Products  monitoring  

Science  data  quality  control  

Fig.  3  

EarthCARE  ESA  products  

Instrument  performances  monitoring  

Products  quality  assessment  

The  ICMF  will  implement  the  instrument  and  products  monitoring  funcBons  within  the  PDGS.  The  ICMF  will  receive  all  products  generated  within  the  PDGS  and  provide  (to  the  Quality  Control  team  and  data  users)  reports  and  quick-­‐look  images  about  science  data  quality  and  instrument  and  operaBonal  processor  performances.    

Overview  

EarthCARE  Ground  Segment    

Earth  Clouds  Aerosol  and  RadiaBon  Explorer  (EarthCARE)    

Payload  

BBR  -­‐  Broad-­‐Band  Radiometer  CPR  -­‐  Cloud  Profiling  Radar  ATLID  -­‐  Atmospheric  Lidar  

EarthCARE  mission:  instrument  calibraBon  and  products  monitoring  funcBons  within  the  Payload  Data  Ground  Segment    Fabrizio  Niro(1),  Thorsten  Fehr(2)  and  Christophe  Caspar(2)  (1)  Serco  S.p.A.,  c/o  ESA-­‐ESRIN,  Via  Galileo  Galilei,  FrascaB,  Italy;  (2)  ESA-­‐ESRIN,  Via  Galileo  Galilei,  FrascaB,  Italy;    

 CalibraBon  

Telescope

Telescope support baseplate (TSB)

Struts

M1

M2

Power Laser Head (PLH)

ATLID Stable Structure Assembly (SSA) and equipments

Radiator

Beam-Expander (E-BEX)

Emission baffle

Main plate

MSI  -­‐  MulB-­‐Spectral  Imager  

VNS   TIR  

OB  Sun  Baffle  

SWIR-­‐2  radiator  

•  2  acBve  instruments  (ATLID,  CPR)  •  2  passive  instruments  (MSI,  BBR)  •  Mission  DuraBon:  3+2  years    •  Orbit  type:  Low  Earth  Orbit  (LEO)    •  Mean  Local  Solar  Time:    14:00    •  Mean  alBtude:    393  km  •  Repeat  cycle  :  25  days  /  389  orbits  

ATLID  calibraBon  processing  

MSI  calibraBon  processing  

BBR  calibraBon  processing    

CPR  calibraBon  planning  

The  Instrument  CalibraBon  and  Monitoring  Facility  (ICMF)  will  be  in  charge  of  performing  the  calibraBon  processing  that  cannot  be  performed  within  the  Level  1  processor  (off-­‐line)  and  to  update  the  relevant  on-­‐ground  and  on-­‐board  calibraBon  data,  through  disseminaBon  of  Auxiliary  Data  (ADF)  and  ConfiguraBon  Tables  (CTI).  

-­‐  Flight  OperaBons  Segment  (FOS)    -­‐  Payload  Data  Ground  Segment  (PDGS)  -­‐  JAXA  Ground  Segment  for  CPR  calibraBon  and  Level  1  data  processing  

-­‐  Expert  Teams  for  instrument  anomaly  invesBgaBons  and  calibraBon  acBviBes  

-­‐  CalibraBon  and  ValidaBon  Teams  for  supporBng  the  Cal/Val  acBviBes  

-­‐  Auxiliary  Data  Providers  (e.g.  ECMWF)  -­‐  Users  of  the  EarthCARE  scienBfic  data    

Backscafer  Lidar  in  the  UV  range  (355  nm)  with  a  high-­‐spectral-­‐resoluBon  receiver  (HSRL)  including  depolarizaBon  measurement.  

7  spectral  channels,  two  opBcal  units:  VNS  (0.67,  0.86,  1.65,  2.2  µm)  and          TIR  (8.8,  10.8,  12.0  µm),  150  km  swath,    500  m  ground  sampling  distance.    

Radiometer  with  Short  Wave  (SW)  and  Total  Wave  (TW)  channels  and  3  views:  nadir,  along-­‐track  forward  and  backward,  10  km  x  10  km  integrated  ground  pixel.    

Key  numbers  for  the  EarthCARE  producBon  model:  •  7  Level  1  product  types  

•  29  Level  2  product  types:  single  instrument  (L2a)  and  synergisBc  (L2b)  

•  71  GB/orbit  of  data  volume  

•  1.1  TB/day  of  data  volume  

The  ICMF  will  provide  significant  support  to  ATLID  off-­‐line  calibraBon  processing,  e.g.,  for  acBvely  compensate  the  instrument  drik  along  the  mission  (e.g.  fine  spectral  calibraBon)  as  for  the  maintenance  and  opBmizaBon  of  the  instrument  performances  (e.g.  emifer-­‐receiver  co-­‐alignment).  

The  MSI  CalibraBon  processing  is  mostly  integrated  within  the  Level  1  processing  chain  for  the  rouBne  calculaBon  and  update  of  VNS  and  TIR  gain  and  offset  (detectors  linearly  calibrated).  The  ICMF  will  implement  a  module  for  monitoring  the  VNS  diffuser  degradaBon  (using  monthly  measurements  with  a  secondary  diffuser).  

The  BBR  detector  gain  and  offset  calibraBon  will  be  handled  within  the  Level  1  processing  chain,  as  for  the  MSI.  The  ICMF  will  support  instrument  long-­‐term  monitoring  acBviBes,  such  as  analysis  of  the  stability  of  SW  filter  response  (Sun  CalibraBon)  or  of  the  detector  linearity  (BB  Temperature  inversion).  

The  CPR  calibraBon  processing  will  be  fully  implemented  in  the  JAXA  Ground  Segment.  The  PDGS  will  support  the  CPR  planning  using  JAXA  input.    The  CPR  calibraBon  is  the  most  demanding  in  terms  of  planning  (e.g.  need  of  roll  manoeuvre  for  sea-­‐surface  calibraBon).  

Quick  look  images  of  main  products  geo-­‐physical  parameters  will  be  automaBcally  generated  by  the  ICMF  and  provided  to  the  users  through  a  web  server.  

Long-­‐term  monitoring  of  instrument  parameters  will  be  implemented  within  the  ICMF  and  plots  and  reports  will  be  automaBcally  updated  and  made  available  to  the  users  on  the  web.  

Level-­‐3  products  (e.g.  mean  monthly  maps)  will  be  periodically  generated  by  the  ICMF  to  asses  products  quality  at  instrument  level  and  at  synergisBc  level,  i.e.  allow  internal  consistency  check.  

Main Reflector

Deployment Mechanism

Low Power Transmitter

High Power Transmitter

Receiver

Provided  by  JAXA,  it  is  a  radar  operaBng  at  94  GHz  frequency.  CPR  has          -­‐36  dBZ  sensiBvity,  500  m  verBcal  resoluBon,  Doppler  observaBon  capability.  

ICMFCalibration, Configuration Control,Monitoring

CPFL0/L1 processing

MSI_SD2_1BVNS Sun Cal with 2nd QVD

CCV2_M - Sun Cal with 2nd QVD ADF

Calibration Processing

Reformatting

Action on-request

Commissioning/ Contingency

Monthly

MSI_ECF (L1 Config. File)

MSI_SD1_1BVNS Sun Cal with 1st QVD Every orbit

MSI_BBS_1BTIR BB/deep space Cal Every orbit

CCOG_M - On-Ground Characterisation ADF

Instrument Provider

CCPS_M - Processor Settings ADF

Close-loop Calibration

MSI  off-­‐line  calibraBon  data  flow  

ICMFCalibration, Configuration Control,Monitoring

CPFL0/L1 Processing

BBR_LIN_1B (1) Thermal stability evaluation(2) Warm BB powers(3) BB Temperature Inversion(4) BB Calibration

CCSN_B - Sun Calibration ADF

MPFPlan

BBR_SOL_1B Sun Calibration

BB Cal frequency and duration

2 months

CCER_B - Error Coefficients ADF

BBR_ECF (L1 Config. File)

CCOG_B - On-Ground Characterisation ADF

Instrument Provider/Expert

CCPS_B - Processor Settings ADF

CCLI_B - Detector non-linearity ADF

Every orbit

6 months

(1)

(3)

(4)

Calibration ProcessingReformatting Action on-request

Commissioning/ContingencyClose-loop Calibration

Warm BB Heater powers(2)

Expe

rt Co

nsul

tatio

n

BBR  off-­‐line  calibraBon  data  flow  

CPR  CalibraBon  Planning  sites  

EarthCARE  observaBon  geometry  

EarthCARE  Ground  Segment  

Fig.  1  -­‐  CALIOP  afenuated  backscafer.    Fig.  2  -­‐  Calipso  IIR  Brightness  Temp.  Images  extracted  from:  www.icare.univ-­‐lille1.fr/drupal/.  

Fig.  3  –  Cloudsat  received  echo  power  for  the  same  atmospheric  scene  observed  by  Calipso,  see  Fig.  1.    Image  extracted  from:  www.icare.univ-­‐lille1.fr/drupal/.  

Fig.  1  

Fig.  2  

Fig.  5  –Map  showing  increased  CALIOP  532-­‐nm  parallel  channel  dark  noise  in  regions  with  high  cosmic  ray  radiaBon  densiBes  (e.g.,  SAA).  Image  from:  Journal  of  Atmospheric  and  Oceanic  Technology,  Vol.  26,  Iss.  7,  pp.  1214–1228.  

Fig.  4  -­‐  MERIS  diffuser  aging  since  launch  at  different  wavelength.  Image  extracted  from:  Bourg  L.,  Delwart  S.,    “MERIS  Instrument  CalibraNon”,  ESA  Document,  Sep  2012.  

Fig.  6  -­‐  Monthly  mean  map  of  aerosol  opBcal  depth  retrieved  from  MODIS  data.  Image  taken  from:  modis-­‐atmos.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html    

Fig.  7  

Fig.  7  -­‐  Monthly  mean  map  of  aerosol  opBcal  depth  retrieved  synergisBcally  from  Caliop  and  Cloudsat  data  for  the  same  month  of  MODIS,  see  Fig.  6.  Image  from:  www.icare.univ-­‐lille1.fr/  drupal/.    

Fig.  6  

rather than the measured peak. The impact of the slowtransient recovery on science products is still being in-vestigated, as are potential correction algorithms.

4. Summary

CALIOP is a three-channel elastic backscatter lidar,making measurements at 1064 nm and two polarizations

at 532 nm. It utilizes onboard processing to increase itsautonomy, decrease its downlink data rate, increase itsdynamic range, and extract science data for inclusion inthe Health and Status data. Its on-orbit performance hascontinued to exceed nearly all requirements after morethan 2 yr of operation, producing high-quality sciencedata products. The energy of the primary laser has de-creased less than 10%, although a slow pressure leak

FIG. 17. Browse images of the 532- and 1064-nm backscatter signals from the ice-covered surface ofAntarctica illustrating the slow transient recovery of the 532-nm channel PMT. The 532-nm channelsignal shows a rainbow of colors below the surface as the PMT output goes slowly to zero after the surfacereturn. The 1064-nm channel signal goes immediately to zero after the surface return. The location of thesurface, as given by a digital surface elevation model, is shown by a red line in both images.

FIG. 16. Map showing increased 532-nm parallel channel dark noise in regions with high cosmic ra-diation densities. All orbit tracks for a 16-day period from late September and early October 2006 areplotted, with each point color coded by the 532-nm parallel channel RMS dark noise. The South AtlanticAnomaly stands out distinctly in bright colors just to the left of center. Also visible are curved regionswith increased dark noise near both poles, approximately along the auroral ovals. The straight light bluebands at around 6658 latitude are not dark noise; rather, they are the result of light scattered into thetelescope when the sun is just above the horizon.

JULY 2009 H U N T E T A L . 1227

Fig.  5  

&56789&:(,;-,&7#!1"2&

:(,;#&<==>&&&&

!$?#&=I&1*&>>&

Please note, due to geometry uncertainties during the E2010+ Orbit change, anomalous spikes can be seen in the diffuser ageing trend (year 7.5 in the first image, and the anomalous red dotted line in the second). This is not believed to indicate a severe ageing anomaly as all post-Orbital change acquisitions follow the pre-Orbital change trend.

Diffuser ageing wrt launch (all cameras)

-2.0%

-1.5%

-1.0%

-0.5%

0.0%

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

years since launch

refle

ctan

ce v

aria

tion

(%)

b1b2b3b4b5b6b7b8b9b10b11b12b13b14b15Linear (b1)Linear (b2)Linear (b3)

Diffuser ageing wrt launch (all cameras)

-2.0%

-1.5%

-1.0%

-0.5%

0.0%

400 500 600 700 800 900

Wavelength [nm]

refle

ctanc

e var

iation

(%)

30818593069485960598459108591205913259144591565916859180591925920459216592285924059252592645927659288593005931259324593365934859360593725938459396594085943259444594646047660

6.2.3 Smile E ffect

No new results to be shown for Cycle #112. For the most recent updates, refer to Cyclic Report #23 that can be found on the above-mentioned MERIS website.

Fig.  4  

Mission  scienBfic  goal:  improve  our  understanding  of  the  roles  of  clouds  and  aerosol  in  the  context  of  the  Earth's  radiaBon  budget  and  climate  in  order  that  they  may  be  represented  well  in  regional  and  global  climate  models  and  in  numerical  weather  predicBon  models.  

ICMFCalibration, Configuration Control, Monitoring

CPFL0/L1 Processing

CCDC: Dark Current Cal ADF)

CCOG: On-Ground Characterisation ADF

MPFPlan

Calibration ModuleReformatting ModuleAction on-request

ATL_FSC_1B - Fine Spectral Fine Freq. command

ATL_CSC_1B - Coarse Spectral Coarse Freq. commandATL_EDC_1B - Emiss Defocus E-BEX Temperature

ATL_BEC_1B - BKGE Thermal BKG Etalon Temp.

Spot centre on channelFine BSM Command

Coarse BSM Command

Commissioning/Contingency

Weekly6 months

ATL_ECF (L1 Config. File)

CAS DSNU Maps

CCAR: Rayleigh Absolute ADF

ATL_NOM_1B(9) Spectral Cross-talk(10) Mie co-polar Absolute (11) Rayleigh Absolute(12) Mie cross-polar Absolute

CCAM: Mie co-polar Absolute ADF

CCMC: ACDM Master Clock ADF

TMC ACDM (dt3_fix)

ATL_NOM_0_(1) CAS PRNU Maps(2) Coarse co-alignment (COC)(3) Fine co-alignment (4) Fibre spot position (IMG)(5) ACDM Master Clock(6) CAS DSNU Maps (DCC)(7) Laser diode temperature (LDT)(8) Laser cavity offset (OCK)

WeeklyMonthly6 months

CCPS: Processor Settings ADF

CAS PRNU MapsMonthly

ATL_DCC_1B - Dark Current Monthly

(1)(2)(3)(4)

(5)

(12)

(11)

(10)

(6)

(5)

Laser Diode Temp.Laser Cavity offset

Weekly

CCSX: Spectral Cross-talk ADF) (9)

TBC (7)(8)

(7)(8)

Instrument Provider/ Expert

(7)(8)

TBC

CCAX: Mie Cross-polar Absolute ADF

CPF:  Core  Processing  Facility  MPF:  Mission  Planning  Facility  

ATLID  off-­‐line  calibraBon  data  flow  

1D  /  3D  Monte  Carlo  Rad.  Trans.  Model  

Flux  /  HeaBng  Rate  Profiles  

TOA  LW/SW  Radiances,  LW/SW  Fluxes  

Best  1-­‐D  column  esBmate  

Target  classificaBon  

Aerosols:  Type,  α,  α/β,  AE      

IWC/LWC:  Reff.,ext.coeff.  

MelBng  Layer  

Light  Rain/Drizzle  

Angular  Dependence  Models  

TOA  LW  Flux  

TOS  SW  Flux  

Merged  ObservaBons  

3D  Atmos.  Scene  ConstrucBon  

SynergisBc  

Cloud  top  height  

Aerosol  type  

Aerosol  opBcal  thickness  

Angstrom  exp.  

ATLID  

Level  1/2a  

MSI  

Level  1/2a  BBR  

Level  1  

CPR  

Level  1/2a  

EarthCARE  synergisBc    products