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360R-10 Guide to Design of Slabs-on-Ground

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DES CRI P TI ON

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This guide presents information on the design of slabs-on-ground, primarily industrial floors. It addresses the

planning, design, and detailing of slabs. Background information on design theories is followed by discussion of

the types of slabs, soil-support systems, loadings, and jointing. Design methods are given for unreinforced

concrete, reinforced concrete, shrinkage-compensating concrete, post-tensioned concrete, fiber-reinforced

concrete slabs-on-ground, and slabs-on-ground in refrigerated buildings, followed by information on shrinkage

and curling.

Advantages and disadvantages of these slab design methods are provided, including the ability of some slab

designs to minimize cracking and curling more than others. Even with the best slab designs and proper

construction, it is unrealistic to expect crack-free and curl-free floors. Every owner should be advised by the

designer and contractor that it is normal to expect some cracking and curling on every project. This does not

necessarily reflect adversely on the adequacy of the floors design or quality of construction. Design examples are

given.

Keywords: curling; design; floors-on-ground; grade floors; industrial floors; joints; load types; post-tensioned

concrete; reinforcement (steel, fibers); shrinkage; shrinkage-compensating; slabs; slabs-on-ground; soil

mechanics; warping.

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DOCUMENT DETAI LS

Author: ACI Committee 360

Publication Year: 2010

Pages: 72

ISBN: 9780870313714

Categories: Slabs

Formats: Printed Document or Protected PDF

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1Introduction, p. 360R-3

1.1Purpose and scope

1.2Work of ACI Committee 360 and other relevant committees

1.3Work of non-ACI organizations

1.4Design theories for slabs-on-ground

1.5Construction document information

1.6Further research

Chapter 2Definitions, p. 360R-5

2.1Definitions

Chapter 3Slab types, p. 360R-6

3.1Introduction

3.2Slab types

3.3General comparison of slab types

3.4Design and construction variables

3.5Conclusion

Chapter 4Soil support systems for slabs-on-ground, p. 360R-8

4.1Introduction

4.2Geotechnical engineering reports

4.3Subgrade classification

4.4Modulus of subgrade reaction

4.5Design of slab-support system

4.6Site preparation

4.7Inspection and site testing of slab support

4.8Special slab-on-ground support problems

Chapter 5Loads, p. 360R-18

5.1Introduction

5.2Vehicular loads

5.3Concentrated loads

5.4Distributed loads

5.5Line and strip loads

5.6Unusual loads

5.7Construction loads

5.8Environmental factors

5.9Factors of safety

Chapter 6Joints, p. 360R-22

6.1Introduction

6.2Load-transfer mechanisms

6.3Sawcut contraction joints

6.4Joint protection

6.5Joint filling and sealing

Chapter 7Design of unreinforced concrete slabs,p. 360R-31

7.1Introduction

7.2Thickness design methods

7.3Shear transfer at joints

7.4Maximum joint spacing

Chapter 8Design of slabs reinforced for crack-width control, p. 360R-34

8.1Introduction

8.2Thickness design methods

8.3Reinforcement for crack-width control only

Chapter 9Design of shrinkage-compensating concrete slabs, p. 360R-34

9.1Introduction

9.2Thickness determination

9.3Reinforcement

9.4Other considerations


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Chapter 10Design of post-tensioned slabs-on-ground, p. 360R-38

10.1Introduction

10.2Applicable design procedures

10.3Slabs post-tensioned for crack control

10.4Industrial slabs with post-tensioned reinforcement for structural support

Chapter 11Fiber-reinforced concrete slabs-on-ground, p. 360R-40

11.1Introduction

11.2Synthetic fiber reinforcement

11.3Steel fiber reinforcement

Chapter 12Structural slabs-on-ground supporting building code loads, p. 360R-44

12.1Introduction

12.2Design considerations

Chapter 13Design of slabs for refrigerated facilities, p. 360R-44

13.1Introduction

13.2Design and specification considerations

13.3Temperature drawdown

Chapter 14Reducing effects of slab shrinkage and curling, p. 360R-45

14.1Introduction

14.2Drying and thermal shrinkage

14.3Curling and warping

14.4Factors that affect shrinkage and curling

14.5Compressive strength and shrinkage

14.6Compressive strength and abrasion resistance

14.7Removing restraints to shrinkage

14.8Base and vapor retarders/barriers

14.9Distributed reinforcement to reduce curling and number of joints

14.10Thickened edges to reduce curling

14.11Relation between curing and curling

14.12Warping stresses in relation to joint spacing

14.13Warping stresses and deformation

14.14Effect of eliminating sawcut contraction joints with post-tensioning or shrinkage-compensating concrete

14.15Summary and conclusions

Chapter 15References, p. 360R-53

15.1Referenced standards and reports

15.2Cited references

Appendix 1Design examples using Portland Cement Association method, p. 360R-58

A1.1Introduction

A1.2The PCA thickness design for single-axle load

A1.3The PCA thickness design for slab with post loading

A1.4Other PCA design information

Appendix 2Slab thickness design by Wire Reinforcement Institute method, p. 360R-60

A2.1Introduction

A2.2The WRI thickness selection for single-axle wheel load

A2.3The WRI thickness selection for aisle moment due to uniform loading

Appendix 3Design examples using Corps of Engineers charts, p. 360R-63

A3.1Introduction

A3.2Vehicle wheel loading

A3.3Heavy lift truck loading

Appendix 4Slab design using post-tensioning, p. 360R-63

A4.1Design example: Post-tensioning to minimize cracking

A4.2Design example: Equivalent tensile stress design

Appendix 5Design example using shrinkagecompensating concrete, p. 360R-65

A5.1Introduction

A5.2Example selecting the optimum amount of reinforcement to maximize the compressive stress in the

concrete where the slab thickness, the joint spacing, and prism expansion are known

Appendix 6Design examples for steel FRC slabs-onground using yield line method, p. 360R-66

A6.1Introduction

A6.2Assumptions and design criteria

Appendix 7Construction document information,p. 360R-67

A7.1Introduction

A7.2Example design criteria

A7.3Typical details

Conversion factors, p. 360R-72

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