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Why Good Governanceis Local GovernanceIntegrating Participation thruCivil Societyby Edmund S. Tayao, LOGODEF

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and Governance as

ServiceFrom purely political and security issues toeconomic and welfare issues

Education, Health, Labor, Natural Resources especially Water, Religiousand Ethnic Diversity, Disaster Management and Mitigation, TrafficManagement and other day to day issues

Representation, Transparency, Accountability and

Responsiveness

Government to Governance

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Development Requires

A Bigger Role for LGUsReinventing as Restructuring (Osborne and Gaebler 1992)

LGUs are at the frontlines of governance

Governance as Division of Labor and Participation

Key Points are to Maximize, Organize and Optimize

Maximize Resources

Organize Constituency

Optimize Delivery of Services

The Farther the LGU from the national government the moresignificant role it plays

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Increasing Role of

LGUsAs Social andEconomicDevelopmentbecomes the focus

of GovernmentLocalGovernmentshave also come toplay moreimportant roles

On Average sub-nationalGovernmentsspend between aminimum of 15and a maximum of19 percent of the

total GDP.

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Public Expenditure Areas FundedWholly At the Sub-National LevelOr Shared With the Central

Government

Fire Protection

Heating

Irrigation

Police

Public Order andSafety

Oil and gas Pipeline

OTHER SERVICES

Urban Transportation

Railroads

Airports

Ports & NavigableWaterways

Urban Highways

Inter-Urban Highways

TRANSPORTATION

Telecommunications

Electric Power Supply

Waste Collection

Drinking Water andSewerage

UTILITIES

Housing

Nutrition Programs

Primary andPreschool Education

Secondary Education

Universities

Public Health

Hospitals

Social Welfare

SOCIAL SERVICES

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Substantial Sharing of

Functions and Expenses80 to 85 percent ofGDP still with CentralGovernmentconsidering keyfunctions of nationalbureaucracy, foreignrelations, nationaldefense, monetaryand fiscal policy

Together withExpenditures sharedbetween national andlocal governments,40 % is spent on 4service areas ofsocial services,transportation, utilityservices and others

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row ngDevelopmental

Function of LGUs Utility Servicesreceive the mostfunding at the locallevel accounting for

Telecommunications,Electric PowerSupply, WasteCollection andDrinking Water andSewerage

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Nature of Local

Governments

UN considers LGUs as political subdivisions of a

nation or state

Concept of Governance require greater role forLGUs

Unique Conditions and Policy options

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ee or anSignificance of Civil

Society

Enrich Policy or Program, anticipating whats

acceptable to constituency;

Involvement will also translate to co-ownership ofthe initiative;

Transparency and Accountability is ensured

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Challenges to Good

Local GovernanceMixed result of decentralization

Central-local coordination or struggle

Administrative and Fiscal Incapacity of Local Governments

Civil Society Participation in Policy formulation and

implementation

Nature (character) of Civil Society

Lack or even absence of Civil Society in some areas

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Political Elasticity

1. Integrate/alternate soft and hard power

2.Rubber band/Balloon characteristics

i. decentralize without losing control

ii. expand influence reliably with the objective of affecting behavior ofcitizens/constituency

3.Appropriate Political Hardware and Software

4.Software directly proportional to good practices5.Balance 2 forms of struggle (i.e. competitive

advantage and consensus)

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Maximizing Civil

SocietyInstitutionalize Participation by Institutionalizing

channels of Participation;

Identify key sectors in society as stakeholders ofspecific initiatives or programs;

Promote or Popularize initiatives thru the keystakeholders identified.

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>The Local Government is aproper government itself

>The idea is tocontinuously review and

reinvent politics andgovernance