Probe use while upside down

Probe use while upside downCSIRO LAND AND WATER / WATER FOR A HEALTHY COUNTRY

David McJannet & Aaron Hawdon

CosmOz Australian cosmic-ray soil moisture observing network

CosmOz - Australian cosmic-ray soil moisture observing network

• CosmOz - funded in 2010 through internal CSIRO budget

• 11 probes were purchased– last one installed June 2011

• Developed collaborative network with Uni Tas, Uni NSW, Monash Uni, Charles Darwin Uni

• Co-located with other measurements e.g. flux towers, water balance, CalVal, crop growth

• Current funding: 0.75 full time person

Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet2 |

http://www.marsdaily.com

http://www.marsdaily.com/

CosmOz monitoring locations


Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet

Bit of geography...

• 80% live within 50 km (30 miles) of coast

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CosmOz setup


Satellite link Rain gauge

Solar panel

Data logger

Pressure sensor (temperature & humidity soon)

Small concrete pad

Neutron tube(moderated)

http://cosmoz.csiro.au/cosmoz/

The CosmOz network: Data delivery



Where are we up to?• All probes installed

• Longest record – 2 yrs• Shortest record – 1.25 yrs

• Very reliable - one cable failure and one probe replaced

• Calibrations – Aiming for a wet and a dry calibration per site (at least)• 4 sites have 2+ calibrations• 6 sites have dry calibrations

• Lattice water sampling currently underway

• Data processing approaches defined and being implemented

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Observations and discussion points

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Corrections• Pressure• Vapour• Dosage

CalibrationsSurface runoffProbe corrections and data smoothing


Weany Creek 2011 – Vapour Correction

Corrections – Vapour pressure• Standard COSMOS correction applied• Where possible we use local site data• Plan to add Hydroinnova T & RH to each site

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10%


Corrections – Atmospheric Pressure• Inspired by Marek’s Hurricane Sandy slide - Cyclone Yasi• Category 5 cyclone - 285 km/h (180 m/h)

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Weany Creek Probe


Dealing with the aftermath...

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Corrections – Atmospheric Pressure• Corrections range by 20%

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Weany Creek Probe


Corrections – Cosmic-ray dose (discussion) • CosmOz cut-off rigidity varies from 2 – 13• Originally extracted site specific dosage (kspc22.unibe.ch) but

stopped in early 2012 • Moved to data from NMDB.eu using Swiss station but found some

issues after discussions with Marek...

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Corrections – Cosmic-ray dose

SolarFlare


• It does make some difference – which is more correct?

• For now CosmOz sticking with nearest Rigidity NMDB.eu site

• Keep in mind this could be important when the world ends on 21st Dec!

Corrections – Cosmic-ray dose

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SolarFlare

Up to 10% difference

Calibration of CosmOz probes

• 24 sampling points – 8 points in each of 3 concentric rings

• 3 depths at each point = 72 samples (0-5, 10-15, 25-30cm)

• Collect wet and dry soil calibration points

• Standard calibration function tuned to measurements using one free parameter



Calibration – Weany Creek

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Cosmic-ray probe and lattice water

• Lattice water samples being prepared for ACTLABS

• For now using relationship between lattice water and clay content for Australian soils



Calibration – Weany Creek

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Add in lattice water estimate


Calibration – Tullochgorum

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Add in lattice water estimate


Calibration – Robson Creek

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Add in lattice water???

Is this a soil carbon effect?


Calibration - Gnangara

• Soil almost pure silica sand

• Collected one wet calibration point (assume no lattice water)

• Applied calibration to whole time-series

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Calibration - Gnangara

• Standard curve fit not applicable (<2%!)

• Empirical fit and more data points required

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-ve!

Weany Creek -case study


Weany Creek

Weany Cr - measurement depth and fluxes


Wat

er fl

ux (m

m)

Infiltration

Drainage and evaporation


Discussion points – Probe corrections & Filtering• At least 4 four probe types – is there a need for comparison of

‘standardised count’? i.e. San Pedro

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CosmOz future directions

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Future – South East Esk Sensor Web• Smart irrigation project

• Balancing farmer, hydro-power and environment needs

• Measurements coupled with flow/rain prediction (1km grid, 6 hr)

• Near real-time decision making

• 3 cosmic-ray probes

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Future – Potential adopters• Apart from CSIRO and uni researchers the Bureau of

Meteorology is a potential adopter

• Bureau of Meteorology has interests in weather prediction and water balance accounting

• Recent seminars given to demonstrate potential uses of cosmic-ray probes

• Used combination of CosmOz and COSMOS progress

• Lots of interest in applications from various groups...no commitments as yet...watch this space!

• Hopefully you will hear more about CosmOz at future meetings

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CSIRO LAND AND WATER / WATER FOR A HEALTHY COUNTRY

David McJannet

Email [email protected]

Probe use while upside down

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