Prof. Maria da Graça Carvalho - European Commission - The EU Strategy Towards a Low Carbon Society

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Connected Urban Development Conference San Francisco – February 21st, 2008 Prof. Maria da Graça Carvalho Principal Adviser Bureau of European Policy Advisers European Commission The EU Strategy Towards a Low Carbon Society

Transcript of Prof. Maria da Graça Carvalho - European Commission - The EU Strategy Towards a Low Carbon Society

Page 1: Prof. Maria da Graça Carvalho - European Commission - The EU Strategy Towards a Low Carbon Society

Connected Urban Development ConferenceSan Francisco – February 21st, 2008

Prof. Maria da Graça CarvalhoPrincipal Adviser

Bureau of European Policy AdvisersEuropean Commission

The EU Strategy Towards a Low Carbon Society

Page 2: Prof. Maria da Graça Carvalho - European Commission - The EU Strategy Towards a Low Carbon Society

The Overall Strategy

Unbundling - Efficient and well functioning Energy Markets

Renewables

CO2 – in the Emission Trading Scheme - ETS

CO2 – out of the ETS

The Strategic Energy Technology Plan

The RTD Framework Programme

The Competition and Innovation programme

CONCERTO

CIVITAS

The Covenant of Mayors

Conclusions

Outline

Neither the European Commission, nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of the information contained in this presentation. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission.

Page 3: Prof. Maria da Graça Carvalho - European Commission - The EU Strategy Towards a Low Carbon Society

In March 2007 the 27 Heads of States and Governments unanimously agreed to:

precise, legally quantified binding targets20% GHG emissions in 2020

30% if there is an international climate agreement20% share of renewables by 202020% more energy efficiency by 2020

The overall strategy

To stay inside of the triangle of the 3 pillars of the EU energy policy:

•Security of supply•Competitiveness•Sustainability

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Objective: a complete and well functioning internal market in electricity and natural gas

effective separation of supply and production activities from the network operation

further harmonisation of powers and enhanced independence of the national energy regulators

creation of a mechanism for transmission systems operators to improve the coordination of network operation and grid security, cross-border trade and grid operations

greater transparency in energy market operations

Unbundling Towards Efficient Energy Markets

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Objective: to get to 20% RES by

« Burden » sharing between the Member States, on the

basis of the current share of RES and the GDP projections

The establishment of certificates of guarantees of origin for

energy vectors derived from RES

The establishment of a market for these certificates

A specific 10% target for sustainable renewable based fuels

in transport, in each Member State, subject to the fact that

biofuels are sustainable and that the 2nd generation biofuels

becomes economically available

With sustainability criteria for biofuels

Renewables

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From 2005: The Emission Trading Scheme (ETS) is in placeIt involves only CO2 and only some industrial sectors (power generation andlarge combustion installations)

For 2008-2012: This is the second period of the ETSIt corresponds to the 1st commitment period of the Kyoto ProtocolThe Kyoto commitment is for the EU15 and there is a burden sharingagreement between the Member States

After 2012 : Improvements of the ETS-20% GHG compared to 1990

Greenhouse Gas and the Emission

Trading Scheme – Present Situation

See next slides

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Objective: To improve the functionning of the European Emissions Trading Scheme

(ETS)

The inclusion of greenhouse gases other than CO2

The inclusion of petrochemicals, ammonia and aluminium

A market covering 150 million tons of CO2 equivalent per year

Auctioning the emission allowances for the power sector from 2013

A potential revenue of 30000 to 50000 million €/yr for Member States, 20% of

which must be re-injected in low greenhouse gas technologies

The inclusion of CO2 capture and storage from 2013 in the ETS

With a specific directive on the geological storage of CO2

Specific arrangements for energy intensive industries to maintain their competitiveness

if there is no global climate change agreement in place by 2011

CO2 in the Emission Trading

Scheme

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Objective: To decrease the greenhouse gas emissions

not covered by the ETS by 10% by 2020

« burden » sharing between the Member States on the

basis of their CO2 emissions in 2005 and of their GDP

projections

Reporting and verifications mechanisms for the above

The possibility to use CDMs

Limited to 3% per year of the CO2

emissions of the country in 2005 if there is

no international agreement in place by

2011

Unlimited if there is an international agreement

CO2 outside of ETS

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Objective : To develop the energy technologies which will allow for a

new industrial revolution and deliver competitive growth with low

carbon emissions

Proposing a joint integrated planning and European Industrial Initiatives in:

European Wind Initiative

Solar Europe Initiative

Bio-energy Europe Initiative

European Electricity Grid Initiative

European CO2 capture, transport and storage initiative

Sustainable fission initiative (Gen IV)

Fuel cells and hydrogen (JTI on-going)

Fusion (ITER on-going)

The Strategic Energy technology

Plan

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The main instrument of the EU to support RTDWorking mainly with collaborative projects, with industry, universities, R&D centers

FP7 : 50521 million € over 7 years, 2006 to 2013, 9 themes Budget

(€ million, current prices)

1. Health 5 984 2. Food, agriculture and biotechnology 1 935

3. Information and communication technologies 9 110 4. Nanotechnologies, materials and

production 3 467

5. Energy 2 265 6. Environment 1 886 7. Transport 4 180 8. Socio-economic research 607

9. Security and space 2 858

The 7th Framework Programme for Research and Demonstration

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Objective: to encourage the competitiveness of European enterprises.

3621 million€ from 2007 to 2013

•Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as main target•Supports innovation activities (including eco-innovation)•Provides better access to finance and deliver business support services in the regions•Encourages a better take-up and use of information and communications technologies (ICT)•Helps to develop the information society•Promotes the increased use of renewable energies and energy efficiency.

Divided in 3 sections

•Entrepreneurship and innovation programme•Information Communication Technologies Policy support Programme •Intelligent Energy Europe

The Competitiveness and Innovation Programme

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Objective : Bring large amounts of Renewables and energy efficiency into cities, increase the quality of life and create business opportunities

Concerto

46 communities in 18 projects worth a total of 4600 M€, with new and renewed housing for 1 million people, each working to deliver the highest possible level of self-supply of energy.

Expecting a energy consumption and GHG emission reduction of 60 to 70%

An innovative approach of city optimisation

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Civitas

Objectives:

Increased energy efficiency in

urban transport

Contribute to improving road safety

in urban areas

Increase share of biofuels and

other alternative fuels

Reduction of CO2, pollutant

emissions and noise

Improving efficiency &

effectiveness of urban transport &

increase modal share sustainable

modes

Management of public space and

congestion

A innovative strategy for clean urban transport

36 cities in 17 countries

RomeGenoaVenicePotebza

LilleNantesToulouseLa Rochelle

BarcelonaBurgos

Cirk

Rotterdam

BristolWinchesterNorwichPreston

GöteborgStockholmMalmö

BerlinBremenStuttgart

Ljubljana

Graz

BucharestSuceavaPloiesti

PecsDebrecen

Prague

AalborgOdense

DgyniaKralow

Kaunas

Tallinn

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The Covenant of Mayors (currently in draft) is a commitment from Mayors of major cities throughout Europe (almost 100 cities, including 15 capitals) to politically frame the cooperation between all the actors (EU, national, cities) for climate change and energy:

Go beyond the objectives of the EU for 2020Adapt the city structuresMobilise the civil societyShare experience

It should be signed towards the end of 2008, in an event currently in preparation

Covenant of Mayors

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Knowledge, intelligence and political action allows Europe to simultaneously achieve :

•Sustainability•Security of energy supply•Competitiveness of the industry•Quality of life

Conclusions

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Neither the European Commission, nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of the information contained in this presentation. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission.