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iProceeding the 6th International Conference on Green TechnologyMaulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University / Malang, 18-19 September 2015

PROCEEDINGThe 6th International Conference on

Green Technology

Innovation in Islamic Perspectivefor Sustainable Development Action Toward International Challenges

Malang, 18-19 September 2015

ISSN 2301-4490

Science and Technology Faculty

Maulana Malik Ibrahim Statae Islamic University

Jalan Gajayana 50 Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia



Green Technology



ISSN 2301-4490






Green Technology



ISSN 2301-4490




iiProceeding the 6th International Conference on Green TechnologyMaulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University / Malang, 18-19 September 2015

CommitteeSteering Committee :Dr. drh. Hj. Bayyinatul Muchtaromah, M.SiDr. Sri Harini, M. SiAldrin Yusuf Firmansyah, MTLinda Salma Anggreani, S.Si, MTMohammad Nafie Jauhari, M.SiEditorProf. Toshifumi SakaguchiDr. Nor Atiah IsmailAssoc Prof. Dr. Akira KikuchiProf. Madya Dr. Mohamad Shanudin ZakariyaProf. Drs. Ec. Ir. Riyanarto Sarno, M.Sc.,Ph.D.Priyantono Rudito Ph.DDr. Cahyo CrysdianDr. Suhartono, M.KomDr. Muhammad Faisal, MTDr. Mokhamad Amin Haryadi, MTDr. H. Imam Sujarwo, M.PdDr. Abdussakir, M.PdDr. Drs. Usman Pagalay, M.SiDr. Agus Mulyono, M.KesDr. Ulfah Utami, M. SiDr. Dra. Retno Susilowati, M.SiDr. Evika Sandi Savitri, MPElok Kamilah Hayati, M. SiYulia Eka Putrie, MTScientific Committee:Supriyono, M.KomFachrur Rozi, M.SiErna Hastuti, M.SiDr. Agung Sedayu, MTTri Kustono Adi, M.ScDwi Suheriyanto, S.Si., M.PBegum Fauziyah, M.Farm

Organizing CommitteDr. Eko Budi Minarno, M.PdCitra Fidya Atmalia, SHMuhammad Ismail Marzuki, SETuti Indayani, SEMujahidin Ahmad, S.Pt., M.ScRoro Indah Melani, MT, M.ScRirien Kusumawati, M.KomAinatul Mardiyah, M.CsRusianah, S.KomNur Farida, S.PsiAbidin, S.PdHendri Cahyo Gunawan, S.KomEka Arif SantosoAan Fuad Subarkah, S.KomWeni Susilowati, S.ABIrjatul Wardah, S.KomOktarina Eka Hartanti, SEMuhammad Hatif, S.Pd IErnaning Setiyowati, MTIvana Varita, S.KomPrima Kurniawaty, ST., M.SiDeny Zainal Arifin, S.KomAnton Prasetyo, S.SiAhmad Latif Qosim, S.KomTarranita Kusumadewi, MTSri Winarni, MTGianto Widodo, S.KomAziz Mustofa, S.Kom







iiiProceeding the 6th International Conference on Green TechnologyMaulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University / Malang, 18-19 September 2015

FOREWORDSustainable development is development which meets the needs of the present withoutcomprising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainability is importantbecause all the choices we pursue and all the actions that we make today will affect everythingin the future. We need to make careful decisions at present in order to avoid limiting choices ofthe next generations at the future.Sustainable development implies the fulfillment of several conditions: preserving the balance ofthe environment, preventing the exhaustion of natural resources, and optimizing the energyconsumption. In the sustainable development action, there are many major challenges to beaddressed. It requires us to re-think our growth in terms of social live that is more economicalin its use of raw materials and energy. In this context, sustainable developments are nowbecome an essential obligation.Within the concept of rahmatan lil alamin, Islam considers it essential to preserve theenvironment and that the environmental management relies heavily on our actions today. Toaccommodate the above issues, the Faculty of Science and Technology of Maulana Malik IbrahimState Islamic University dedicates an international seminar on science and technology"Innovation in Islamic perspective for sustainable development action toward internationalchallenges".We are delighted to invite the academicians, researchers, and practitioners to participate in thisinternational seminar of1. Natural science2. Mathematics and Modeling3. Computational Technology4. Applied Science and Technology5. Architecture6. Pharmacy and Medical TechnologyBest RegardsCommittee





ivProceeding the 6th International Conference on Green TechnologyMaulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University / Malang, 18-19 September 2015

Table of ContentCommitte iiForeword iiiTable of Content ivNatural ScienceAn Exploratory Study of Tomato Marketing in East Java

Kuntoro Boga Andri, Tiago Wandschneider, Teddy Kristedy 01Antibacterial Activity of Awar-Awar Leaves (Ficus septica Burm F) Against Staphylococcusaureus ATCC 29523 and Escherichia coli ATCC 35218Arifah Khusnuryani, Zainatul Fuad 14Biodiversity and Relationship Rose Apple (Syzgium aqueum Burm.F.Alston) MorphologicalApproach Through Nature in Plantation Bhakti, PasuruanHamidah, Junairiah, Devi Mardiastuti 20Characteristics and Performance of Shalot Industry in IndonesiaKuntoro Boga Andri, Tiago Wandschneider, Teddy Kristedy 28Characteristic Morphology on Seeds of Four Collection Plant That Have Been Cultivated inPurwodadi Botanical GardenFirda Asmaul Husna, Agung Sri Darmayanti, Eko Sri Sulasmi 36Clarification of Protein Sub Unit Pili And Outer Membrane Protein (Omp) Shigella flexneriAs Adhesion Protein With Hem Agglutination TestAvin Ainur Fitrianingsih 41Composition and Abundance Of Crustacea and Polychaeta In Mangrove StandsAt Bulalo Kwandang District North Gorontalo RegencyAbubakar Sidik Katili, Ramli Utina, Susantika Kurapu 48Control of Fusarium Wilt Disease in Onion Plants (Allium Ascolonicum) Using TrichodermaBiofungicideDiding Rachmawati, Eli Korlina, Baswarsiati 52Detection Terpenoid of Fern Genus Dryopteris, Asplenium, and Davalia in Taman HutanRaya Raden SoerjoAjeng Wijarprasidya, Firda Asmaul Husna, Istamaya Ariani, Eko Sri Sulasmi 58Effect of Sargassum Filipendula Fucozanthin Against Hela Cell And LymphocyteProliferationKartini Zailanie, Umi Kalsum 62







vProceeding the 6th International Conference on Green TechnologyMaulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University / Malang, 18-19 September 2015Effect of Plant Population Some Variety of Soybean in Upland

Zainal Arifin, Indriana RD 71Heritability and Growth of Four Shallot Varieties at Off Season in BojonegoroFuad Nur Azis, Kuntoro Boga Andri 77Identification of Bioactive Compounds of the Moss Leucobryum aduncum Dozy and MolkJunairiah, Tri Nurhariyati, Suaibah, Ni’matuzahroh, Lilis Sulistyorini 84Identification Tannin Compound of Three Genus Pterodophytes in Taman Hutan RayaRaden SoerjoEko Sri Sulasmi, Sitoresmi Prabaningtyas, Murni Sapta Sari 89Isolation and Characterization of Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria From Post-Mining Soil ofLimestone Quarry: Bacterial Sreening For Eco-FertilizerMashudi, Nisa Rachmania Mubarik, Ratih Dewi Hastuti 93Krokot (Portulaca Oleracea. L) As a Natural Sensitizer For Tio2 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells:The Effect Of Temperature ExtractReyza Anni Mufiidah, Khamidinal, Endaruji Sedyadi, Didik Krisdiyanto 99Occurrence of Important Pest and Disease on Polianthes tuberosa in East JavaWahyu Handayati 106Potency of Tropical Fruit Juices as Natural Antioxidant SourceL.H. Mukminin, P.M. Al Asna, S. Sundari, B. Lukiati 112Potential Development of Dioscorea composita L. and Dioscorea bulbifera LSri Hutami, Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih, Surya Diantina 117Rutin Compound From Malus Domesctica Against Colon Cancer Based On In SilicoArindra Trisna Widiansyah, Ardini Pangastuti, Rizka Elan Fadilah 125Seedlings Growth of a Critically Endangered Species, Hopea sangal, on Various GrowingMediaSoejono 131Study of Microbiological at Coastal Water in Port Dickson, MalaysiaPrima Aswirna 139Study of Various Factors For Hairy Root Growth of Artemisia AnnuaRagapadmi Purnamaningsih, Sri Hutami, Ireng Darwati 148Synthesis of l-menthyl Acetate by Esterification l-menthol and Acetate Anhydride withVariation of TimeNovia Suryani, A. Ghanaim Fasya, Rurini Retnowati, Akyunul Jannah 155





viProceeding the 6th International Conference on Green TechnologyMaulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University / Malang, 18-19 September 2015The Influence of Media Osmotic on Characters of Celosia in Vitro Callus

Retno Mastuti, Nunung Harijati 162The Periphyton Community Structure In The Habitat Of Lawar (Perinereis cf. cultrifera) AtWearlilir Waters In The Southeast MalukuMartha Rettob 168The Use of Plant as a Natural Larvacide to the Mortality Aedes Aegypti LarvaeAseptianova 173

Applied Science & TechnologyAttack Shoot Borers Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker (Lepidoptera; Pyralidae) PlantingSystem In Multiple Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.)Andi Muhammad Amir 178Application Technology of Post-Harvest Sweet Corn in the Tawangargo Village, KarangplosoDistrict, MalangLailatul Isnaini, Baswarsiati 190Bioecology Pest Rodents on Mung Bean Plant Fore Belu East Nusa Tenggara and ControlRiza Ulil Fitria 201Effect of Complementary Liquid Fertilizer on Quality Parameters and Physico-chemicalCharacteristics of Cabbage (Bassica oleraceae L.) During PreservationIta Yustina, Sri Zunaini Sa’adah, Rohmad Budiono, Farid R. Abadi 206Effect of Grafting and Variety on Disease Development and Production of TomatoEli Korlina, Evy Latifah, Kuntoro Boga Andri, Joko Mariyono 213Feed Efficincy and Body Weight Gain of Fat Tailed Sheep Fed Dry Vagetable Waste asSubstitution of ConcentratesSiti Istiana, Dini Hardini, Eni Fidiyawati 221Greenhouse Dryer Performance for Drying Thin Slices of Potato TuberFarid R. Abadi, Ita Yustina 225Introduction of 4 New Superior Varieties of Inpari Paddy in Scholl Field-Integrated CropsManagement (ICM)Sugiono, Amik Krismawati 232Lawar Nutritional Content and Lawar PelletsMartha Rettob, Cenny Putnarubun, Nally Erbabley, Santy Rahantoknam 239Mechanical Properties of Brass Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) reinforced with Fly AshAminnudin, Heru Suryanto 243







viiProceeding the 6th International Conference on Green TechnologyMaulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University / Malang, 18-19 September 2015Preference Test of Sustainable Food Household area (KRPL)'S Produsts in Sukorejo Village,Ponorogo

Sri Satya Antarlina, Aniswatul Khamidah 247Respons of New Varieties Rice to Important Pests in Bangkalan RainfedDonald Sihombing, Wahyu Handayati 257Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu rottb.) as potential Genetic Resource For Food andEnvironmental ConservationYati Supriati 263Study on the Ash Composition of Albazia F alcatariaMokh. Hairul Bahri 271The Assessment of Field Usage on Productive Age Podang Mango Plantation For IntercropsSri Yuniastuti 273The Assesment of NSV’s Role in Increasing Wetland Rice Productivity at Kediri RegencySri Yuniastuti, Sri Satya Antarlina 280The Combustion of Hydrogen on Reaction Jathropa Oil and WaterAgus Wibowo, I.N.G Wardana, Slamet Wahyudi, Denny Widhiyanuriyawan 287The Effectiveness of Inorganic Fertilizer Usage on Growth and Yield of Field RiceAmik Krismawati, Sugiono 292Thermal Degradation Of Mendong FiberHeru Suryanto 306

Mathematics and ModellingAnalysis of Torque Vertical on String ModelAri Kusumastuti, Sri Sasi Yuni Nurhayati 310Assimilation and Accomodation Description of The Eighth Grade Students with Low Abilityin Learning Phytagoras TheoremHerfa MD Soewardini 315The Effectiveness of Calculus Based on Contextual Learning ModelNana Sepriyanti, Ahmad Fauzan 323







viiiProceeding the 6th International Conference on Green TechnologyMaulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University / Malang, 18-19 September 2015

Computational TechnologyMonitoring on the Development of Small and Middle Business in Malang Based onGeographic Information System (GIS) and Fuzzy SugenoGianto Widodo, Novta Dany’el Irawan, Mustamin Hamid, Soleh Hadi Purnomo 327White Box Testing on the Learning Assesment Software DevelopmentMuhammad Nuris, Fatchurrochman, Zainal Abidin 334

ArchitectureEmerging Landscape Visual Quality Assessment for Rural Spatial Planning in BumiajiDistrict, Batu CityDina Poerwoningsih, Antariksa, Amin Setyo Leksono, Abdul Wahid Hasyim 341Performance Attributes Determination of Tawang Alun Terminal in JemberAgung Sedayu 354Strategy on Green Building to Reduce Overall Thermal Transfer Value in the OrthopedicHospital in the TropicsHendro trilistyo, Erni Setyowati 362Sustainable Pedestrian Ways in Central Business District of Tunjungan SurabayaArdy Maulidy Navastara, Veronica Mandasari 369The Quality Evaluation of Regional Structure of Ijen Area in Malang City TowardsSustainable Urban DevelopmentAldrin Yusuf Firmansyah 377

Pharmacy and Medical TechnologyAlstonia Scholaris : Alkaloids Isolation, And Potency Toward Toxoplasmosis IdentificationBegum Fauziyah, Ali Abraham, Qodia Rahmawati, Roudlotul Nadhifah, Fadhilatul Ismiyah 388Can Miswak Extract Be Topical Antimicrobial?Atina Yuliandari, Faiqotul Choiroh, Abdul Syakur 393Comparison The Anticancer Effect Of Extract And Fraction Calotropis Gigantea Radix OnHuman Colon Cancer Widr And Breast Cancer T47D Cell LinesRoihatul Mutiah, Sukardiman, Aty Widyawaruyanti 398Date Fruit as a Potential Pharmaceutical Product Rich in AntioxidantsNeneng Fadi’ah Idzni 407









ixProceeding the 6th International Conference on Green TechnologyMaulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University / Malang, 18-19 September 2015Effect of Polysaccharide Krestin From Coriolus Versicolor on Antibody Titer Mice ExposureDue Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Sri Puji Astuti Wahyuningsih, Nadyatul Ilma Indah Savira, Win Darmanto 412Performance Analysis of General Hospital Pharmacy of University Muhammadiyah MalangWith Customer Perspective ApproachmentIka Ratna Hidayati 418Reverse Docking Reveals Annona Muricata's Muricatocin C As A Candidate Of PparγInhibitor (A New Alternative Drug For Osteoporosis' Therapeutic)Ahmad Fauzi, Agung Pambudiono, Erna Wijayanti 424Sanguinarine Chloride as a Result of Virtual Screening For Candidate of Egfr InhibitorAgung Pambudiono, Wasiatus Sa’diyah, Yulya Fatma, Diandara Oryza 429The Characteristic Feature Of Type 2 Diabetic Animal Models Induced By High Fructose DietAng Multiple Low Dose StreptozocotinNurlaili Susanti 434The Optimization Of Eluent Chromatography Thin Layer 2-D For The Purification Of IsolatAlkaloid Of Pulai Having Potention As Anti-ToxoplasmaArief Suryadinata, Begum Fauziyah, Fitria Rahmawati 440





412Proceeding the 6th International Conference on Green TechnologyMaulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University / Malang, 18-19 September 2015

EFFECT OF POLYSACCHARIDE KRESTIN FROM Coriolus versicolor ONANTIBODY TITER MICE EXPOSURE DUE Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Sri Puji Astuti Wahyuningsih1, Nadyatul Ilma Indah Savira1, Win Darmanto11Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Surabaya, IndonesiaEmail: [email protected]

ABSTRACTThe best know commercial polysaccharopeptide preparations of Coriolus versicolor arepolysaccharopeptide krestin (PSK). One of the most important functions of PSK is theirimmunomodulatory actions. The purpose of this study was to analyze the activity of polysaccharideskrestin on antibody titer in Mus musculus were exposed to P. aeruginosa. Polysaccharide krestinfractionated and precipitated with 90% ammonium sulphate. Polysaccharide krestin given to the micestrain Balb/C. There were six treatment groups : (K) control , without giving PSK and without exposure toP. aeruginosa, (K +) positive control, giving PSK, (K -) negative control, exposure to P. aeruginosa, (P1)PSK administration before exposure to P. aeruginosa, (P2) PSK administration after exposure to P.aeruginosa, and (P3) PSK administration before and after exposure to P. aeruginosa. Polysaccharidekrestin dose was 50 mg/kg bw administered for 7 days via gavage. Exposure to P. aeruginosa done 2times with an interval of 2 weeks via intraperitoneal. Antibody titer were measured by ELISA. Data wereanalyzed by descriptive. The results showed that the polysaccharide krestin increased the antibody titer.Polysaccharides krestin can stimulate the immune response resulting from exposure to P. aeruginosa.Polysaccharides krestin can be useful as immunomodulator.

KeywordsPolysaccharide krestin, Coriolus versicolor, antibody titer, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

INTRODUCTION

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is theextracellular bacteria that cause infectionsin humans, such as urinary tract infections,respiratory tract infections, gastrointestinalinfections and dermatitis (Hauser et al.,2002). The bacteria produce enzymes andtoxins that can damage tissues (Mayasari,2005). The extracellular bacterialinternalization by the APC as macrophages,dendritic cells, B cells in association withMHC II. CD4 + T cells respond to theseassociations and produce cytokines.Cytokines can stimulate the production ofantibodies, induces local inflammation,

increase phagocytosis, and activatesmacrophages (Abbas et al., 2003).Based on the foregoing, we need a way torestore and improve the immune systemdue to bacterial infection. Material thatserves to improve the function andsuppress the overactive immune systemcalled immunomodulators. Chu et al. (2002)reported that one of them is a naturalmaterial which is useful as a therapeuticagent is a fungus Coriolus vesicolor.In vitro, yeast extract C. vesicolor effectivelystimulate the activity of T lymphocytes, Blymphocytes, monocytes / macrophages,bone marrow cells, NK cells, and killer cellsdepends lymphocytes. Mushrooms alsostimulate proliferation and or production of






INTRODUCTION








INTRODUCTION



413Proceeding the 6th International Conference on Green TechnologyMaulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University / Malang, 18-19 September 2015antibodies and a variety of cytokines suchas IL-2, IL-6, intreferon, and TNF (Chu et al.,2002).The active ingredient of Coriolus

vesicolor is a polysaccharide of (-glucan).Polysaccharides are arranged incombination with krestin protein. Thecombination of protein and polysaccharideknown as polysaccharide krestin (PSK). Thedigestion process does not affect thecontent of PSK, so effectively used orally.PSK extract has been used in Asia to treatcancer as well as to alleviate weakness,improve immunological activities, appetiteand comfort for patients (Kidd, 2000).Polysaccharide krestin has amolecular weight of about 94 KDa. PSKcontain 34-35% carbohydrate, 28-35%protein, 6-7% ash, sugar-free and aminoacids (Cui and Chisti, 2003). PSK has aphysiological activity includeimmunopotentiating by inducing theproduction of interleukin-6 (IL-6),interferon and immunoglobulin-G, suppressthe immune response(immunosuppression), increased appetiteand improve liver function, calm the centralnervous system, and increases the painthreshold (Cui dan Chisti, 2003; Zhou et al.,2007).The existence of an excessiveextracellular bacteria will cause a decreasein the body's immune system. Giving PSK isexpected to boost the immune system. Anincrease in the body's immune system canbe seen from the increase in serumantibody titers.MATERIALS AND METHODS

Production mushroom extract C. versicolor,isolation and purification of PSK. Mushroomswashed with water, then air-dried.Mushrooms cut into small pieces and put inoven at 400C for 24 hours. Mushroommashed into a coarse powder. Coarse powderwere made by the method extractsWahyuningsih et al. (2009) and Cui et al.(2007). Mushroom extract were precipitatedwith 90% ammonium sulfate. On the processproduced rough polysaccharopeptide. Itreconstituted with 90% ammonium sulphate.The suspension was dialyzed for 24 hours.The process generated PSK. PSKconcentration measurement with the phenolsulfuric acid assay.

Isolation and propagation of P.aeruginosa. Bacteria diperoleh dari BalaiBesar Laboratorium Kesehatan, Surabaya.Bacteria were grown on Mc. Concey mediaat room temperature. Subsequently, thebacteria were grown in liquid media asmuch as 20 mL for 1 days. Bacteria wereharvested. Liquid medium containing thebacteria were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for10 minutes. Supernatant was discarded,while the pellet of bacteria were used toexposure the experimental animals.Bacterial pellet was dissolved inphysiological saline solution until thesolution contains as many as 0.25 Mc.Farland.Giving PSK and exposure to P.aeruginosa in experimental animals.Giving PSK with a concentration of 50mg/kg bw conducted for 7 consecutive daysby gavage. Exposure to P. aeruginosa was asmuch as 2 times with an interval of 2 weeksvia intraperitoneal. There are 5 treatmentgroups: control, without giving PSK andwithout exposure to P. aeruginosa (K), thepositive control, giving PSK (K+), negativecontrol, exposure to P. aeruginosa (K-), PSKadministration before exposure to P.










aeruginosa (P1), PSK administration afterexposure to P. aeruginosa (P2), and theprovision of prostitutes before and afterexposure to P. aeruginosa (P3).Blood sampling and isolation of serum.After one week of the last giving PSK, heartblood of experimental animals were taken.Blood was left at room temperature for 2hours. Further blood serum was isolated bycentrifugation at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes.Measurement of antibody titer. Antibodytiter were measured by ELISA Kit. A total of100 µL of bacteria that have been sonicatedin coating the cup plate 96 wells andincubated at 4°C, 24 hours. Furthermore,the blocking with 10% BSA solution of 200µL and incubated 15 minutes at roomtemperature. Each of the wells was added100 µL of primary antibody. Antibodiesderived from serum were diluted 21 to 28and incubated at room temperature for 1hour. Then washed with 200 µL washsolution. Each of the wells was added 100µL of goat anti-mouse IgG conjugated with aconcentration of 1 ug / ml and incubated 1hour at room temperature. Then washedwith 200 µL of the wash solution wasrepeated three times. Each of the wells wasadded 100 µL of a substrate consisting ofABTS and peroxidase solution B in the ratio1: 1. Each of the wells was added 100 µLstop solution. OD value of antibodymeasured by microplate reader at awavelength of 405 nm

Data analysis. Data were analyzeddescriptivelyRESULTSAntibody titer is a laboratory testthat measures the presence and amount ofantibodies in blood. The antibody level inthe blood is a reflection of past exposure toan antigen or to something that the bodydoes not recognize as belonging to itself.The body uses antibodies to attack andremove foreign substances.An antibody titer is a measurementof how much antibody an organism hasproduced that recognizes a particularepitope, expressed as the inverse of thegreatest dilution that still gives a positiveresult. ELISA is a common means ofdetermining antibody titers. Titers ofantibodies to P. aeruginosa exposure can beseen in Table 1.Antibody titers in the control (K) was 22(OD value = 0.071), while the antibody titerin the positive control (K+) was 23 (ODvalue = 0.082). OD values at K and K + bethe benchmark for other treatment. if othertreatment OD value was more than 2 timesthe OD value at K and K + (OD value >0.160), it can be said that the antibodiesrecognize antigens still positive. On thenegative control (K-), the antibody titer was28 (OD value = 0.181). In the treatment ofP1, P2, and P3, all the antibody titers wereabove dilution 28 (OD value =








Table 1. Antibody titer after administration of PSK from C. versicolor on mice due exposure to P. Aeruginosa

Treatment ReplicationAntibody titer on dilution to ..... Mean of antibody

titer and OD value21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

K

1 0,059 0,073 0,072 0,70 0,067 0,060 0,055 0,055

22

0,071

2 0,074 0,075 0,074 0,067 0,067 0,062 0,057 0,0553 0,060 0,069 0,060 0,060 0,065 0,061 0,058 0,0514 0,058 0,067 0,066 0,066 0,061 0,060 0,060 0,049

K (+)

1 0,079 0,070 0,072 0,069 0,064 0,060 0,057 0,052

23

0,0822 0,068 0,077 0,079 0,077 0,068 0,063 0,059 0,0543 0,066 0,072 0,084 0,074 0,073 0,063 0,060 0,0514 0,081 0,081 0,091 0,091 0,081 0,073 0,060 0,060

K (– )

1 0,307 0,312 0,311 0,305 0,205 0,214 0,199 0,14628

0,1812 0,274 0,270 0,286 0,272 0,265 0,242 0,190 0,1613 0,333 0,380 0,349 0,340 0,310 0,297 0,280 0,1904 0,324 0,339 0,321 0,315 0,311 0,293 0,236 0,172

P1

1 0,385 0,357 0,327 0,298 0,276 0,267 0,267 0,267> 28

0,3602 0,483 0,433 0,566 0,557 0,542 0,516 0,481 0,4833 0,550 0,509 0,493 0,475 0,408 0,370 0,351 0,3284 0,463 0,464 0,446 0,442 0,418 0,379 0,374 0,361

P2

1 0,567 0,544 0,488 0,474 0,414 0,412 0,410 0,410

> 28

0,358

2 0,496 0,491 0,491 0,444 0,405 0,376 0,349 0,3503 0,503 0,468 0,446 0,462 0,420 0,377 0,360 0,3454 0,663 0,571 0,556 0,541 0,472 0,426 0,358 0,326

P3

1 0,576 0,491 0,535 0,500 0,498 0,456 0,444 0,414

> 28

0,332

2 0,457 0,446 0,463 0,432 0,377 0,322 0,291 0,286

3 0,471 0,462 0,452 0,431 0,404 0,368 0,328 0,305

4 0,490 0,518 0,482 0,464 0,444 0,382 0,362 0,321

DISCUSSIONAntibodies are secreted by cells ofthe adaptive immune system (B cells), andmore specificaly, differentiated B cellscalled plasma cells. A control group and apositive control produced a low OD value.This happens because there was nobacterial infection, so as not to cause animmune response. If there was no exposureto the antigen, the antibody titer was low, iethe value dilution 22-23.On the negative control group, thehigher the antibody titer by diluting thevalue of 28. This shows that the antibodieswere formed if there was exposure to

antigen. Exposure to P. aeruginosa boostedthe immune response.An antibody is used by the immunesystem to identify and neutralize pathogenssuch as bacteria and viruses. The antibodyrecognizes a unique molecule of the harmfulagent, called an antigen, via the variableregion. An antibody contains a paratope(analogous to a lock) that is specific for oneparticular epitope (similarly analogous to akey) on an antigen, allowing these twostructures to bind together with precision.Using this binding mechanism, an antibodycan tag a microbe or an infected cell forattack by other parts of the immune system,or can neutralize its target directly (for





K

1 0,059 0,073 0,072 0,70 0,067 0,060 0,055 0,055

22

0,071

2 0,074 0,075 0,074 0,067 0,067 0,062 0,057 0,0553 0,060 0,069 0,060 0,060 0,065 0,061 0,058 0,0514 0,058 0,067 0,066 0,066 0,061 0,060 0,060 0,049

K (+)

1 0,079 0,070 0,072 0,069 0,064 0,060 0,057 0,052

23

0,0822 0,068 0,077 0,079 0,077 0,068 0,063 0,059 0,0543 0,066 0,072 0,084 0,074 0,073 0,063 0,060 0,0514 0,081 0,081 0,091 0,091 0,081 0,073 0,060 0,060

K (– )

1 0,307 0,312 0,311 0,305 0,205 0,214 0,199 0,14628

0,1812 0,274 0,270 0,286 0,272 0,265 0,242 0,190 0,1613 0,333 0,380 0,349 0,340 0,310 0,297 0,280 0,1904 0,324 0,339 0,321 0,315 0,311 0,293 0,236 0,172

P1

1 0,385 0,357 0,327 0,298 0,276 0,267 0,267 0,267> 28

0,3602 0,483 0,433 0,566 0,557 0,542 0,516 0,481 0,4833 0,550 0,509 0,493 0,475 0,408 0,370 0,351 0,3284 0,463 0,464 0,446 0,442 0,418 0,379 0,374 0,361

P2

1 0,567 0,544 0,488 0,474 0,414 0,412 0,410 0,410

> 28

0,358

2 0,496 0,491 0,491 0,444 0,405 0,376 0,349 0,3503 0,503 0,468 0,446 0,462 0,420 0,377 0,360 0,3454 0,663 0,571 0,556 0,541 0,472 0,426 0,358 0,326

P3

1 0,576 0,491 0,535 0,500 0,498 0,456 0,444 0,414

> 28

0,332

2 0,457 0,446 0,463 0,432 0,377 0,322 0,291 0,286

3 0,471 0,462 0,452 0,431 0,404 0,368 0,328 0,305

4 0,490 0,518 0,482 0,464 0,444 0,382 0,362 0,321







K

1 0,059 0,073 0,072 0,70 0,067 0,060 0,055 0,055

22

0,071

2 0,074 0,075 0,074 0,067 0,067 0,062 0,057 0,0553 0,060 0,069 0,060 0,060 0,065 0,061 0,058 0,0514 0,058 0,067 0,066 0,066 0,061 0,060 0,060 0,049

K (+)

1 0,079 0,070 0,072 0,069 0,064 0,060 0,057 0,052

23

0,0822 0,068 0,077 0,079 0,077 0,068 0,063 0,059 0,0543 0,066 0,072 0,084 0,074 0,073 0,063 0,060 0,0514 0,081 0,081 0,091 0,091 0,081 0,073 0,060 0,060

K (– )

1 0,307 0,312 0,311 0,305 0,205 0,214 0,199 0,14628

0,1812 0,274 0,270 0,286 0,272 0,265 0,242 0,190 0,1613 0,333 0,380 0,349 0,340 0,310 0,297 0,280 0,1904 0,324 0,339 0,321 0,315 0,311 0,293 0,236 0,172

P1

1 0,385 0,357 0,327 0,298 0,276 0,267 0,267 0,267> 28

0,3602 0,483 0,433 0,566 0,557 0,542 0,516 0,481 0,4833 0,550 0,509 0,493 0,475 0,408 0,370 0,351 0,3284 0,463 0,464 0,446 0,442 0,418 0,379 0,374 0,361

P2

1 0,567 0,544 0,488 0,474 0,414 0,412 0,410 0,410

> 28

0,358

2 0,496 0,491 0,491 0,444 0,405 0,376 0,349 0,3503 0,503 0,468 0,446 0,462 0,420 0,377 0,360 0,3454 0,663 0,571 0,556 0,541 0,472 0,426 0,358 0,326

P3

1 0,576 0,491 0,535 0,500 0,498 0,456 0,444 0,414

> 28

0,332

2 0,457 0,446 0,463 0,432 0,377 0,322 0,291 0,286

3 0,471 0,462 0,452 0,431 0,404 0,368 0,328 0,305

4 0,490 0,518 0,482 0,464 0,444 0,382 0,362 0,321



416Proceeding the 6th International Conference on Green TechnologyMaulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University / Malang, 18-19 September 2015example, by blocking a part of a microbethat is essential for its invasion andsurvival) (Abbas et al., 2003).Giving PSK of group P1, P2, and P3increased in antibody titer. Higher antibodytiters than the negative control. OD nearly 2times the value of the negative control ODvalues (K-). It showed that PSK stimulatedan immune response becomes even higher.The high titer antibodies causedidentification and neutralization of P.

aeruginosa bacteria.PSK extracts were found effectivefor activating T lymphocytes, Blymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages,bone marrow cells, natural killer cells, andlymphocyte-activated killer cells as well aspromoting the proliferation and/orproduction of antibodies and variouscytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-6, interferons, and tumor necrotic factor(Chu et al., 2002).In some in vivo animal studies, CVextract was observed to display a broadspectrum of antibacterial and antifungalactivities against common pathogens suchas Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococus aureus, Candida albicans,Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeriamonocytogenes, and Streptococuspneumoniae (Chu et al., 2002).CONCLUSIONPolysaccharide krestin given beforeexposure to P. aeruginosa, after exposure toP. aeruginosa, also given before and afterexposure to P. aeruginosa increased theantibody titer. Polysaccharides krestincould stimulate the immune responseresulting from exposure to P. aeruginosa.Polysaccharides krestin could be useful asimmunomodulator.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTThe research was funded by the AirlanggaUniversity of DIPA DITLITABMAS for fiscalyear 2015.REFERENCESAbbas, AK., AH. Litchtman and JS. Pober.2003. Cellular and molecular

immunology, fourth edition. W.B.Saunders Company.Chu KKW., SSS. Ho, PharmD, and A. H. L.Chow. 2002. Coriolus versicolor: AMedicinal Mushroom with PromisingImmunotherapeutic Values. Journal ofClinical Pharmacology, 42:976-984.Cui J, and Chisti Y. Polisaccharopeptides ofCoriolus versicolor: physiological activity,uses. and production. 2003. Biotecnol.Adv., 109-122.Cui J, KKT Goh, R. Archer, H. Singh. 2007.Characterisation and bioactivity ofprotein-bound polysaccharides fromsubmerged-culture fermentation ofCoriolus versicolor Wr-74 and ATCC-20545 strains. J. Ind. Microbiol.Biotechnol., 34: 393–402.Hauser, A. R., E. Cobb, M. Bodí, D. Mariscal, J.Vallés, J. N. Engel, and J. Rello. 2002. TypeIII protein secretion is associated withpoor clinical outcomes in patients withventilator-associated pneumonia causedby Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Crit. CareMed. 30521-528.Kidd PM. The use of mushroom glucans andproteoglycans in cancer treatment.Altern Med Rev. 2000;5:4–27.Mayasari E. 2005. Pseudomonas aeruginosa :Karakteristik, Infeksi dan Penanganan.Departemen Mikrobiologi FakultasKedokteran Universitas Sumatera UtaraS.P.A.Wahyuningsih, W. Darmanto, N.Wiqoyah. 2009. Bioaktivitas polisakaridakrestin dari ekstrak jamur Coriolusversicolor sebagai imunomodulatorrespon imun akibat infeksi










Mycobacterium tuberculosis. LembagaPenelitian Universitas Airlangga,Zhou X, H. Jiang, J. Lin, and Tang. 2007.Cytotoxic activities of Coriolus versicolor(Yunzhi) extracts on human liver cancerand breast cancer cell line. National

Library of Medicen, CurrMedChem (online).http://www.ncbi.nim.nih.gov:80/entroz/.2007







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