Product Description(V100R002 03)

OptiX OSN 500 STM-1/STM-4 Multi-Service CPEOptical Transmission SystemV100R002

Product Description

Issue 03

Date 2011-08-20

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2011. All rights reserved.No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior writtenconsent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Trademarks and Permissions

and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders. NoticeThe purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and thecustomer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within thepurchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representationsof any kind, either express or implied.

The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in thepreparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, andrecommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.Address: Huawei Industrial Base

Bantian, LonggangShenzhen 518129People's Republic of China

Website: http://www.huawei.com

Email: [email protected]

Issue 03 (2011-08-20) Huawei Proprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

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http://www.huawei.com

mailto:[email protected]

About This Document

Product VersionThe following table lists the product versions related to this document.

Product Name Product Version

OptiX OSN 500 V100R002

OptiX iManager T2000 V200R007C02

Intended AudienceThis document describes the OptiX OSN 500 in terms of network application, function, hardwarearchitecture, software architecture, features, and technical specifications.

This document is intended for the following engineers:

l Network planning engineers

l Data configuration engineers

l System maintenance engineers

Symbol ConventionsThe symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.

Symbol Description

Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk, which if notavoided, will result in death or serious injury.

Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk, whichif not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.

OptiX OSN 500 STM-1/STM-4 Multi-Service CPE OpticalTransmission SystemProduct Description About This Document


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Symbol Description

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if notavoided, could result in equipment damage, data loss,performance degradation, or unexpected results.

Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or savetime.

Provides additional information to emphasize or supplementimportant points of the main text.

GUI ConventionsConvention Meaning

Boldface Buttons, menus, parameters, tabs, window, and dialog titles arein boldface. For example, click OK.

> Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by the ">" signs.For example, choose File > Create > Folder.

Change HistoryUpdates between document issues are cumulative. Therefore, the latest document issue containsall updates made in previous issues.

Updates in Issue 03 (2011-08-20) Based on Product VersionV100R002

Compare with Issue 02, the updated contents are as follows:

l In the "ISU" chapter, information about the TNH1IUSE is added.l Information about the cooling function of the OptiX OSN 500 is added in this document.l In the "Board Configuration Parameters" chapter, the following description is added: "In

the case of the EFS8 board, set the working mode to auto-negotiation or 10/100M full-duplex".

l In the "ISU" chapter , information about Jumbo frame function is added.



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Compare with Issue 01, this document adds the support of T1 services on the equipment.


Initial formal release.



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Contents

About This Document.....................................................................................................................ii

1 Overview.........................................................................................................................................11.1 Introduction to the OptiX OSN 500...................................................................................................................21.2 Network Application..........................................................................................................................................41.3 Networking Application.....................................................................................................................................5

2 Function...........................................................................................................................................62.1 Service Type.......................................................................................................................................................82.2 Capacity..............................................................................................................................................................8

2.2.1 Cross-Connect Capacity............................................................................................................................82.2.2 Maximum Access Capability.....................................................................................................................8

2.3 Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................92.3.1 Service Interfaces......................................................................................................................................92.3.2 NM Ports and Auxiliary Ports...................................................................................................................9

2.4 Protection Capability........................................................................................................................................102.5 Networking Capability.....................................................................................................................................112.6 DCN Features...................................................................................................................................................112.7 Clock Features..................................................................................................................................................112.8 Ethernet Features..............................................................................................................................................122.9 OAM.................................................................................................................................................................122.10 Network Management System........................................................................................................................12

3 System Architecture....................................................................................................................143.1 Software Architecture.......................................................................................................................................15

3.1.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................................153.1.2 Communication Protocols.......................................................................................................................153.1.3 Board Software........................................................................................................................................163.1.4 NE Software............................................................................................................................................163.1.5 Network Management System.................................................................................................................17

3.2 Hardware Structure...........................................................................................................................................183.2.1 Chassis.....................................................................................................................................................183.2.2 Board.......................................................................................................................................................193.2.3 External Component................................................................................................................................213.2.4 Fibers and Cables.....................................................................................................................................22

OptiX OSN 500 STM-1/STM-4 Multi-Service CPE OpticalTransmission SystemProduct Description Contents


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4 Boards............................................................................................................................................244.1 SL1D.................................................................................................................................................................25

4.1.1 Version Description.................................................................................................................................254.1.2 Functions and Features............................................................................................................................254.1.3 Working Principle and Signal Flow........................................................................................................264.1.4 Front Panel...............................................................................................................................................284.1.5 Valid Slots...............................................................................................................................................294.1.6 Feature Code............................................................................................................................................294.1.7 References for Board Configuration........................................................................................................294.1.8 Technical Specifications..........................................................................................................................29

4.2 SP3D.................................................................................................................................................................304.2.1 Version Description.................................................................................................................................304.2.2 Functions and Features............................................................................................................................314.2.3 Working Principle and Signal Flow........................................................................................................314.2.4 Front Panel...............................................................................................................................................334.2.5 Valid Slots...............................................................................................................................................334.2.6 Feature Code............................................................................................................................................334.2.7 References for Board Configuration........................................................................................................344.2.8 Technical Specifications..........................................................................................................................34

4.3 PL3T.................................................................................................................................................................354.3.1 Version Description.................................................................................................................................354.3.2 Functions and Features............................................................................................................................354.3.3 Working Principle and Signal Flow........................................................................................................364.3.4 Front Panel...............................................................................................................................................374.3.5 Valid Slots...............................................................................................................................................384.3.6 Feature Code............................................................................................................................................384.3.7 References for Board Configuration........................................................................................................384.3.8 Technical Specifications..........................................................................................................................38

4.4 EGT1................................................................................................................................................................394.4.1 Version Description.................................................................................................................................394.4.2 Functions and Features............................................................................................................................404.4.3 Working Principle and Signal Flow........................................................................................................414.4.4 Front Panel...............................................................................................................................................434.4.5 Valid Slots...............................................................................................................................................434.4.6 References for Board Configuration........................................................................................................434.4.7 Technical Specifications..........................................................................................................................44

4.5 EFS8 Board.......................................................................................................................................................454.5.1 Version Description.................................................................................................................................454.5.2 Functions and Features............................................................................................................................454.5.3 Working Principle and Signal Flow........................................................................................................474.5.4 Front Panel...............................................................................................................................................494.5.5 Valid Slots...............................................................................................................................................50



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4.5.6 References for Board Configuration........................................................................................................504.5.7 Technical Specifications..........................................................................................................................50

4.6 ISU....................................................................................................................................................................514.6.1 Version Description.................................................................................................................................514.6.2 Functions and Features............................................................................................................................514.6.3 Working Principle and Signal Flow........................................................................................................554.6.4 Front Panel...............................................................................................................................................574.6.5 Valid Slots...............................................................................................................................................604.6.6 References for Board Configuration .......................................................................................................604.6.7 Technical Specifications..........................................................................................................................61

5 Protection......................................................................................................................................645.1 Equipment Level Protection.............................................................................................................................655.2 Network Level Protection.................................................................................................................................65

5.2.1 MSP.........................................................................................................................................................655.2.2 SNCP.......................................................................................................................................................675.2.3 Fiber-Shared Virtual Trail Protection......................................................................................................68

6 Ethernet Features.........................................................................................................................706.1 Application.......................................................................................................................................................716.2 Protection..........................................................................................................................................................746.3 Maintenance......................................................................................................................................................76

6.3.1 ETH-OAM...............................................................................................................................................776.3.2 Test Frame...............................................................................................................................................776.3.3 RMON.....................................................................................................................................................78

7 Technical Specifications.............................................................................................................807.1 Specifications for the Integrated Equipment....................................................................................................817.2 Power Consumption and Weight of Boards.....................................................................................................817.3 Specifications for the Clock Ports....................................................................................................................817.4 Predicted Reliability.........................................................................................................................................827.5 EMC Performance Specifications....................................................................................................................827.6 Safety Certification...........................................................................................................................................827.7 Environment Requirement................................................................................................................................83

7.7.1 Environment for Storage.........................................................................................................................837.7.2 Environment for Transportation..............................................................................................................857.7.3 Environment for Operation......................................................................................................................88

8 Compliant Standards..................................................................................................................91

9 Labels.............................................................................................................................................969.1 Labels................................................................................................................................................................979.2 Label Position...................................................................................................................................................98

10 Indicators.....................................................................................................................................99

11 Board Loopback Types...........................................................................................................103



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12 Board Configuration Parameters..........................................................................................10512.1 SDH Processing Boards................................................................................................................................10612.2 PDH Processing Boards................................................................................................................................10712.3 Data Processing Board..................................................................................................................................108

12.3.1 SDH Parameters..................................................................................................................................10812.3.2 Ethernet Parameters.............................................................................................................................110

12.4 Cross-Connect and Timing Unit...................................................................................................................111

A Glossary......................................................................................................................................112A.1 Numerics........................................................................................................................................................114A.2 A....................................................................................................................................................................114A.3 B.....................................................................................................................................................................116A.4 C.....................................................................................................................................................................117A.5 D....................................................................................................................................................................120A.6 E.....................................................................................................................................................................121A.7 F.....................................................................................................................................................................123A.8 G....................................................................................................................................................................125A.9 H....................................................................................................................................................................125A.10 I....................................................................................................................................................................126A.11 J....................................................................................................................................................................127A.12 L...................................................................................................................................................................127A.13 M..................................................................................................................................................................129A.14 N..................................................................................................................................................................130A.15 O..................................................................................................................................................................131A.16 P...................................................................................................................................................................132A.17 Q..................................................................................................................................................................134A.18 R...................................................................................................................................................................134A.19 S...................................................................................................................................................................136A.20 T...................................................................................................................................................................139A.21 U..................................................................................................................................................................140A.22 V..................................................................................................................................................................141A.23 W..................................................................................................................................................................141



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1 Overview

About This Chapter

This topic describes the OptiX OSN 500 equipment, and the network positioning and networkapplication of the OptiX OSN 500.

1.1 Introduction to the OptiX OSN 500The OptiX OSN 500 is new-generation optical transmission equipment, which is developed byHuawei for the access layer.

1.2 Network ApplicationThe OptiX OSN 500 is used at the access layer of the transmission network. It can provideSTM-1/STM-4 optical interfaces and forms the entire equipment group with the other accesslayer equipment, thus optimizing the Huawei OptiX product series.

1.3 Networking ApplicationExcept for the basic principles for planning a network, you need to plan a network according tothe NE type and networking mode supported by the OptiX OSN 500. The OptiX OSN 500 canform a network alone or with Huawei SDH equipment or third-party transmission equipment.

OptiX OSN 500 STM-1/STM-4 Multi-Service CPE OpticalTransmission SystemProduct Description 1 Overview


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1.1 Introduction to the OptiX OSN 500The OptiX OSN 500 is new-generation optical transmission equipment, which is developed byHuawei for the access layer.

Figure 1-1 shows the appearance of the OptiX OSN 500.

Figure 1-1 Appearance of the OptiX OSN 500 (-48 V/-60 V DC power input)

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Figure 1-2 Appearance of the OptiX OSN 500 (-48 V/-60 V DC power input with coolingfunction)

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Figure 1-3 Appearance of the OptiX OSN 500 (110 V/220 V AC power input)

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The OptiX OSN 500 is case-shaped equipment with a height of 1 U, and provides three slots,as shown in Figure 1-4.

Figure 1-4 Slot layout

Slot 3 Slot 4

Slot 2 (ISU)

The ISU slot houses a functional board integrating the SCC unit, cross-connect unit, clock unit,tributary unit, line unit, and data transparent transmission unit. The ISU board is available inmultiple types depending on the functions and access capacity provided by the OptiX OSN 500.



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The extended slots support the line unit, tributary unit, and data unit. Table 1-1 provides theboards supported by the OptiX OSN 500.

Table 1-1 Board list

Board Description Supported Interface Valid Slots

ISUboard

TNH1ISUA

Integrates the SCC unit,cross-connect unit,clock unit, tributaryunit, line unit, and datatransparenttransmission unit.

l 2xSTM-1/4 opticalinterfaces

l 21xE1/T1 electricalinterfaces

l 8xFE electricalinterfaces

slot 2

TNH1ISUB

Integrates the SCC unit,cross-connect unit,clock unit, line unit, andtributary unit.



slot 2

TNH1ISUC



l 21xE1 electricalinterfaces


slot 2

TNH1ISUD

Integrates the SCC unit,cross-connect unit,clock unit, line unit, andtributary unit.


l 21xE1 electricalinterfaces

slot 2

TNH1ISUE





slot 2

Boardsin theextended slots

TNH1SL1D/TNH2SL1D

2xSTM-1 opticalinterface board

2xSTM-1 opticalinterfaces

slots 3 and 4

TNH1PL3T

3xE3/T3 electricalinterface board

3xE3/T3 electricalinterfaces

slots 3 and 4

TNH1SP3D/TNH2SP3D

42xE1/T1 electricalinterface board

42xE1/T1 electricalinterfaces

slots 3 and 4



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Board Description Supported Interface Valid Slots

TNH1EGT1/TNH2EGT1

1xGE Ethernettransparenttransmission board

1xGE optical interface slots 3 and 4

TNH1EFS8/TNH2EFS8

8xFE Ethernet switchprocessing board

8xFE electricalinterfaces

slots 3 and 4

1.2 Network ApplicationThe OptiX OSN 500 is used at the access layer of the transmission network. It can provideSTM-1/STM-4 optical interfaces and forms the entire equipment group with the other accesslayer equipment, thus optimizing the Huawei OptiX product series.

Figure 1-5 shows the position of the OptiX OSN 500 in the transmission network.

Figure 1-5 Position of the OptiX OSN 500 in the transmission network

OptiX OSN 9500

Backbonelayer

OptiX 2500+ (Metro3000)

Convergencelayer

Accesslayer

OptiX 10G (Metro5000)

OptiX 155/622H (Metro1000)

OptiX Metro 100OptiX Metro 100

OptiX OSN 500 Networkterminal unit

OptiX 2500+ (Metro3000)

OptiX 155/622H (Metro1000)

OptiX 10G (Metro5000)

OptiX OSN 500

Switching/Base Station

Ethernet



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1.3 Networking ApplicationExcept for the basic principles for planning a network, you need to plan a network according tothe NE type and networking mode supported by the OptiX OSN 500. The OptiX OSN 500 canform a network alone or with Huawei SDH equipment or third-party transmission equipment.

Independent NetworkingThe OptiX OSN 500 can form a chain or ring network alone. See Figure 1-6 and Figure 1-7.

Figure 1-6 Chain network formed by the OptiX OSN 500 alone

Figure 1-7 Ring network formed by the OptiX OSN 500 alone

STM-1/STM-4 ring

Hybrid Networking with OptiX Transmission EquipmentThe OptiX OSN 500 can form a network with other transmission equipment, as shown in Figure1-8.

Figure 1-8 Hybrid networking with third-party transmission equipment

OptiX 155/622H(Metro1000)

OptiX OSN 500



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2 Function

About This Chapter

The OptiX OSN 500 can access and support multiple types of services.

2.1 Service TypeThe OptiX OSN 500 supports various types of services and provides abundant functions andfeatures, to ensure the quality and efficiency of the service transmission.

2.2 CapacityThe service capacity of the OptiX OSN 500 consists of the cross-connect capacity and themaximum access capacity.

2.3 InterfacesThe OptiX OSN 500 provides service interfaces, network management (NM) interfaces, andauxiliary interfaces.

2.4 Protection CapabilityThe OptiX OSN 500 provides equipment level protection and network level protection.

2.5 Networking CapabilityThe OptiX OSN 500 can form multiple network topologies such as the ring network and chainnetwork.

2.6 DCN FeaturesThe OptiX OSN 500 supports three communication protocols and transparent transmission ofthe DCC through the external clock interface, thus implementing the data communicationnetwork (DCN).

2.7 Clock FeaturesThe OptiX OSN 500 supports various clock functions.

2.8 Ethernet FeaturesThe OptiX OSN 500 provides layered protection for the Ethernet services, and supports all theprotection at the SDH layer and the Ethernet service layer.

2.9 OAMThe OptiX OSN 500 provides powerful equipment maintenance and administration functionsas follows:

OptiX OSN 500 STM-1/STM-4 Multi-Service CPE OpticalTransmission SystemProduct Description 2 Function


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2.10 Network Management SystemThe OptiX OSN 500 adopts the T2000 as the integrated NMS.



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2.1 Service TypeThe OptiX OSN 500 supports various types of services and provides abundant functions andfeatures, to ensure the quality and efficiency of the service transmission.

The OptiX OSN 500 can access the following types of services:

l SDH service signals

l PDH service signals

l Ethernet service signals

2.2 CapacityThe service capacity of the OptiX OSN 500 consists of the cross-connect capacity and themaximum access capacity.

2.2.1 Cross-Connect CapacityThe OptiX OSN 500 supports the higher-order full cross-connections of 21.25 Gbit/s or lower-order full cross-connections of 5 Gbit/s.

The cross-connect unit of the OptiX OSN 500 is integrated on the ISU board. The cross-connectunit is a mandatory functional unit and provides the following functions:

l Service grooming function of the ADM equipment

l Higher-order full cross-connections of 21.25 Gbit/s or lower-order full cross-connectionsof 5 Gbit/s

2.2.2 Maximum Access CapabilityThe OptiX OSN 500 can access services through various interfaces.

Table 2-1 provides the maximum access capacity of the equipment.

Table 2-1 Service access capacity of the OptiX OSN 500

Service Type Maximum Number of ServicesSupported (channel)

STM-4 standard services 2

STM-1 standard services 6

E3/T3 services 6

E1/T1 services 105

Fast Ethernet (FE) services 24

Gigabit Ethernet (GE) services 2



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2.3 InterfacesThe OptiX OSN 500 provides service interfaces, network management (NM) interfaces, andauxiliary interfaces.

2.3.1 Service InterfacesThe services interfaces include SDH service interfaces, PDH service interfaces, and Ethernetservice interfaces.

Table 2-2 provides the service interfaces provided by the OptiX OSN 500.

Table 2-2 Service interfaces provided by the OptiX OSN 500

Port Type Specification Function ConnectorType

SDHinterface

STM-1 optical interface: S-1.1,L-1.1 and L-1.2

Used to input/outputSTM-1 optical signals.

LC

STM-4 optical interface: S-4.1and L-4.1

Used to input/outputSTM-4 optical signals.

PDHinterface

75-ohm/120-ohm E1 electricalinterface

Used to input/output E1electrical signals.

Anea 96

100-ohm T1 electrical interface Used to input/output T1electrical signals.

75-ohm E3/T3 electricalinterface

Used to input/output E3/T3 electrical signals.

SMB

Ethernetinterface

10/100BASE-T(X) Used to input/output10M/100M Ethernetelectrical signals.

RJ-45

1000BASE-SX/LX Used to input/output1000M Ethernet opticalsignals.

LC

2.3.2 NM Ports and Auxiliary PortsThe OptiX OSN 500 provides various NM interfaces and auxiliary interfaces.

Table 2-3 provides the NM interfaces and auxiliary interfaces provided by the OptiX OSN 500.



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Table 2-3 NM interfaces and auxiliary interfaces provided by the OptiX OSN 500

Port Type Description Function ConnectorType

NMinterface

Network managementinterface

Used to connect the networkmanagement system (NMS), forexample, the OptiX iManagerT2000 (T2000).

RJ-45

Alarminput/outputinterface

Three alarm inputinterfaces and one alarmoutput interface

Used to connect the externalintegrated alarm device orexternal environment monitordevice.

RJ-45

Clockinterface

Clock input/outputinterface

Used to input/output oneexternal clock signal.

RJ-45

Auxiliaryinterface

F2 transparent datainterface

Used to transmit one transparentdata service.

RJ-45

Local modem interface/Remote NM interface

Used to provide one remotemaintenance interface thatsupports the X.25 protocol.

RJ-45

Powerinterfacea

DC power interface Used to connect the -48 V/-60 VDC power supply.

four-core socket

AC power interface Used to connect the 110 V/220V AC power supply.

Three-phasesocket

Orderwirephoneinterface

One orderwire phoneinterface

Used to provide voicecommunication for operationengineers or maintenanceengineers at differentworkstations.

RJ-11b

NOTE

l a: The OptiX OSN 500 supports the DC power interface and AC power interface. Each set of theOptiX OSN 500, however, provides one of the two power interfaces only.

l b: The OptiX OSN 500 uses the external orderwire phone scheme. That is, the SYNC/PHONEinterface of the ISU board on the OptiX OSN 500 is connected to the RJ-11 interface of the externalorderwire phone.

2.4 Protection CapabilityThe OptiX OSN 500 provides equipment level protection and network level protection.

The OptiX OSN 500 supports 1+1 backup for the internal power module and provides thefollowing network level protection modes for the accessed services:

l 1+1 and 1:N (N≤5) linear multiplex section protection (MSP)l Multiplex section protection ring (MSP ring)



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l Sub-network connection protection (SNCP)

2.5 Networking CapabilityThe OptiX OSN 500 can form multiple network topologies such as the ring network and chainnetwork.

The OptiX OSN 500 supports separate and combined configuration of the following types ofNEs: terminal multiplexer (TM) and add/drop multiplexer (ADM). The OptiX OSN 500 canform a chain or ring network by using the STM-1/STM-4 optical interfaces.

When the OptiX OSN 500 functions as the access equipment, it can network with Huawei Metroand OSN equipment series. The OptiX OSN 500 can also network with third-party equipment.

2.6 DCN FeaturesThe OptiX OSN 500 supports three communication protocols and transparent transmission ofthe DCC through the external clock interface, thus implementing the data communicationnetwork (DCN).

Any of the following three methods can be adopted for the OptiX OSN 500 to transparentlytransmit the operation, administration and maintenance (OAM) information on the third-partyequipment, or for the third-party equipment to transparently transmit the OAM information onthe OptiX OSN 500:

l HWECCl IP over DCCl OSI over DCC

When the DCC bytes of the third-party equipment cannot be used for transmitting the OAMinformation on the OptiX OSN 500, the external clock interface of the OptiX OSN 500 can beused to transmit the OAM information.

2.7 Clock FeaturesThe OptiX OSN 500 supports various clock functions.

The OptiX OSN 500 supports the following clock functions:

l Support of the non-synchronization status message (SSM) protocol, standard SSMprotocol, and extended SSM clock protocol

l Input/output of one 120-ohm external clock sourcel Line clock sourcel Tributary clock sourcel Three working modes: trace, hold-over, and free-runl Tributary retiming



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2.8 Ethernet FeaturesThe OptiX OSN 500 provides layered protection for the Ethernet services, and supports all theprotection at the SDH layer and the Ethernet service layer.

The OptiX OSN 500 supports Ethernet private line (EPL) services, Ethernet virtual private line(EVPL) services, Ethernet private LAN (EPLAN) services, and Ethernet virtual private LAN(EVPLAN) services. In addition, the OptiX OSN 500 supports various Ethernet protection,operating, and maintenance functions.

2.9 OAMThe OptiX OSN 500 provides powerful equipment maintenance and administration functionsas follows:

l Generates visual alarms to urge the network administrators to take proper measures in thecase of an emergency.

l Provides the automatic laser shutdown (ALS) function for the SDH and Ethernet single-mode optical interfaces.

l Provides the function to query the parameters of the optical modules.l Uses the pluggable optical module on the optical interface board. Users can choose single-

mode or multi-mode optical modules as required. This facilitates the maintenance.l Provides the orderwire function. It provides special communication channel for

maintenance personnel of different NEs.l Provides comprehensive alarms and performance events. The NMS can be used to

dynamically monitor the running status and alarms of each NE on the network.l As for the 15-minute monitoring period, the equipment can store sixteen 15-minute history

performance, that is, four hours of 15-minute history performance.l As for the 24-hour monitoring period, the equipment can store six 24-hour history

performance, that is, six days of 24-hour history performance.l Supports in-service upgrade of board software and NE software. Board software and field

programmable gate array (FPGA) supports remote loading, and provides the functions oferror prevention loading and resumable download.

l Supports the pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) test function and the remote bit errortest.

l Provides the press-to-collect function to collect the data of the boards on a faulty NE. Thisshortens the data collection time for the service restoration.

l Provides the function to selectively collect the data of the board on a faulty NE as required.The user can cancel the data collecting process manually.

l The Ethernet board provides the OAM function, which can implement automatic faultdetection, fault location, and fault isolation.

l Supports natural heat dissipation.

2.10 Network Management SystemThe OptiX OSN 500 adopts the T2000 as the integrated NMS.



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The T2000 can implement the integrated management of the entire optical transmission systemand can also provide end-to-end management function if required. The T2000 improves thenetwork quality and reduces maintenance costs, thus ensuring reasonable utilization of networkresources.

An login to the LCT is not allowed during an login to the NMS. After a 30-minute logout of theNMS, an login to the LCT is allowed.



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3 System Architecture

About This Chapter

The system architecture of the OptiX OSN 500 is described from the following aspects: softwarearchitecture and hardware structure.

3.1 Software ArchitectureThis section describes the system's general software architecture, as well as the functions of eachsoftware module.

3.2 Hardware StructureThe equipment hardware consists of the chassis, board, and cables.

OptiX OSN 500 STM-1/STM-4 Multi-Service CPE OpticalTransmission SystemProduct Description 3 System Architecture


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3.1 Software ArchitectureThis section describes the system's general software architecture, as well as the functions of eachsoftware module.

3.1.1 OverviewThe software system is of a modular design. Each module provides specific functions and workswith other modules.

The entire software is distributed in three modules including board software, NE software andNM system.

The software resides respectively on functional boards, the SCC, and NM computer. Hierarchicalstructure ensures that it is highly reliable and efficient. Each layer performs specific functionsand provides service for the upper layer.

The system software architecture is shown in Figure 3-1.

In the diagram, all modules are NE software except "Network Management System" and "BoardSoftware".

Figure 3-1 Software architecture

High LevelCommunication Module

Communication Module

Equipment ManagementModule

Real-timemulti-taskoperatingsystem

NE software

Network ManagementSystem

Board Software

DatabaseManagement

Module

Network side Module

3.1.2 Communication ProtocolsComplete protocol stack and messages of Qx interface are described in ITU-T G.773, Q.811 andQ.812.



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Qx interface is mainly used to connect mediation device (MD), Q adaptation (QA) and NE (NE)equipment through local communication network (LCN).

At present, QA is provided by NE management layer. MD and operating system (OS) areprovided by NM layer. They are connected to each other through Qx interface.

According to the Recommendations, Qx interface provided by the system is developed on thebasis of TCP/IP connectionless network layer service (CLNS1) protocol stack.

In addition, to support remote access of the NM through Modem, IP layer uses serial line internetprotocol (SLIP).

3.1.3 Board SoftwareThe board software runs on each board and it manages, monitors and controls the operation ofthe board.

It receives the command issued from the NE software and reports the board status to the NEsoftware through performance events and alarm.

The specific functions include:

l Alarm managementl Performance managementl Configuration managementl Communication management

It directly controls the functional circuits in corresponding boards and implements ITU-Tcompliant specific functions of the NE.

3.1.4 NE SoftwareThe NE software manages, monitors and controls the board operations in the NE. In addition,the NE software functions as a communication service unit between the T2000 and the boards,so that the T2000 can control and manage the NE.

According to ITU-T M.3010, NE software is at unit management layer in telecom managementnetwork, performing NE function (NEF), partial mediation function (MF) and OS function atnetwork unit layer.

Data communication function (DCF) provides communication channel between NE and otherequipment (including NM and other NEs).

l Real-time multi-task operating systemThe NE software offers real-time multi-task operating system to manage public resourcesand support application programs.It isolates the application programs from the processor and provides an application programexecution environment, which is independent of the processor hardware.

l Communication moduleThe communication module is the interface module between NE software and boardsoftware.According to related protocol, communication function between the NE software and theboard software is for information exchange and maintenance of the equipment.



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Through the communication, board maintenance and operation commands from the NEsoftware are sent to the boards. On the other hand, the state, alarm and performance eventsof the board are reported to the NE software.

l Network side (NS) moduleThe NS module is between the communication module and the equipment managementmodule. It converts the data format between the user operation side (at the application layer)and the NE equipment management layer, and provides security control for the NE layer.Functionally, the NS module is divided into the following three submodules:

– Qx interface module

– Command line interface module

– Security management modulel Equipment management module

The equipment management module is the core of the NE software for the NE management.It includes administrator and agent.Administrator can send NM operation commands and receive events.Agent can respond to the NM operation commands sent by the administrator, implementthe operations of the managed object, and send up events according to the change of statusof the managed object.

l High-level communication moduleThe high-level communication module exchanges management information among NEsand between the NM system and the NE.It consists of network communication module, serial communication module and ECCcommunication module.

l Database management moduleThe database management module is a part of the NE software.It includes two independent parts: data and program.The data are organized in the form of database, including network database, alarm database,performance database and equipment database.The program manages and accesses the data in the database.

3.1.5 Network Management SystemThe NM system implements a unified management over the optical transmission network, andmaintains all OSN, SDH, Metro, DWDM NE equipment in the network.

In compliance with ITU-T Recommendations, it is an NM system that integrates standardmanagement information model as well as object-oriented management technology.

It exchanges information with the NE software through the communication module to monitorand manage the network equipment.

The NM software runs on a workstation or PC, managing the equipment and the transmissionnetwork to help to operate, maintain and manage the transmission equipment.

The management functions of the NM software include:

l Alarm management: collects, prompts, filters, browses, acknowledges, checks, clears, andcounts in real time; fulfills alarm insertion, alarm correlation analysis and fault diagnosis.



17

l Performance management: sets performance monitoring; browses, analyzes and printsperformance data; forecasts medium-term and long-term performance; and resetsperformance register.

l Configuration management: configures and manages interfaces, clocks, services, trails,subnets and time.

l Security management: provides NM user management, NE user management, NE loginmanagement, NE login lockout, NE setting lockout and local craft terminal (LCT) accesscontrol of the equipment.

l Maintenance management: provides loopback, board resetting, automatic laser shutdown(ALS) and optical fiber power detection, and collects equipment data to help themaintenance personnel in troubleshooting.

3.2 Hardware StructureThe equipment hardware consists of the chassis, board, and cables.

3.2.1 ChassisThe OptiX OSN 500 is a 1U chassis with two slot layers. It provides one slot for housing theISU board and two extended slots, which realizes the flexible configuration.

Figure 3-2, Figure 3-3 and Figure 3-4 show the appearance of the OptiX OSN 500.

Figure 3-2 Appearance of the OptiX OSN 500 equipment (-48V/-60V DC)

HD

W

Figure 3-3 Appearance of the OptiX OSN 500 equipment with cooling function (-48V/-60VDC)

HD

W

Figure 3-4 Appearance of the OptiX OSN 500 equipment (110V/220V AC)

HD

W



18

The cooling module provides the flowing functions and features, including fan speed control,fan state detection, and fan state report:

l Provides one 12 V power supply, driving three fans each of whose power consumption is6 W.

l Supports the soft start of and overcurrent protection for the fan power supply.l Supports the intelligent speed control of the fans. By controlling the fan speed, the system

is cooled while the power energy is saved and the noise is reduced.l Supports the report of the fan speed, alarm information, version number, and on/off state;

provides the alarm indicators; supports the shutdown of the fan power supply.

3.2.2 BoardThe board is an important part of the equipment hardware.

System ArchitectureWhen the OptiX OSN 500 accesses hybrid services, the system architecture can be divided intoseveral parts according to function, as shown in Figure 3-5.

Figure 3-5 System architecture

Clock unit

System controland

communicationunit

Line unit

STM-Noptical signal

Cross-connect

unit

PDH/ Ethernetservice

PD

H/ E

thernetservice unit

Overheadprocessing unit

Synchronoustiming unit

Slot LayoutThe OptiX OSN 500 provides three slots for housing boards, as shown in Figure 3-6. The lowerslot houses the ISU board, and the upper two slots house the extended boards.

Figure 3-6 Slot layout

Slot 3 Slot 4

Slot 2 (ISU)



19

Appearance and Dimensions of the Boards

Table 3-1 shows the appearance and dimensions of the ISU and extended boards.

Table 3-1 Appearance and dimensions of the boards

BoardName

Description

ISU(forexample,TNH1ISUA)

Appearance

Function

Integrates the SCC unit, cross-connect unit, clock unit, tributary unit, line unit,and data transparent transmission unit.

Dimensions

388.4 mm (width) x 197.7 mm (depth) x 19.8 mm (height)

Boards intheextendedslots(forexample,SL1D)

Appearance

Function

Provides 2xSTM-1 optical interfaces.

Dimensions

183.8 mm (width) x 197.7 mm (depth) x 19.8 mm (height)

Description of the Barcode on the Board

The following two types of barcodes are used for the boards of the OptiX OSN 500:



20

l 16-bit manufacturing code + Board version + Board name + Board feature codel 20-bit manufacturing code + Board version + Board name + Board feature code

The barcode for the ISU board is located on the front panel, as shown in Figure 3-7 (consideringthe barcode with the 16-bit manufacturing code as an example).

Figure 3-7 Barcode on the ISU board

① ② ③ ④0322541016000239-TNH1ISUA01

①

②③④

Last six numbers of the BOM codeInternal codeBoard versionBoard name

⑤

Board feature code⑤

3.2.3 External ComponentThe external component of the OptiX OSN 500 is the external orderwire phone.

Figure 3-8 shows the appearance of the external orderwire phone.

Figure 3-8 Appearance of the external orderwire phone

LINE PHONE

POWER

EOW



21

3.2.4 Fibers and CablesThe fibers and cables include the fibers, power cables, service cables, clock cables, alarm cables,and management cables.

Table 3-2 shows the fibers and cables used by the OptiX OSN 500.

Table 3-2 Fibers and cables used by the OptiX OSN 500

Name Connector Type Appearance

PGND -

Powercable

Four-core socket

Three-phase socket

E1/T1cable(considering the120-ohm E1cable forexample)

Anea 96

E3/T3cable

SMB



22

Name Connector Type Appearance

Fiberjumper

LC/PC

Ethernetcable

RJ-45

NMcable

Clockcable

RJ-45

Alarmcable

Auxiliary cable

Orderwire phonecable

RJ-11



23

4 Boards

About This Chapter

The OptiX OSN 500 supports boards of different types.

4.1 SL1DThe SL1D board is a 2xSTM-1 optical interface board.

4.2 SP3DThe SP3D board is a 42xE1/T1 electrical interface board.

4.3 PL3TThe PL3T board is a 3xE3/T3 electrical interface board.

4.4 EGT1The EGT1 board is a 1xGE transparent Ethernet transmission board.

4.5 EFS8 BoardThe EFS8 board is an 8xFE switch processing board.

4.6 ISUThe ISU board integrates the SCC unit, cross-connect unit, clock unit, tributary unit, line unit,data transparent transmission unit, and cooling unit.

OptiX OSN 500 STM-1/STM-4 Multi-Service CPE OpticalTransmission SystemProduct Description 4 Boards


24

4.1 SL1DThe SL1D board is a 2xSTM-1 optical interface board.

4.1.1 Version DescriptionThe SL1D board is available in two versions, that is, TNH1 and TNH2. TNH1SL1D andTNH2SL1D have no difference and can substitute for each other.

Table 4-1 provides the version description of the SL1D board.

Table 4-1 Version description of the SL1D board

Item Description

Functional versions The SL1D board is available in two versions, that is, TNH1 andTNH2.

Differences None

Substitution TNH1SL1D and TNH2SL1D can substitute for each other.

4.1.2 Functions and FeaturesThe SL1D board is used to transmit and receive 2xSTM-1 optical signals, to perform O/Econversion for the STM-1 signals, to extract or insert overhead bytes, and to report alarms thatare generated on the line.

Table 4-2 provides the functions and features of the SL1D board.

Table 4-2 Functions and features of the SL1D board

Function andFeature

Description

Basic functions Receives and transmits 2xSTM-1 optical signals.



25

Function andFeature

Description

Specifications ofthe opticalinterfaces

l Provides standard S-1.1, L-1.1 and L-1.2 optical interfaces.l The optical interfaces comply with the ITU-T G.957

Recommendations.NOTE

Format of optical port type is defined as follows: transmission distance-signalrate.fiber type

Explanation for optical port type "S-1.1" is as follows: "S" represents shortdistance; the first digit "1" represents STM-1 signals; the second digit "1"represents ITU-T G.652 fibers (1310 nm).

Explanation for optical port type "L-1.1" is as follows: "L" represents longdistance; the first digit "1" represents STM-1 signals; the second digit "1"represents ITU-T G.652 fibers (1310 nm).

Explanation for optical port type "L-1.2" is as follows: "L" represents longdistance; the first digit "1" represents STM-1 signals; the second digit "2"represents ITU-T G.652 fibers (1550 nm)..

Specifications ofthe optical module

l Supports detection and query of the information on the opticalmodule.

l Supports the usage and detection of the pluggable SFP opticalmodule for easy maintenance.

l The optical interface supports the function of setting the on/off stateof the laser and the ALS function.

Service processing Supports the processing of the VC-12, VC-3, and VC-4 services.

Overheadprocessing

l Supports the processing of the SOH bytes of the STM-1 signals.l Supports the transparent transmission and termination of the POH

bytes.l Supports the setting and query of the J0, J1, and C2 bytes.

Alarm andperformance event

Provides rich alarms and performance events for easy management andmaintenance of the equipment.

Protection scheme l Supports two-fiber unidirectional MSP ring.l Supports linear MSP.l Supports SNCP.

Maintenancefeatures

l Supports inloop and outloop at a port or path level.l Supports warm reset and cold reset. The warm reset does not affect

services.l Supports the query of the manufacturing information on a board.l Supports in-service loading for the FPGA.

4.1.3 Working Principle and Signal FlowThe SL1D board consists of the O/E conversion module, E/O conversion module, data clockrecovery module, SDH overhead processing module, logic control module, and power circuit.



26

Figure 4-1 considers 1xSTM-1 signals as an example to show the working principle of the SL1Dboard.

Figure 4-1 Principle block diagram of the SL1D board

Data clockrecoverymodule SDH

overheadprocessing

module

Logicalcontrolmodule

STM-1

STM-1 Cross-connect unit

Backplane

SCC unit

O/E conversion

+3.3 V

Fuse

O/E conversion

Cross-connect unit

+3.3 V

In the Transmit Direction

The overhead processing module inserts the overhead bytes into the electrical signals receivedfrom the cross-connect units and then transmits the signals to the E/O conversion module. TheE/O conversion module converts the received STM-1 electrical signals into STM-1 opticalsignals, which are then transmitted through fibers.

In the Receive Direction

The O/E conversion module converts the received STM-1 optical signals into STM-1 electricalsignals and checks for the R_LOS alarm.

The data clock recovery module recovers the clock signals, and transmits the STM-1 electricalsignals along with the clock signals to the overhead processing module. The overhead processingmodule checks for the R_LOF and R_OOF alarms.

The overhead processing module also extracts overhead bytes from the received STM-1 signalsand transmits the signals to the cross-connect unit through the backplane.

Logical Control Module

The logical control module traces the clock signals and frame header signals that are receivedfrom the active or standby cross-connect board. This module controls the laser and passesthrough the orderwire and ECC bytes between the two optical interface boards that form an



27

ADM. This module also selects clock signals, frame header signals, and service signals fromthe active or standby cross-connect board.

Power Module

The power module provides all the board modules with the required DC voltages.

4.1.4 Front PanelThe front panel of the SL1D board has indicators, interfaces, barcode, and laser safety classlabel.

Front Panel Diagram

Figure 4-2 shows the appearance of the front panel of the SL1D board.

Figure 4-2 Front panel of the SL1D board

SL1

D

SL1

D

STA

TS

RV

LOS

1LO

S2

TX1/RX1 TX2/RX2

CLASS1LASER

PRODUCT

Indicators

The following indicators are present on the front panel of the board:

l Board hardware status indicator (STAT), which is red or green when it is on

l Service alarm indicator (SRV), which is red, green or yellow when it is on

l LOS signal indicator of optical interface 1 (LOS1), which is red when it is on

l LOS signal indicator of optical interface 2 (LOS2), which is red when it is on

For details of the board indicators, see 10 Indicators.

Interfaces

Two pairs of optical interfaces are present on the front panel of the SL1D board. Table 4-3provides the type and functions of each optical interface.

Table 4-3 Optical interfaces on the front panel of the SL1D board

Interface Connector Type Function

TX1/RX1 LC Transmits and receives the firstchannel of optical signals.

TX2/RX2 LC Transmits and receives the secondchannel of optical signals.



28

4.1.5 Valid SlotsThe SL1D board can be inserted into slot 3 or slot 4.

4.1.6 Feature CodeThe feature code of a board refers to the number next to the board name in the bar code andindicates the type of board port. SL1D boards have feature codes.

Table 4-4 Feature code of the SL1D

Feature Code Type of Optical Port

01 S-1.1, eSFP optical module

02 L-1.1, eSFP optical module

03 L-1.2, eSFP optical module

4.1.7 References for Board ConfigurationThe parameters of the SL1D board can be set on the T2000.

You can use the T2000 to set the following parameters for the SL1D board:l J0 bytel J1 bytel C2 byte

For details of the parameters, see 12 Board Configuration Parameters.

4.1.8 Technical SpecificationsThe technical specifications of the SL1D board include the optical interface specifications, boarddimensions, weight, and power consumption.

Optical Interface SpecificationsTable 4-5 provides the specifications of the optical interfaces on the SL1D board.

Table 4-5 Specifications of the optical interfaces on the SL1D board

Item Value

Rate 155,520 kbit/s

Optical interfacetype

S-1.1 L-1.1 L-1.2

Operatingwavelengthrange (nm)

1261 to 1360 1263 to 1360 1480 to 1580



29

Item Value

Launched powerrange (dBm)

-15 to -8 -5 to 0 -5 to 0

Minimumextinction ratio(dB)

8.2 10 10

Optical receiversensitivity(dBm)

-28 -34 -34

Minimumoverload opticalpower (dBm)

-8 -10 -10

Laser Safety ClassThe safety class of the laser on the board is Class 1. The launched optical power of the opticalinterfaces is lower than 10 dBm (10 mW).

Mechanical SpecificationsThe mechanical specifications of the SL1D board are as follows:

l Board dimensions: 183.8 mm (width) x 197.7 mm (depth) x 19.8 mm (height)l Weight: 0.3 kg

Power ConsumptionAt the normal temperature (25°C), the maximum power consumption of the SL1D board is 4.12W.

4.2 SP3DThe SP3D board is a 42xE1/T1 electrical interface board.

4.2.1 Version DescriptionThe SP3D board is available in two versions, that is, TNH1 and TNH2. TNH1SP3D andTNH2SP3D have no difference and can substitute for each other.

Table 4-6 provides the version description of the SP3D board.



30

Table 4-6 Version description of the SP3D board

Item Description

Functional versions The SP3D board is available in two versions, that is, TNH1 andTNH2.

Differences None

Substitution TNH1SP3D and TNH2SP3D can substitute for each other.

4.2.2 Functions and FeaturesThe SP3D board is used to process E1/T1 signals and overheads, to report alarms andperformance events, and to provide maintenance functions.

Table 4-7 provides the functions and features of the SP3D board.

Table 4-7 Functions and features of the SP3D board

Function andFeature

Description

Service processing Accesses and processes 42xE1/T1 signals.

Overheadprocessing

Processes POH bytes at the VC-12 level, such as J2 and V5 bytes.



Maintenancefunctions

l Supports inloop and outloop at the electrical interfaces.l Supports warm reset and cold reset. The warm reset does not affect

services.l Supports the query of the manufacturing information on a board.l Supports the PRBS function.

4.2.3 Working Principle and Signal FlowThe SP3D board consists of the interface module, encoding/decoding module, mapping/demapping module, logical control module, and power module.

Figure 4-3 considers a channel of E1/T1 signals as an example to show the working principleof the SP3D board.



31

Figure 4-3 Principle block diagram of the SP3D boardBackplane

Decoding

Coding

Interfacemodule

Logicalcontrol unit

Cross-connect unitMapping

Demapping

SCC unit

+3.3 V backup

+3.3 V -48 V/-60 VFuse

Fuse

-48 V/-60 V

E1/T1

Cross-connect unit

Power module

Power module

E1/T1

In the Transmit DirectionThe demapping module demaps the VC-4 signals received from the cross-connect unit, extractsthe binary data signals and clock signals, and transmits them to the encoder. The encoder encodesthe received signals and outputs E1/T1 signals to the interface board.

In the Receive DirectionThe interface module accesses the E1/T1 signals and transmits them to the decoder. The decoderdecodes the E1/T1 signals, extracts the data signals and clock signals, and transmits the signalsto the mapping module.

In the case of the E1 signals, the mapping module maps the received E1 signals into a C-12, andadds POH bytes to form a VC-12. The pointers are then processed to form a TU-12, which isthen multiplexed into a VC-4. The VC-4 signals are then transmitted to the cross-connect unit.

In the case of the T1 signals, the mapping module maps the received T1 signals into the E1signals, then maps the E1 signals into a C-12, and adds POH bytes to form a VC-12. The pointersare then processed to form a TU-12, which is then multiplexed into a VC-4. The VC-4 signalsare then transmitted to the cross-connect unit.

Logical Control ModuleThe logical control module implements the communication between the SCC board and otherboards. This module reports the board information, alarms and performance events to the SCC,and receives the configuration commands delivered by the SCC board.

Power ModuleThe power module provides all the board modules with the required voltages.



32

4.2.4 Front PanelThe front panel of the SP3D board has indicators and interfaces.

Front Panel Diagram

Figure 4-4 shows the appearance of the front panel of the SP3D board.

Figure 4-4 Front panel of the SP3D board

SP

3D

SP

3D

STA

TS

RV 1

21

22

42

Indicators


l Board hardware status indicator (STAT), which is red or green when it is on

l Service alarm indicator (SRV), which is red, green or yellow when it is on


Interfaces

Two Anea 96 interfaces are present on the front panel of the SP3D board. Table 4-8 providesthe type and functions of each interface.

Table 4-8 Interfaces on the front panel of the SP3D board


1-21 Anea 96 Transmits and receives the E1/T1signals over channel 1 to channel 21.

22-42 Anea 96 Transmits and receives the E1/T1signals over channel 22 to channel 42.

4.2.5 Valid SlotsThe SP3D board can be inserted into slot 3 or slot 4.

4.2.6 Feature CodeThe feature code of a board refers to the number next to the board name in the bar code andindicates the type of board port. SP3D boards have feature codes.



33

Table 4-9 Feature code of the SP3D

Feature Code Provided Port Port Impedance

A 42xE1/T1 electrical port l E1: 120 ohmsl T1: 100 ohms

B 42xE1 electrical port 75 ohms

4.2.7 References for Board ConfigurationThe parameters of the SP3D board can be set on the T2000.

You can use the T2000 to set the following parameters for the SP3D board:l J2 bytel V5 bytel Tributary loopbackl Service loading indication


4.2.8 Technical SpecificationsThe technical specifications of the SP3D board include the electrical interface specifications,board dimensions, weight, and power consumption.

Electrical Interface SpecificationsTable 4-10 provides the specifications of the electrical interfaces on the SP3D board.

Table 4-10 Specifications of the electrical interfaces on the SP3D board

Item Value

TNH1SP3DA/TNH2SP3DA TNH1SP3DB/TNH2SP3DB

Rate 1,544 kbit/s 2,048 kbit/s 2,048 kbit/s

Accesscapability

42xT1 42xE1 42xE1

Code pattern B8ZS, AMI HDB3 HDB3

Connector Anea96 Anea96 Anea96

Interfaceimpedance

100 ohms 120 ohms 75 ohms

Input jittertolerance

ITU-T G.824compliant

ITU-T G.823compliant

ITU-T G.823 compliant

Rate at the outputinterface

ITU-T G.703 compliant ITU-T G.703 compliant



34

Item Value

TNH1SP3DA/TNH2SP3DA TNH1SP3DB/TNH2SP3DB

Permittedfrequencydeviation at theinput interface

Attenuationtolerance at theinput interface

Mechanical Specifications

The mechanical specifications of the SP3D board are as follows:


Power Consumption

At the normal temperature (25°C), the maximum power consumption of the SP3D board is 11.5W.

4.3 PL3TThe PL3T board is a 3xE3/T3 electrical interface board.

4.3.1 Version DescriptionThe PL3T board is available in only one version, that is, TNH1PL3T.

4.3.2 Functions and FeaturesThe PL3T board is used to process E3/T3 signals and overheads, to report alarms andperformance events, and to provide maintenance functions.

Table 4-11 provides the functions and features of the PL3T board.

Table 4-11 Functions and features of the PL3T board

Function andFeature

Description

Service processing Accesses and processes 3xE3/T3 signals.

Overheadprocessing

Supports the setting and query of all POH bytes at the VC-3 level.



35

Function andFeature

Description



Maintenancefunctions

l Supports inloop and outloop at the electrical interfaces.l Supports warm reset and cold reset. The warm reset does not affect

services.l Supports the query of the manufacturing information on a board.l Supports the PRBS function.

4.3.3 Working Principle and Signal FlowThe PL3T board consists the interface module, encoding/decoding module, mapping/demappingmodule, logical control module, and power module.

Figure 4-5 considers a channel of E3/T3 signals as an example to show the working principleof the PL3T board.

Figure 4-5 Principle block diagram of the PL3T board

Backplane

Decoding

Coding

Interfacemodule

Logicalcontrol unit

Cross-connect unitMapping

Demapping

SCC unit

E3/T3

E3/T3

Cross-connect unit

+3.3 VFuse

+3.3 V

In the Transmit DirectionThe demapping module demaps the electrical signals received from the cross-connect unit,extracts the data signals and clock signals, and transmits the signals to the encoder. The encoder



36

encodes the signals and outputs E3/T3 signals. The signals are then transmitted to the interfaceboard through interfaces.

In the Receive DirectionThe interface module accesses the E3/T3 signals and transmits them to the decoder. The decoderdecodes the E3/T3 signals, extracts the data signals and clock signals, and transmits the signalsto the mapping/demapping module.

The mapping module maps the received E3/T3 signals into a C-3, and adds POH to form a VC-3.The pointers are then processed to form a TU-3, which is then multiplexed into a VC-4. TheVC-4 signals are then transmitted to the cross-connect unit.

Logical Control ModuleThe logical control module implements the communication between other boards and the SCCboard. This module reports the board information, alarms and performance events to the SCC,and receives the configuration commands delivered by the SCC board.


4.3.4 Front PanelThe front panel of the PL3T board has indicators and interfaces.

Front Panel DiagramFigure 4-6 shows the appearance of the front panel of the PL3T board.

Figure 4-6 Front panel of the PL3T board

PL3

T

PL3

T

STA

TS

RV

TX1 RX1 TX2 RX3 TX3 RX3

IndicatorsThe following indicators are present on the front panel of the board:

l Board hardware status indicator (STAT), which is red or green when it is onl Service alarm indicator (SRV), which is red, green or yellow when it is on


InterfacesThree pairs of electrical interfaces are present on the front panel of the PL3T board. Table4-12 provides the type and functions of each interface.



37

Table 4-12 Interfaces on the front panel of the PL3T board


TX1-TX3 SMB Transmits the E3/T3 signals overchannel 1 to channel 3.

RX1-RX3 SMB Receives the E3/T3 signals overchannel 1 to channel 3.

4.3.5 Valid SlotsThe PL3T board can be inserted into slot 3 or slot 4.

4.3.6 Feature CodePL3T boards do not have feature codes.

4.3.7 References for Board ConfigurationThe parameters of the PL3T board can be set on the T2000.

You can use the T2000 to set the following parameters for the PL3T board:l J1 bytel C2 bytel Tributary loopbackl Service loading indicationl Path service type


4.3.8 Technical SpecificationsThe technical specifications of the PL3T board include the electrical interface specifications,board dimensions, weight, and power consumption.

Electrical Interface Specifications

Table 4-13 provides the specifications of the electrical interfaces on the PL3T board.

Table 4-13 Specifications of the E3/T3 electrical interface

Item Value

Rate 34,368 kbit/s or 44,736 kbit/s

Access capability 3xE3/T3

Code pattern HDB3 (E3) or B3ZS (T3)



38

Item Value

Connector SMB

Interfaceimpedance

75 ohms

Rate at the outputinterface

ITU-T G0.703 compliant

Permittedfrequencydeviation at theinput interface

Attenuationtolerance at theinput interface

Input jittertolerance

G.823 compliant (E3)G.824 compliant (T3)

Mechanical SpecificationsThe mechanical specifications of the PL3T board are as follows:


Power ConsumptionAt the normal temperature (25°C), the maximum power consumption of the PL3T board is 4.2W.

4.4 EGT1The EGT1 board is a 1xGE transparent Ethernet transmission board.

4.4.1 Version DescriptionThe EGT1 board is available in two versions, that is, TNH1 and TNH2. TNH1EGT1 andTNH2EGT1 have no difference and can substitute for each other.

Table 4-14 provides the version description of the EGT1 board.

Table 4-14 Version description of the EGT1 board

Item Description

Functional versions The EGT1 board is available in two versions, that is, TNH1and TNH2.



39

Item Description

Differences None

Substitution TNH1EGT1 and TNH2EGT1 can substitute for each other.

4.4.2 Functions and FeaturesThe EGT1 board supports transparent transmission of Ethernet services, LCAS, and test frames.

Table 4-15 provides the functions and features of the EGT1 board.

Table 4-15 Functions and features of the EGT1 board

Function andFeature

Description

Basic functions Transparently transmits one channel of GE signals.

Interfacespecifications

The 1000Base-SX/LX Ethernet optical interfaces support auto-negotiation and comply with the IEEE 802.3z standards. The hot-swappable SFP optical module used by the system supports a transmissiondistance up to 0.5 km (multimode optical fibers used) or 10 km (single-mode optical fibers used).

Format of serviceframes

l Ethernet II, IEEE 802.3, or IEEE 802.1q/pl Supports a frame length ranging from 64 bytes to 9,600 bytes.

Maximum uplinkbandwidth

4xVC-4

VCTRUNK 1

Encapsulationformat

Supports HDLC, LAPS, and GFP-F.

Mapping mode VC-3, VC-4, VC12-Xv (X ≤ 63), VC3-Xv (X ≤ 12), and VC4-Xv (X≤ 4)

Ethernet service Supports EPL.

MTU Supports the setting of the packet length (ranging from 1,518 bytes to9,600 bytes). After the new resetting takes effect, the permissiblemaximum length of the packets accessed at the IP interface depends onthe MTU settings.

MPLS Not supported

VLAN Supports transparent VLAN transmission.

LPT Supports point-to-point Link State Pass Through (LPT).

Multicast Not supported



40

Function andFeature

Description

ETH-OAM Supports the continuity check (CC) for the multicast services, loopback(LB) test for the unicast services, network loopback detection (LD), linktrace (LT) test, auto-negotiation, fault diagnosis, and link performancecheck.

CAR Not supported

Flow control Supports the GE port-based IEEE 802.3x flow control.

LCAS Dynamically increases or decreases the bandwidth and realizes theprotection function, compliant with the ITU-T G.7042Recommendations.

Ethernet testframe

Supports the reception and transmission of Ethernet test frames.

Ethernetperformancemonitoring(RMON)

Supports Ethernet performance monitoring at the port level.

Alarm andperformanceevent


4.4.3 Working Principle and Signal FlowThe EGT1 board consists of the interface module, service processing module, encapsulation andmapping module, interface conversion module, communication and control module, and powermodule.

Figure 4-7 shows the working principle of the EGT1 board.



41

Figure 4-7 Principle block diagram of the EGT1 board

Backplane

Serviceprocessing

module

Encapsulation/mappingmodule

Communicationand control

module

Cross-connect unit

Cross-connect unit

GE

Interfacemodule

SCC unit

+3.3 V backup

+3.3 V -48 V/-60 VPowermodule

Fuse

FusePower module-48 V/-60 V

Interfaceconversion

moduleGE

In the Transmit DirectionThe cross-connect unit transmits signals to the encapsulation and mapping module through theinterface conversion module for demapping and decapsulation. The service processing moduledetermines the routes according to the service level of the equipment. The service processingmodule delimitates the frames, adds the preamble code, computes the Cyclic Redundancy Check(CRC) code, and collects statistics for the Ethernet performance. Finally, the interfaceconversion module converts the parallel signals into series signals, encodes the signals, andtransmits the signals through an Ethernet interface.

In the Receive DirectionThe interface module accesses the signals from an external Ethernet device, such as the Ethernetswitch and router. The interface module then decodes the signals and converts the series signalsinto parallel signals. The service processing module then delimitates the frames, strips thepreamble code, terminates the CRC code, and collects statistics for the Ethernet performance.The encapsulation module then encapsulates the Ethernet frames in the HDLC, LAPS, or GFP-F format, transmits the frames to the mapping module, which then maps the frames. Finally, theencapsulation module transmits the frames to the cross-connect unit through the interfaceconversion module.

Communication and Control ModuleThe communication and control module provides the communication, control, and serviceconfiguration functions of the board.




42

4.4.4 Front PanelThe front panel of the EGT1 board has indicators and interfaces.

Front Panel DiagramFigure 4-8 shows the appearance of the front panel of the EGT1 board.

Figure 4-8 Front panel of the EGT1 board

EG

T1

EG

T1

STA

TS

RV

LIN

KA

CT

TX1/RX1OP

M

CLASS1LASER

PRODUCT


l Board hardware status indicator (STAT), which is red or green when it is onl Service alarm indicator (SRV), which is red, green or yellow when it is onl Connection status indicator (LINK), which is green when it is onl Data receiving and transmission indicator (ACT), which is orange when it is onl Optical power indicator (OPM), which is red, green or yellow when it is on


InterfacesOne GE interface is present on the front panel of the EGT1 board. Table 4-16 provides the typeand functions of the interface.

Table 4-16 Interfaces on the front panel of the EGT1 board


TX1/RX1 LC (pluggable) Receives and transmits GE signals.

4.4.5 Valid SlotsThe EGT1 board can be inserted into slot 3 or slot 4.

4.4.6 References for Board ConfigurationThe parameters for the EGT1 board can be set on the T2000.

You can use the T2000 to set the following parameters for the EGT1 board:l Working mode



43

l Enable LCASl Maximum frame lengthl Mapping protocol


4.4.7 Technical SpecificationsThe technical specifications of the EGT1 board includes the electrical interface specifications,board dimensions, weight, and power consumption.

Electrical Interface SpecificationsTable 4-17 provides the specifications of the electrical interfaces on the EGT1 board.

Table 4-17 Specifications of the electrical interfaces on the EGT1 board

Item Value

Optical interface type 1000BASE-LX (10 km) 1000BASE-SX (0.5 km)

Fiber type LC single-mode fiber LC multimode fiber

Launched power range(dBm)

-9 to -3 -9.5 to 0

Operating wavelengthrange (nm)

1270 to 1355 770 to 860

Minimum overloadoptical power (dBm)

-3 0

Optical receiversensitivity (dBm)

-19 -17

Minimum extinctionratio (dB)

9 9

Laser Safety ClassThe safety class of the laser on the EGT1 board is Class 1.

Mechanical SpecificationsThe mechanical specifications of the EGS1 board are as follows:


Power ConsumptionAt the normal temperature (25°C), the maximum power consumption of the EGT1 board is 9W.



44

4.5 EFS8 BoardThe EFS8 board is an 8xFE switch processing board.

4.5.1 Version DescriptionThe EFS8 board is available in two versions, that is, TNH1 and TNH2. TNH1EFS8 andTNH2EFS8 differ in support of jumbo frames.

Table 4-18 provides the version description of the EFS8 board.

Table 4-18 Version description of the EFS8 board

Item Description

Functional versions The EFS8 board is available in two versions, that is, TNH1 andTNH2.

Differences l For a TNH2EFS8 board, all its VCTRUNKs support 9600-byte jumbo frames and do not require the setting of jumboframe type.

l For a TNH1EFS8 board, its VCTRUNKs 1-4 support 4000-byte jumbo frames and its VCTRUNKs 5-8 support 9600-byte jumbo frames. In addition, the frame type in packetsmust be the same as the preset jumbo frame type.

Substitution TNH2EFS8 can substitute for TNH1EFS8.

4.5.2 Functions and FeaturesThe EFS8 board supports the transparent transmission of the Ethernet service, LCAS, and testframes.

Table 4-19 provides the functions and features of the EFS8 board.

Table 4-19 Functions and features of the EFS8 board

Function andFeature

Description

Basic function Processes 8xFE signals.

Standard for theinterface

100BASE-TX, in compliance with IEEE802.3u.



45

Function andFeature

Description

Service frameformat

l Ethernet II, IEEE 802.3, and IEEE 802.1q/p.l TNH1EFS8:

– VCTRUNK 1 to 4: The maximum length of packets ranges from64 bytes to 1535 bytes.

– VCTRUNK 5 to 8: The maximum length of packets ranges from64 bytes to 9600 bytes, and the VCTRUNKs 5 to 8 support theJumbo frame with a length not more than 9600 bytes.

l TNH2EFS8: VCTRUNK 1 to 8: The maximum length of packetsranges from 64 bytes to 9600 bytes, and the VCTRUNKs 1 to 8 supportthe Jumbo frame with a length not more than 9600 bytes.


4xVC-4

VCTRUNK 8

Encapsulationformat

HDLC, LAPS, GFP-F

Mapping mode VC-3, VC12-Xv (X ≤ 63), and VC3-Xv (X ≤ 12)

EPL Supports transparent transmission based on port.

EVPL l Supports service transmission based on port.l Supports EVPL services based on port+VLAN.l Supports EVPL services based on QinQ.l Uses the frame encapsulation formats in compliance with IEEE 802.1q

and IEEE 802.1ad.

EPLAN l Supports convergence based on Layer 2 and point-to-multipointconvergence.

l Supports Layer 2 switch function. Supports service switch at the clientside and SDH side.

l Supports the function of self-learning the source MAC address. Thelength of the MAC address table is 16 K. The aging time of the MACaddress can be set and queried.

l Supports the configuration of static MAC routes.l Supports data isolation based on VB+VLAN.l Supports the creation, deletion, and query of the VB. The maximum

number of the VBs is 1. The maximum number of logical ports foreach VB is 16.

EVPLAN l Supports data isolation based on VB+VLAN.l Supports EVPLAN services in compliance with IEEE 802.1q and

IEEE 802.1ad.

MTU 1518 bytes to 1535 bytes



46

Function andFeature

Description

MPLS Not supported

VLAN The transparent transmission of the VLAN is supported.

LPT The LPT in P2P or P2MP mode is supported.

Multicast Supported

ETH-OAM Supports the continuity check (CC) test, unicast loopback (LB) test, linktrace (LT) test, network loop detect (LD), auto-negotiation function test,fault diagnosis, and link performance test.

QoS Supported

Flow control The flow control based on port in compliance with IEEE 802.3x issupported.

LCAS In compliance with ITU-T G.7042, the LCAS function realizes thedynamic increase/decrease, and protection of the bandwidth.

Ethernet testframe

Supported.

Port mirror Supported

LAG Supported

STP/RSTP Supported


The RMON at the port level is supported.


Provides various alarms and performance events to easily manage andmaintain the equipment.

4.5.3 Working Principle and Signal FlowThe EFS8 board consists of the interface module, service processing module, mapping/demapping module, interface conversion module, communications and control module, andpower module.

Figure 4-9 considers a channel of FE signals as an example to show the working principle ofthe EFS8 board.



47

Figure 4-9 Principle block diagram of the EFS8 board

Backplane

Serviceprocessing

module

Encapsulation/Mappingmodule

Interfaceconversion

module

Communicationand control

module

Cross-connect unit

Cross-connect unit

FE

Interfacemodule

SCC unit

+3.3 V backup

+3.3 V -48 V/-60 VFuse

Fuse

-48 V/-60 V

FE

Powermodule

Powermodule

In the Transmit DirectionThe cross-connect unit transmits signals to the encapsulation and mapping module through theinterface conversion module for demapping and decapsulation. The service processing moduledetermines the service routes according to the equipment level, and classifies the flow accordingto the service type and configuration requirements. Then, the service processing moduleperforms frame delimitation, preamble adding, CRC code computing, and Ethernet performancecount. Finally, the interface conversion module converts the parallel signals to series signals,and transmits the series signals through an Ethernet interface.

In the Receive DirectionAfter accessing the Ethernet signals from external Ethernet equipment (for example, an Ethernetswitch and a router), the Ethernet interface module decodes the signals, and then coverts serialsignals to parallel signals. Then, the service processing module aligns the frames, strips thepreamble code, terminates the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code and performs the statisticsfor the Ethernet performance. The service processing module also classifies the flow accordingto service type and configuration requirement. The packets in the IEEE 802.1q-compliant andIEEE 802.1ad-compliant formats are supported. In addition, the service processing module addsCVlan and SVlan tags for mapping and forwarding the services. Then, the encapsulation moduleencapsulates the Ethernet frames in the HDLC, LAPS, or GFP-F format, transmits the framesto the mapping/demapping module, which then maps the frames. Finally, the encapsulationmodule transmits the frames to the cross-connect unit through the interface conversion module.

Communication and Control ModuleThe communication and control module provides the communication, control, and serviceconfiguration functions of the board.



48

Power Module

The power module provides the voltages required by all the modules of the board.

4.5.4 Front PanelThe front panel of the EFS8 board has the indicators, and interfaces.

Front Panel Diagram

Figure 4-10 shows the appearance of the front panel of the EFS8 board.

Figure 4-10 Front panel of the EFS8 board

EFS

8

EFS

8

STA

TP

RO

GS

RV

1 4 5 8

Indicator


l Board hardware status indicator (STAT), which is green or red when it is on

l Board software status indicator (PROG), which is green or red when it is on

l Alarm indicator (SRV), which is red, green, or yellow when it is on

l Connection status indicator, which is green when it is on. This indicator is located abovethe RJ-45 connector

l Data transceiving indicator, which is orange when it is on. This indicator is located abovethe RJ-45 connector


Interface

There are eight FE electrical interfaces on the front panel of the EFS8 board. Table 4-20 providesthe types and functions of the interfaces.

Table 4-20 Interfaces on the front panel of the EFS8 board


1-4 RJ-45 Transmits and receives FE signalsover channel 1 to channel 4.

5-8 RJ-45 Transmits and receives FE signalsover channel 5 to channel 8.



49

4.5.5 Valid SlotsThe EFS8 board can be inserted in slot 3 or slot 4.

4.5.6 References for Board ConfigurationThe parameters of the EFS8 board can be set on the T2000.

You can set the following parameters for the EFS8 board on the T2000:l Working model Enabling LCASl Maximum frame lengthl Mapping protocol


4.5.7 Technical SpecificationsThe specifications of the EFS8 board include the specifications of the electrical interfaces,dimensions, weight, and power consumption.

Specifications of the Electrical InterfacesTable 4-21 provides the specifications of the electrical interfaces on the EFS8 board.

Table 4-21 Specifications of the electrical interfaces

Item Value

Type of theConnector

100BASE-TX

Rate 100 Mbit/s

Code pattern MLT-3 encoding signal

Connector RJ-45


In compliance with IEEE 802.3u

Mechanical SpecificationsThe mechanical specifications of the EFS8 board are as follows:

l Board dimensions: 183.8mm (width) x 197.7 mm (depth) x 19.8 mm (height)l Weight: 0.65 kg

Power ConsumptionAt the normal temperature (25°C), the maximum power consumption of the EFS8 board is 12W.



50

4.6 ISUThe ISU board integrates the SCC unit, cross-connect unit, clock unit, tributary unit, line unit,data transparent transmission unit, and cooling unit.

4.6.1 Version DescriptionThe ISU board is available in five types: type A, type B, type C, type D, and type E. Thedifferences among the four types are the support of the Ethernet interface and the T1 interface,and the impedance of the E1 interface.

Table 4-22 provides the version description of the ISU board.

Table 4-22 Version description of the ISU board

BoardVersion

Supported Interface Supported PDHElectricalInterfaceImpedance

SupportedOptical InterfaceType

TNH1ISUA

l 2xSTM-1/4 optical interfacesl 21×E1/T1 electrical

interfacesl 8×FE electrical interfaces

120 ohms (E1) or100 ohms (T1)

S-1.1, L-1.1, S-4.1,L-4.1, and LC

TNH1ISUB

l 2xSTM-1/4 optical interfacesl 21×E1/T1 electrical

interfaces


TNH1ISUC

l 2xSTM-1/4 optical interfacesl 21×E1 electrical interfacesl 8×FE electrical interfaces

75 ohms

TNH1ISUD

l 2xSTM-1/4 optical interfacesl 21×E1 electrical interfaces

75 ohms

TNH1ISUE l 2xSTM-1/4 optical interfacesl 21×E1/T1 electrical

interfacesl 8×FE electrical interfaces


NOTETNH1ISUE supports the cooling function.

4.6.2 Functions and FeaturesThe ISU board integrates the SCC, cross-connect (XC) unit, clock synchronous timing generator(STG) unit, STM-1/STM-4 line unit, 10M/100M Ethernet unit, and E1/T1 tributary unit.



51

Table 4-23 provides the functions and features of the ISU board.

Table 4-23 Functions and features of the ISU

Function andFeature

Description

Cross-connectfunction

l Supports the higher-order full cross-connections of 21.25 Gbit/s orlower-order full cross-connections of 5 Gbit/s.

l Supports cross-connections at the VC-4/VC-3/VC-12 level, thusensuring that the services can be groomed from line to line, from lineto tributary, and from tributary to tributary.

Line function l Provides two STM-1/STM-4 optical interfaces. The STM-1 opticalinterfaces are displayed as the SL1D and the STM-4 opticalinterfaces are displayed as the SL4D on the T2000.

l Provides two synchronous timing sources for the clock unit.l Processes the section overheads and higher order path overheads.l Supports K-byte reporting, transmission and pass-through.l Provides the transparent data communication channel (DCC).l Supports the setting and querying of the J0/J1/C2 byte.l Processes AU pointers.l Supports VC-4 inloop and outloop, test of the received/transmitted

overhead bytes, test of the K-byte pass-through, and verification.

Specifications ofthe optical module

l The STM-4 optical interfaces are standard S-4.1 or L-4.1 opticalinterfaces.

l The STM-1 optical interfaces are standard S-1.1 or L-1.1 opticalinterfaces.

l All the optical interfaces comply with ITU-T G.957.l The optical interfaces apply the SFP optical modules and supports

the use and monitoring of the SFP modules, thus facilitating themaintenance of the optical modules.

l The optical interfaces support the function of setting the on/off stateof the laser and the ALS function.

l Supports the detection and querying of the information on the opticalmodule.

Tributary function l Supports the access of 21xE1/T1 signals. The tributary module isdisplayed as SP3S on the T2000.

l Supports asynchronous mapping of E1/T1 signals into VC-12s.l Processes the VC-12 path overheads, configures each service

channel, monitors alarms and performance events of each servicechannel, and communicates with the SCC unit.

l Supports inloop and outloop to test the quality of E1/T1 services orlocate the fault, thus facilitating the maintenance.

l Provides two synchronous clock sources for the clock unit.



52

Function andFeature

Description

Data function See Table 4-24.

Clock function l Supports the non-SSM protocol, standard SSM protocol, andextended SSM protocol.

l Provides the synchronization clock required by each board of thesystem.

l Supports the three working modes: trace, hold-over, and free-run.l Supports the control of the clock source priority levels.l Supports the control of the clock source switching function.l Processes and sets the S1 byte.l Provides two 2048 KHZ or 2048 kbit/s external clock interfaces, of

which the impedance is 120 ohms.

Orderwireinterface

Provides one external orderwire phone interface, which achieves theorderwire phone function with the external orderwire phone.

Function of theSCC

l Exchanges information with other boards to configure the equipmentdata and collect the performance and alarm data.

l Provides the standard Ethernet NM interface and RS-232 dataterminal equipment (DTE) interface, to realize management over theequipment on the T2000.


Provides abundant alarms and performance events to facilitatemanagement and maintenance of the equipment.

Protection scheme l Supports two-fiber unidirectional MSP ring.l Supports two-fiber bidirectional MSP ring.l Supports linear MSP.l Supports SNCP.

Maintenancefeature

l Supports inloop and outloop for optical interfaces.l Supports warm reset and cold reset. The warm reset does not affect

services.l Supports the querying of the manufacturing information on the

boards.l Supports the in-service upgrade of the FPGA.l Supports the upgrading of the board software without affecting

services.

Other functions Supports cooling function.



53

Table 4-24 Data Functions of the ISU board

Function andFeature

Description

Basic function Processes 8xFE signals.


100BASE-TX, in compliance with IEEE802.3u.

Service frameformat

Ethernet II, IEEE 802.3, and IEEE 802.1q/p.l VCTRUNK 1 to 4: The maximum length of packets ranges from 64

bytes to 1535 bytes.l VCTRUNK 5 to 8: The maximum length of packets ranges from 64

bytes to 9600 bytes, and the VCTRUNKs 5 to 8 support the Jumboframe with a length not more than 9600 bytes.


4xVC-4

VCTRUNK 8

Encapsulationformat

HDLC, LAPS, GFP-F

Mapping mode VC-3, VC12-Xv (X ≤ 63), and VC3-Xv (X ≤ 12)

EPL Supports transparent transmission based on port.

EVPL Not supported

EPLAN Not supported

EVPLAN Not supported

MTU l ISUA/ISUC: 1518 bytes to 1535 bytesl ISUE: 1518 bytes to 9600 bytes

MPLS Not supported

VLAN The transparent transmission of the VLAN is supported.

LPT The LPT in P2P mode is supported.

Multicast Not supported

ETH-OAM Not supported

QoS Not supported

Flow control The flow control based on port in compliance with IEEE 802.3x issupported.

LCAS In compliance with ITU-T G.7042, the LCAS function realizes thedynamic increase/decrease, and protection of the bandwidth.

Test frame Supports the transmitting and receiving of the GFP test frame.

Port mirror Not supported



54

Function andFeature

Description

LAG Not supported

STP/RSTP Not supported


The RMON at the port level is supported.


Provides various alarms and performance events to easily manage andmaintain the equipment.

4.6.3 Working Principle and Signal FlowThe ISU board consists of the SCC unit, cross-connect unit, clock unit, line unit, E1/T1 serviceunit, Ethernet service unit, auxiliary data interface, and power module.

Figure 4-11 shows the principle block diagram of the ISU board.

Figure 4-11 Principle block diagram of the ISU board

1xF2 transparent data interface

Lineunit

E1/T1 serviceprocessing

unit

Auxiliarydata

interface

Clockunit

SCCunit

Cross-connectunit

Other units

120 -ohm clock input/output interface

3xinput/1xoutput interface

STM-1/4 optical signal

E1/T1

+3.3V -48 V/-60 VPowermodule

Fuse

+3.3 V backup

-48 V/-60 V

1xorderwire phone interface

FE

Extended board

Backplane

Other units

Ethernetservice

processingunit



55

SCC Unit

The SCC unit implements the synchronous equipment management function (SEMF) andmessage communication function (MCP), and thus plays an important role in the system.

The SCC unit provides Qx and F interfaces for the management of SDH networks, such asEthernet and X.25 network. The unit receives the control and configuration data of all units fromthe PC or workstation through these interfaces. It also provides DCC communication functionand thus can communicate with the remote NE.

In addition, the SCC unit communicates with various boards to monitor alarms of the boardsand to collect the performance parameters, and periodically transmits the data to the T2000.

Cross-Connect Unit

The cross-connect unit is the core for service grooming. The cross-connect unit can implementthe cross-connections between line and line, between line and tributary, and between tributaryand tributary within the OptiX OSN 500. The cross-connect unit supports the higher-order fullcross-connections of 21.25 Gbit/s or lower-order full cross-connections of 5 Gbit/s.

The cross-connect unit can flexibly add/drop tributary services and groom VC-12/VC-3/VC-4services. It supports SNCP, TM or ADM configuration, and various network topologies such asthe point-to-point, chain, ring, and hybrid networks.

Clock Unit

The clock unit locks the external clock source for system synchronization, and provides thesynchronization clock for functional units such as the line unit, tributary unit, and external clockinterface.

The clock unit may input/output a 2 MHz or 2 Mbit/s external clock. When the external clockinterface is used for DCC transparent transmission, the clock unit needs to be set to the 2 Mbit/s mode.

Auxiliary Data Port

The auxiliary data interface is mainly used to implement part of the overhead access function(OAF) and the DCC processing function of the MCF.

The auxiliary data interface provides one F2 transparent data interface, three alarm inputinterfaces, one alarm output interface, and one orderwire interface.

Line Unit

The line unit can access two STM-1/STM-4 signals for serial/parallel conversion, clockextraction, data restoration, overhead processing, and alarm monitoring and reporting. The lineunit also supports the signal inloop and outloop, MSP, and ALS functions.

E1/T1 Service Processing Unit

The E1/T1 tributary unit supports the access of 21xE1/T1 services. It includes the followingmodules: E1/T1 interface circuit, coding/decoding, frame header insertion/extraction, mapping/demapping, and logical control modules.



56

Ethernet Service Processing UnitThe Ethernet service unit supports the access of 8x10M/100M Ethernet service signals.

Power ModuleThe power module feeds DC power with the required voltage to all modules of the board.

4.6.4 Front PanelThe front panel of the ISU board has the indicators, interfaces, barcode, and laser safety classlabel.

Front Panel DiagramFigure 4-12 considers the TNH1ISUA board as an example to show the appearance of the frontpanel of the ISU board.

Figure 4-12 Front panel of the ISU board1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

ISU

TX1/RX1 TX2/RX2

CLASS 1LASER

PRODUCT

ISU

SYNC/PHONE F2/COM ALARM ETHERNET

RU

NA

LMLO

S1

LOS

2

RST 1 4 5 8

Table 4-25 Description of the front panel of the ISU board

No. Silkscreen Description

1 RST Resetting button. You can perform a warmreset on the ISU board by pressing this button.

2 SYNC/PHONE l One 120-ohm external clock input/outputinterface, which can be used for DCCtransparent transmission.

l One orderwire phone interface.

3 F2/COM One F2 transparent data interface,commissioning serial interface, and X.25interface.

4 ALARM Three alarm input interfaces and one alarmoutput interface.

5 ETHERNET NM interface.

6 1-4 First to fourth FE interface.

7 5-8 Fifth to eighth FE interface.

8 TX1/RX1, TX2/RX2 Two STM-1 or STM-4 optical interfaces.

9 1-21 21xE1/T1 interfaces, Anea 96 connector, 75-ohm/120-ohm/100-ohm.



57


l Running status indicator (RUN), which is green when it is onl Alarm indicator (ALM), which is red when it is onl Optical interface 1 LOS signal indicator (LOS1), which is red when it is onl Optical interface 2 LOS signal indicator (LOS1), which is red when it is on


InterfacesFigure 4-13 shows the front view of the management and auxiliary interfaces of the ISU board.Table 4-26 provides the description of the interfaces.

Figure 4-13 Front view of the RJ-45 interface

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Table 4-26 Description of the management and auxiliary interfaces of the ISU board

Interface Pin No. Function

SYNC/PHONE 1 GND

2 3.3 V

3 Input of the external clock

4 Orderwire signal 1

5 Orderwire signal 2

6 Input of the external clock

7 Output of the external clock

8 Output of the external clock

F2/COM 1 DTR signal of the modem

2 Data receiving over the broadcasttransparent data interface

3 Data transmission over the broadcasttransparent data interface



58


4 Signal ground

5 Data receiving over the X.25 interface

6 Data transmission over the X.25 interface

7 Data receiving over the commissioningserial interface

8 Data transmission over thecommissioning serial interface

ALARM 1 Alarm input 1 (+)

2 Alarm input 1 (-)

3 Alarm input 2 (+)

4 Alarm input 2 (-)

5 Alarm input 3 (+)

6 Alarm input 3 (-)

7 Alarm output 1 (+)

8 Alarm output 1 (-)

ETHERNET 1 Output of the differential signal (+)

2 Output of the differential signal output (-)

3 Input of the differential signal (+)

6 Input of the differential signal (-)

4, 5, 7, and 8 Undefined

Figure 4-13 shows the front view of the Ethernet interface of the ISU board. Table 4-27 providesthe description of the Ethernet interfaces.

Table 4-27 Description of the Ethernet interface of the ISU board


1-4 and 5-8 1 Transmission (+)

2 Transmission (-)

3 Receiving (+)

4 Grounding

5 Grounding



59


6 Receiving (-)

7 Grounding

8 Grounding

Table 4-28 provides the description of the optical interfaces of the ISU board.

Table 4-28 Description of the optical interfaces of the ISU board


TX1/RX1 LC Used to input/output 1xSTM-1/STM-4 opticalsignal.

TX2/RX2 LC Used to input/output 2xSTM-1/STM-4 opticalsignals.

Table 4-29 provides the description of the E1/T1 interfaces of the ISU board.

Table 4-29 Description of the E1/T1 interfaces of the ISU board


1-21 Anea 96 Receives and transmits E1/T1 signals overchannel 1 to channel 21.

4.6.5 Valid SlotsThe ISU board can be installed only in slot 2 (namely, the ISU slot).

4.6.6 References for Board ConfigurationThe parameters of the ISU board can be set on the T2000.

Table 4-30 provides the main parameters that need to be set during the configuration of the ISUboard.



60

Table 4-30 Main parameters for configuring the ISU board

Parameter Description

Clock source priority The OptiX OSN 500 can be configured with the external clocksource, line clock source, tributary clock source, and internal clocksource. The priority levels of the clock sources are determinedaccording to the actual networking mode.

Revertive mode of theclock source

Automatic revertive/Non-automatic revertive

Clock ID 1-15

Broadcast datainterface

Setting one broadcast data source and broadcast data sink for anyone of serial1-serial4

Input voltage Setting the normal voltage, overvoltage, and undervoltage of thetwo power supplies

4.6.7 Technical SpecificationsThe specifications of the ISU board contain the specifications of the optical interfaces,specifications of the PDH electrical interfaces, specifications of the Ethernet services, and thedimensions, weight, and power consumption of the boards.

Specifications of the Optical Interfaces

Table 4-31 provides the description of the STM-4 optical interface of the ISU board.

Table 4-31 Specifications of the STM-4 optical interface on the ISU board

Item Value

Rate 622080 kbit/s

Type of the connector S-4.1 L-4.1


1274 to 1356 1280 to 1335


-15 to -8 -3 to +2


8.2 10


-28 -28


-8 -8



61

Table 4-32 provides the description of the STM-1 optical interface of the ISU board.

Table 4-32 Specifications of the STM-1 optical interface on the ISU board

Item Value

Rate 155520 kbit/s

Type of the connector S-1.1 L-1.1


1261 to 1360 1263 to 1360


-15 to -8 -5 to 0


8.2 10


-28 -34


-8 -10

Specifications of the PDH Electrical InterfacesTable 4-33 provides the description of the E1/T1 interface of the ISU board.

Table 4-33 Specifications of the E1/T1 Interfaces

Item Value

Rate 1544 kbit/s 2048 kbit/s

Access capacity 21xT1 21xE1

Code pattern B8ZS, AMI HDB3

Connector Anea96

Interface impedance 100 ohms 75 ohms/120 ohms

Bit rate at the outputinterface

In compliance with ITU-T G.703

Permitted frequencydeviation at the inputinterface

Permitted attenuation at theinput interface

Input jitter tolerance In compliance with ITU-TG.824

In compliance with ITU-T G.823



62

Specifications of the Ethernet ServicesTable 4-34 provides the description of the Ethernet service interface of the ISU board.

Table 4-34 Specifications of the 10M/100M Ethernet services

Item Value

Type of the Connector 10/100BASE-T(X)

Rate 10 Mbit/s, 100 Mbit/s

Code pattern Manchester Encoding signal (10 Mbit/s) orMLT-3 encoding signal (100 Mbit/s)

Connector RJ-45

Standard for the interface In compliance with IEEE 802.3u

Laser Safety ClassThe safety class of the laser on the board is Class 1. The maximum output optical power of theoptical interfaces is lower than 10 dBm (10 mW).

Mechanical SpecificationsThe mechanical specifications of the ISU board are as follows:


Power ConsumptionAt the normal temperature (25°C), the maximum power consumption of the ISU board is 21.3W.



63

5 Protection

About This Chapter

The OptiX OSN 500 supports equipment level protection and network level protection.

5.1 Equipment Level ProtectionThe OptiX OSN 500 supports 1+1 equipment level protection for the input power.

5.2 Network Level ProtectionThe OptiX OSN 500 supports network level protection modes, including MSP, SNCP, and fiber-shared virtual trail protection.

OptiX OSN 500 STM-1/STM-4 Multi-Service CPE OpticalTransmission SystemProduct Description 5 Protection


64

5.1 Equipment Level ProtectionThe OptiX OSN 500 supports 1+1 equipment level protection for the input power.

The PIU board of the OptiX OSN 500 can access two -48 V/-60 V DC power supplies at thesame time. The two power supplies function as backup for each other. When one power supplyfails, the other power supply still works normally.

5.2 Network Level ProtectionThe OptiX OSN 500 supports network level protection modes, including MSP, SNCP, and fiber-shared virtual trail protection.

5.2.1 MSPThe OptiX OSN 500 supports 1+1 MSP, 1:N (N≤5)MSP, two-fiber unidirectional MSP ring,and two-fiber bidirectional MSP ring.

Linear MSP

The linear MSP is mainly used in a chain network. The OptiX OSN 500 supports a maximumof three 1+1 or 1:N (N≤5) linear MSPs, of which the switching time is not longer than 50 ms,as specified in ITU-T G.841.

Table 5-1 provides the parameters of linear MSP.

Table 5-1 Parameters of linear MSP

ProtectionType

Revertive Mode

SwitchingProtocol

SwitchingTime

DefaultWTR Time

Switching Conditions(Any ConditionTriggers theSwitching.)

1+1single-endedswitching

Non-revertive

Notrequired

Less than50 ms

- l R_LOSl R_LOFl MS_AISl B2_EXCl B2_SD (optional)l Forced switchingl Manual switchingl Exercise switchingl Lockout of protection

switchinga

1+1single-endedswitching

Revertive Notrequired

Less than50 ms

600s

1+1dual-endedswitching

Non-revertive

APSprotocol

Less than50 ms

-



65

ProtectionType

Revertive Mode

SwitchingProtocol

SwitchingTime

DefaultWTR Time


1+1dual-endedswitching

Revertive APSprotocol

Less than50 ms

600s

1:Ndual-endedswitching


Less than50 ms

600s

NOTE

In the case of lockout of protection switching, all the services (including the normal services and extraservices) are locked on the working channel. If the services are already switched to the protection channel,this command forcibly restores the services to the working channel, even if the working channel is notrestored to normal. Hence, the services are not switched after the protection lockout command is issued,if the current services run on the working channel.

Ring MSPThe OptiX OSN 500 supports the following ring MSP modes:

l STM-1 two-fiber unidirectional MSPl STM-4 two-fiber unidirectional/bidirectional MSP

The OptiX OSN 500 supports two-fiber MS shared protection ring, of which the switching timeis less than 50 ms, as specified in ITU-T G.841.

Table 5-2 provides the maximum number of STM-1/STM-4 MSP rings supported by the OptiXOSN 500.

Table 5-2 Maximum number of MSP rings supported by the OptiX OSN 500

Protection Mode Maximum Number of MSP Rings

STM-1 two-fiber MSP ring Three

STM-4 two-fiber MSP ring One

Table 5-3 provides the parameters of MSP ring.



66

Table 5-3 Parameters of MSP ring

ProtectionType

Revertive Mode

SwitchingProtocol

SwitchingTime

DefaultWTR Time


Two-fiberbidirectionalMSP


Less than 50ms

600s l R_LOSl R_LOFl MS_AISl B2_EXCl B2_SD (optional)l Forced switchingl Manual switchingl Exercise switchingl Lockout of protection

switchinga

Two-fiberunidirectionalMSP


Less than 50ms

600s

NOTE

In the case of lockout of protection switching, all the services (including the normal services and extraservices) are locked on the working channel. If the services are already switched to the protection channel,this command forcibly restores the services to the working channel, even if the working channel is notrestored to normal. Hence, the services are not switched after the protection lockout command is issued,if the current services run on the working channel.

5.2.2 SNCPThe OptiX OSN 500 supports 512 VC-12 SNCP protection groups.

The OptiX OSN 500 supports VC-12, VC-3, and VC-4 SNCP, of which the protection featuresmeet the requirements as specified in ITU-T G.841. That is, the switching time is less than 50ms even if more than one service switching events occur at the same time.

Table 5-4 provides the SNCP parameters.

Table 5-4 SNCP parameters

Protection Type

Revertive Mode

Switching Time

DefaultWTRTime

Switching Conditions (AnyCondition Triggers theSwitching.)

SNCP Revertive Less than50 ms

600s l R_LOSl R_LOFl AU_LOPl TU_LOPl MS_AISl AU_AISl TU_AIS



67

Protection Type

Revertive Mode

Switching Time

DefaultWTRTime

Switching Conditions (AnyCondition Triggers theSwitching.)

Non-revertive

Less than50 ms

- l HP_UNEQ (optional)l HP_TIM (optional)l B2_EXCl B3_EXC (optional)l B3_SD (optional)l BIP_EXC (optional)l BIP_SD (optional)l LP_UNEQ (optional)

5.2.3 Fiber-Shared Virtual Trail ProtectionIn the fiber-shared virtual trail protection mode, the STM-1/STM-4 optical path is logicallydivided into multiple lower order or higher order paths, and different protection modes (forexample, MSP, SNCP, and non-protection) are set for the path-level loops.

As shown in Figure 5-1, an STM-4 optical path can be logically divided into two configurations,of which two VC-4 higher order paths is configured with MSP and the other two VC-4 pathsare configured as lower order paths and with SNCP. During this process, the fiber-shared virtualtrail protection is implemented.

NOTE

The optical paths on the shared fiber can be configured with any combination of MSP and SNCP but cannotbe configured with MSP at the same time, because one optical path can provide only one K-byte pair.



68

Figure 5-1 Fiber-shared virtual trail protection

STM-4

SNCP/MSP

MSTP



69

6 Ethernet Features

About This Chapter

The Ethernet features are described in the following aspects: service application, serviceprotection, and maintenance.

6.1 ApplicationThe OptiX OSN 500 has the Ethernet access function integrated on the SDH transmissionplatform. Hence, it can transmit both voice services and data services.

6.2 ProtectionThe OptiX OSN 500 provides LCAS, STP, RSTP, and LPT protection for the Ethernet services.

6.3 MaintenanceThe OptiX OSN 500 provides various Ethernet operating and maintenance functions.

OptiX OSN 500 STM-1/STM-4 Multi-Service CPE OpticalTransmission SystemProduct Description 6 Ethernet Features


70

6.1 ApplicationThe OptiX OSN 500 has the Ethernet access function integrated on the SDH transmissionplatform. Hence, it can transmit both voice services and data services.

The OptiX OSN 500 supports the following services:

l EPL servicesl EVPL servicesl EPLAN servicesl EVPLAN services

EPL serviceThe EPL service realizes the point-to-point transparent transmission of the Ethernet service. Asshown in Figure 6-1, the Ethernet services of different NEs are transmitted to the destinationnodes in their respective VCTRUNKs. Thus, secure and reliable data transmission isimplemented. In addition, the Ethernet services are protected by the SDH self-healing ring(SHR).

Figure 6-1 EPL service based on port

Headquarters ofcompany A

NE 1 NE 2

Marketing department ofcompany A

Technical supportdepartment of

company A

OptiX OSN equipment Enterprise user

PORT1

PORT2

VLAN100

PORT1

VLAN100VLAN200 VLAN200

VCTRUNK1

VCTRUNK2

EVPL serviceThe OptiX OSN 500 supports EVPL services in the following two modes:

l EVPL service based on shared port. In this mode, the services are isolated by using theVLAN, and the bandwidth is shared.

As shown in Figure 6-2, traffic classification is performed on the services by using the VLANID. In this mode, services of different departments in company A are isolated, and the twoservices are transmitted in their respective VCTRUNKs.



71

Figure 6-2 EVPL service based on shared port

Headquarters ofcompany A

NE 1 NE 2

Marketing department ofcompany A

Technical supportdepartment of

company A

OptiX OSN equipment Enterprise user

PORT1

PORT2

VLAN100

PORT1

VLAN100VLAN200 VLAN200

VCTRUNK1

VCTRUNK2

l EVPL service based on shared VCTRUNK. In this mode, the OptiX OSN 500 uses the

following two methods for converging and isolating EVPL services:– Based on the VLAN ID, as shown in Figure 6-3.– Based on the QinQ, as shown in Figure 6-4.

Figure 6-3 EVPL services based on the VLAN IDs

VCTRUNK

A A'

NE 1 NE 2

B

communityBroadband

Internetcafe

OptiX OSNequipment

VLAN100VLAN200

VLAN100

VLAN200

1 PORT2PORT PORT1PORT2

B'

Figure 6-4 EVPL services based on the QinQ

Branch1

NE 1 NE 2

Company A OptiX OSN equipment

Branch 2

Marketingdepartment

Technical supportdepartment

Marketingdepartment

Technical supportdepartment

VCTRUNK1

PORT2

PORT1PORT1

PORT2

`

C-Aware S-AwareStripping a tag

S-Aware C-AwareAdding a tag



72

EPLAN serviceThe EPLAN service realizes the multipoint dynamic sharing. That is, the OptiX OSN 500 usesthe virtual bridge (VB) to realize the Layer 2 switching of the Ethernet data.

Each board in the system has one VB, and each VB has one MAC address table. This MACaddress table is periodically updated through the self-learning function of the system. Theaccessed data can be transmitted in different VCTRUNKs according to MAC address, as shownin Figure 6-5.

Figure 6-5 EPLAN service

Branch 1

NE 1 NE 2


Branch 2

NE3Branch 3

Access point

Port 1

Port1

Port 1

VCTRUNK1

VCTRUNK2

VCTRUNK1

PORT1

VCTRUNK1

PORT1PORT1 VB

VB

VB

EVPLAN serviceThe EVPLAN service realizes the dynamic bandwidth sharing of multipoint services, and canisolate different services that have the same VLAN ID. If two data services that have the sameVLAN ID need to be accessed to one node and the bandwidth needs to be dynamically shared,the EVPLAN is used.

The OptiX OSN 500 uses the following two methods for transmitting the EVPLAN services:

l Based on the QinQ, as shown in Figure 6-6.l Based on the VLAN ID, as shown in Figure 6-7.



73

Figure 6-6 EVPLAN services based on the QinQ

NE 1 NE 2


Branch 2

NE3Branch3

Access point

PORT1

PORT 1

PORT1LSP

Branch3

Branch 2

PORT2

PORT2

PORT2

VCTRUNK1

PORT1PORT2

VCTRUNK2

Branch 1

VCTRUNK2

VCTRUNK1

Company B

LSP LSP PORT1PORT2

VCTR

UN

K1

POR

T1PO

RT2 VC

TRU

NK2

C-Aware S-Aware

C-Aware

S-Aware

C-Aware

S-Aware

VB

VB

VB

Branch 1

Figure 6-7 EVPLAN services based on the VLAN

NE 1 NE 2


Branch 2

NE3Branch 3

Access point

PORT 1

PORT1

PORT1LSP

Branch3

PORT2

VCTRUNK1

PORT1

PORT2

Branch 1

Company B

LSP LSP

VLAN1

VLAN2VB

Branch 1

VCTRUNK1

PORT1

VLAN1

VB

VCTRUNK1

PORT1

VLAN2

VB

6.2 ProtectionThe OptiX OSN 500 provides LCAS, STP, RSTP, and LPT protection for the Ethernet services.



74

LCAS

LCAS provides a fault-tolerant scheme, which implements protection and restoration of thefailed members. The main functions of LCAS are as follows:

l When LCAS is applied in the virtual concatenation (VC) technology, LCAS enables theconfiguration of system capacity, the increase and decrease of the concatenated VCquantity, and the dynamic change of bearer bandwidth (services are not damaged duringthe dynamic change).

l LCAS implements protection and restoration of the failed members.

As shown in Figure 6-8, LCAS can dynamically add or delete members to increase or decreasethe bandwidth. Services are not interrupted during such bandwidth adjustment. LCAS can alsodelete members to dynamically decrease the bandwidth.

Figure 6-8 Dynamic bandwidth adjustment by using LCAS

Branch

Adding a 10 Mbit/sbandwidth

Headquarters

MSTP network

Member

Member

Branch Headquarters

MSTP

Member

Member

New member

As shown in Figure 6-9, LCAS implements the protection of the Ethernet service. When certainmembers fail, the failed members are automatically deleted, whereas the other members continueto transmit the data normally. When the failed members are available again, they areautomatically restored, and the data is loaded to these members again.



75

Figure 6-9 VC group protection by using LCAS

Branch Headquarters

MSTP network

Member

Member

Branch Headqarters

MSTP

Member

Member

Failed member

Deleting the failed member

STP/RSTP

The Ethernet boards support the spanning tree protocol (STP) and the rapid spanning treeprotocol (RSTP). When the STP or the RSTP is started, it logically modifies the networktopology to prevent a broadcast storm. The STP or the RSTP realizes link protection byrestructuring the topology.

LPT

LPT is a link-based protection scheme. In a network, when the active and standby ports betweenrouters belong to different links, the LPT function is available for protection. When the workinglink becomes faulty, the LPT function shuts down the local port to notify the opposite routerthat the working link is abnormal. As a result, services are switched from the active port to thestandby port and are thus protected.

6.3 MaintenanceThe OptiX OSN 500 provides various Ethernet operating and maintenance functions.



76

6.3.1 ETH-OAMThe Ethernet board of the OptiX OSN 500 supports the ETH-OAM function, which implementsautomatic fault detection, fault location, and fault isolation.

As a protocol based on the MAC layer, the ETH-OAM checks the Ethernet link by sending OAMprotocol packets. The ETH-OAM function enhances the method of performing Ethernet Layer2 maintenance. It can be implemented to verify service connectivity, commission deploymentservices, and locate network faults.

6.3.2 Test FrameThe OptiX OSN 500 supports Ethernet test frames.

Test frames are used to test whether the inter-NE Ethernet service is normal and to locate thefaulty node. In addition, test frames can be used to query the information on the opposite NE,including the NE ID, NE name, port number, and VCTRUNK ID.

The transmission network includes the access network and service network, which are used toaccess the services and transmit the services, respectively. When you commission the Ethernetservice during the deployment or locate a fault in the Ethernet service, you can send test framesto test the connectivity of the SDH link in the service network. The bandwidth used fortransmitting the test frames is low and thus can be ignored. The transmission mode and quantityof the test frames to be transmitted can be set.

As shown in Figure 6-10, when the Ethernet service between Router 1 and Router 2 isunavailable, you can locate a fault in the Ethernet service by sending test frames betweenneighboring nodes. The process of the test frame transmission is as follows:

1. The VCTRUNK port on the data board of NE1 sends the test frame to the VCTRUNK porton the data board of NE2.

2. NE2 sends the response packet to NE1, after receiving the test frame.3. NE1 calculates the received and transmitted test frame packets. The client determines

whether the service network is normal according to the number of the transmitted andreceived packets.

l In the case of a bidirectional service, the service network is considered normal if the transmitend of the test frame received the response packet.

l In the case of a unidirectional service, the service network is considered normal if thereceive end of the test frame received the test frame.



77

Figure 6-10 Test frame function

OptiX NE

MAC VCTRUNK

Board

MAC

Board

Access network Service network Access network

NE1 NE2

VCTRUNK

Test frame

Response frame

Router 1 Router 2

6.3.3 RMONThe OptiX OSN 500 supports Ethernet data statistics by using RMON.

RMON can implement the calculation of the ports, configuration and query of the controlinformation, and analysis of the performance of the connected Ethernet section. In addition,RMON provides a flexible performance and alarm scheme to notify the T2000 of the change inthe network performance, thus facilitating the network management.

As shown in Figure 6-11, NE A, NE B, NE C, NE D, and NE E form a network. NE E needsto monitor the Ethernet services of NE A.

Figure 6-11 Application of RMON in a network

NE A

NE B NE C NE D

NE E

Ethernet port

Ethernet port

An Ethernet service exists between the target nodes NE A and NE E. The RMON function isenabled to implement the remote monitoring between NE A and NE E. You can learn theperformance events and alarms of the services on the Ethernet board of the transmit node (NEA) by querying the RMON performance of the corresponding Ethernet service board of NE E.RMON implements the monitoring of the following four groups:



78

l Statistics group: current performance, that is, the absolute value of the performance duringthe network operation until the current moment

l History group: records the periodic statistics samples in the past period of time.l History control group: Controls the manner of obtaining the data of the history group.l Alarm group: Sets and monitors alarms of the statistics group.



79

7 Technical Specifications

About This Chapter

The technical specifications of the OptiX OSN 500 include the specifications for the integratedequipment, specifications for the system performance, and specifications for the boards.

7.1 Specifications for the Integrated EquipmentThe specifications for the integrated equipment contain the dimensions and weight of the chassis.

7.2 Power Consumption and Weight of BoardsThe weight and power consumption of the boards are the key hardware specifications.

7.3 Specifications for the Clock PortsThe specifications for the clock interfaces and the synchronization performance of the OptiXOSN 500 comply with the related ITU-T standards.

7.4 Predicted ReliabilityPredicted reliability of the OptiX OSN 500 include the system availability, system mean annualfailure rate, MTTR system mean repair time, and MTBF system mean fault interval.

7.5 EMC Performance SpecificationsThe OptiX OSN 500 is designed in accordance with the ETS300 300,386 series and ETS 300,127standards stipulated by the European Telecommunications Standard Institute (ETSI), and haspassed EMC-related tests.

7.6 Safety CertificationThe OptiX OSN 500 has received several safety certificates.

7.7 Environment RequirementThe OptiX OSN 500 requires proper environment for storage, transportation, and operation.

OptiX OSN 500 STM-1/STM-4 Multi-Service CPE OpticalTransmission SystemProduct Description 7 Technical Specifications


80

7.1 Specifications for the Integrated EquipmentThe specifications for the integrated equipment contain the dimensions and weight of the chassis.

Table 7-1 provides the weight, dimensions, and power consumption of the OptiX OSN 500.

Table 7-1 Weight, dimensions, and power consumption of the OptiX OSN 500

Equipment PowerConsumption

Weight Dimensions

OptiX OSN 500 About 46 W(fullconfiguration)

About 4 kg (fullconfiguration)

442 mm (width) x 220 mm (depth)x 44 mm (height) (that is, 1U)

7.2 Power Consumption and Weight of BoardsThe weight and power consumption of the boards are the key hardware specifications.

Table 7-2 provides the power consumption and weight of each board on the OptiX OSN 500.

Table 7-2 Power consumption and weight of the boards on the OptiX OSN 500

Board Power Consumption (W) Weight (kg)

ISU 21.3 1.12

SL1D 4.12 0.3

SP3D 11.5 0.85

PL3T 4.2 0.3

EGT19 9 0.6

EFS8 12 0.65

7.3 Specifications for the Clock PortsThe specifications for the clock interfaces and the synchronization performance of the OptiXOSN 500 comply with the related ITU-T standards.

Types of the Clock Ports

The OptiX OSN 500 provides external clock input/output interfaces. Table 7-3 provides thefeatures of the clocks.



81

Table 7-3 Clock features of the OptiX OSN 500

Clock Type Feature Description

Externalsynchronizationsource

One 120-ohm 2048 kbit/s (G.703) or 2048 kHz (G.703) clock input

Synchronousoutput

One 120-ohm 2048 kbit/s (G.703) or 2048 kHz (G.703) clock output

Timing and Synchronization PerformanceThe timing and synchronization performance of the OptiX OSN 500 complies with ITU-T G.813. Table 7-4 provides the timing and synchronization performance.

Table 7-4 Timing and synchronization performance of the clock of the OptiX OSN 500

Output Jitter Output Frequency of theInternal Oscillator in Free-RunMode

Long-Term Phase Variation(Trace Mode)

Compliant withITU-T G.813

Compliant with ITU-T G.813 Compliant with ITU-T G.813

7.4 Predicted ReliabilityPredicted reliability of the OptiX OSN 500 include the system availability, system mean annualfailure rate, MTTR system mean repair time, and MTBF system mean fault interval.

Table 7-5 Equipment Reliability

SystemAvailability

Mean AnnualRepair and ReturnRate

MTTR (h) MTBF (y)

99.99964% 1.71% 2 63.57

7.5 EMC Performance SpecificationsThe OptiX OSN 500 is designed in accordance with the ETS300 300,386 series and ETS 300,127standards stipulated by the European Telecommunications Standard Institute (ETSI), and haspassed EMC-related tests.

7.6 Safety CertificationThe OptiX OSN 500 has received several safety certificates.



82

The OptiX OSN 500 has passed the safety certification as listed in Table 7-6.

Table 7-6 Safety certification that the OptiX OSN 500 has passed

Certification Item Certification Standard

Electromagneticcompatibility (EMC)

CISPR22 Class ACISPR24EN55022 Class AEN50024ETSI EN 300 386 Class AGB9254 Class A

Safety IEC 60950-1EN 60950-1GB4943

Laser safety IEC60825-1IEC60825-2

Health ICNIRP Guideline1999-519-ECEN 50385OET Bulletin 65IEEE Std C95.1

Environment protection RoHS

7.7 Environment RequirementThe OptiX OSN 500 requires proper environment for storage, transportation, and operation.

7.7.1 Environment for StorageThe OptiX OSN 500 requires proper environment for storage.

Climate

Table 7-7 provides the climate requirements for storing the OptiX OSN 500.

Table 7-7 Climate requirements for storage

Item Scope

Altitude ≤ 4,000 m

Air pressure 70 kPa to 106 kPa



83

Item Scope

Temperature -40°C to +70°C

Temperature change rate ≤ 1°C/min

Relative humidity 5%-100%

Solar radiation ≤ 1120 W/s2

Heat radiation ≤ 600 W/s2

Wind speed ≤ 30 m/s

Waterproof Requirement

Requirement for storing equipment at the customer site: Generally, the equipment must be storedindoors.

There should be no water on the floor where the equipment carton is placed. The equipmentshould be placed away from places where there is a possibility of water leakage, such as nearthe automatic fire-fighting facilities and heating facilities.

If the equipment is stored outdoors, the following four conditions must be met:

l The carton must be intact.

l Measures must be taken in the case of rain to prevent water from entering the carton.

l There should be no water on the ground where the carton is placed.

l The carton must not be exposed to direct sunlight.

Biological Environmentl Take measures to prevent the growth of microbes, such as eumycete and mycete.

l Take anti-rodent measures.

Air Cleannessl The air must not contain any inflammable, electric-conductive, magnetic-conductive, or

corrosive dust particles.

l Table 7-8 lists the density requirements for mechanical active substances during storage.

Table 7-8 Density requirements for mechanical active substances during storage

Mechanical Active Substance Content

Suspending dust ≤ 5.00 mg/m3

Precipitable dust ≤ 20.0 mg/m2.h

Gravel ≤ 300 mg/m3



84

l Table 7-9 provides the density requirements for chemical active substances during storage.

Table 7-9 Density requirements for chemical active substances during storage

Chemical Active Substance Content

SO2 ≤ 0.30 mg/m3

H2S ≤ 0.10 mg/m3

NO2 ≤ 0.50 mg/m3

NH3 ≤ 1.00 mg/m3

Cl2 ≤ 0.10 mg/m3

HCl ≤ 0.10 mg/m3

HF ≤ 0.01 mg/m3

O3 ≤ 0.05 mg/m3

Mechanical StressTable 7-10 provides the requirements for mechanical stress during storage.

Table 7-10 Requirements for mechanical stress during storage

Item Sub-Item Scope

Random vibration Acceleration spectraldensity

- 0.02 m2/s3 -

Frequency range 5 Hz to 20 Hz 10 Hz to 50Hz

50 Hz to 100Hz

dB/oct +12 - -12

7.7.2 Environment for TransportationThe OptiX OSN 500 requires proper environment for transportation.

ClimateTable 7-11 provides climate requirements for transportation.

Table 7-11 Climate requirements for transportation

Item Scope




85

Item Scope


Temperature -40°C to +70°C

Temperature change rate ≤ 1°C/min

Relative humidity 5% to 100%




Waterproof Requirement

The following conditions are required for transportation:

l The carton must be intact.

l Take rainproof measures to prevent water from entering the carton.

l There should be no water in the transportation tool.

Biological Environmentl Prevent reproduction of microbe, such as eumycete and mycete.

l Take anti-rodent measures.

Air Cleannessl The air must be free from explosive, electric-conductive, magnetic-conductive or corrosive

dust.

l Table 7-12 provides the density requirements for mechanical active substances duringtransportation.

Table 7-12 Density requirements for mechanical active substances during transportation

Mechanical Active Substance Content

Suspending dust No requirement


Gravel ≤ 100 mg/m3

l Table 7-13 provides the density requirements for chemical active substances duringtransportation.



86

Table 7-13 Density requirements for chemical active substances during transportation


SO2 ≤ 1.00 mg/m3

H2S ≤ 0.50 mg/m3

NOX ≤ 1.00 mg/m3

NH3 ≤ 3.00 mg/m3

Cl2 -

HCl ≤ 0.50 mg/m3

HF ≤ 0.03 mg/m3

O3 ≤ 0.10 mg/m3

Mechanical Stress

Table 7-14 provides the requirements for mechanical stress during transportation.

Table 7-14 Requirements of mechanical stress for transportation

Item Sub-Item Scope

Randomvibration

Accelerationspectral density

1 m2/s3 -3 dBA

Frequency range 5 Hz to 20 Hz 20 Hz to 200 Hz

Impact Impact responsespectrum I (sampleweight > 50 kg)

100 m/s2, 11 ms, 100 times on each surface

Impact responsespectrum II (sampleweight > 50 kg)

180 m/s2, 60 ms, 100 times on each surface

Fall-off Weight (kg) Height (m)

< 10 1.0

< 15 1.0

< 20 0.8

< 30 0.6

< 40 0.5

< 50 0.4

< 100 0.3



87

Item Sub-Item Scope

> 100 0.1

NOTEImpact response spectrum is the maximum acceleration response curve generated by the equipmentthat is spurred by a specified impact. Static load is the pressure from the top, which the equipmentwith the package can endure when the equipment is placed in a specific manner.

7.7.3 Environment for OperationThe OptiX OSN 500 requires proper environment for operation.

ClimateTable 7-15 and Table 7-16 provide the climate requirements for operation of the OptiX OSN500.

Table 7-15 Requirements for temperature and humidity

Working Temperature Relative Humidity

l Natural heat dissipation chassis: 0°C to45°C

l Air-cooled chassis: 0°C to 60°C

5%-95%

NOTEThe temperature and humidity values are tested in the place 1.5 m above the floor and 0.4 m in front ofthe equipment.

Table 7-16 Other climate requirements

Item Scope



Temperature change rate ≤ 30°C/h




Biological Environmentl Prevent reproduction of microbe, such as eumycete and mycete.l Take anti-rodent measures.



88

Air Cleannessl The air must be free from explosive, electric-conductive, magnetic-conductive or corrosive

dust.l Table 7-17 provides the density requirements for mechanical active substances during

operation.

Table 7-17 Density requirements for mechanical active substances during operation

Mechanical ActiveSubstance

Content

Dust particle ≤ 3x105 particles/m3

Suspending dust ≤ 0.2 mg/m3


Gravel ≤ 20 mg/m3

l Table 7-18 provides the density requirements for chemical active substances duringoperation.

Table 7-18 Density requirements for chemical active substances during operation


SO2 ≤ 0.30 mg/m3

H2S ≤ 0.10 mg/m3

NH3 ≤ 1.00 mg/m3

Cl2 ≤ 0.10 mg/m3

HCl ≤ 0.10 mg/m3

HF ≤ 0.01 mg/m3

O3 ≤ 0.05 mg/m3

NOX ≤ 0.50 mg/m3

Mechanical StressTable 7-19 provides the requirements for mechanical stress during operation.



89

Table 7-19 Requirements for mechanical stress during operation

Item Sub-Item Scope

Sinusoidalvibration

Velocity ≤ 5 mm/s -

Acceleration - ≤ 2 m/s2

Frequency range 5 Hz to 62 Hz 62 Hz to 200 Hz

Unsteady stateimpact

Impulse responsespectrum II

Half-sin wave, 30 m/s2, 11 ms, three timeson each surface

Static load 0 kPa

NOTEImpact response spectrum is the maximum acceleration response curve generated by the equipment thatis spurred by a specified impact. Static load is the pressure from the top, which the equipment with thepackage can endure when the equipment is placed in a specific manner.



90

8 Compliant Standards

This topic describes the standards with which the OptiX OSN 500 complies.

ITU-T Recommendations

Table 8-1 ITU-T recommendations

Recommendation Description

G0.652 Characteristics of a single-mode optical fiber cable.

G0.655 Characteristics of a non-zero dispersion-shifted single-mode opticalfiber and cable.

G0.661 Definition and test methods for the relevant generic parameters ofoptical fiber amplifiers.

G0.662 Generic characteristics of optical fiber amplifier devices and sub-systems.

G0.663 Application related aspects of optical fiber amplifier devices and sub-systems.

G0.671 Transmission characteristics of optical components and subsystems.

G0.692 Optical interfaces for multichannel systems with optical amplifiers.

G0.702 Digital hierarchy bit rates.

G0.703 Physical/electrical characteristic of hierarchical digital interfaces.

G0.704 Synchronous frame structures used at 1544, 6312, 2048, 8448 and44736kbit/s hierarchical levels.

G0.7041 Generic framing procedure (GFP).

G0.7042 Link capacity adjustment scheme (LCAS).

G0.707 Network node interface for the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH).

G0.709 Interfaces for the Optical Transport Network (OTN).

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Recommendation Description

G.774 1-5 Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) management informationmodel for the network element view.

G0.775 Loss of signal (LOS) and alarm indication signal (AIS) defectdetection and clearance criteria.

G0.783 Characteristics of Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) equipmentfunctional blocks.

G0.784 Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) management.

G0.803 Architectures of transport networks based on the Synchronous DigitalHierarchy (SDH).

G0.811 Timing characteristics of primary reference clocks.

G0.812 Timing requirements of slave clocks suitable for use as node clocksin synchronization networks.

G0.813 Timing characteristics of SDH equipment slave clocks (SEC).

G0.823 The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which arebased on the 2048kbit/s hierarchy.

G0.825 The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which arebased on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH).

G0.826 Error performance parameters and objectives for international,constant bit rate digital paths at or above the primary rate.

G0.831 Management capabilities of transport networks based on theSynchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH).

G0.841 Types and characteristics of SDH network protection architectures.

G0.842 Cooperation of the SDH network protection structures.

G0.957 Optical interfaces of equipments and systems relating to thesynchronous digital hierarchy.

G0.958 Digital line systems based on the synchronous digital hierarchy foruse on optical fiber cables.

M.3010 Principles for a telecommunication management network.

X.86/Y.1323 Ethernet over LAPS

IEEE Standards

Table 8-2 IEEE standards

Standard Description

IEEE 802.17 Resilient packet ring access method and physical layer specifications



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IEEE 802.1ad Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks — Amendment 4: ProviderBridges

IEEE 802.1ag Connectivity Fault Management

IEEE 802.1d Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges

IEEE 802.1q Virtual bridged local area networks

IEEE 802.3 Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD)access method and physical layer specification

IEEE 802.3ad Aggregation of multiple link segments

IEEE 802.3ah Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD)access method and physical layer specificationAmendment: media access control parameters, physical layers, andmanagement parameters for subscriber access networks

IEEE 802.3u Media access control (MAC) parameters, physical Layer, mediumattachment units, and repeater for 100 Mb/s operation, type 100Base-T

IEEE 802.3x Standards for local and metropolitan area networks: specification for802.3 full duplex operation

IEEE 802.3z Media access control (MAC) parameters, physical Layer, repeater andmanagement parameters for 1000 Mb/s operation

IETF Standards

Table 8-3 IETF standards


RFC 2615 (1999) PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) over SONET/SDH

RFC 1662 (1994) PPP in HDLC-like Framing

RFC 1661 (1994) The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)

RFC 1990 The PPP Multilink Protocol (MP)

RFC2819 (2000) Remote Network Monitoring Management InformationBase



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Environment Related Standards

Table 8-4 Environment related standards


IEC 60068-2 Basic Environmental Testing Procedures

IEC 60068-3-3 Environmental testing - Part 3: Background information - Subpart 3:Guidance. Seismic test methods for equipments

IEC 60721-2-6 Environmental conditions appearing in nature - Earthquake vibration

IEC 60721-3-1 Classification of environmental conditions - Part 3: Classification ofgroups of environmental parameters and their severities - Section 1:Storage

IEC 60721-3-3 Classification of environmental conditions - Part 3: Classification ofgroups of environmental parameters and their severities - Section 3:Stationary use at weatherprotected locations

ETS 300 019-1-1 Environmental Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions andenvironmental tests for telecommunications equipmentPart 1-1: Classification of environmental conditions; Storage

ETS 300 019-1-2 Environmental Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions andenvironmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part 1-2:Classification of environmental conditions; Transportation

ETS 300 019-1-3 Environmental Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions andenvironmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part 1-3:Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use atweatherprotected locations

NEBS GR-63-CORE Network Equipment-Building System (NEBS) Requirements:Physical Protection

Safety Compliance Standards

Table 8-5 Safety compliance related standards


EN 60950-1 Safety of information technology equipment

IEC 60950-1 Safety of information technology equipment

IEC 60825-1 Safety of laser equipment

IEC 60825-2 Safety of laser equipment - requirement of OFCS



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Protection Standards

Table 8-6 Protection related standards


IEC 61024-1 Protection of structures against lightning

IEC 61312-1 Protection against lightning electromagnetic impulse part I:general principles

IEC 61000-4-5 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)- Part 4: Testing andmeasurement techniques - Section 5: Surge immunity test

ITU-T K.11 Principles of protection against overvoltage and overcurrents

ITU-T K.20 Resistibility of telecommunication switching equipment toovervoltages and overcurrents

ITU-T K.27 Bonding configurations and earthing inside a telecommunica-tion building

ITU-T K.41 Resistibility of internal interfaces of telecommunication centersto surge overvoltages



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9 Labels

About This Chapter

Various labels, including the safety label and laser label, are attached to the OptiX OSN 500.

9.1 LabelsThe ESD protection label, grounding label, and laser safety class label are attached on the OptiXOSN 500.

9.2 Label PositionThe ESD protection label and the grounding label are attached on the chassis whereas the powerwarning label and laser class label are attached on the front panel of the board.

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9.1 LabelsThe ESD protection label, grounding label, and laser safety class label are attached on the OptiXOSN 500.

Table 9-1 provides the types and descriptions of the labels.

Table 9-1 Labels on the equipment

Label Type Description

ESD protection jack Indicates the positionof the ESDprotection jack.

CLASS 1LASER

PRODUCT

Laser safety classlabel

Indicates the class ofthe laser source.

Equipmentgrounding label

Indicates thegrounding position.

Power warning label This label is attachedto remind that therelevant informationin the productdocuments must beread before operatingthe power supplybecause the PIUboard does notsupport hotswapping.

Product nameplate Indicates the productname and certificate.



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9.2 Label PositionThe ESD protection label and the grounding label are attached on the chassis whereas the powerwarning label and laser class label are attached on the front panel of the board.

Figure 9-1 Labels on the OptiX OSN 500

CLASS 1LASER

PRODUCT



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10 Indicators

This topic describes the indicators on the boards and the OptiX OSN 500 and their meanings.

Running Status Indicator (RUN)Status Description

Off Indicates that the equipment is not powered on.

On for 0.5s and then off for 0.5s Indicates that the equipment is waiting for loadingprograms.

Rapidly flashing (on for 100 ms andthen off for 100 ms)

Indicates that the equipment is loading programs.

Constantly on Indicates that the equipment is being initialized.

Slowly flashing (on for 1s and thenoff for 1s)

Indicates that the equipment works normally.

NE Alarm Indicator (ALM)Status Description

Off Indicates that no alarm is generated on the local NE.

On for 300 ms and then off for 1s Indicates that a minor alarm is generated on theequipment.

On for 300 ms, off for 300 ms, andthen on for 300 ms, off for 1s

Indicates that a major alarm is generated on theequipment.

On for 300 ms, off for 300 ms, onfor 300 ms, off for 300 ms, and thenon for 300 ms, off for 1s

Indicates that a critical alarm is generated on theequipment.

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Board Hardware Status Indicator (STAT)

Status Description

Off Indicates that the board is not in working state, notcreated, or not powered on.

On (green) Indicates that the board is working normally.

On (red) Indicates that the board hardware is faulty.

Service Alarm Indicator (SRV)

Status Description

Off Indicates there is no service.

On (green) Indicates that the services are normal.

On (red) Indicates that a critical or major alarm occurs in theservice.

On (yellow) Indicates that a minor or remote alarm occurs in theservice.

LOS Signal Indicator (LOS1/LOS2)

Status Description

Off Indicates that the optical interface receives the opticalsignal.

On Indicates that the optical interface does not receive anyoptical signal.

Board Software Status Indicator (PROG)

Status Description

On (green) Indicates that the board software is loaded successfullyto the flash memory card, the FPGA program is loadedsuccessfully, or the board software is initializedsuccessfully.

On for 100 ms and off for 100 msrepeatedly (green)

Indicates that the board software is being loaded to theflash memory card, or the FPGA software is beingloaded to the FPGA.

On for 300 ms and off for 300 msrepeatedly (green)

Indicates that the board software is being initiated andis in the BIOS boot state.



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Status Description

On (red) Indicates that the board software or FPGA program inthe flash memory card failed be to loaded or failed tobe initialized because they are lost.

Off Indicates there is no power input.

Optical Power Indicator (OPM)Status Description

Flashing red rapidly (three timesevery second. On for 300 ms and offfor 300 ms)

Indicates that the received optical power is excessivelyhigh.

Flashing red slowly (once everysecond. On for 300 ms and off for700 ms)

Indicates that the received optical power is excessivelylow.

Flashing yellow rapidly (threetimes every second. On for 300 msand off for 300 ms)

Indicates that the transmitted optical power isexcessively high.

Flashing yellow slowly (once everysecond. On for 300 ms and off for700 ms)

Indicates that the transmitted optical power isexcessively low.

Off Indicates other states, including without limitation:l The optical power is normal.l There is no optical module.l An improper optical module is inserted.l The E2ROM information about the optical module

cannot be read normally.l The optical fiber is disconnected or the port is

disabled.

Ethernet Port Indicator (LINK/ACT)Indicator Status Description

Connection status indicator(LINK), which is green when itis on

On Indicates that the network cable isproperly connected to the equipment.

Off Indicates that the network cable is notconnected to the equipment.



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Indicator Status Description

Data receiving andtransmitting indicator (ACT),which is orange when it is on

Flashing Indicates that the data is beingtransmitted or received.

Off Indicates that no data is beingtransmitted or received.



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11 Board Loopback Types

The OptiX OSN 500 supports various board loopback types.

Table 11-1 provides the loopback types supported by the ISU board.

Table 11-1 Loopback types supported by the ISU board

Board Module Supported Loopback Types

ISU Line module Port inloop, port outloop, VC-4 inloop, and VC-4 outloop

Tributarymodule

Port inloop and port outloop

Ethernetmodule

MAC inloop, MAC outloop, PHY inloop, VC-3 inloop, andVC-3 outloop

Table 11-2 provides the loopback types supported by the SDH board.

Table 11-2 Loopback types supported by the SDH board

Board Supported Loopback Types

SL1D Port inloop, poor outloop, VC-4 inloop, and VC-4 outloop

Table 11-3 provides the loopback types supported by the PDH board.

Table 11-3 Loopback types supported by the ISU board


SP3D Port inloop and port outloop

PL3T

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Table 11-4 provides the loopback types supported by the Ethernet board.

Table 11-4 Loopback types supported by the Ethernet board


EGT1 MAC inloop and PHY inloop

EFS8 MAC inloop, PHY inloop, and VC-3 inloop

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12 Board Configuration Parameters

About This Chapter

The T2000 can be used to configure various parameters for SDH boards, PDH boards, dataprocessing boards, and cross-connect and timing boards.

12.1 SDH Processing BoardsThe parameters that can be set for the SDH processing boards include the J0 byte, J1 byte, C2byte, and V5 byte.

12.2 PDH Processing BoardsThe parameters that can be set for the PDH processing boards include the J1 byte, C2 byte, J2byte, V5 byte, and tributary loopback.

12.3 Data Processing BoardThe parameters that need be set for the data processing boards include SDH parameters, andEthernet parameters.

12.4 Cross-Connect and Timing UnitThe clock parameters should be set on the cross-connect and timing unit.

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12.1 SDH Processing BoardsThe parameters that can be set for the SDH processing boards include the J0 byte, J1 byte, C2byte, and V5 byte.

J0 ByteThe transmit end uses the J0 byte to transmit the section access point identifiers in a successivemanner. In this way, the receive end learns that it is continuously connected to the specifiedtransmit end. The value of the J0 byte to be received is null by default.

J1 ByteThe J1 byte is the path tracing byte. The transmit end uses the J1 byte to transmit the higherorder access point identifiers in a successive manner. In this way, the receive end learns that itis continuously connected to the specified transmit end. When the receive end detects the J1mismatch, the corresponding VC-4 channel generates an HP_TIM alarm.

The value of the J1 byte to be received is null by default.

NOTE

The value of the J1 byte to be transmitted is " HuaWei SBS " by default. There is one space before "Huawei",and five spaces after "SBS".

C2 ByteThe C2 byte is the signal label byte, which is used to indicate the multiplexing structure of theVC frames and payload property. The C2 byte to be received and the C2 byte to be transmittedmust match each other. If the C2 mismatch is detected, the corresponding VC-4 channelgenerates an HP_SLM alarm.

Table 12-1 provides the mapping relation between the service type and the setting of the C2byte.

Table 12-1 Mapping relation between the service type and the setting of the C2 byte

Type of the Input Service Setting of the C2 Byte (in Hex)

TUG structure 02

34M/45M asynchronously mapped intoa C-3

04

140M asynchronously mapped into aC-4

12

Unequipped 00



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12.2 PDH Processing BoardsThe parameters that can be set for the PDH processing boards include the J1 byte, C2 byte, J2byte, V5 byte, and tributary loopback.

J1 ByteThe J1 byte is the path tracing byte. The transmit end uses the J1 byte to transmit the higherorder access point identifiers in a successive manner. In this way, the receive end learns that itis continuously connected to the specified transmit end. When the receive end detects the J1mismatch, the corresponding VC-3 channel generates an LP_TIM alarm.

The value of the J1 byte to be received is null by default.

NOTE

The value of the J1 byte to be transmitted is " HuaWei SBS " by default. There is one space before "HuaweiSBS" and five spaces after "Huawei SBS".

C2 ByteThe C2 byte is the signal label byte, which is used to indicate the multiplexing structure of theVC frames and payload property. The C2 byte to be received and the C2 byte to be transmittedmust match each other. If the C2 mismatch is detected, the corresponding VC-3 channelgenerates an LP_SLM alarm.

Table 12-2 provides the mapping relation between the service type and the setting of the C2byte.

Table 12-2 Mapping relation between the service type and the setting of the C2 byte

Type of the Input Service Setting of the C2 Byte (in Hex)

TUG structure 02

34M/45M asynchronously mapped intoa C-3

04

140M asynchronously mapped into aC-4

12

Unequipped 00

J2 ByteThe J2 byte is the VC-12 path tracing byte. The transmit end uses the J2 byte to transmit thelower order access point identifiers in a successive manner. In this way, the receive end learnsthat it is continuously connected to the specified transmit end.

V5 ByteThe V5 is the path status and signal identification byte, which is used to detect bit errors and toindicate remote errors and failure in the lower order path. The LP_REI and LP_RDI alarms are



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generated accordingly. Table 12-3 provides the mapping relation between the service type andthe setting of the V5 byte.

Table 12-3 Mapping relation between the service type and the setting of the V5 byte

Type of the Input Service Setting of the V5 Byte (in Hex)

Asynchronization 02

Byte synchronization 04

HDLC/PPP mapping 0A

Unequipped or Supervisory-Unequipped

00

Equipping Indication

When a service channel just transmits the service but does not process the service, selectUnequipped or Supervisory-Unequipped.

When a service channel transmits the service and also processes the service, select Equipped-Unspecific Payload.

Tributary Loopback

The tributary loopback function is used to locate faults in each service channel.

The tributary loopback is a diagnosis function. When the tributary loopback is performed, therelated service is interrupted.

Path Service Type

This parameter is set to specify the service type of the tributary path. Select E3 or T3 based onthe type of the actual path service.

12.3 Data Processing BoardThe parameters that need be set for the data processing boards include SDH parameters, andEthernet parameters.

12.3.1 SDH ParametersThe SDH parameters that need be set for the data processing boards include the J1 byte, C2 byte,J2 byte, and V5 byte.

J1 Byte

The J1 byte is the path tracing byte. The transmit end transmits the J1 byte in a successive manner.In this way, the receive end learns that it is continuously connected to the specified transmit end.



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When the receive end detects the J1 mismatch, The VC-3 channel generates an LP_TIM_VC3alarm, and the VC-4 channel generates an HP_TIM alarm.

When the value of the J1 byte to be received is null by default, those alarms are not reported.

NOTE

In the case of the EGT1 board, EFS8 board, or the EFT8 daughter board on the ISU board, the value of theJ1 byte to be received is null by default.

C2 Byte

The C2 byte is the signal label byte, which is used to indicate the multiplexing structure of theVC frames and payload property. The C2 byte to be received and the C2 byte to be transmittedmust match each other.

When the C2 mismatch is detected, The VC-3 channel generates an LP_SLM_VC3 alarm, andthe VC-4 channel generates an HP_SLM alarm.

J2 Byte

The J2 byte is the VC-12 path tracing byte. The transmit end uses the J2 byte to transmit thelower order access point identifiers in a successive manner. In this way, the receive end learnsthat it is continuously connected to the specified transmit end.

When the J2 mismatch is detected, the VC-12 channel generates an LP_TIM_VC12 alarm.

When the value of the J2 byte to be received is null by default, this alarm is not reported.

V5 Byte

The V5 is the path status and signal identification byte, which is used to detect bit errors and toindicate remote errors and failure in the lower order path. The LP_REI_VC12 andLP_RDI_VC12 alarms are generated accordingly.

When the receive end detects the V5 mismatch, the VC-12 channel generates an LP_SLM_VC12alarm.

Table 12-4 provides the mapping relation between the service type and the setting of the V5byte.

Table 12-4 Mapping relation between the service type and the setting of the V5 byte

Type of the Input Service Setting of the V5 Byte (in Hex)

Asynchronization 02

Byte synchronization 04

HDLC/PPP mapping 0A

GFP mapping 0D

Unequipped or Supervisory-Unequipped

00



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12.3.2 Ethernet ParametersThe Ethernet parameters that need to be set for the Ethernet boards include the working modeand enabling LCAS.

Working ModeGenerally, the interconnected equipment must work in the same fixed working mode. If theworking modes at both ends are different, packets may be lost or the rate decreases. When thedata volume is large, services may even be interrupted.

In the case of the EGT1 board, set the working mode to auto-negotiation or 1000M full-duplex.

In the case of the EFT8 daughter board on the ISU board, set the working mode to auto-negotiation or 10/100M full-duplex.

In the case of the EFS8 board, set the working mode to auto-negotiation or 10/100M full-duplex.

Enabling LCASThis parameter is set to specify whether to enable the LCAS function.

Maximum Frame LengthFor the external ports, set the maximum frame length, which is 1522-byte by default.

Mapping ProtocolThe mapping protocols for the interconnected equipment must be the same.

In the case of the EGT1 board, EFS8 board, or EFT8 daughter board on the ISU board, thefollowing three protocols are available: HDLC, LAPS, and GFP-F. It is recommended that youuse the GFP-F by default.

TagThis parameter is set to specify the type of the packet. The following three types are available:Tag Aware, Access, and Hybrid.

1. When Tag Aware is selected, the port transparently transmits the packets with tags, anddiscards the packets without tags.

2. When Access is selected, the port adds tags to the received packets without tags based onthe VLAN ID of the port, and discards the packets with tags.

3. When Hybrid is selected, the port transparently transmits the packets with tags, or addstags to the packets without tags based on the default VLAN ID of the port.

VLAN IDThis parameter is set to specify the default VLAN ID of the port.

Port AttributeIn the case of the board that supports the QinQ function, you can set the port attribute to UNI,S-Aware, or C-Aware.



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12.4 Cross-Connect and Timing UnitThe clock parameters should be set on the cross-connect and timing unit.

Set the following parameters when synchronization status message (SSM) is not enabled andthe external clock is unavailable:

l Reference clock sourcel Reference clock source level

Set the following parameters when the external clock is configured and the SSM is enabled:

l Reference clock sourcel Reference clock source levell Building integrated timing supply (BITS) typel S1 bytel Threshold for selecting the clock in case of the switching protection



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A Glossary

Terms and abbreviations are listed in an alphabetical order.

A.1 Numerics

A.2 A

A.3 B

A.4 C

A.5 D

A.6 E

A.7 F

A.8 G

A.9 H

A.10 I

A.11 J

A.12 L

A.13 M

A.14 N

A.15 O

A.16 P

A.17 Q

A.18 R

A.19 S

A.20 T

A.21 U

A.22 V

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A.23 W



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A.1 Numerics1+1 protection An architecture that has one normal traffic signal, one working SNC/trail, one protection

SNC/trail and a permanent bridge. At the source end, the normal traffic signal ispermanently bridged to both the working and protection SNC/trail. At the sink end, thenormal traffic signal is selected from the better of the two SNCs/trails. Due to thepermanent bridging, the 1+1 architecture does not allow an extra unprotected trafficsignal to be provided.

100BASE-T IEEE 802.3 Physical Layer specification for a 100 Mb/s CSMA/CD local area network.

100BASE-TX IEEE 802.3 Physical Layer specification for a 100 Mb/s CSMA/CD local area networkover two pairs of Category 5 unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) or shielded twisted-pair(STP) wire.

10BASE-T Defined in IEEE 802.3, it is an Ethernet specification that uses the twist pair with themaximum length of 100 meters at 10 Mbit/s for each network segment.

1:N protection A 1:N protection architecture has N normal service signals, N working SNCs/trails andone protection SNC/trail. It may have one extra service signal.

1PPS Pulse per second, which, strictly speaking, is not a time synchronization signal. This isbecause 1PPS provides only the "gauge" corresponding to the UTC second, but does notprovide the information about the day, month, or year. Therefore, 1PPS is used as thereference for frequency synchronization. On certain occasions, 1PPS can also be usedon other interfaces for high precision timing.

3R Reshaping, Retiming, Regenerating.

A.2 AABR Available Bit Rate

AC Alternating Current

ACAP The Adjacent Channel Alternate Polarization (ACAP) operation provides orthogonalpolarizations between two adjacent communication channels.

Active/Standbyswitching of cross-connect board

If there are two cross-connect boards on the SDH equipment, which are in hot back-uprelation of each other, the operation reliability is improved. When both the cross-connectboards are in position, the one inserted first is in the working status. Unplug the activeboard, the standby one will run in the working status automatically. When the activecross-connect board fails in self-test, the board is pulled out, the board power supplyfails or the board hardware operation fails, the standby cross-connect board canautomatically take the place of the active one.

add/drop multiplexer A network element that adds/drops the PDH signal or STM-x (x < N) signal to/from theSTM-N signal on the SDH transport network.

ADM See add/drop multiplexer

ADM See optical add/drop multiplexing



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Administrative Unit The information structure which provides adaptation between the higher order path layerand the multiplex section layer. It consists of an information payload (the higher orderVC) and a AU pointer which indicates the offset of the payload frame start relative tothe multiplex section frame start.

Administrative UnitGroup

One or more Administrative Units occupying fixed, defined positions in an STM payloadare termed an Administrative Unit Group (AUG).An AUG-1 consists of a homogeneousassembly of AU-3s or an AU-4.

Administrator A user who has authority to access all the Management Domains of the EMLCoreproduct. He has access to the whole network and to all the management functionalities.

aging time N/A

AIS Alarm Indication Signal

Alarm A means of alerting the operator that specified abnormal condition exists.

Alarm automaticreport

When an alarm is generated on the device side, the alarm is reported to the N2000. Then,an alarm panel prompts and the user can view the details of the alarm.

alarm cable The cable for generation of visual or audio alarms.

alarm filtering The alarms are reported to the N2000 BMS, which decides whether to display and savethe alarms according to the filtering states of the alarms. The filtered alarms are notdisplayed and saved on the N2000 BMS, but still monitored.

alarm indication On the cabinet of an NE, there are four indicators in different colors indicating the currentstatus of the NE. When the green indicator is on, it indicates that the NE is powered on.When the red indicator is on, it indicates that a critical alarm is generated. When theorange indicator is on, it indicates that a major alarm is generated. When the yellowindicator is on, it indicates that a minor alarm is generated. The ALM alarm indicator onthe front panel of a board indicates the current status of the board. (Metro)

Alarm indication signal A code sent downstream in a digital network as an indication that an upstream failurehas been detected. It is associated with multiple transport layers.

Alarm inversion For the port that has already been configured but has no service, this function can beused to avoid generating relevant alarm information, thus preventing alarm interference.The alarm report condition of the NE port is related to the alarm inverse mode (notinverse, automatic recovery and manual recovery) setting of the NE and the alarminversion status (Enable and Disable) setting of the port. When the alarm inversion modeof NE is set to no inversion, alarms of the port will be reported as usual no matter whateverthe inversion status of the port is. When the alarm inversion mode of the NE is set toautomatic recovery, and the alarm inversion state of the port is set to Enabled, then thealarm of the port will be suppressed. The alarm inversion status of the port willautomatically recover to "not inverse" after the alarm ends. For the port that has alreadybeen configured but not actually loaded with services, this function can be used to avoidgenerating relevant alarm information, thus preventing alarm interference. When thealarm inverse mode of the NE is set as "not automatic recovery", if the alarm inversionstatus of the port is set as Enable, the alarm of the port will be reported.

Alarm Masking Alarms are detected and reported to the N2000 UMS, and whether the alarm informationis displayed and stored is decided by the function of alarm masking. These alarms maskedare not displayed and stored on the N2000 UMS.

Alarm Severity Alarm severity is used to identify the impact of a fault on services. According to ITU-Trecommendations, the alarm is classified into four severities: Critical, Major, Minor,Warning.



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Alarm suppression When alarms of various levels occur at the same time, certain lower-level alarms aresuppressed by higher-level alarms, and thus will not be reported.

ALS See Automatic laser shutdown

APS See Automatic Protection Switching

asynchronous Pertaining to, being, or characteristic of something that is not dependent on timing.

AsynchronousTransfer Mode

A data transfer technology based on cell, in which packets allocation relies on channeldemand. It supports fast packet switching to achieve efficient utilization of networkresources. The size of a cell is 53 bytes, which consist of 48-byte payload and 5-byteheader.

ATM See Asynchronous Transfer Mode

ATPC See Automatic Transmit Power Control

attenuation Reduction of signal magnitude or signal loss, usually expressed in decibels.

AU See Administrative Unit

AUG See Administrative Unit Group

auto-negotiation A mechanism that enables devices to negotiate the SPEED and MODE (duplex or half-duplex) of an Ethernet Link.

Automatic lasershutdown

A function that enables the shutdown of the laser when the optical interface board doesnot carry services or the fiber is faulty. The automatic laser shutdown (ALS) functionshortens the working time of the laser and thus extends the service life of the laser. Inaddition, the ALS prevents human injury caused by the laser beam.

Automatic ProtectionSwitching

Automatic Protection Switching (APS) is the capability of a transmission system todetect a failure on a working facility and to switch to a standby facility to recover thetraffic.

Automatic TransmitPower Control

A method of automatically adjusting the transmit power at the opposite end based on thetransmit signal detected at the receiver.

A.3 Bbackplane A backplane is an electronic circuit board containing circuitry and sockets into which

additional electronic devices on other circuit boards or cards can be plugged; in acomputer, generally synonymous with or part of the motherboard.

backup A periodic operation performed on the data stored in the database for the purposes ofdatabase recovery in case that the database is faulty. The backup also refers to datasynchronization between active and standby boards.

bandwidth A range of transmission frequencies that a transmission line or channel can carry in anetwork. In fact, it is the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies thetransmission line or channel. The greater the bandwidth, the faster the data transfer rate.

BDI Backward Defect Indicator

BER See Bit Error Rate

Binding strap A component installed on two sides of the cabinet for binding various cables.

binding strap The binding strap is 12.7 mm wide, with one hook side (made of transparentpolypropylene material) and one mat side (made of black nylon material).



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BIP BIP-X code is defined as a method of error monitoring. With even parity an X-bit codeis generated by the transmitting equipment over a specified portion of the signal in sucha manner that the first bit of the code provides even parity over the first bit of all X-bitsequences in the covered portion of the signal, the second bit provides even parity overthe second bit of all X-bit sequences within the specified portion, etc. Even parity isgenerated by setting the BIP-X bits so that there is an even number of 1s in each monitoredpartition of the signal. A monitored partition comprises all bits which are in the same bitposition within the X-bit sequences in the covered portion of the signal. The coveredportion includes the BIP-X.

bit error An error that occurs in some bits in the digital code stream after being received, judged,and regenerated, thus damaging the quality of the transmitted information

Bit Error Rate Bit error rate. Ratio of received bits that contain errors. BER is an important index usedto measure the communications quality of a network.

BITS See Building Integrated Timing Supply

bound path Binding several seriel paths into a parallel path, thus improving the data throughputcapacity.

BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Unit

bridge A device that connects two or more networks and forwards packets among them. Bridgesoperate at the physical network level. Bridges differs from repeaters because bridgesstore and forward complete packets, while repeaters forward all electrical signals.Bridges differ from routers because bridges use physical addresses, while routers use IPaddresses.

broadcast The process of sending packets from a source to multiple destinations. All the ports ofthe nodes in the network can receive packets.

Broadcast A means of delivering information to all members in a network. The broadcast range isdetermined by the broadcast address.

BSC Base Station Controller

BSS Base Station Subsystem

Build-in WDM A function which integrates some simple WDM systems into products that belong to theOSN series . That is, the OSN products can add or drop several wavelengths directly.

Building IntegratedTiming Supply

A building timing supply that minimizes the number of synchronization links enteringan office. Sometimes referred to as a synchronization supply unit.

BWS Backbone WDM System

A.4 Ccabling The method by which a group of insulated conductors is mechanically assembled or

twisted together.

cabling aperture A hole which is used for cable routing in the cabinet.

Cabling frame The frame which is used for cable routing over the cabinet.

cabling trough The trough which is used for cable routing in the cabinet.



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captive nut Captive nuts (or as they are more correctly named, 'tee nuts') have a range of uses butare more commonly used in the hobby for engine fixing (securing engine mounts to thefirewall), wing fixings, and undercarriage fixing.

CAR See committed access rate

CAS Channel Associated Signaling

CBR See Constant Bit Rate

CBS Committed Burst Size

CCDP Co-Channel Dual Polarization

CCM Continuity Check Message

CDR Clock and Data Recovery

CDVT See Cell Delay Variation Tolerance

Cell Delay VariationTolerance

This parameter measures the tolerance level a network interface has to aggressivesending (back-to-back or very closely spaced cells) by a connected device, and does notapply to end-systems.

Centralized alarmsystem

The system that gathers all the information about alarms into a certain terminal console.

CFM Connectivity Fault Management

Chain network One type of network that all network nodes are connected one after one to be in series.

channel A telecommunication path of a specific capacity and/or at a specific speed between twoor more locations in a network. The channel can be established through wire, radio(microwave), fiber or a combination of the three.The amount of information transmittedper second in a channel is the information transmission speed, expressed in bits persecond. For example, b/s (100 bit/s), kb/s (103 bit/s), Mb/s (106 bit/s), Gb/s (109 bit/s),and Tb/s (1012 bit/s).

CIR Committed Information Rate

Circuit The circuit of the service port on the access device.

CIST Common and Internal Spanning Tree

class of service Class of service (CoS) is a technology or method used to classify services into differentcategories according to the service quality.

Class of Service Class of Service is abbreviated to CoS. CoS is a rule for queuing. It classifies the packetsaccording to the service type field or the tag in packets, and specifies different prioritiesfor them. All the nodes in DiffServ domain forwards the packets according to theirpriorities.

client A device that sends requests, receives responses, and obtains services from the server.

Clock Synchronization Also called frequency synchronization, clock synchronization means that the signalfrequency traces the reference frequency, but the start point need not be consistent.

Clock tracing The method to keep the time on each node being synchronized with a clock source in anetwork.

CLP Cell Loss Priority

CM See Configuration Management



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committed access rate A traffic control method that uses a set of rate limits to be applied to a router interface.CAR is a configurable method by which incoming and outgoing packets can be classifiedinto QoS (Quality of Service) groups, and by which the input or output transmission ratecan be defined.

Concatenation A process that combines multiple virtual containers. The combined capacities can beused a single capacity. The concatenation also keeps the integrity of bit sequence.

Configuration Data A command file for an NE which defines the configuration of the NE hardware. Withthe file, the NE can coordinate with other NEs in the entire network. Configuration datais the key factor for the normal running of the entire network.

ConfigurationManagement

In a network, a system for gathering current configuration information from all nodes ina LAN.

Configure To set the basic parameters of an operation object.

congestion An extra intra-network or inter-network traffic resulting in decreasing network serviceefficiency.

Connection point A reference point where the output of a trail termination source or a connection is boundto the input of another connection, or where the output of a connection is bound to theinput of a trail termination sink or another connection. The connection point ischaracterized by the information which passes across it. A bidirectional connection pointis formed by the association of a contradirectional pair.

Constant Bit Rate constant bit rate. A kind of service categories defined by the ATM forum. CBR transferscells based on the constant bandwidth. It is applicable to service connections that dependon precise clocking to ensure undistorted transmission.

convergence It refers to the speed and capability for a group of networking devices to run a specificrouting protocol. It functions to keep the network topology consistent.

Convergence A process in which multiple channels of low-rate signals are multiplexed into one orseveral channels of required signals.

Convergence service A service that provides enhancements to an underlying service in order to provide forthe specific requirements of the convergence service user.

Conversion In the context of message handling, a transmittal event in which an MTA transformsparts of a message content from one encoded information type to another, or alters aprobe so it appears that the described messages were so modified.

corrugated tube N/A

CoS See class of service

CoS See Class of Service

CPU Central Processing Unit

CRC See Cyclic Redundancy Check

current alarm An alarm in unrecovered and unacknowledged state, unrecovered and acknowledgedstate, or recovered and unacknowledged state. Treatment measures must be taken onthese alarms.

Current PerformanceData

Performance data stored in the current register. An NE provides two types registers foreach performance parameter of the performance monitoring entity. The registers are 15-minute register and 24-hour register, which are used to accumulate the performance datawithin the current monitoring period.



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Cyclic RedundancyCheck

A procedure used in checking for errors in data transmission. CRC error checking usesa complex calculation to generate a number based on the data transmitted. The sendingdevice performs the calculation before transmission and includes it in the packet that itsends to the receiving device. The receiving device repeats the same calculation aftertransmission. If both devices obtain the same result, it is assumed that the transmissionwas error free. The procedure is known as a redundancy check because each transmissionincludes not only data but extra (redundant) error-checking values. Communicationsprotocols such as XMODEM and Kermit use cyclical redundancy checking.

A.5 DDC Direct Current

DCC Data Communication Channel

DCD Data Carrier Detect

DCE Data Circuit-terminal Equipment

DCN Data Communication Network

DDF See Digital Distribution Frame

DDN Digital Data Network

Defect A limited interruption in the ability of an item to perform a required function.

demultiplexing To separate from a common input into several outputs. Demultiplexing occurs at manylevels. Hardware demultiplexes signals from a transmission line based on time or carrierfrequency to allow multiple, simultaneous transmissions across a single physical cable.

Device set It is an aggregate of multiple managed equipments. Device set facilitates the authoritymanagement on devices in the management domain of the U2000. If some operationauthorities over one device set are assigned to a user (user group), these operationauthorities over all devices of the device set are assigned to the user (user group), thuseliminating the need to set the operation authorities over these devices respectively. It issuggested to design device set according to such criteria as geographical region, networklevel, device type, etc.

differentiated servicescode point

Values for a 6-bit field defined for the IPv4 and IPv6 packet headers that enhance classof service (CoS) distinctions in routers.

Differentiated ServicesCode Point

Differentiated Services CodePoint. A marker in the header of each IP packet using bits0-6 in the DS field. Routers provide differentiated classes of services to various servicestreams/flows based on this marker. In other words, routers select corresponding PHBaccording to the DSCP value.

DiffServ Differentiated Services

Digital DistributionFrame

Digital Distribution Frame. A frame which is used to transfer cables.



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digital signal A signal in which information is represented by a limited number of discrete states-forexample, high and low voltages-rather than by fluctuating levels in a continuous stream,as in an analog signal. In the pulse code modulation (PCM) technology, the 8 kHzsampling frequency is used and a byte contains 8 bits in length. Therefore, a digital signalis also referred to as a byte-based code stream. Digital signals, with simple structuresand broad bandwidth, are easy to shape or regenerate, and are not easily affected byexternal interference.

Distributed LinkAggregation Group

The distributed link aggregation group (DLAG) is a board-level port protectiontechnology used to detect unidirectional fiber cuts and to negotiate with the opposite end.In the case of a link down failure on a port or a hardware failure on a board, the servicescan automatically be switched to the slave board, thus realizing 1+1 protection for theinter-board ports.

DLAG See Distributed Link Aggregation Group

DNI See Dual Node Interconnection

domain A logical subscriber group based on which the subscriber rights are controlled.

DQDB Distributed Queue Dual Bus

DSCP See differentiated services code point

DSCP See Differentiated Services Code Point

DSL Digital Subscriber Line

DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer

DSR Data Set Ready

DTE Data Terminal Equipments

DTR Data Terminal Ready

Dual NodeInterconnection

DNI provides an alternative physical interconnection point, between the rings, in caseof an interconnection failure scenario.

DVB-ASI Digital Video Broadcast- Asynchronous Serial Interface

DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol

DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing

A.6 EE-AGGR Ethernet-Aggregation

E-LAN Ethernet LAN

E-LAN A L2VPN service type that is provided for the user Ethernet in different domains overthe PSN network. For the user Ethernet, the entire PSN network serves as a Layer 2switch.

E-Line Ethernet line. An point-to-point private service type that is provided for the user Ethernetin different domains.

Ear bracket A component on the side of the subrack. It is used to install the subrack into a cabinet.

ECC See Embedded Control Channel



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EFM Ethernet in the First Mile

ElectroStatic Discharge A sudden flow of electric current through a material that is normally an insulator.

Embedded ControlChannel

An ECC provides a logical operations channel between SDH NEs, utilizing a datacommunications channel (DCC) as its physical layer.

EMS Element Management System

encapsulation The technique used by layered protocols to add header information and possibly tailinformation to the protocol data unit.

Enterprise SystemConnection

A path protocol which connects the host with various control units in a storage system.It is a serial bit stream transmission protocol. The transmission rate is 200 Mbit/s.

Entity A part, device, subsystem, functional unit, equipment or system that can be individuallyconsidered. For ETH-OAM, an OAM entity generally refers to a specified system orsubsystem that supports the OAM protocol. For example, a Huawei Ethernet serviceprocessing board is an OAM entity.

EoD Ethernet over Dual Domains

EPL See Ethernet Private Line

EPLAN Ethernet Private LAN Service

ESCON See Enterprise System Connection

ESD See ElectroStatic Discharge

ESD jack Electrostatic discharge jack. A hole in the cabinet or shelf, which connect the shelf orcabinet to the insertion of ESD wrist strap.

Ethernet A technology complemented in LAN. It adopts Carrier Sense Multiple Access/CollisionDetection. The speed of an Ethernet interface can be 10 Mbit/s, 100 Mbit/s, 1000 Mbit/s or 10000 Mbit/s. The Ethernet network features high reliability and easy maintaining..

Ethernet Alarm Group The Ethernet alarm group periodically obtain the statistics value to compare with theconfigured threshold. If the value exceeds the threshold, an event is reported.

Ethernet Private LAN Both a LAN service and a private service. Transport bandwidth is never shared betweendifferent customers.

Ethernet Private Line A point-to-point interconnection between two UNIs without SDH bandwidth sharing.Transport bandwidth is never shared between different customers.

ethernet virtual privateline service

An Ethernet service type, which carries Ethernet characteristic information over sharedbandwidth, point-to-point connections, provided by SDH, PDH, ATM, or MPLS serverlayer networks.

ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute

EVPL See ethernet virtual private line service

Exercise Switching An operation to check if the protection switching protocol functions normally. Theprotection switching is not really performed.

Exerciser - Ring This command exercises ring protection switching of the requested channel withoutcompleting the actual bridge and switch. The command is issued and the responses arechecked, but no working traffic is affected.

Extended ID The number of the subnet that an NE belongs to, for identifying different networksegments in a WAN. The extended ID and ID form the physical ID of the NE.



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extra traffic The traffic that is carried over the protection channels when that capacity is not used forthe protection of working traffic. Extra traffic is not protected.

A.7 FFailure If the fault persists long enough to consider the ability of an item with a required function

to be terminated. The item may be considered as having failed; a fault has now beendetected.

Fairness For any link specified in a ring network, if the data packets transmitted by the sourcenode are constrained by the fairness algorithm, the source node is provided with certainbandwidth capacities. This feature of RPR is called fairness.

fairness algorithm An algorithm designed to ensure the fair sharing of bandwidth among stations in the caseof congestion or overloading.

fault An accidental condition that causes a functinal unit to fail to perform its requiredfunction.

FC Fiber Channel

FD See frequency diversity

FDDI See fiber distributed data interface

FDI Forward Defect Indicator

FE Fast Ethernet

feature code Code(s) used to select/activate a service feature (e.g. forwarding, using two or three digitcodes preceded by * or 11 or #, and which may precede subsequent digit selection).

FEC See forwarding equivalence class

FEC See Forward Error Correction

fiber A kind of fiber used for connections between the subrack and the ODF, and forconnections between subracks or inside a subrack.

Fiber Connect. A new generation connection protocol which connects the host with various control units.It carries single byte command protocol through the physical path of fiber channel, andprovides higher rate and better performance than ESCON.

Fiber Connector A device installed at the end of a fiber, optical source or receive unit. It is used to couplethe optical wave to the fiber when connected to another device of the same type. Aconnector can either connect two fiber ends or connect a fiber end and a optical source(or a detector).

fiber distributed datainterface

A standard developed by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) for high-speed fiber-optic local area networks (LANs). FDDI provides specifications fortransmission rates of 100 megabits (100 million bits) per second on networks based onthe token ring network.



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fiber/cable Fiber & Cable is the general name of optical fiber and cable. It refers to the physicalentities that connect the transmission equipment, carry transmission objects (userinformation and network management information) and perform transmission functionin the transmission network. The optical fiber transmits optical signal, while the cabletransmits electrical signal. The fiber/cable between NEs represents the optical fiberconnection or cable connection between NEs. The fiber/cable between SDH NEsrepresents the connection relation between NEs. At this time, the fiber/cable is of opticalfiber type.

FICON See Fiber Connect

FIFO First In First Out

Flow An aggregation of packets that have the same characteristics. On the T2000 or NEsoftware, flow is a group of classification rules. On boards, it is a group of packets thathave the same quality of service (QoS) operation. At present, two flows are supported:port flow and port+VLAN flow. Port flow is based on port ID and port+VLAN flow isbased on port ID and VLAN ID. The two flows cannot coexist in the same port.

Forced switch This function forces the service to switch from the working channel to the protectionchannel, with the service not to be restored automatically. This switch occurs regardlessof the state of the protection channels or boards, unless the protection channels or boardsare satisfying a higher priority bridge request.

Forward ErrorCorrection

A bit error correction technology that adds the correction information to the payload atthe transmit end. Based on the correction information, the bit errors generated duringtransmission are corrected at the receive end.

forwarding equivalenceclass

A term used in Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) to describe a set of packets withsimilar or identical characteristics which may be forwarded the same way; that is, theymay be bound to the same MPLS label.

FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array

frame A frame, starting with a header, is a string of bytes with a specified length. Frame lengthis represented by the sampling circle or the total number of bytes sampled during a circle.A header comprises one or a number of bytes with pre-specified values. In other words,a header is a code segment that reflects the distribution (diagram) of the elements pre-specified by the sending and receiving parties.

Free-run mode An operating condition of a clock, the output signal of which is strongly influenced bythe oscillating element and not controlled by servo phase-locking techniques. In thismode the clock has never had a network reference input, or the clock has lost externalreference and has no access to stored data, that could be acquired from a previouslyconnected external reference. Free-run begins when the clock output no longer reflectsthe influence of a connected external reference, or transition from it. Free-run terminateswhen the clock output has achieved lock to an external reference.

frequency diversity A diversity scheme that enables two or more microwave frequencies with a certainfrequency interval are used to transmit/receive the same signal and selection is thenperformed between the two signals to ease the impact of fading.

FTP File Transfer Protocol

Full duplex The system that can transmit information in both directions on a communication link.Onthe communication link, both parties can send and receive data at the same time.



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A.8 GGain The ratio between the optical power from the input optical interface of the optical

amplifier and the optical power from the output optical interface of the jumper fiber,which expressed in dB.

Gateway IP When an NE accesses a remote network management system or NE, a router can be usedto enable the TCP/IP communication. In this case, the IP address of the router is thegateway IP. Only the gateway NE requires the IP address. The IP address itself cannotidentify the uniqueness of an NE. The same IP addresses may exist in different TCP/IPnetworks. An NE may have multiple IP addresses, for example, one IP address of thenetwork and one IP address of the Ethernet port.

Gateway NetworkElement

Gateway NE refers to the NE that communicates with the NMS via Ethernet or serialport line. The non-gateway NE communicates with the gateway NE via ECC andcommunicates with the NMS via the gateway NE. The gateway NE is a communicationroute that the U2000 must pass through when managing the entire network. Thecommunication status between the gateway NE and the U2000 can be:(1) Normal: Thecurrent communication is efficient; (2) Connecting: The destination gateway responds,and the communication is interrupted but is being connected; (3) Disconnected: Thedestination gateway does not respond (Maybe the network cable is disconnected or notwithin the same network segment), and the communication is unreachable or the gatewayis disabled manually.

GE Gigabit Ethernet

GFP Generic Framing Procedure

GFP GFP is a framing and encapsulated method which can be applied to any data type. It hasbeen standardized by ITU-T SG15.

GNE See Gateway Network Element

GPS Global Positioning System

GSM Global System for Mobile Communications

GTS Generic Traffic Shaping

GUI Graphic User Interface

A.9 Hhalf-duplex An operation mode of the Ethernet port. In half-duplex mode, a port can only send or

receive data at a time.

handle A component of the panel. It is used to insert or remove boards and RTMs in and out ofslots.

Hardware loopback A connection mode in which a fiber jumper is used to connect the input optical interfaceto the output optical interface of a board to achieve signal loopback.

HDLC High level Data Link Control

HEC Header Error Control

History alarm The confirmed alarms that have been saved in the memory and other external memories.



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History PerformanceData

The performance data that is stored in the history register or that is autoreported andstored in the NMS.

HP Higher Order Path

HPT Higher Order Path Termination

A.10 IIC Integrated Circuit

IDU Indoor Unit

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IETF Internet Engineering Task Force

IF Intermediate Frequency

IGMP See Internet Group Management Protocol

IGMP Snooping IGMP proxy means that in some network topologies, the device does not set up themulticast routes, but to learn the information about the accessed multicast group membersand forward it to the upstream multicast router. The upstream multicast router sets upthe multicast routes.

IMA frame The IMA frame is used as the unit of control in the IMA protocol. It is a logical framedefined as M consecutive cells, numbered 0 to M-l, transmitted on each of the N linksin an IMA group.

Input jitter tolerance The maximum amplitude of sinusoidal jitter at a given jitter frequency, which, whenmodulating the signal at an equipment input port, results in no more than two erroredseconds cumulative, where these errored seconds are integrated over successive 30second measurement intervals.

Intelligent poweradjusting

The factors such as fiber cut, degradation of equipment, and removal of connectors mayresult in the loss of the optical power signals. The function of intelligent power adjusting(IPA) enables the ROP laser and booster amplifier (BA) of a section to be shut downautomatically. In this way, the maintainers, their eyes in particular, can be protected forthe exposed optical fibers when they are performing the repairs.

Interface board area The area for the interface boards on the subrack.

Internal cable The cables and optical fibers which are used for interconnecting electrical interfaces andoptical interfaces within the cabinet.

Internet GroupManagement Protocol

The protocol for managing the membership of Internet Protocol multicast groups amongthe TCP/IP protocols. It is used by IP hosts and adjacent multicast routers to establishand maintain multicast group memberships.

IP Internet Protocol

IP address In the TCP/IP protocol, it is used to uniquely identify the 32-bit address of thecommunication port, An IP address consists of a network ID and a unique host ID. AnIP address consists of the decimal values of its eight bytes, separated with periods; forexample,192.168.7.27.

IP over DCC The IP Over DCC follows TCP/IP telecommunications standards and controls the remoteNEs through the Internet. The IP Over DCC means that the IP over DCC uses overheadDCC byte (the default is D1-D3) for communication.



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IPA See Intelligent power adjusting

IS-IS Intermedia System-Intermedia System

ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network

ISO International Standard Organization

ISP Internet Service Provider

IST Internal Spanning Tree

ITU-T International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization

A.11 JJitter Short waveform variations caused by vibration, voltage fluctuations, and control system

instability.

jitter tolerance Jitter tolerance is defined as the peak-to-peak amplitude of sinusoidal jitter applied onthe input ATM-PON signal that causes a 1 dB optical power penalty at the opticalequipment.

A.12 Llabel A mark on a cable, a subrack, or a cabinet for identification.

Label A short identifier that is of fixed length and local significance. A label is used to uniquelyidentify the FEC to which a packet belongs. A label does not contain topologyinformation. It is carried in the header of a packet and does not contain topologyinformation.

LACP See Link Aggregation Control Protocol

LAG See link aggregation group

LAN Local Area Network

LAPS Link Access Procedure-SDH

Laser A component that generates directional optical waves of narrow wavelengths. The laserlight has better coherence than ordinary light. The fiber system takes the semi-conductorlaser as the light source.

Layer A concept used to allow the transport network functionality to be described hierarchicallyas successive levels; each layer being solely concerned with the generation and transferof its characteristic information.

layer 2 switch A data forwarding method. In LAN, a network bridge or 802.3 Ethernet switch transmitsand distributes packet data based on the MAC address. Since the MAC address is thesecond layer of the OSI model, this data forwarding method is called layer 2 switch.

LB See Loopback

LBM Loopback Message

LBR Loopback Reply

LC Lucent Connector



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LCAS See Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme

LCD Liquid Crystal Display

LCT See Local craft terminal

License A permission that the vendor provides for the user with a specific function, capacity, anddurability of a product. A license can be a file or a serial number. Usually the licenseconsists of encrypted codes, and the operation authority varies with different level oflicense.

Link In the topology view, a link is used to identify the physical or logical connection betweentwo topological nodes.

Link AggregationControl Protocol

Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) is part of an IEEE specification (802.3ad)that allows you to bundle several physical ports to form a single logical channel. LACPallows a switch to negotiate an automatic bundle by sending LACP packets to the peer.

link aggregation group An aggregation that allows one or more links to be aggregated together to form a linkaggregation group so that a MAC client can treat the link aggregation group as if it werea single link.

Link CapacityAdjustment Scheme

The Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS) is designed to allow the dynamicprovisioning of bandwidth, using VCAT, to meet customer requirements.

LLC Logical Link Control

Local craft terminal A single layer network management scheme that manages a transmission networkconsisting of a maximum of five NEs. In this way, the comprehensive management ofthe multi-service transmission network is achieved. Normally, the cross-over networkcables and serial port cables are used to connect the local craft terminal (LCT) to an NE.Then, the LCT can configure and maintain a single NE.

Locked switching When the switching condition is satisfied, this function disables the service from beingswitched from the working channel to the protection channel. When the service has beenswitched, the function enables the service to be restored from the protection channel tothe working channel.

LOF Loss of frame

LOM Loss Of Multiframe

Loopback A troubleshooting technique that returns a transmitted signal to its source so that thesignal or message can be analyzed for errors.

LOS Loss Of Signal

Lower Threshold When the performance event count value is smaller than a certain value, a threshold-crossing event occurs. The value is the lower threshold.

LP Lower Order Path

LPT Link State Pass Through

LSP Label Switched Path

LSR Label Switching Router

LT Link Trace



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A.13 MMA See Maintenance Association

MAC Medium Access Control

MaintenanceAssociation

That portion of a Service Instance, preferably all of it or as much as possible, theconnectivity of which is maintained by CFM. It is also a full mesh of MaintenanceEntities.

Maintenance Domain The network or the part of the network for which faults in connectivity are to be managed,belonging to a single administration. The boundary of a Maintenance Domain is definedby a set DSAPs, each of which may become a point of connectivity to a Service Instance.

MAN See Metropolitan Area Network

Manual switching A protection switching. When the protection path is normal and there is no request of ahigher level switching, the service is manually switched from the working path to theprotection path, to test whether the network still has the protection capability.

Mapping A procedure by which tributaries are adapted into virtual containers at the boundary ofan SDH network.

Marking-off template A quadrate cardboard with four holes. It is used to mark the positions of the installationholes for the cabinet.

MBS Maximum Burst Size

MCF Message Communication Function

MCR Minimum Cell Rate

MD See Maintenance Domain

Mean launched power The average power of a pseudo-random data sequence coupled into the fibre by thetransmitter.

MEP Maintenance End Point

Metropolitan AreaNetwork

A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a network that interconnects users with computerresources in a geographic area or region larger than that covered by even a large localarea network (LAN) but smaller than the area covered by a wide area network (WAN).The term is applied to the interconnection of networks in a city into a single largernetwork (which may then also offer efficient connection to a wide area network). It isalso used to mean the interconnection of several local area networks by bridging themwith backbone lines. The latter usage is also sometimes referred to as a campus network.

MIB Management Information Base

MIP Maintenance Intermediate Point

MODEM MOdulator-DEModulator

MP Maintenance Point

MPID Maintenance Point Identification

MPLS See Multi-Protocol Label Switch

MS Multiplex Section

MSA Multiplex Section Adaptation



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MSOH See Multiplex Section Overhead

MSP See multiplex section protection

MST Multiplex Section Termination

MSTI Multiple Spanning Tree Instance

MSTP See Multi-service transmission platform

MSTP See Multiple spanning tree protocol

MTIE Maximum Time Interval Error

MTU Maximum Transmission Unit

Multi-Protocol LabelSwitch

A technology that uses short tags of fixed length to encapsulate packets in different linklayers, and provides connection-oriented switching for the network layer on the basis ofIP routing and control protocols. It improves the cost performance and expandability ofnetworks, and is beneficial to routing.

Multi-servicetransmission platform

It is based on the SDH platform, capable of accessing, processing and transmitting TDMservices, ATM services, and Ethernet services, and providing unified management ofthese services.

Multicast A process of transmitting packets of data from one source to many destinations. Thedestination address of the multicast packet uses Class D address, that is, the IP addressranges from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. Each multicast address represents a multicastgroup rather than a host.

Multiple spanning treeprotocol

The MSTP can be used in a loop network. Using an algorithm, the MSTP blocksredundant paths so that the loop network can be trimmed as a tree network. In this case,the proliferation and endless cycling of packets is avoided in the loop network. Theprotocol that introduces the mapping between VLANs and multiple spanning trees. Thissolves the problem that data cannot be normally forwarded in a VLAN because in STP/RSTP, only one spanning tree corresponds to all the VLANs.

Multiplex SectionOverhead

The overhead that comprises rows 5 to 9 of the SOH of the STM-N signal. See SOHdefinition.

multiplex sectionprotection

A function, which is performed to provide capability for switching a signal between andincluding two multiplex section termination (MST) functions, from a "working" to a"protection" channel.

Multiplexing A procedure by which multiple lower order path layer signals are adapted into a higherorder path or the multiple higher order path layer signals are adapted into a multiplexsection.

A.14 NN+1 protection A radio link protection system composed of N working channels and one protection

channel.

NE See network element

NE Explorer The main operation interface, of the U2000, which is used to manage the OptiXequipment. In the NE Explorer, the user can configure, manage and maintain the NE,boards, and ports on a per-NE basis.



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network element A network element (NE) contains both the hardware and the software running on it. OneNE is at least equipped with one system control board which manages and monitors theentire network element. The NE software runs on the system control board.

network node interface The interface at a network node which is used to interconnect with another network node.

network segment Network Segment means any discrete part of the Network.

NLP Normal Link Pulse

NMS Network Management System

NNI See network node interface

NPC Network Parameter Control

nrt-VBR Non Real-Time Variable Bit Rate

NRZ Non Return to Zero code

NSAP Network Service Access Point

NTP Network Time Protocol

A.15 OOA See Optical Amplifier

OADM Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer

OAM Operations, Administration and Maintenance

OAM auto-discovery In the case of OAM auto-discovery, two interconnected ports, enabled with the Ethernetin the First Mile OAM (EFM OAM) function, negotiate to determine whether the mutualEFM OAM configuration match with each other by sending and responding to the OAMprotocol data unit (OAMPDU). If the mutual EFM OAM configuration match, the twoports enter the EFM OAM handshake phase. In the handshake phase, the two portsregularly send the OAMPDU to maintain the neighborhood relation.

OCP See Optical Channel Protection

ODF See Optical Distribution Frame

ODU Outdoor Unit

OFS Out-of-frame Second

OHA Overhead Access Function

OLT Optical Line Terminal

Online Help The capability of many programs and operating systems to display advice or instructionsfor using their features when so requested by the user.

ONU Optical Network Unit

OOF Out of Frame

optical add/dropmultiplexing

A process that adds the optical signals of various wavelengths to one channel and dropthe optical signals of various wavelengths from one channel.

Optical Amplifier Devices or subsystems in which optical signals can be amplified by means of thestimulated emission taking place in a suitable active medium.



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Optical attenuator A passive device that increases the attenuation in a fiber link. It is used to ensure that theoptical power of the signals received at the receive end is not extremely high. It isavailable in two types: fixed attenuator and variable attenuator.

Optical ChannelProtection

In an optical transmission link that contains multiple wavelengths, when a certainwavelength goes faulty, the services at the wavelength can be protected if the opticalchannel protection is configured.

Optical Connector A component normally attached to an optical cable or piece of apparatus for the purposeof providing frequent optical interconnection/disconnection of optical fibers or cables.

Optical DistributionFrame

A frame which is used to transfer and spool fibers.

Optical Interface A component that connects several transmit or receive units.

Optical Time DomainReflectometer

A device that sends a very short pulse of light down a fiber optic communication systemand measures the time history of the pulse reflection.

orderwire A channel that provides voice communication between operation engineers ormaintenance engineers of different stations.

OSI Open Systems Interconnection

OSN Optical Switch Node

OSPF Open Shortest Path First

OTDR See Optical Time Domain Reflectometer

OTU Optical Transponder Unit. A device or subsystem that converts the accessed client signalsinto the G.694.1/G.694.2-compliant WDM wavelength.

Output optical power The ranger of optical energy level of output signals.

Overhead Extra bits in a digital stream used to carry information besides traffic signals. Orderwire,for example, would be considered overhead information.

A.16 PPaired slots Two slots of which the overheads can be passed through by using the bus on the

backplane. When the SCC unit is faulty or offline, the overheads can be passed throughbetween the paired slots by using the directly connected overhead bus. When two SDHboards form an MSP ring, the boards need to be inserted in paired slots so that the Kbytes can be passed through.

pass through When services are passed through, it indicates that transmission equipment does notprocess the service received and only detects the signal quality.

Path A performance resource object defined in the network management system. The left endof a path is a device node whose port needs to be specified and the right end of a path isa certain IP address which can be configured by the user. By defining a path in thenetwork management system, a user can test the performance of a network path betweena device port and an IP address. The tested performance may be the path delay, packetloss ratio or other aspects.

path protection Path protection is a special case of fixed partitioning sub-path protection technique whereevery primary path is partitioned into only one sub-path (i.e., h = D, diameter of thenetwork).



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PBS Peak Burst Size

PC Personal Computer

PCM Pulse Code Modulation

PCR Peak Cell Rate

PDH See Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy

PE Provider Edge. A PE is the name of the device or set of devices at the edge of the providernetwork with the functionality that is needed to interface with the customer.

Performance register Performance register is the memory space for performance event counts, including 15-min current performance register, 24-hour current performance register, 15-min historyperformance register, 24-hour history performance register, UAT register and CSESregister. The object of performance event monitoring is the board functional module, soevery board functional module has a performance register. A performance register isused to count the performance events taking place within a period of operation time, soas to evaluate the quality of operation from the angle of statistics.

performance threshold The performance threshold is a limit for generating an alarm for a selected entity. Whenthe measurement data satisfies the preset alarm threshold or exceeds the preset grads,the PM subsystem generates a performance alarm.

Performance threshold Performance events usually have upper and lower thresholds. When the performanceevent count value exceeds the upper threshold, a performance threshold-crossing eventis generated; when the performance event count value is below the upper threshold fora period of time, the performance threshold-crossing event is ended. In this way,performance jitter caused by some sudden events can be shielded. A few performanceevents only have one threshold, which is the special case that upper threshold and lowerthreshold are equal.

Permanent VirtualConnection

Traditional ATM Permanent Virtual Connection that is established/released upon arequest initiated by a management request procedure (that is all nodes supporting theconnections need to be instructed by the network management).

PGND Protection Ground

PIM-SM Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode

PIR Peak Information Rate

plesiochronous Qualifying two time-varying phenomena, time-scales, or signals in which correspondingsignificant instants occur at the same rate, any variations in rate being constrained withinspecified limits. Note: Corresponding significant instants are separated by time intervalshaving durations which may vary without limit.

Plesiochronous DigitalHierarchy

The Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH) is a technology used intelecommunications networks to transport large quantities of data over digital transportequipment such as fibre optic and microwave radio systems.

PLL Phase-Locked Loop

Pointer An indicator whose value defines the frame offset of a virtual container with respect tothe frame reference of the transport entity on which it is supported.

POS Packet Over SDH

Power box A direct current power distribution box at the upper part of a cabinet, which suppliespower for the subracks in the cabinet.



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PPP Point-to-Point Protocol

PRBS See Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence

PRC Primary Reference Clock

Primitive In the hierarchy of signaling system No.7, when the upper layer applies for services fromthe lower layer or the lower layer transmits services to the upper layer, the data isexchanged between the user and the service provider. In this case, the data transmittedbetween adjacent layers is called primitive.

Private Line The line, such as the subscriber cable and trunk cable, which are hired by thetelecommunication carrier and are used to meet the special requirement of the user. Theline is also called hired line. Generally, the switch device is not contained.

protection grounding A cable which connects the equipment and the protection grounding bar. Usually, thecable is yellow and green.

Protection path A specific path that is part of a protection group and is labeled protection.

Protection service A specific service that is part of a protection group and is labelled protection.

Protection subnet In the NMS, the protection subnet becomes a concept of network level other thanmultiplex section rings or path protection rings. The protection sub-network involvesNEs and fibre cable connections.

Protection View The user interface, of the network management system, which is used to manageprotection in the network.

PS Packet Switched

PSD Power Spectral Density

Pseudo-RandomBinary Sequence

A sequence that is random in a sense that the value of an element is independent of thevalues of any of the other elements, similar to real random sequences.

PVC See Permanent Virtual Connection

PW Pseudo Wire

PW Pseudo wire. A mechanism that bears the simulated services between PEs on the PSN(Packet Switched Network).

A.17 QQoS See Quality of Service

Quality of Service Quality of Service, which determines the satisfaction of a subscriber for a service. QoSis influenced by the following factors applicable to all services: service operability,service accessibility, service maintainability, and service integrity.

A.18 RRapid Spanning TreeProtocol

An evolution of the Spanning Tree Protocol, providing for faster spanning treeconvergence after a topology change. The RSTP protocol is backward compatible withthe STP protocol.

RDI Remote Defect Indication



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Receiver Sensitivity Receiver sensitivity is defined as the minimum acceptable value of average receivedpower at point R to achieve a 1 x 10-10 BER.

Reference clock A reference clock is usually of high stability , accuracy and autonomy and it's frequencycan be compared with other clock as a benchmark.

REG A piece of equipment or device that regenerates electrical signals.

Regeneration The process of receiving and reconstructing a digital signal so that the amplitudes,waveforms and timing of its signal elements are constrained within specified limits.

Regenerator sectionoverhead

The regenerator section overhead comprises rows 1 to 3 of the SOH of the STM-N signal.

Remote opticalpumping amplifier(ROPA)

An remote optical amplifier sub-system designed for applications where power supplyand monitoring systems are unavailable. The ROPA subsystem is a power compensationsolution to the ultra-long distance long hop (LHP) transmission.

Resilient Packet Ring A network topology being developed as a new standard for fiber optic rings.

RF Radio Frequency

RFA Request For Announcement

RFI Request for Information

ring network A ring network is a network topology in which each node connects to exactly two othernodes, forming a circular pathway for signals.

RNC Radio Network Controller

route A route is the path that network traffic takes from its source to its destination. In a TCP/IP network, each IP packet is routed independently. Routes can change dynamically.

router Links a local network to a remote network. For example, your company's networkprobably uses a router to connect to the Internet. Can be used to connect a LAN to aLAN, a WAN to a WAN, or a LAN to the Internet.

RP Rendezvous Point

RPR See Resilient Packet Ring

RS232 In the asynchronous transfer mode and there is no hand-shaking signal. It cancommunicate with RS232 and RS422 of other stations in point-to-point mode and thetransmission is transparent. Its highest speed is 19.2kbit/s.

RS422 The specification that defines the electrical characteristics of balanced voltage digitalinterface circuits. The interface can change to RS232 via the hardware jumper and othersare the same as RS232.

RSTP See Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol

RTN Radio Transmission Node

RX Receiver



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A.19 SS1 byte In an SDH network, each network element traces step by step to the same clock reference

source through a specific clock synchronization path, thus realizing the synchronizationof the whole network. If a clock reference source traced by the NE is lost, the clock ofthis NE will trace another clock reference source of lower level. To implement protectionswitching of clocks in the whole network, the NE must learn about the clock qualityinformation of the clock reference source it traces. Therefore, ITU-T defines S1 byte totransmit the network synchronization status information. It uses the lower four bits ofthe multiplex section overhead S1 byte to indicate 16 types of synchronization qualitygrades. The specific coding information is shown in the following table. Auto protectionswitching of clocks in the synchronous network can be implemented by using S1 byteand following the certain switching protocol.

SAN Storage Area Network

SC Square Connector

SCR Sustainable Cell Rate

SD See space diversity

SD See Signal Degrade

SDH See Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

SDP Serious Disturbance Period

SEC SDH Equipment Clock

Section The portion of a SONET transmission facility, including terminating points, between (i)a terminal network element and a regenerator or (ii) two regenerators. A terminatingpoint is the point after signal regeneration at which performance monitoring is (or maybe) done.

Self-healing Self-healing is the establishment of a replacement connection by network without theNMC function. When a connection failure occurs, the replacement connection is foundby the network elements and rerouted depending on network resources available at thattime.

Serial port extendedECC

The ECC channel realized by means of serial port.

server A network device that provides services to network users by managing shared resources,often used in the context of a client-server architecture for a LAN.

Service protection A measure that ensures that the services can be received at the receive end.

SES Severely Errored Second

SETS Synchronous Equipment Timing Source

settings Parameters of a system or operation that can be selected by the user.

SF See Signal Fail

SF See SF

SF Signal Fail. A signal that indicates the associated data has failed in the sense that a near-end defect condition (non-degrade defect) is active.



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SFP See Small Form-Factor Pluggable

SHDSL Single-line High speed Digital Subscriber Line

Side Mode SuppressionRatio

The Side Mode Suppression Ratio (SMSR) is the ratio of the largest peak of the totalsource spectrum to the second largest peak.

signal cable Common signal cables cover the E1cable, network cable, and other non-subscriber signalcable.

Signal Degrade SD is a signal indicating the associated data has degraded in the sense that a degradeddefect (e.g., dDEG) condition is active.

Signal Fail SF is a signal indicating the associated data has failed in the sense that a near-end defectcondition (not being the degraded defect) is active.

Simple NetworkManagement Protocol

A network management protocol of TCP/IP. It enables remote users to view and modifythe management information of a network element. This protocol ensures thetransmission of management information between any two points. The pollingmechanism is adopted to provide basic function sets. According to SNMP, agents, whichcan be hardware as well as software, can monitor the activities of various devices on thenetwork and report these activities to the network console workstation. Controlinformation about each device is maintained by a management information block.

slide rail Angle-bars on which shelves and chassis may slide and be supported within a cabinet orshelf.

Small Form-FactorPluggable

A specification for a new generation of optical modular transceivers.

SMSR See Side Mode Suppression Ratio

SNC SubNetwork Connection

SNCMP See Subnetwork connection multipath protection

SNCP See SubNetwork Connection Protection

SNCP node Set the SNC node on the protection sub-network to support sub-network connectionprotection that spans protection sub-networks. The SNCP node of the ring sub-networkcan support electric circuit dually feed and selectively receive a timeslot out of the ring,thus implementing sub-network connection protection. The SNCP node is generally seton the node on the line board with the path protection type of the dual fed and selectivelyreceived.

SNCTP See Subnetwork Connection Tunnel Protection

SNMP See Simple Network Management Protocol

SNR Signal Noise Ratio

space diversity A protection mode. The main and standby radios are set up in Hot Standby mode, butare connected to their own antennas. Both antennas, separated by a specific distance, arereceiving the signal transmitted from the online radio at the other end of the lin

Spanning Tree Protocol Spanning Tree Protocol. STP is a protocol that is used in the LAN to remove the loop.STP applies to the redundant network to block some undesirable redundant paths throughcertain algorithms and prune a loop network into a loop-free tree network.

SPI Synchronous Physical Interface

SSM See Synchronization Status Message



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SSU Synchronization Supply Unit

Statistical multiplexing A multiplexing technique whereby information from multiple logical channels can betransmitted across a single physical channel. It dynamically allocates bandwidth only toactive input channels, to make better use of available bandwidth and allow more devicesto be connected than with other multiplexing techniques. Compare with TDM.

STM-4 SDH Transport Module -4

STP See Spanning Tree Protocol

Sub-network number It is used to differentiate the different network sections in the sub-network conference.Actually it is the first several digits (one or two) of the user phone number. An orderwirephone number is composed of the sub-network number and the user number.

subnet A logical entity in the transmission network, which comprises a group of networkmanagement objects. A subnet can contain NEs and other subnets.

subnet mask The technique used by the IP protocol to determine which network segment packets aredestined for. The subnet mask is a binary pattern that is stored in the client machine,server or router and is matched with the IP address.

Subnetwork connectionmultipath protection

The only difference is that SNCP is of 1+1 protection and SNCMP is of N+1 protection.That is, several backup channels protect one active channel in SNCMP.

SubNetworkConnection Protection

A working subnetwork connection is replaced by a protection subnetwork connection ifthe working subnetwork connection fails, or if its performance falls below a requiredlevel.

SubnetworkConnection TunnelProtection

SNCTP provides a VC-4 level channel protection. When the working channel is faulty,the services of the entire VC-4 path can be switched over to the protection channel.

Support A part used to support and fix a cabinet on the antistatic floor

Suppression state An attribute set to determine whether an NE monitors the alarm. Under suppressionstatus, NE will not monitor the corresponding alarm conditions and the alarm will notoccur even when the alarm conditions are met.

SVC Switching Virtual Connection

Switching priority There may be the case that several protected boards need to be switched; thus the tributaryboard switching priority should be set. If the switching priority of each board is set thesame, the tributary board that fails later cannot be switched. The board with higherpriority can preempt the switching of that with lower priority.

Switching restorationtime

It refers to the period of time between the start of detecting and the moment when theline is switched back to the original status after protection switching occurs in the MSPsub-network.

Synchronization StatusMessage

A message that is used to transmit the quality levels of timing signals on the synchronoustiming link. Through this message, the node clocks of the SDH network and thesynchronization network can aquire upper stream clock information, and the two performoperations on the corresponding clocks, such as tracing, switchover, or converting hold),and then forward the synchronization information of this node to down stream.



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Synchronous DigitalHierarchy

SDH is a transmission scheme that follows ITU-T G.707, G.708, and G.709. It definesthe transmission features of digital signals such as frame structure, multiplexing mode,transmission rate level, and interface code. SDH is an important part of ISDN and B-ISDN. It interleaves the bytes of low-speed signals to multiplex the signals to high-speedcounterparts, and the line coding of scrambling is only used only for signals. SDH issuitable for the fiber communication system with high speed and a large capacity sinceit uses synchronous multiplexing and flexible mapping structure.

Synchronous source A clock providing timing services to connected network elements. This would includeclocks conforming to Recommendations G.811, G.812 and G.813.

A.20 TT2000 The T2000 is a subnet management system (SNMS). In the telecommunication

management network architecture, the T2000 is located between the NE level andnetwork level, which can support all NE level functions and part of the network levelmanagement functions. See also NM.

T2000 LCT A lite version of T2000. It is an element level management system for the opticaltransmission network. It can manage SDH, DWDM and Metro optical transmissionequipment. See also LCT.

Tandem ConnectionMonitor

In the SDH transport hierarchy, the TCM is located between the AU/TU managementlayer and HP/LP layer. It uses the N1/N2 byte of POH overhead to monitor the qualityof the transport channels on a transmission section (TCM section).

TCM See Tandem Connection Monitor

TCP/IP See Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

TDM Time Division Multiplexing

tie wrap N/A

TIM Trace Identifier Mismatch

Time Slot Continuously repeating interval of time or a time period in which two devices are ableto interconnect.

Time Synchronization Also called the moment synchronization, time synchronization means that thesynchronization of the absolute time, which requires that the starting time of the signalskeeps consistent with the UTC time.

TM Terminal Multiplexer

TMN Telecommunications Management Network

ToS See Type of Service

TPS See Tributary Protection Switch

Trail managementfunction

A network level management function of the network management system. Through trailmanagement, you can configure end-to-end services, view graphic interface and visualroutes of a trail, query detailed information of a trail, filter, search and locate a trailquickly, manage and maintain trails in a centralized manner, manage alarms andperformance data by trail, and print a trail report.



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Transceiver A transmitter and receiver housed together in a single unit and having some circuits incommon, often for portable or mobile use.

Transmission ControlProtocol/InternetProtocol

Common name for the suite of protocols developed to support the construction ofworldwide internetworks.

transparenttransmission

A process during which the signaling protocol or data is not processed in the content butencapsulated in the format for the processing of the next phase.

Tray A component that can be installed in the cabinet for holding chassis or other devices.

Tributary loopback A fault can be located for each service path by performing loopback to each path of thetributary board. There are three kinds of loopback modes. 1. No loopback: It is the normalstatus. No loopback is needed when the equipment runs efficiently; 2. Outloop: Whenarriving at the line board after passing the input port in the local NE, the input signal isdirectly looped back to the service output end; 3. Inloop: The input signal is returnedalong the original trail from the tributary board of the target NE.

Tributary ProtectionSwitch

Tributary protection switching, a function provided by the equipment, is intended toprotect N tributary processing boards through a standby tributary processing board.

Tributary unit An information structure which provides adaptation between the lower order path layerand the higher order path layer. It consists of an information payload (the lower orderVC) and a TU pointer which indicates the offset of the payload frame start relative tothe higher order VC frame start.

Tributary Unit Group One or more Tributary Units, occupying fixed, defined positions in a higher order VC-n payload is termed a Tributary Unit Group (TUG). TUGs are defined in such a way thatmixed capacity payloads made up of different size Tributary Units can be constructedto increase flexibility of the transport network

TTL Time To Live

TU Tributary Unit

TUG See Tributary Unit Group

Type of Service A field in an IP packet (IP datagram) that is used for quality of service (QoS). The TOSfield is 8 bits, broken into five sub-fields.

A.21 UUART Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter

UAS Unavailable Second

UBR Unspecified Bit Rate

underfloor cabling The cables connected cabinets and other devices are routed underfloor.

UNI See User Network Interface

Unprotected Pertaining to the transmission of the services that are not protected, the services cannotbe switched to the protection channel if the working channel is faulty or the service isinterrupted, because protection mechanism is not configured.

Unprotected sub-network

It refers to a sub-network without any protection mechanism. The purpose of suchconfiguration is to provide the basic data of trail protection for the subsequent trailmanagement.



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Upload An operation to report some or all configuration data of an NE to the T2000. Theconfiguration data then covers the configuration data stored at the T2000 side.

Upper threshold The critical value that can induce unexpected events if exceeded.

UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply

Upward cabling Cables or fibers connect the rack with other equipment from the top of the cabinet.

User A client user of the NMS. The user name and password uniquely identifies the operationrights of a user in the NMS.

User Network Interface The interface between a network and the user of network services.

UTC Universal Time Coordinated

A.22 VVB Virtual Bridge

VBR Variable Bit Rate

VC See Virtual concatenation

VCG Virtual Concatenation Group

VCI Virtual Channel Identifier

Virtual concatenation N/A

Virtual Container A Virtual Container is the information structure used to support path layer connectionsin the SDH. It consists of information payload and path Overhead (POH) informationfields organized in a block frame structure which repeats every 125 or 500 μs.

Virtual local areanetwork

A subset of the active topology of a Bridged Local Area Network. Associated with eachVLAN is a VLAN Identifier (VID).

Virtual PrivateNetwork

The extension of a private network that encompasses encapsulated, encrypted, andauthenticated links across shared or public networks. VPN connections can provideremote access and routed connections to private networks over the Internet.

VLAN See Virtual local area network

VP Virtual Path

VPI Virtual Path Identifier

VPN See Virtual Private Network

A.23 WWait to Restore Time A period of time that must elapse before a - from a fault recovered - trail/connection can

be used again to transport the normal traffic signal and/or to select the normal trafficsignal from.

Wait-to-Restore A period of time that must elapse from a recovered fault before an LSP/span can be usedagain to transport the normal traffic and/or to select the normal traffic from.

WAN Wide Area Network



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Wander The long-term variations of the significant instants of a digital signal from their idealposition in time (where long-term implies that these variations are of frequency less than10Hz).

washer A washer is a thin flat ring of metal or rubber which is placed over a bolt before the nutis screwed on.

Wavelength DivisionMultiplexing

Wavelength Division Multiplexing. WDM technology utilizes the characteristics ofbroad bandwidth and low attenuation of single mode optical fibre, uses multiplewavelengths as carriers, and allows multiple channels to transmit simultaneously in asingle fibre.

Wavelength protectiongroup

The wavelength protection group is important to describe the wavelength protectionstructure. Its function is similar to that of the protection subnet in the SDH NE. Thewavelength path protection can only work with the correct configuration of thewavelength protection group.

WDM See Wavelength Division Multiplexing

WFQ Weighted Fair Queuing

Winding pipe A tool for fiber routing, which acts as the corrugated pipe.

Working path The channels allocated to transport the normal traffic.

WRED Weighted Random Early Detection

WTR See Wait-to-Restore

WTR See Wait to Restore Time



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