PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE FOR DEVELOPMENT ACTION (PRADAN)

MISSION STATEMENT

IMPACTING LIVELIHOODS TO ENABLE RURAL COMMUNITIES

APPROACH

• CAPACITY BUILDING OF THE RURAL COMMUNITIES

• WOMEN SHG IS CORE COMMUNITY ORGANISATION

• SECTOR BASED LIVELIHOOD INITIATIVES

Rationale for choosing Tasar Sericulture

• Important livelihood activity of forest dwelling communities

• Traditional activity: skills and resources available.

• Large domestic and international market

• Huge gap in demand and supply

• Require low investment

Life cycle of Tasar insect

Cocoon Stage

Moth coupling

Hatching of worms

Young worm

Moulting

Adult worm

Duration of life cycle: 40-70 days.

Host Plant: Terminalia spp.

No. of Life cycles / year: 2-3.

Problem setting

• Acute shortage in Disease Free Laying (seed) supply.

• Uncertainty of crop

• Crude technology for processing

• Narrow product range

• Traders and moneylenders dominated the Producers in the value chain.

Visualized Scenario

• Availability of High quality seeds at affordable price.

• Productivity enhancement by 150%

• Sustainable annual income of Rs. 6000-15000 for individual producers.

• Increased value addition at local levels to create livelihoods for women

• Tasar spreading to non-traditional areas

• Increased market share of Indian Tasar.

Basic seeds from CSB Grainage

Infrastructure

CreditTraining by CSB

and PRADAN

Seed Rearer

Chawkie plantations

Training by CSB and PRADAN

Rearing Equipments

Commercial DFLsCommercial

Rearers

Chawkie plantations

Credit from SHGs

Rearing Equipments

Training by CSB and PRADAN

Cocoons

Reelers’ Groups/Open market

Seed cocoons

PRADAN’S Model of Intervention-Pre cocoon

Scale and Profile of producers involved at various stages

• Plantation :714 family

• Grainage : 120 people

• Silkworm Rearing: 1752 fam.

• Reeling/spinning : 377

• Weaving : 260

• Service providers : 63

• SHG member families

• Literate Tribal youth

• Tribal men and women

• ST and OBC women

• Men from muslim comm.

• Educated rural/ urban

youth.

AREA OF OPERATION IN BIHAR

Block: 3Village: 119

• Owned and managed by individual entrepreneur.

• Established in rearing villages.

• Number of cycle per year : 1

• Expected production of DFLs : 4500 - 5000

• Number of rearers to be catered: 12 – 18

• Duration of grainage cycle : 20 - 25 days.

Salient features of village level grainage

• Sorted seed cocoons are tied to threads

• Bunches of cocoons hung in grainage

• Ambiance facilitates moth emergence

• Male and female moths couple

Process of DFL production in grainage

• Cocoons are dried briefly under sun

• Samples of the lot tested for disease

• Seed cocoons are sorted based on built

• Moths are manually decoupled

• Inseminated moths kept in egg laying boxes

• Moths lay eggs for 72 hours

• Grainage room thoroughly cleaned

•Walls and floors sprayed with Formalin

•Room allowed to dry up

•Female moths are checked for disease

• Graineur performs examination independently

•Eggs of healthy moths are retained

• Eggs are washed in soaps

• Soaked in Formalin

• Washed vigorously in flowing water

• Dried under shade

• Dried eggs are measured

• Packaged in small cotton bags

• Sold as Disease Free layings

• DFLs sold to the rearers from Grainage

• DFLs are sold through upfront payment

Silkworm Rearing: Strategies and Approaches

• Improvement of Host flora

• Adoption of Scientific practices

• Focus on enhancement of Productivity

• Risk mitigation and marketing

Tasar Silkworm Rearing

• Separate set of plants for Young worms

• Applying of higher dose of manures

• Regular pruning to maintain height.

Use of DFLs

Rearing of young silk worm Protected condition

• Right way of feeding

• Watch and ward against predators

Regular shift of worms to fresh plants

• Women play crucial role

• Higher productivity

• High grade of cocoons

• Sanitation & Prophylaxis

• Minimization of disease

• Synchronized growth of worms

Raising Arjuna plantation

Plantation Raised : 500 Hac. Major FocusNo. of Family : 714 - Creating vision

- Strengthening community organization

- Ensuring growth standard- Timely input supply

Productivity

33

24

29

3835

2933

42

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

2003 2004 2005 2006

Seed cocoonComm. Cocoon

Data gathered from 1000 rearers

Basic seed production(Future of sericulture)

• Responsibility with 2 co-operatives• 1.40 Lakh cocoons preserved• Control over major variables

• Rearing in isolated plantations• Less than 1% disease in seed• DFLs prepared under professional supervision• Preservation in new building

• Basic Seed produced: 34000 dfls• Cater to needs of 80% of current requirement

Net Income Generation

1238/- (60 days)0.9275Yarn producers : Learner

6.

7426/- (200 days)22.05297Yarn producers : Experience

5.

8437/-

3200/- (70 days)

9591/- (60days)

9771/- (25 days)

5200/- (45 days)

Income/ family (Rs.)

160.991908Total

0.3210Nursery farmer4.

121.991272Comm. Rearing3.

5.3755Grainage2.

10.34199Seed rearing1.

Net Income (Lakh)

No.of family

ActivitySl.No

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Families

<5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 >30

Income in Rs.'000'

Income distribution

Families

Utilization of income

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Agricu

lture

Busine

ssDep

osit

Loan

House

Educa

tion

Health

HH.Exp

.Marr

iage

% of income

Post-Cocoon Activities: Reeling & Spinning

Major Strategies:

• Capacity building.

• Extending improved technology.

• Eliminating primitive practices.

• Organizing Forward and Backward linkages.

• Separating production risk from enterprise risk.

Traditional Tasar Reeling

• Odd Looking

• Oppressive to women

• Involves children

• Controlled by money lenders

• Painful process

• Unhygienic practice

• Abysmally low production

•Low productivity makes it unviable

SHGs

Organizational support

CSB

Training

Reeler groupRearers’ group Cocoons

Bank

Credit

PRADAN

Enabling support

Reeled yarn

Marketing Unit

Yarn Market

WeaversFabric Production

Fabric Market

Post-Cocoon Activity: Scheme

CFC & Equipment

Government

•Promoted to create income for women

•Technology: CSTRI Reeling Machine

•Women spend 6-8 hours a day

•Average daily net income: Rs.40-60.

•Number of women involved: 225

•Buyers : major export houses

•Individual weavers

•MASUTA producers’ Company Ltd.

Tasar Reeling Activity

Working Condition

• Asset owned by women

• Reelers responsible for:

•Production mgt.

•Record Keeping

•Asset Maintenance

•Raw material proc.

•Credit leveraging

•Market info. Gather

•Control over income

• Ann.income / Reeler -Spinner : Rs. 8-14000

Moving Towards Entrepreneurship

Rearers

Reelers Weavers

Finishers

Wholesalers

Retailers

15%

15%

12%

8%

25%

15%

Cocoon traders

Agents

10%

Traditional Value Chain

Graineur

Rearers

Reelers

Weavers

Finishers

Wholesalers

Retailers

25%

14%

13%

3%

8%

25%

12%

Value Chain designed by PRADAN

(15%)

(10%)

•Number of weavers MASUTA PCL work with : 200

•Total production of fabric & made up : 1lacks meter

•Total direct yarn sale : 6.4 ton

•Total Value of direct yarn sale : Rs96lacks

•Total Value of fabric sale : Rs1.7 Corer

•Total remuneration to yarn producers: : Rs43Lacks

Marketing and Fabric production

Grainage house constructed : 56

Rearer's-operative building : 6

Common Facility Centre : 9(Yarn Production)

Cocoon Godown : 1

Rearers’ co-operativeCocoon Godown

Common Facility Centre

Infrastructure Created

Production data

• No.of cocoons produced : 104.94 Lakhs

• No.of commercial DFLs produced : 1.97 Lakhs

• Quantity of yarn produced : 3.8 Ton

Scope for future expansion

•There is huge gap in demand and supply in case of tasar silk production. We can expand till 5times of present raw silk production to meet the demand with domestic Tasar.

•Scope for plantation of tasar host plant at Banka, Jamui & Mungare focusing to tribal cluster.

•Developing the mulberry with irrigated infrastructure with prevailing cluster approach