Prof. Gautam Dasgupta Columbia University Security Engineering -- An Introduction to the LiveDesign...
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Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Security Engineering-- An Introduction to the
LiveDesign Paradigm
byGautam Dasgupta, Professor, Civil EngineeringColumbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
Tel:212-854-3102;fax:212-854-6267;email:[email protected]
url:www.columbia.edu/~gd18
Keywords: Bayesian updating, extreme value statistics, security and sensors
Date modified: August 8, 2004
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Design vs. LiveDesign
Conventional design/construction governed by:
1. mechanical stress
2. cost considerations
LiveDesign
a. geared towards mitigating disasters
b. detects imminent threats and breach of security
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
IT based LiveDesign
Information Technology (IT) has empowered engineers
to develop LiveDesign prototypes that
I) alert civic authorities confronted
with manmade disasters
II) suggest optimal evacuation/rescue
along the most favorable routes
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Statistical decision in LiveDesign
IT-based optimization/decision process
1. high speed
2. large scale
3. distributed computation
4. impliments extreme-value statistics
Bayesian updating is almost instantaneous
Hence the paradigm is termed LiveDesign.
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
1. Background work from 2001(a) engineers(b) architects(c) computer scientists(d) lawyers
2. LiveDesign core methodology3. Randomly selected office building models4. Seamless information augmentation -- open
environment5. Nonrestrictive extension for all civil infrastructures
(a) watersheds(b) energy systems
6. Versatility of LiveDesign
LiveDesign Research
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Three principal parts of LiveDesign
1. Data acquisition
2. Statistical combination of characteristic indicators
to construct threat scenarios
3. Display/broadcast virtual reality-based
smart signs of optimal paths:
a. evacuation
b. rescue
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Data acquisition combines:
1. Available structural stress analysis
and response history
2. Building codes
3. Legal requirements
4. On-line sensor readings
Quantitative and qualitativeData in LiveDesign
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Threat scenarios constructed by
statistical combination:
1. Principal component analysis
assesses the most fatal state
2. Interval arithmetic depicts
confidence bounds
3. fuzzy logic constructs
spatio-temporal threat patterns
LiveDesign
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Functions of LiveDesign IT engines
1. carry out dynamic searches on the LiveDesign database
1-a. signal fatal events from extreme value statistics
1-b. check tight bounds on the confidence interval to predict credible threats
2. sort out anomalies such as noise and spreads on the confidence bounds
2-a. continuously fine-tune a self-learning process
2-b. eliminate false alarms as statistical outliers
3. discover yet to be identified ominous impending events
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
LiveDesign
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
LiveDesign Bayesian Network1. Security costs depend nonlinearly on the associated payoff
2. All indices can be assessed only in the probabilistic sense
3. Bayesian network is an elegant representation:(a) operates on joint probabilities(b) uses graphical communication language(c) is based on the semantics of causality
4. Modeling procedure is symbolic has been partially written in Mathematica5. Current research contains Modelica:— graph theory constructs implement qualitative features
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Elements of the network
1. The network formulation starts with elementary subsystems
2. Modelica can create complex systems using the formal specifications of
the links in the LiveDesign database
3. Benchmark examples have been verified using Mathematica:
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Large number of variables
1. Eigenvalues with Interval Arithmetic
— principal component analysis
2. Yield the threat index from a composite scenario
3. An order of a thousand statistical security variables
4. The generic form:
integral equations
yields the fixed point scheme with the kernel .
This has already been conveniently programmed in Mathematica.
∫= ηηη dyfyxfyxf )|(),|()|(
∫= ηηη dyfxfyxf )|()|()|(
∫ ∫== dxxfxyfyfdyyfyxfxf )()|()(;)()|()(
∫= ')'()',()( dxxfxxhxf
∫= dyxyfyxfxxh )'|()|()',(
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Extreme Value Statistics
Table 1: Three forms of distributions of extremes
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Chemistry experiments to bridge theory and reality based learning and provide the bases for bio-sensors:
1. There may be more than a single answer to a question or problem
2. Several outcomes may be possible with a varying degree of predictability
3. The fuzzy logic concepts resolve such issues
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
LiveDesign deep domain modeling formalism
1. Architects create the LiveBluePrint2. A collection of its various parts, and then assembled.3. Modern buildings are more complicated:
(a) there are additional subsystems(b) such as power, water, elevators(c) and above all a security infrastructure
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
Intelligent Infrastructureby LiveDesign
1. Smart structures respond to their surroundings
(a) Safety
(b) Thermo-mechanical inputs
2. Intelligent infrastructures
(a) Security
(b) Safety concerns as subsets
(c) Societal policy inputs
3. Information based technology
(a) Integration of quantitative and qualitative data
(b) Computer understandable . representation/communications
Prof. Gautam DasguptaColumbia University
The LiveDesign Team
1. Universities(a) Columbia University(b) MIT(c) Carnegie Mellon University(d) University of Maine
2. Industries(a) OKG Constructions, NYC(b) Contour Graphics Architects, NYC(c) Serby Attorneys, NYC
3. Foreign collaborators(a) Kagawa University, Japan
(b) Laboratoire d’Optique, Besancon, France