor group, the opposite is seen in the well-tci-do group.
It is interesting to observe that the proportion of the well-to-do who reported never
feeling depression (55.8%) is higher than the poor (13.7Yo) and the MIG (17.8%).If we look at
gender, we find'that the proportion of men never sufFerirrg depression is higher than women in
the poor and well-to-do groups, whilst the opposite is seen in the MIG.
Hence the relations between class, gender and depression is far from linear. Depression at
an extreme level is higher at the well-to-do group. However, some level of depression persists
among the poor. Well-to-do men seem more vulnerable to depression at the highest level and
this, thus, suggests that strategy for relieving their emotional problems should be carefirlly and
sensitively handled.
Family Relationships
Persons with Whom Elderly Spend Most of the Time:
The majority of the elderly live with spouse, children and grandchildren (41 4%). The
largest proportion of those who live with their whole family is found among the poor (40.6%)
and the MIG (45.0Yo). The proportion of poor and MIG men who live with all their family
menrbers is higher than that of women in the same class groups. However, the reverse is seen in
48
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Fig, ll. 6: Feeling Depressed/ Experienced a Loss oflnterest
POOR Female1304
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50
the well-to-do and the difference between the proportions is very sharp (3.8% for men and 42.3Yo
for women) (Table II.3). This suggests that even among the well-to-do, women may still remain
dependent on others. Elderly women however do continue to play an active role in domestic
affairs such as, looking after grandchildren, especially in the light of more women joining the
workforce.
The proportion of males living with spouses only (14.8%) is higher than women (7 .3%)
which affirms a general finding in other places. This may be due to the fact widowhood is higher
among women than men. This is also reflected across all class groups.
The proportions of elderly in this ward who live with children do suggest some
possibilities in rethinking our frames. The proportion of pobr who live with children (l7.ZYo), of
MIG who live with children (14.7%) are lower than the well-to-do (28.8%). This is surprising as
one would expect that well-to-do who enjoy greater financial security would be more
independent. This suggests that non-economic factors of security and support for the elderly
needs to be explored.
If we look at the data concerning those who live with their grandchildren, we find a
higher proportion of elderly poor and MIG, in particular men are involved as compared to the
well-to-do. This suggests that the poor elderly derive zupport from more expansive social support
networks.
Whether Opinion Sought hy Memherc of the Family:
Majority of the elderly (44.6%) have reported that they are not consulted by their family
members. This is seen more sharply among women (49.5yA than men (40%). Furthermore, the
lack of consultations is unusually high in the case of women in the well-to-do group (88.5%)
than their counterparts in the poor (55.5%) and the MIG (38.6%) (Table II.3).
Consultations with sonVdaughters in law are however quite signific.arfi (29.4o/o) and it
seems that in aggregate, women depend on them more than men. One notices a swing in some
respects however, where the proportion of women depending on sons is higher than men in the
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pr group which increases with the MIG, but where the obverse is found in the well-to-do.
f-mrltations with all family members are found only among the poor and the MIG. This may be
dded to the fact the familial bonds are stronger among this group than others.
With regard to the matters on which opinions are sought, 30.8 percent elderly have
reported that consultations are sought on all issues. This is found to be very significant among
poor males (53.7ya), and MIG women (39.6%). Marriage consultations formed 23.1 percent of
the sample and men in the poor (l2Yo) and in the MIG (42.3%) are seemingly most consulted on
this issue. This suggests that elderly men are more cons.rhed in matters of marriage than the
elderly women. There seers to be no consultations on issres money which seems
surprising among all the class groups.
On matters of religion, the proportion of elderly women involved (28%) is much higher
than men (2.7%). On household matters, it appears that all elderly males in the well-to-do group
in the sample are involved. A male bias is also seen in the MIG on this matter though the obverse
is seen in the case of the poor elderly.
In a majority (55.3%) of cases, opinions of the elderly are accepted by the family
members. One notices this especially among the MIG (63.8%).In the case of the poor and the
well-to-do, the levels come to around similar levels (around 45%). While among the poor, there
is no gender difference as sucll among the well-to-do the proportion of men (73.1%) is much
higher than women (11.5%). Nevertheless, on the whole, the proportion of men involved in
acceptance (60%) is higher than women(50.2%)
Opinion on Wha Should Carefor the Elderly:
The majority of the sample felt that care of the elderly is the responsibility of the family
(63.6%). What is rather interesting is that while a larger proportion of elderly men than women
feel this way in the poor group, this swings among the MIG elderly. In the case of the well-to-do
group, the male bias seems even stronger, where all the male elderly reported feeling this way. In
fact, 98.1 percent of the well-to-do elderly reported this preference as compared to 61.7 percent
55
t\-\t\,\,\-\t\-\\\I
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----!
Fig. Il. 9: Opinion on who should Care for the Elderly
Female
MIG FemaleMale
MaleWELL TO DO
Family fCommunity trGovernment
56
ofthe poor and 59.3 percent of the MIG (Table tr.3). After the family, the government is seen as
a source of support by the respondents (23.5%)-
Involvement in Various Social Activities and Yiews on Elderly Care
Level of participation of the elderly in various social activities on the whole, appear to be
low (35.9yo). The lowest level of participation is reported for the well-to-do (13.5%).In the MIG
and the well-to-do, participation levels of elderly men are much higher than those among the
women. Among the poor, on the other hand, gender differences are minimal'
Participution in Social/ Cultursl Adivities:
A large proportion (33.8%) of the respondents have participated in social activities.
participation levels of the well-to-do, for men and wombn is 100 percent. For the poor, the
participation level is 22.7 percent, with little gender difference, while for the MIG the level is
31.7 percent. The proportion of MIG elderly men participating in social activities (54.5%) is also
much higher than women (5.3%). When it comes to chawUbuilding activities, the poor obviously
play the most important role (40.g%). However, the data shows that women played absolutely no
part in this activity; whereas in the MIG it is the men who have not played any such role- A
quarter of the sample reported not having time for social activities which consisted of especially
women belong to poor (60%) and MIG (57.g%a) strata.
Awareness about Day Centres and Hobby Centres:
Level of awareness about Day Centres and Hobby Centres levels of such centres are low
(28.7%). They are especially low among the well-to-do (11.5%) and the poor (27.3Yo).
Awareness levels are high a.mong the elderly men in the MIG (47.3%). On the whole, men's
awareness (38.1%) is higher than women (18.7%) (Table II.4).
The main reason for elderly in not participating in these centres is their ill health (30.7%)
This is especially the case for men (38.6%) than women(24.l%o). lt is significant to note that
34.9 percent of women felt that their participation in such centres is morally incorrect. This is
especially the case among the poor and the MIG. Children and family responsibility are also
important for 32.7 percent of them. This is seen at high levels by the poor (49.1Yo) and the MIG
57i
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(?5-9/o) elderly but not so by the well-to-do. There is also gender bias where more men felt this
wzy than women. Time constraints as an important factor for not participating in such centres is
stded by a few (6.5%) elderly.
A large majority of the respondents are open about living in homes or institutions
(66.6%). The lowest proportions of the respondents who affirm this view happen to be the well-
to-do elderly women (53.8%) (Table II.4).
Awareness Old Age Pensions:
Awareness of old age pensions is quite low, with only 32.9 perceilt of the sample elderly
aware of it. Surprisingly, while awareness levels are only 7.7 perc*nt among the well-to-do
elderly men, they are as high as 69.2 percerfi among the well-to-do women (Table tr.a).
Otherwise, more men proportionately are aware of older age pension than women among the
poor and MIG groups.
Perceived Serious Problems
Poor health is perceived by 53.3 percent of the poor elderly to be their serious problem.
Insufficient medical care, however, is a cause of concern for only 34.4 percent of the poor; where
more men regard it as hardly a problem than women. With regards to unfinished familial tasks,
unemployment of children is a major problem. Travel barriers are a serious problem for 45.3
percent of the sample, where for a greater proportion of women it is a very serious problem
(29.1%) than men (1s.4%).
In the case of the MIG elderly, insufficient finances are a serious problem for 51.5
percent of them. However, a larger proportion of men among them regard it as very serious
(24%) than women (7.2%). Housing is regarded as a serious problem for 24.7 percent of the
MIG elderly. A larger proportion of elderly men rega.rd it as serious (35 4%) than women
(13.1%) (Table II.5). Poor health is regarded with seriousness by 44 percent of the MIG elderly
ofboth the sexes.
61
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bss consistently rated at higher level by the elderly males than elderly females.
65
Survey of Organisations Working for the Care of Elderly
The organisations working for the welfare of the elderly in India may be categorized
broadly into: Old Age Homes, day care centers, Senior Citizens Associations and Association for
Retired Persons. Given such variety of organisations with varying levels of activity in the field of
geriatric care, \t was felt necessary to focus on various activities of these organisations. The
present study was attempted to understand their role, coverage, nature of activities, strengths,
inadequacies, future programmes, extent of interaction with other organisations and their
readiness to associate with other similar organisations.
Based on various secondary sources available so far on the list of organisations working
for the care of the elderly in Mumbai, altogether 70 organisations were found to be functioning
in the city. Their composition with respect to the type of services revealed that there are 11 Old
Age Homes, 45 Senior Citizens Associations, 12 Association for Retired Persons and 2 Day Care
Centres. A complete enumeration of all these organisations was attempted in the study and each
of them were contacted by the trained research staff. The representatives of these organisations
were contacted and information was collected from them with the help of a structured interview
schedule (see Appendices: B, C & D) designed exclusively for the study, In addition to
collection and analyses of data, the technique of social mapping was adopted and each of the 70
organisations were located exactly on the maps.
The organisations working for the care of the elderly in wards G (North) and G (South)
which are considered for the survey are.
!
G (North) WARI)
Senior Citizens Associations
l) Senior Citizens HelPlineB- 103, Vaibhav APartmentOld Prabhadevi RoadMumbai - 400 025.Contact Person: SecretaryTel. No.: 4220286
Association for Retired Persons
2) The Indian Association of Retired Persons 3)
Gohil House, L. J. RoadNear City Light CinemaMahim, Mumbai - 400 016
Contact person: SecretaryTel. No.: 4453851
G (South) WARD
Senior Citizens Associations
l) Association for Senior Citizens 2)C/o. Amol Paper Mill Pfi. Ltd.167, Ready Money TerraceDr. Annie Besant RoadWorli Naka, Mumbai - 400 018.
Contact person: Senior Vice PresidentTel. No.: 4935414
3) Senior Citizens' Organisation Prabhadevi (SCOP)
Bombay Municipal Pensioners
AssociationG/I.{ Municipal Ward OfficeBuildingGroundFloor, RoomNo. 9
J. K. Savant Marg,Dadar, Mumbai - 400 028
Contact person. Secretary
Tel. No.: 4151581
Senior Citizens Foundation (India)Z,ItimachalHouse, Plot No. 239,Jaywant Palkar Road,Opp. Annie Besant Road,Podar Hospital, WorliMumbai - 400 025.Contact person: PresidentTel. No.: 3677015 (R), 4965094 (O)
Clo. Adarsh Nagar Seva Samiti, Near Bldg. No. 35, Adarsh Nagar,
Prabhadevi, Mumbai 400 025-Contact person: SecretaryTel. No.. 4222677
67
Day Care Centre
4) The Family Welfare AgencY
Near B. D. D. Chawl-lO, N. M. Joshi Marg, Lower Pprel @)Mumbai-400 013,
Contact person. Social WorkerTel. No.: 3082085
Results
The responses of these organisations on various issues related to networking are presented
below:
G (North) WardASSOCTATTON FOR RETTRED PERSONS (ARP)
Yariables ARP 1 ARP 2
Year ofestablishment 1973 1974
Type of structure Pucc4 freely grvenbyfounder member
Pucc4 freely given by a member
No. of administrativestaff
2 social workers onoart time basis
15 members
Number of members 537 (male 480,57female)
8443
Eligibility criteria All retired persons,
irresoective of sex
One who receives Pension
Financial sources Grant from stategovernment, centralgovernment anddonations
Membership fees
ActivitiesBirthday parties Not at all Sometimes availed by all classes, organised
bv themselves
Get together forrecreational activities
Sometime Annual day for all classes organised bymember in association with neighbourhood
commumty.
Indoor games Sometimes
Celebration ofeldersdav
Readiness: certainextent
Medical camp Sometimes
E8
Yrrirbhs ARP 1 ARP 2kival and religiousfismrrse
Sometime
?lcnics Sometimes
Seminars Sometime 12 meetings in a year for all class groups
oreanised bv members
tr-etures Sometime
Felicitation of members Sometimes all classes (organized by members inassociation with neighbourhoodcommunitv)
Financial managementfor all the abovementioned activities
Contribution bymembers for picnicgassociation arrangesfor seminars/ lechrresetc
Contribution by members and fundssometimes and contribution mainly fromMIG and well to do groups in associationwith neighbour community
Problems faced in daytop day functioning ofthe organisation
Lack ofadequatefunds to carry out theactivities, inadequateflow of funds fromgovernment
Pension is an important itenL many oftheclass employer don't know how pension iscalculated, how DA is also calculated, 30olo
of the worldorce are illiterate, srzable do notknow how to invest or lead a decent lifethey are mute, do not know the roles,financial benefits they live in hutments.
Int er acti on with similarorganisations
Yes, (medical campand picnic forsometime)
Yes
Strength oforganisation and like toshare with otherors.anisation
Membership, workingbureau and like toshare with otherorganisation
Enlighten our pensioners and make thernfeel happy, main bulk of members are classIV employees.
Weaknesses ofyourorsanisation
Space No
As sociating/ interactingwith other similarorganisatiorV agencieswill have its ownbenefits/ oroblems
Yes, exchange views,idea, updateknowledge
Yes, Exchange of rules, exchange of views
Benefits Meet people,exchange views, ideas,
and update ourknowledge adds to ourexperience
Work may not be speedy, but the line ofapproachis good
69
Variebles ARP T ARP 2
Aspects to beconsidered for eflectiveinteraction with otherorsanisations/ asencies
Time is the biggest hurdle
Future plan with regardto the programme oforsanisation
Wishto continue theexisting prografitrne
Wish to continue existing programmes
Extent of readiness fornetworking with otheroreanisation
On going activities No
SEI\IIOR CITIZENS ASSOCIATIONS (SCA)
Variables SCA 1
Year of establishment r999
Affliated with other organisation No
Ownership status Given freely
Human power Administrative staff- male, part time withsmall payment
Infrastructure Those who need are sent to the municipal
dispensary, telephone facility is independently
oaid bv the association
Number of members 100 members
Elisibilitv cnteia 40 vears and above
Economic status of the members Well to do and mostly poor
Type of rnembership Life membership Rs.200/-, payment ininstallment is allowed
Maj or financial resources Contribution by members and donation
ActivitiesPicnics One day, sometimes, organised by member,
with other similar organisation and associationwith neiehbourhood communitY
Volunteer work All prrouos. oreanised bv all.
Organise cultural programmes, lightentertainment along with luncU dinner
Sometimes availed by MIG organised bymembers and association with similarorsanisation
Eye camps, blood donation, health check upcamps
Sometimes availed by MIG & poor, organised
by association with similar organisations and
association with neighbour community
Interaction/ association with other similarorganisationV agencies
Yes, InFA" Health Centre (Worli), Worliwoods organisation
70
fre with other organisations Yes, collection ofmedicine from publicdistribution to free health centres forconsumption before expiry date, open smallunit to help consumers with guidance forprotection against exploitation by seller and
'Weaknesses of organisation Yes, want of money, lack of interest in servicefrom oeoole (no time
Opinion on associating/interacting with othersimilar orsanisationV asenci
Yeg give and take policy, no restrictiorl helpwhenever needed
Aspects to be considered for effectiveinteraction with other orsanisatiFuture plan with regard to the programmes of Wish to continue the exising programmes and
Extent of readiness for networking with other Ready to associate, without any conditions
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DAY CARE CENTR"E (DCA
Variables DCA 1
f h,ration of estabtishment 1950
Twe of structure Pucca
No. of professionals Female senior and junior social worker on full time
basis (trained)
Number of service staff Para professional (community workers) female, fulltime basis (trained)
Number ofmembers 150 members
Elisibiliw criteria 50* vears ofage
Financial sources Private (trust/project fund etc), donations, contributionby beneficiaries and sponsorship in kind i-e. Material
aid
ActivitiesLibrarv and readins room Sometime availed by MIG and PoorCreating work Sometimes availed by MIG and poor; organised in
asscration with cortrmunity members
Use of musical instrument(individual activity)
Always availed by MIG and poor; and organised bymembers themselves
Si"gng Always availed by MIG and poor organised by member
themselves
Story telling Often availed by MIG and poor and organised by
members themselves
Light refreshment and indoorgames
Sometimes availed by MIG and poor; organised by
members themselves
Library and reading room Sometimes availed by MIG and poor organised bymember themselves (ready to share with condition)
Creating work Rarely availed by MIG and poor organised inassociation with community members
Use of musical instrument (groupactivitv)
Always avarled byMIG andpoor organised bymembers themselves
Att endiny' or garuzing reli giou s
discourses
Rarely availed by MIG and poor; organised inassociation with other similar organisation and inassociation with community members
Volunteers who are interested inhelping the elderly people forwriting letters, reading newspapers,
books
Rarely availed by MIG and poor; organised inassociation with other similar organisations and inassociation with community members
Counseling Always availed by MIG and poor; organised bymembers themselves
Legal help Sometimes availed by MIG and poor; organised bymembers themselves
Self help groups Always availed byMIG and poor and organised inassociation with other organisations
Yoga Always availed by MIG and poor; and organised bymembers themselves
Problems faced in day to dayfunctioning of the organisation
Lack of cooperation from mernbers/pommunity/ otheragencies/ other similar organisations
Interaction with similarorganisations
Yes, lecture, health camps and legal aid
74
Variebles DCA 1
Snengfh oforganisation and like tofue with other organisation
Yes, professional expertise, multi service centre, rdnge
of activities and issues covered and documented
experiences
Weaknesses of organisation Yes, limited resources, and infrastructure limited
Aspects to be considered fore,trective tnter astion with other
oreanisation/ agencies
Flea.co**rroication,commontask/goal,divisionofresponsibili ty and plannng effective sfi ategy
Extent of readiness for networkingwith other orsanisation
Interested, but under certain
1!
Conclusions
The findings reveals the urgency on the part of all those involved in the networking of the
organisations to channelise their efforts on the basis of important indicators as brought out by the
present study for its effective implementation and thus to strengthen the activities of the
organisations working for the care of the elderly in the city'
75r
Conclusions and Recommendations
In conclusion, it is observed that the number and type of variables and their extent of
inffuence on the living conditions of the elderly vary. Further, there are certain specific factors
that influence satisfaction levels of the elderly by belonging to different socio-economic
backgrounds. The study of the organisations working for the care of the elderly in the wards
revealed the need to channelise our efforts on the basis of the findings, for its effective
implementation and thus strengthen the activities of these organisations. The social mapping
carried out at the ward level, by plotting the location of various organisations associated with
elderly care and the main service providers like, senior citizens associations, hospital & other
medical institutions, banks, educational institutions, post offices, police stations, parks, day care
centres, service organisations and others, reveal the extent ofvariations in the locations ofthese
facilities in each ward. Thus the findings of these studies are unique in many resp€cts and have
far reaching implications for the programme of networking of organisations working for the care
of the elderly in the specified wards. Important recommendations that have emerged on the basis
of these studies are:
F The importance of family in the care of the elderly would be hardly over-emphasized.
Suitable prograrnmes need to be initiated for strengthening the institution of family
rF It is observed that among the poor strata, the non-availability of food may be a major
factor responsible for reduced intake and consequent poor health. In view of this,
supplementary nutrition programmes targeting the needy elderly in the poor localities
may be considered on a priority basis, which will ultimately help them in improving their
health status.
F Use of appropriate aids, regular medical checkups, and intake of medicines among the
poor elderly is almost absent, in spite of their requirement from the health point of view.
Therefore, local NGOs even those working on other issues of society may regularly
interact with the elderly of their community and see that the benefits reach them in time.
r The social neglect of the poor elderly pursues them throughout later life and thus their
needs take on distinct requirements that have to be attended to in the delivery of services.
rF The training of professional and para-professionals to organise and promote services and
programmes for the elderly should be given high priority, in areas such as family support,
76
financial conditiorl health care and community involvement glen the shortage of trained
personnel h the care of the elderly-
Mutual respect and understanding between the young and old can be cultivated, if India's
age old traditions of reverence to old and their wisdom is upheld. In this regard, value
based education should be given to children, so that their sensitivity towards elderly
issues wiltr be enhanced to prevent the alienation of the poor elderly from the family and
community.
An important strategy to prevent elder abuse in society is by reducing social isolation of
the old people by socializing them with the outside community programmes' It is
necessary to ensure that all health and social care workers are adequately trained to
respond to the needs ofboth the abused and the abusers'
Although non-governmental organisations (NGOO dre important sources in provision of
care for older people, they cannot function effectivd without assistance from the
government. In other words, partnership between government and NGOs in providing
good community programmes keeping in mind the needs of the poor older person is vital-
The involvement of the poor elderly in such initiatives should be encouraged'
Most of the organisations working for care of the elderly are inclined for networking
mainly to get help in the areas of space facility, transport facility and human power to
effectively carryout their various activities related to the care of elderly. These areas
needs to be taken up on a priority basis while initiating networking among the
organisations.
The fact that the majority of the organisations have showed interest to interact with other
agencies clear$ reveals their intention/inclination to come forward and join in the
networking process. Such positiveness on their part is to be considered as an
encouraging trend to initiate the process of networking.
The findings reveal that it is mostly males who may be expected to participate in the
networking process in the case of Senior Citizens Associations and associations for
retired persons. Thereby there is a need to mobilize females in the community, to join
such organisations and participate in their prografllmes for the benefit of other elderly
women of their communities.
While most of the Senior Citizens Associations have afEliations with some nodal
agencies, other organisations have some informal interactions. with other similar
organisations, mostly in their areas of operation. The results indicate that such existing
interactions among them may be considered to be the base for initiating further
interactions among them through networking.
7T
In addition to the existing activities carried out by the organisations, activities like, yoga
practices, income generation activities, involvement of other elderly from the community
to participate in the programmes etc have to be stressed for improving the quality of life
of the elderly in our society. These activities need to be considered while framing issues
for covering in the networking process.
The findings clearly reveal the need to clarify their perceived apprehensions/dilemmas
related to associating with other organisations, before involving the organisations into the
networking process.
The new activities to be initiated as an outcome of networking may be expected mostly
among the non-residential ones like, Senior Citizens Associations and associations for
retired persons, which currently carryout limited activities-
78
Bibliography
Desai, K. G. and Naik, R. D. 1972.Problems of Retired People in Greater Bombcty. Bombay:
Tata Institute of Social Sciences
Desai, K.G. and Naik, R.D. (1975): 'Problem of Retired People in Greater Bombay',
Mumbai: Tata Institute of Social Sciences.
Muttagi, P.K. (1997): Ageing issues and Old Age Care, New Delhi: Classical Publishing
Company.
Pathalq J.D. (1975): 'Medical Problems of the Old', Journal of the Gujarat Research Society,
32 (2).
Siva Rajtl S. (1997): 'The Medico-social Study ofthe Assessment of Health Status of the
Urban Elderly', Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai (mimeo),
75
Appendix
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS OF ELDERLY IN MUMBAI
INTERVIEW SCEF'.DULE
Schedule No.:
IDENTIFICATION:Name of the localityName and number of the buildingTenementNo.
4. Name of the respondent
DEMOGRAPHIC INTORMATION:@lease tick l-I the apropriate box)
t-l Female l-]
1.)J.
l.
2.
J.
Class: PoorMIG
Well to do
tr
4
Age (CompletedYears):
Marital Status (Present):MarriedWidowedSeparatedDivorcedNever marriedRemarried
ReligionHinduMuslimChristiansikhJainParsiBuddhistOthers (Specit):
HOUSING COIYDITION:1. T1,pe of dwelling:
Independent bungalowFlat in a buildingTenement with common toiletHut in a slum locafityOthers (specr$):
Orvnership of house:
* Orvned I I B_v whom spectry:
Living Arrangements:AloneStayng with SpouseStayrng with one of the childrenStayng with all childrenOthers (Speciff):
2
3
6o
4.
5-
Any room exclusively for your (and spouse's) use:
What type of assistance do you require in terms of housing condition to make yourlife more oomfortable?Comfortable with existing housing conditionSeparate roomBigger houseLiftSeparate bathrcomSeprate toiletOthers (Specit)
ECONOMIC CONDITIONS:
l. What is your current or most reoent main oocupation?Occunational Statrrs
NeverworkedDailywage earnerHawker/VendorUnskilled worker in a factorvSkilled workerTypist/Clerk/TeacherPetty hrsinessman/ShopkeeperProfessioaal/ExecutiveAdmini$rative positionBusines.(mAnUnemfloyedRetirodOthers (Spec$):
2. What plans did you make to meet your old ageDependingon sonsFixed depositsInvestment (land, shares, &bentures)No plans
3. Here is a list of sources of income - could you tell me which ones you (and your qpouse) nowhave?
Wages/salarySuperannuation/pensionRelief payrnentBusinessRentInterest or dividendfuricultural produceFinancial sumort from childrenOld age pensionO(hers (Speci$):
Most recent
8r
) which of the following statements describe your present income situation?Inffi
have not enough to provide for basic needshave just enough to provide for basic needshave eno.gh to get on with a little extraalways have money left over
Do not krro#not sureNo response
Member(s) of the familyCommunityGovernmentOthers (Speci['):
6. Are you aware that some aged persons receive old age pension from government?
7. Some old people do not have the resources to meet all their ex?enses. Who, arcording to youshould take this responsibility?
V HEALTH CONDITIONS:D How would you evaluate -your present health? Is it:
ExcellentVery goodFairly goodAveragePoor (sick)Bad (bed-ridden)Do not knoilnot sureNo response
VI
iii) Do you ever feel depressed or experienced loss ofinterest in things?Very oftenSometimes l-_lNever L__l
l\) How often do you visit the medical practitioner?
As and when need arisesl I
F'AMILY RELATIONS:1. From among the members ofyour family, with whom do you spend most ofyour time?
ltttl: I I
iD Please mention the specific ailments suffered by you in the last one-year?
82
2. What are the major matt€rs regarding which any adr:lt member(s) of your family has/have sortyour opinion/guidance drring the last one year?
FamilyMember Regardingwhat Whether your opinion was accepted:(No, yes, to a certain extent)
SOCIAL CONDITIONS:1. The following are some of the prohlems usually faced by the elderly in our society. In your own
how wouldvou rate these
Since you retired from gainful employmenq do you have a lot of ft,ee time?
Abuse (menta! physical, emotional,verbal& financial
83
If Yes, Which are the following activities do you indulge in?
ReadingWarchingT.VSleepingPlaying with grand childrenHouseholdworkGossipingMorning/Evening walkMarketingReligious activitiesBaS sittingExercisey' YogaGroup meetingsListeningfulaying music/singingKnittingJust sittingOthers (Speci&):
J. Spec$ the activities in which you d kld alld th type of hlp?
4.
5
Are there any sociat/cultural service activities in which you participate?
It is said that the healthy aged persons can participate in various social work activities and can
benefit the society loy their ability/experience. In which activities would you like to voluntarilyparticipate?
Have you heard that there are day centres and hdCry centres for the agedbeing condrctedin some
places?
Would you join if such a activity is available locally?
Ifno, speci$ the reasons:
6
Actit/ity Tvoe ofhelp needed
1
2J
456
7
8
9
l0
8tr
Iloymthinkthat it wuldbe goodi& for elderly persons to live in homes or institutionsryechlly organised for them?
Yes l-llf no, speciff reasons:
8. Whatsewicesfortheelderlyyouwouldliketohaveandinwhatway thevshouldbeDrovided?Serviee($ Way it should be provided
9. What are pur srggestions to make life mre co,mfo,rtable forthe eHypenons in the city ofIvfumbai?
Signature of the supervircr: Signature of the Investigator :
REMARKS
85
$
lAppendix
FAMILY WELFARE AGENCYMUMBAI _ 4OO 013
Research Study On*I\ETWORIqNG IN THT' AREA OB SERYICES FOR SEI\-IOR CITIZENS IN THE
CITY OF MUMBAT'
Interview Schedule for Senior Citizens Association
Schedule No.
1. mnurm'rcATroN: .
1.1 Name of respondent(Designation / Position)
1.2 Name of Organization1.3 Address
(Indicate main landmark)1.4 TelephoneNo. (Ifany)1.5 Fax (If any)1.6 E-mail address (If any)1.7 Date of establishment '.
1.8 Date of registration :
1.9 Act under which the agency was registereda) Income Tax exemption obtained ?
1. Yes2. No3. Applied to obtainIf yes, details :
b) Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA) certificate obtaind?yes1. No2. Applied to obtain
If yes, details :
1.10 Whether run byl) Government2) Voluntuy Orgaruzation3) Local Authority4) Self help groups5) Others (specify)
l.l1 Whether afEliated with other organisations?1. Yes2. NoIf Yes,1. National2. International
8{
I. ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTI]REPHYSICAL ASPECTS
2-l Type of structure :
1. Pucca2. Kuchha3. Any other (specify)
2-2Ownership statusl. Owned2. Rented3. Given freely by (specify)
2.3 Toilet facility (YeVIt{o)1. Yes2. No
4. INFRASTRUCTTIRD4.1 Transport facility
1. Owned2. Hired3. Given freely by
3.MANPOWERSex Tvm Trainins Stafis
lvdale Female Fulltirrre
Partgrrre
Ilmray Trainod Partialtytrained
NotTrained
No. of Frofessionals(speci&)l'2.3.4.5.
No. of Servire staff(Specfy)1.
2.J.
4.5.
Others (specify)1.
2.J.
4.5.
8+
42 Medical facilityl. Owned2. Shared by other organisations3. Not available
4.3 Other facilities (specifi)5. MCxGRoIINID CHARACTERISTICS oF THE MEMBERS:
5.1 Number of Members (Actual number) .
1) Male2) Female
5.2 Eligibility criteria (Age)1, 55 years and above, irrespective ofsex2. 55 years and above, only for male3. 55 years and above, only for female
5.3 Economic Status1. Well to do2. Middle income goup3. Poor4. Not applicable
5.4 Type of membership1. Ordinary2. Life membership3. Single4. Couple5. Patron6. Patron Couple7. Associate member8. Any other (specifi)
6. INCOME AND EXPEIIDITURE PATTERN6.1 Major financial sources
National1) Private - Trust I Project fundVCorporate sector (Group/Individual)2) Grant from State Government3) Grant from Central Government4) Contribution by members5) Contribution by beneficiaries5) Donations (speciflz)6) Others (specify)
International1.
2.
J.
88
6-2 What is the yearly expenditure pattern of the agency /association?Describe different major recurring and non-recurring heads of expenditure?A Recurring Heads
1. Salaries2. Honorarium to part-time doctor3. Guest speakers4. Books, Magazines, Newspapers5. Outings6. Medicines7. Rent8. Postage and stationary9. Any other (specify)B. Non-recurring Heads1. Furniture2. Equipment for games
3. Any other (specify)
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8' 1 What are the strengths of your organization (specrfy)? Would you like to share itwith other organisations which is weak in ttrat pa.ticurar activity?
l. yes2. No
8'2 What are the weaknesses ofyour organization (specify)? Are you willing to takehelp from any other organisations?
1. yes2. No
8'3 Associating/Interacting with other similar organisationVagencies will have its ow1benefits/problems, do you agree ?l. Yes2. No3. Sometimes
Specify nature of benefits :
Specify nature of problems :
8'4 Usually what is the basis / criteria adopted by you for associating with otherorganisationVagencies?
1. Based on the strength of that organization2. Extent of readiness to share theii infrastructure, expertise
or other similar aspects with other organisations.8'5 What were your experiences while interacting with those organisations/agencies?
Benefits (specify) :
Problems (specifi.) :
8'6 According to you, what aspects should be considered for effective interaction withother organisations/agencies? r'v rulvravlr\
8'7 What-are your future plans with regard to the programmes of your organzation /agency?
1. Wish to continue the existing progaraflrmes2. Modify the programmes (specify)-:3. Expand the programmes (specifr) :
ln course of your activities, do you have interactiorVassociation with other similarorgani sations/agencies?
l. Yes2. No
TfYFor what Programmes Nature of Interaction Frequency
all KarelY Sometimes Oftm Alwavs
3L
8.8 For carrying out the existing programmes / modify/ expanding the programmes of
your organizat\ory do you intend to carry them
1. On Your own2. PartiallY bY the agency
3. Partially by depending on other agencies
4. Fully depending on other agencies
5. Uncertain / not sure
8.9 Extent of readiness for networking with other organisations
Not interested (specify the reasons)
Interested, but under the following conditions (spectry)
Ready to associate, without any conditions
1.
2.
J.
****
33
FAMILY WELFARE AGENCYMUMBAI - 4OO 013.
Research Study On*NETWORIflNG IN THE AREA OF SERYICES FOR SENIOR CITIZENS IN THE
CITY OF MT]MBAI'
lnterview Schedule for Association for Retired Persons
Schedule No.
l. nnNrrrrcATroN :
1.1Name of respondent
@esignation / Position)1.2 Name of Organisation1.3 Address
(indicate main landmark)1.4 Telephone no. (if any)1.5 Fax (if a"y)1.6 E-mail address (if any)1.7 Date of establishmentI . 8.Date of registration1.9.Act under which the agency was registered:
a. Income Tax exemption obtained?l. Yes2. No3. Applied to obtain
b. Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA) certificate obtained?1. Yes2. No3. Applied to obtain
if yes, details .
1.10 Whether run byGovernmentVoluntary OrganisationLocal AuthoritySelfHelp GroupsAny other (specrfy)
2. ORGA}I-ISATIONAL STRUCTURE2.1 PHYSICAL ASPECTS
Type of structurePuccaKuchhaAny other (specify)
1.
2.J.
1.
)J.
sq
2.2
3. MANPOWER3.1
i
tl
i
2.3
Is it,1. Ownd2. Rented3. Given freelY bY (sPecifY)
Various other facilities :
1. Libraryfacility Yes/No2. Counselling facilitY Yes / No
3. Marriage bureau Yes / No
4. Any other (sPecifY)
4.BACKGRoUNDCHARACTERISTICSoFTHEMEMBERS4.1 Number of Mernbers
1. Male2. Female
(Actual no.)
_l
Sex Type TrainingMale Fmle Full
tmePdttime
Hoorry Tratud NdTrained
No. ofProfessionals(spectfy)t.2.3.
4.5.
No. of Administrativestaff(specify)1.
IJ.
4.
5.
No. of Service staff(specify)1.
2.3.
4.
5.Others Gpecfy)1.
2).4.5.
95
4.2 Eligibiliry Criteria (ASe)1. All retired persons, irrespective of sex2. Between 55 yrs to 60 yrs, irrespective of age3. Any other (specify)
4.3 Nature of membership1. Ordinary members2. Life members3. Patron4. Associate members5. Allied members6. Any other (specify)
5. NTCOUE AIYD EXPEIIDITTIRE PATTERN5. I Major Financial Sourcesl. Private (Trust/Project fund/Corporate sector (Group/Individual)2. Grant from State Govt,3. Grant from Central Gorrt.4. Donations (specify)5. Membership fees6. Others (specifi)
5.2 What is the expenditure pattern of the agency? Describe different major recurringand non-recurring heads of expenditure?
A. Recurring HeadsSalariesHonorarium to part-time doctorGuest speakersBooks, Magazines, NewspapersOutingsMedicinesRentMaintenance (Bills)Postage/ StationeryAny other (specify)
B. Non-recurring Heads1. Furniture2. Equipment for games3. Any other (specifr)
S6
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6-2Do you publicize your programmes in the community?1. Yes2. No
Ifyes,What is the usual mode of publicity and its frequency?
6.3 What are your usual problems which you face in the day to day functioning of theorganisation?
1. lack of adequate funds to carry out the activities2. Inadequate flow of funds from Govt.3. Lack of co-operation from members4. Lack ofadequate guidance/knowledge /experience /training to carry out the
task.5. Lack of co-operation from community/other agencieVother similar
organisations.6. Any other (specify)
6.4 According to you, what should be done to minimise these problems?1.
2-J.
4.6.5 What is/are the procedures involved when a person comes with pension problem?
6.6 Do you carry out any prograrnme for those who are likely to retire?
YesA{oIfyes (specify)
7. YIEWS ON NETVYORIilNG WITH OTHER ORGANISATIONS:
7.1 In course of your activities, do you have interaction/association with other similarorgani sations/agencies?
l. Yes2. No \
IfY
7 .2What are the strengths of our your organisation (specifu)? Would you like to share itwith other organisations, which is weak in that particular actilvlrty?
1. Yes2. No
7.3 What are the weaknesses of your organisation (specify)? Are you wffing to take helpfrom any other organisation?
1. Yes2. No
For what Prosrammes Nature of Interaction FreouencvNddall Rarelv Sornetimes Oftqr Always
-:E
7-4 Associatingllnteracting with other similar organisations/agencies will have its ownbenefitVproblems, do you agree?
l. Yes2. No3. Sometimes
Specify nature of benefits :
Specfy nature of problems .
7.5 Usually what is the basis I citeiaadopted by you for associating with otherorgani sations/agencies?
1. Based on the strength of that organisation2. Extent of readiness to share their infrastructurg expertise or other similar:rspects
with other organisations.
7.6 Whal were your experiences while interacting with those organisationVagencies?Benefits (specify) .
Problems (specify) :
7.7 According to you, what aspects should be considered for effective interaction withother organisations/agencies?
7.8 What are your future plans with regard to the prograrnmes of your organisation /agency?
l. Wish to continue the existing progarammes2. Modift the programmes (specify) :
3. Expand the programmes (specify) :
7.9 For carrying out the existing programmes / modi$/ expanding the programmes ofyour organisatioq do you intend to carry them
1. On your own2. Partially by the agency3. Partially depending on other agencies4. Fully depending on other agencies5. Uncertain / not sure
7 l0 Extent of readiness for networking with other organisations
l. On going activities2. Not interested (specify the reasons)3. Interested, but under the following conditions (specify)4. Ready to associate, without any conditions
,<rrrF**
loo
FAMILY WELFARE AGENCYMUMBAT _ 4OO 013
Research Study On"NETWORIilNG IN THE AREA OF SERVICES FOR SEI\-IOR CITIZENS IN THE
CITY OF MTIMBAP
Interview Schedule for Day Care Centre
Schedule No.
[. mnNru'rcarroN :
1.1 Name of respondent(Designation/Po sition)
1 2 Name of the orgaruzation1.3 Address
(indicate main land mark)1.4 Telephone no. (if any)
1.5 Fax (if any)1.6 E-mail address (if any)T.7 Date of establishment1.8 Date of registration1.9 Act under which the agency was registered
a) Income Tax exemption obtained? :
l. Yes2. No3. Applied to obtain
b) Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA) certificate obtained1. Yes2. No3. Applied to obtain
If Yes, Details1.10 Whetherrunby
l. Government2. Local Organization3. Local Authority4. Self Help Groups5. Others (specify)
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
PHYSICAL ASPECTSType of structure1. Pucca2. Kuchha3. Any other (specify)
2.1
lol
l. Library room2. Space for afternoon rest3. Space for indoor g{Lmes
4. Space for hobbies and craft5. Space for counselling6. Any other (spec,fy)
2.3 Water facility1. Always2. Partially3. Irregular
2.4Toila facility :
1.Yes2. No
Sex Tvpe TratilneMale Fernale Full
timeButtime
I{anorary Trainsd Partially NatTrained
No. of Professionals (specify)1.
)J.
4.
5.
No. of Administrative Staff(speci$)1.)J.
4.
5.
No. of Technical Statr(specifr)1.
2.
J.
4.
5.
No. of Service stalf (sp ecify)1.
')
J.
4.5.
lo2
4. NACTGROUND CHARACTERISTICS oF THE BEIIEFICIARIES4.1 Number of members, should have :
l. 50 and above members2. 100 and above members3. Should have 150 members.
4.2 Eligibility Criteria1. 55 years and above (irrespective ofsex)2. 60 years and above (irrespective of sex)3. 70 plus4. Any other (speci$z)
4 3 Type of facility (Mode of payment) :
Membership Fees1. Ordinary member2. Life member3. Single4. Couple5. Nominal fee for a specific programme6. Any other (specify)
5. INCOME AI\D EXPENDITURE PATTERN1.1 1 Major Financial Sources
National1. Private (TrustlProject fund/Corporate sector(Group/Individual)2. Grant from State Govt.3. Grant from Central Govt.4. Donations (specifi)5. Contribution by beneficiaries6. Others (specify)
International1.
2.3.
lo5
5.1 Wfrat is the expenditure pattern of the agency? Describe diflerent major recurring and
non-recurring heads of expenditure?A. Recurring Heads
1. Salaries2. Honorarium to part-time doctor3. Guest speakers
4. Books, Magazines, Newspapers5. Outings6. Medicines7. Rent8. Maintenance (Bills)9. Postage10. Stationery11. Conveyance12. Any other (specify)
B. Non-recurring Heads1. Furniture2. Equipment for games
3. Any other (specify)
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6.2What are your usual problems which you face in the day to day functioning of theorgantzatton?
1. lack of adequate funds to carry out the activities2. Inadequate flow of funds from Govt.3. Lack of co-operation from members4. Lack of adequate guidance/knowledge /experience ltrainngto carry
out the task.5. Lack of co-operation from community/other agencieslother similar
organizations.6. Any other (specify)
6.3 According to you, what should be done to minimise these problems?
1.
2.
3.
4.
7. VIEWS ON hTETWORKING WITH OTHER ORGAIIIZATIONS:7.1ln course ofyour activities, do you have interactiorVassociation with other similar
or garuzations/agenci es?
l. yes2. No
TfY
7.2lWhat are the strengths of your organtzation (specify). Would you like to share it withother organization who is weak in that particular activity ?
l. Yes2. No
7 3 What are the weaknesses of your organzation (speciS) are you *illirg to take helpfrom any other organization?
1. yes2. No
7.4 Associating/Interacting with other similar organizationVagencies will have its ownbenefits/problems, do you agree?
1. Yes2. No3. Sometimes
Specify nature of benefits:
Speci$ nature of problems:
For what Prosrammes Nature of Interaction FrequencyNot at all Rarely Sometimes Oftst Always
lo7
r, =;Ii
7.5 Usually what is the basis I cntena adopted by you for associating with otherorganizationVagencies?
1. Based on the strength of that organzation2. Extent of readiness to share their infrastructurg expertise or other similar aspects
with other organizations.
7.6 What were your experiences while interacting with those organizationslagencies?Benefiis (specrfi) :
Problems (specify) :
7.7 According to you, what aspects should be considered for effective interaction withother organizationVagencies?
7,8 What are your future plans with regard to the programmes of your organizaion Iagency?
1 Wish to continue the existing prograqirmes2. Modfi the programmes (specify) :
3. Expand the programmes (specifu) :
7.9 For carrying out the existing programmes i modify/ expanding the programmes ofyour organization, do you intend to carr5. them
1. On your own2. Partially by the agency3. Partially depending on other agencies4. Fully depending on other agencies5. Uncertain / not sure
7.10 Extent of readiness for networking with other organizations1. On going activities2. Not interested (specify the reasons)3.Interested, but under the following conditions (specifii)4. Ready to associate, without any conditions
***
)oB
