PRODUCTION FORCE MANAGEMENT ON SUGARCANE

MEMET HAKIMEMHA TRAINING CENTER & ADVISORY SERVICESBandung, Indonesia12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 20131PRODUCTION FORCE MANAGEMENT ON OIL PALM

Production Force Management12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 201321. Roots Management The purpose of roots management is to ensure an effective and efficient provision of additional nutrients. 2. Canopy ManagementThese management are play the important role to push the palm yield.

Roots Management12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 20133(1). Increasing number of active roots (2). Roots environmental condition (Rhizosphere area) (3). Control of nutrients avaibility in the soil in order to increase the nutrients absorption.

Canopy Management12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 20134Leaf management palm leaves covering capacity of the soil surface will be push the productivity of the palm yield. (2)To support capability of leaf cover the soil surface number of palm per ha (density) leaf surface area leaf growth. (3) Increased absorption capacity of the root high density planting will resulting better yield, without quality effect.

New Paradigm Approach12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 20135

Production12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 20136Using the production force management, plantation companies can survive in any conditions and even gain adequate profit.On Oil Palm, the Production Force Management boosting the profit minimum around 30 %.Foundations of OIL PALM plantation companies : 1. production. 2. production3. production.

Obstacles12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 20137Theoretically, it seems that increasing productivity is easy. It is often discussed in many forums. Nevertheless, practically, it is difficult to increase productivity, especially for those who do not have the competence,strong intention and passion. The biggest obstacle is from the production division itself. It is difficult to understand, but this is the fact. The lack of motivation, passion and competence and also the complicated bureaucracy have strengthen this belief.

OIL PALM Plantation as Biological Industry12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 20138Plantation industry is a biological industry that cannot be increased as fast as other industrial products. Biological process : the plant cells can really support the increase of the productivity in accordance with the potential. Good inputs come in the form of humid soil ,weeds control , pruning, density, etc. then inputs (nutrients) can be well absorbed by roots and have metabolism and photosynthesis can run well. The output of plants in forms of FFB yield and kernel will also increase if all the processes above run well. Commonly, the agronomists and executives have already satisfied when they have given the fertilizers based on the recommendation although the results are not as expected.

Gaps12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 20139Level of OIL PALM yield potential, about 35-45 tons/ha, but the realization is only around or under20-25 tons/ha/yearThe question is why the difference (gap) between the productivity and the result in the field is very significant ? The production force management can solve all of these productivity problems.

Focus of Interests12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 201310The growth of plants can increase the plant yield minimum 30 % and in certain condition the increase can reach above 50 %. The plants growth can also be influenced by the physical and chemical soil properties, Physical Properties :Surface of soil water table, infiltration and permeability, Chemicals Properties : pH (H2O and KCl), Cation Exchange Capacity, basal saturation, C-organic, soil nutrients Humid Soil or limited Irrigation.

Roots in Dry Soil12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 201311In dry soil, roots tend to have longer and wider size as they have to search for the appropriate soil moisture. In wet soil where the surface of the water table is below 1 m, the soil moisture is better but the the size of the roots is shorter. Thus, the opinion that OIL PALM can damage the soil and the soil surface water system is certainly wrong. Commonly, the depth of roots is around 1-1.5 m, but the roots with the most layers with adequate moisture are located in the depth of 0-60 cm.

The business principles12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 201312High productivity will certainly reduce the cost price. input process outputThis is the real art in the plantation business.Roots management is likely to increase the productivity around more than 30 % of ffb yield.

Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 2013

Plantation Industry CharateristicsBiological IndustryPotential Yield : Depend on Genetics Factor dan Environtment (Input)Genetics Factor: Crossing patternEnvirontment Factor : Agronomical TechniqueInputPROSES

OutputInputPROCESSNutrient Absorption by rootsPhotosyntesis processMicro BioreactorSelf diffence potentialNutrition availabilitySoil Enrichment (compost)Water & DrainagePest controlRoots managementYield and Productivity . Low & High . Push down yield Gap Rendement . Mechanical & Biological process . Organic matter (Biomass)12/4/201313

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Oil Palm Roots Potential ------------------------- (be attention active roots)12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 201314Figure 3.

OIL PALM Active Roots12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 201315

OIL PALM Canopy12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 201316

WB norm and PFM norm of ffb Yield12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 201317Start PFM

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WB norm and PFM norm of ffb Yield12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 201318Start PFM

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Accelerate the leaf canopy techniques12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 201319There are two technique to accelerate the leaf canopy i.e. :row spacing (low density planting & high density planting) improve the growth Increase the number of palm leaves to become better leaf area index.In fact it is very closely related to the absorption capacity of the root.

12/4/2013Plantation Management Conference, KL, 4-5 Desember, 201320

Memet Hakim, Bandung, Indonesia, memethakim@gmail.com

New paradigmProduction force managementUnder soil managementCanopy ManagementRezosfer Management

Soil environmentAvailable of nutrientRoots Management

Total Roots aliveNutrient AvaibilityLeaves/FrondLeaf SurfaceDensityPhotosynthese & RootsLeavesTrunkMicroorganisme.g Micoriza, AzotobacterLight IntensityFFB Yields