Prof. Maria da Graça Carvalho - European Commission - The EU Strategy Towards a Low Carbon Society
-
Upload
shane-mitchell -
Category
Business
-
view
1.595 -
download
0
Transcript of Prof. Maria da Graça Carvalho - European Commission - The EU Strategy Towards a Low Carbon Society
Connected Urban Development ConferenceSan Francisco – February 21st, 2008
Prof. Maria da Graça CarvalhoPrincipal Adviser
Bureau of European Policy AdvisersEuropean Commission
The EU Strategy Towards a Low Carbon Society
The Overall Strategy
Unbundling - Efficient and well functioning Energy Markets
Renewables
CO2 – in the Emission Trading Scheme - ETS
CO2 – out of the ETS
The Strategic Energy Technology Plan
The RTD Framework Programme
The Competition and Innovation programme
CONCERTO
CIVITAS
The Covenant of Mayors
Conclusions
Outline
Neither the European Commission, nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of the information contained in this presentation. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission.
In March 2007 the 27 Heads of States and Governments unanimously agreed to:
precise, legally quantified binding targets20% GHG emissions in 2020
30% if there is an international climate agreement20% share of renewables by 202020% more energy efficiency by 2020
The overall strategy
To stay inside of the triangle of the 3 pillars of the EU energy policy:
•Security of supply•Competitiveness•Sustainability
Objective: a complete and well functioning internal market in electricity and natural gas
effective separation of supply and production activities from the network operation
further harmonisation of powers and enhanced independence of the national energy regulators
creation of a mechanism for transmission systems operators to improve the coordination of network operation and grid security, cross-border trade and grid operations
greater transparency in energy market operations
Unbundling Towards Efficient Energy Markets
Objective: to get to 20% RES by
« Burden » sharing between the Member States, on the
basis of the current share of RES and the GDP projections
The establishment of certificates of guarantees of origin for
energy vectors derived from RES
The establishment of a market for these certificates
A specific 10% target for sustainable renewable based fuels
in transport, in each Member State, subject to the fact that
biofuels are sustainable and that the 2nd generation biofuels
becomes economically available
With sustainability criteria for biofuels
Renewables
From 2005: The Emission Trading Scheme (ETS) is in placeIt involves only CO2 and only some industrial sectors (power generation andlarge combustion installations)
For 2008-2012: This is the second period of the ETSIt corresponds to the 1st commitment period of the Kyoto ProtocolThe Kyoto commitment is for the EU15 and there is a burden sharingagreement between the Member States
After 2012 : Improvements of the ETS-20% GHG compared to 1990
Greenhouse Gas and the Emission
Trading Scheme – Present Situation
See next slides
Objective: To improve the functionning of the European Emissions Trading Scheme
(ETS)
The inclusion of greenhouse gases other than CO2
The inclusion of petrochemicals, ammonia and aluminium
A market covering 150 million tons of CO2 equivalent per year
Auctioning the emission allowances for the power sector from 2013
A potential revenue of 30000 to 50000 million €/yr for Member States, 20% of
which must be re-injected in low greenhouse gas technologies
The inclusion of CO2 capture and storage from 2013 in the ETS
With a specific directive on the geological storage of CO2
Specific arrangements for energy intensive industries to maintain their competitiveness
if there is no global climate change agreement in place by 2011
CO2 in the Emission Trading
Scheme
Objective: To decrease the greenhouse gas emissions
not covered by the ETS by 10% by 2020
« burden » sharing between the Member States on the
basis of their CO2 emissions in 2005 and of their GDP
projections
Reporting and verifications mechanisms for the above
The possibility to use CDMs
Limited to 3% per year of the CO2
emissions of the country in 2005 if there is
no international agreement in place by
2011
Unlimited if there is an international agreement
CO2 outside of ETS
Objective : To develop the energy technologies which will allow for a
new industrial revolution and deliver competitive growth with low
carbon emissions
Proposing a joint integrated planning and European Industrial Initiatives in:
European Wind Initiative
Solar Europe Initiative
Bio-energy Europe Initiative
European Electricity Grid Initiative
European CO2 capture, transport and storage initiative
Sustainable fission initiative (Gen IV)
Fuel cells and hydrogen (JTI on-going)
Fusion (ITER on-going)
The Strategic Energy technology
Plan
The main instrument of the EU to support RTDWorking mainly with collaborative projects, with industry, universities, R&D centers
FP7 : 50521 million € over 7 years, 2006 to 2013, 9 themes Budget
(€ million, current prices)
1. Health 5 984 2. Food, agriculture and biotechnology 1 935
3. Information and communication technologies 9 110 4. Nanotechnologies, materials and
production 3 467
5. Energy 2 265 6. Environment 1 886 7. Transport 4 180 8. Socio-economic research 607
9. Security and space 2 858
The 7th Framework Programme for Research and Demonstration
Objective: to encourage the competitiveness of European enterprises.
3621 million€ from 2007 to 2013
•Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as main target•Supports innovation activities (including eco-innovation)•Provides better access to finance and deliver business support services in the regions•Encourages a better take-up and use of information and communications technologies (ICT)•Helps to develop the information society•Promotes the increased use of renewable energies and energy efficiency.
Divided in 3 sections
•Entrepreneurship and innovation programme•Information Communication Technologies Policy support Programme •Intelligent Energy Europe
The Competitiveness and Innovation Programme
Objective : Bring large amounts of Renewables and energy efficiency into cities, increase the quality of life and create business opportunities
Concerto
46 communities in 18 projects worth a total of 4600 M€, with new and renewed housing for 1 million people, each working to deliver the highest possible level of self-supply of energy.
Expecting a energy consumption and GHG emission reduction of 60 to 70%
An innovative approach of city optimisation
Civitas
Objectives:
Increased energy efficiency in
urban transport
Contribute to improving road safety
in urban areas
Increase share of biofuels and
other alternative fuels
Reduction of CO2, pollutant
emissions and noise
Improving efficiency &
effectiveness of urban transport &
increase modal share sustainable
modes
Management of public space and
congestion
A innovative strategy for clean urban transport
36 cities in 17 countries
RomeGenoaVenicePotebza
LilleNantesToulouseLa Rochelle
BarcelonaBurgos
Cirk
Rotterdam
BristolWinchesterNorwichPreston
GöteborgStockholmMalmö
BerlinBremenStuttgart
Ljubljana
Graz
BucharestSuceavaPloiesti
PecsDebrecen
Prague
AalborgOdense
DgyniaKralow
Kaunas
Tallinn
The Covenant of Mayors (currently in draft) is a commitment from Mayors of major cities throughout Europe (almost 100 cities, including 15 capitals) to politically frame the cooperation between all the actors (EU, national, cities) for climate change and energy:
Go beyond the objectives of the EU for 2020Adapt the city structuresMobilise the civil societyShare experience
It should be signed towards the end of 2008, in an event currently in preparation
Covenant of Mayors
Knowledge, intelligence and political action allows Europe to simultaneously achieve :
•Sustainability•Security of energy supply•Competitiveness of the industry•Quality of life
Conclusions
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Neither the European Commission, nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of the information contained in this presentation. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission.