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Transcript of PROB QUESTIONS
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7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
1/23
ProbabilityOverview
In this section we will cover:
Expressing probabilities
GMAT Probability Rule #1GMAT Probability Rule #2
GMAT Probability Rule #3GMAT Probability Rule #4
Probability
You may encounter questions on the GMAT that ask the probability of
an event occuring. For instance:
Sara rolls two fair, six-sided dice. What is the probability she will
roll two 6s?
Roland flip two fair coins. What is the probability that neither of
the coins will land on tails?
A bag contains six blue marbles and six red marbles. If Teresa
randomly chooses a marble from the bag, what is the probability
that the marble is blue?
All of these problems are probability problems. Probability is a
measure of the likelihood of an event occurring.Expressing Probability
The probability of an event occurring is expressed as a
number between 0 and 1. A probability of 0 means theevent can never happen. A probability of 1 means the
event is certain to happen.
You may see probability express on the GMAT in terms of
a percent, a decimal, or a fraction. For instance, theprobability of a fair coin landing on tails can be expressed
as
Fraction 1/2
Decimal .5
Percent 50
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%
Sometimes you may see notation similar to that below:
P(A) = 1/2
This means that the probability of an event A is 1/2.
Probability Rules
There are four probability rules you need to memorize in order tomaster GMAT probability questions:
1. The probability of an event A occurring is the number ofoutcomes that result in A divided by the total number of
possible outcomes.
2. The probability of an event occurring plus the probability of
the event not occurring equals 1.
3. The probability of event A AND event B occurring is theprobability of event A times the probability of event B given
that event A has already occurred.
4. The probability of event A OR event B occurring is theprobability of event A occurring plus the probability of event Boccurring minus the probability of both events occurring.
The probability of an event A occurring is the number of
outcomes that result in A divided by the total number ofpossible outcomes.
Example: Raphael tosses a fair coin. What is the probability the
coin will come up heads?
Probability of heads = [heads]/[heads, tails]Probability of heads = 1/2
Example: Tom rolls a fair die. What is the probability that thedie will roll an even number?
Probability of even number = [2, 4, 6]/[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
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Probability of even number = 3/6Probability of even number =
Rule #2
The probability of an event occurring plus the probability of theevent not occurring equals 1.
In other words, we can say with 100% certainty that an event willeither occur or not occur. For instance, the probability of a fair, six-
sided die rolling a 4 is 1/6. The probability of the die not landing on 4is (1 - 1/6) or 5/6. 1/6 + 5/6 = 1.
This concept can be very helpful on the GMAT. Sometimes it is easierto determine the probability of an event not occurring than
determining the probability of an event occurring. Once your know theprobability of an event not occurring, you can subtract the probability
from 1 to find the probability of an event occurring.
Rule #3
The probability of event A AND event B occurring is the
probability of event A times the probability of event B giventhat event A has already occurred.
Example: Joseph rolls two fair, six-sided die. What is theprobability that both die will roll a 6?
Probability of 1st die coming up 6: 1/6
Probability of 2nd die coming up 6: 1/6
Probability of both die coming up 6: (1/6) * (1/6)Probability of both die coming up 6: 1/36
Example: A bag contains three blue marbles and three red
marbles. If two marbles are drawn randomly from the bag,
what is the probability that they are both blue?
This problem is a dependent probability. Two events are said to bedependent events if the outcome of one event affects the outcome of
the other event. The probability of drawing the second marble dependson the outcome of the first marble. If the first marble is red, there is
no possibility of drawing two blue marbles. Thus, the probability of
drawing a second blue marble is calculated after the first blue marblehas been drawn.
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Probability of drawing blue on first draw: 3/6
If a blue is drawn on the first draw, there are three red marbles and
two blue marbles remaining in the bag.
Probability of drawing blue on second draw (given that first was blue):
2/5
Probability of drawing two blue: (3/6) * (2/5)
Probability of drawing two blue: 6/30Probability of drawing two blue: 1/5
Rule #4
The probability of event A OR event B occurring is theprobability of event A occurring plus the probability of event B
occurring minus the probability of both events occurring.
Example: Charles rolls a fair, six-sided die. What is the
probability of Charles rolling a 2 or a 4?
Probability of 2: 1/6Probability of 4: 1/6
Probability of a 2 or 4: 1/6 + 1/6
Probability of a 2 or 4: 2/6
Probability of a 2 or 4: 1/3
In the previous problem, the events were mutually exclusive.
Mutually exclusive means that the events cannot occur together. There
is no way to roll a 2 and a 4 at the same time. The events in thefollowing problem are NOT mutually exclusive.
Example: Of the 100 students at a certain school, 30 students
are taking a chemistry class, 40 students are taking a physics
class, and 20 students are taking both a physics and a
chemistry class. If a student is chosen at random from theschool, what is the probability that he or she is taking a physicsor a chemistry class?
Probability of selecting a student taking a chemistry course: 30/100Probability of selecting a student taking a physics class: 40/100
Probability of selecting a student taking both classes: 20/100Probability of a selecting a student taking chemistry OR a student
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taking physics: 30/100 + 40/100 - 20/100 = 50/100 or 1/2
There are 9 beads in a bag. 3 beads are red, 3
beads are blue, and 3 beads are black. If twobeads are chosen at random, what is the
probability that they are both blue?
A. 1/81
B. 1/12
C. 2/9
D. 1/3
E. 1/4
A letter is randomly selected from the wordMississippi. What is the probability that the letterwill be an s?
A. 1/11
B. 3/10
C. 4/11
D. 1/4
E. 1/3
A certain deck of cards contains 2 blue cards, 2red cards, 2 yellow cards, and 2 green cards. If
two cards are randomly drawn from the deck,what is the probability that they will both are not
blue?
A. 15/28
B. 1/4
C. 9/16
D. 1/32
E. 1/16
A fair coin is tossed, and a fair six-sided die is
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rolled. What is the probability that the coin comeup heads and the die will come up 1 or 2?
A. 1/2
B. 1/4
C. 1/6
D. 1/12
E. 1/3
A bag of 10 marbles contains 3 red marbles and7 blue marbles. If two marbles are selected at
random, what is the probability that at least onemarble is blue?
A. 21/50
B. 3/13
C. 47/50
D. 14/15
E. 1/5
A fair, six-sided die is rolled. What is theprobability that the number will be odd?
A. 1/4
B. 1/2
C. 1/3
D. 1/6
E. 1/5A letter is randomly select from the wordstudious. What is the probability that the
letter be a U?
A. 1/8
B. 1/4
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C. 1/3
D. 1/2
E. 3/8
A bag contains 2 red beads, 2 blue beads, and 2
green beads. Sara randomly draws a bead from
the bag, and then Victor randomly draws a beadfrom the bag. What is the probability that Sara
will draw a red marble and Victor will draw ablue marble?
A. 2/13
B. 1/5
C. 1/3
D. 1/10
E. 2/15
If two fair, six-sided dice are rolled, what is the
probability that the sum of the numbers will be5?
A. 1/6B. 1/4
C. 1/36
D. 1/18
E. 1/9
If four fair coins are tossed, what is the
probability of all four coming up heads?
A. 1/4
B. 1/6
C. 1/8
D. 1/16
E. 1/32
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The probability that a certain event will occur is
5/9. What is the probability that the event willNOT occur?
A. 5/9
B. 4/9
C. 2/9
D. 1/4
E. 1/2
A certain bag contains red, blue, yellow, and
green marbles. If a marble is randomly drawn
from the bag, the probability of drawing a bluemarble is .2, the probability of drawing a red
marble is .3, and the probability of drawing ayellow marble is .1. What is the probability of
drawing a green marble?
A. .5
B. .6
C. .2
D. .4
E. .3
A bag contains 3 red marbles, 3 blue marbles,and 3 green marbles. If a marble is randomly
drawn from the bag and a fair, six-sided die is
tossed, what is the probability of obtaining a redmarble and a 6?
A. 1/15
B. 1/6
C. 1/3
D. 1/4
E. 1/18
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A fair, six-sided die is rolled. What is the
probability of obtaining a 3 or an odd number?
A. 1/6
B. 1/5
C. 1/4
D. 2/3
E. 1/2
At a certain business school, 400 students aremembers of the sailing club, the wine club, or
both. If 200 students are members of the wine
club and 50 students are members of both clubs,what is the probability that a student chosen at
random is a member of the sailing club?
A. 1/2
B. 5/8
C. 1/4
D. 3/8
E. 3/5
A bag contains six marbles: two red, two blue,and two green. If two marbles are drawn at
random, what is the probability that they are thesame color?
A. 1/3
B. 1/2
C. 1/8
D. 1/4
E. 1/5
There are five students in a study group: two
finance majors and three accounting majors. If
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two students are chosen at random, what is theprobability that they are both accounting
students?
A. 3/10B. 2/5
C. 1/5
D. 3/5
E. 4/5
Seven beads are in a bag: three blue, two red,and two green. If three beads are randomly
drawn from the bag, what is the probability that
they are not all blue?
A. 5/7
B. 23/24
C. 6/7
D. 34/35
E. 8/13
A bag has six red marbles and six blue marbles.If two marbles are drawn randomly from the
bag, what is the probability that they will bothbe red?
A. 1/2
B. 11/12
C. 5/12
D. 5/22
E. 1/3
Webdynpro Java( admin and development )
1.Introduction to SAP product strategynetweaver Architecture
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7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
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Enterprise Portal Architecture, WAS architecture
Transition from desktop to desktop
Iviews, pages, roles, workset, users, groupsCustomizing portal
Connection to SAPR/3, SAP BW, SAP CRM
Connection to ORACLE,Yahoo, google services.Various Iviews
SAP URL Iview, SAP Transaction Iview
SAP BSP Iview, SAP BW Report IviewSAP Webdynpro Iview, Webservice Iview
JDBC stored procedure Iview, Portal Activity report Iview
Single-Sign On, SAP logon tickets
Portal PersonalizationPortal Internationalization
Transporting/Import/Export EPA Files
Portal development kit
SAP R/3 Fundamentals, SAP BW FundamentalsRemote function module/RFC/BAPI
Transaction codes, internal tablesWAS Java Admin Tools
Config Tool
Visual J2ee Admin ToolSDM GUI, System Analyzer
Security-user management (users, groups)
System Landscape
SLD configurationJCO destinations
NWDI configuration
DTR TracksCMS Runtime Systems
CBS - Ready-to use Libraries
SLD Information of SystemsESS/MSS business packages
Introduction of ESS/MSS
Configuration of ESS/MSS
Customization of ESS/MSS dcsInstallation of Portal
Pre-Install, Install, Post-Install
Visual Composer Setup
Knowledge management and collaboration
Business objectives of KM
KM platform: architecture overview, real time collaboration
-
7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
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Repositories, ACL, Trex components, crawler
Permissions
Versioning in KM, Publishing documentsKM Iviews:
KM document Iview, subscription, Approval
KM navigation IviewKM quickpoll admin Iview
KM quickpoll Iview
KM XML forms builder IviewKM UPLOAD Iview
KM discussions Iview
KMC asynchronous collaboration
Versioning, permissions, lifetime in KMCollaboration launch pad,
Creating WEB Folder and using them in KM Repository
Creating and maintaining collaboration rooms
Email integrationExample based TAXONAMY
Query based TAXONAMY
Webdynpro Java (development):
Webdynpro introduction, NWDSMVC architecture\
Webdynpro user interface elements
Table, image, DDBI, DDBK, itemlistbox, progress indicator etcFile upload, file download
Value selectors
SVS, EVS, OVS
Validations (Range, length, datatype)Local dictionary, simple type, structures, java native types
Component object model
Business graphicsAdobe Interactive forms
Microsoft office integration
Data binding, table binding, structure binding.
Context mapping, model binding, views, view setsVarious controllers
Error handling, message editor, messages
Webdynpro internationlizationDebugging techniques in webdynpro
Models, developing custom BAPIs/RFCs
Using calculated attributes, supply functionsTypes of models
-
7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
13/23
Adaptive RFC model
Webservice model
Java bean modelCreating webdynpro application as Iview
SLD config, JCO destinations
Popup, external, confirmation diaglog windowsWebdynpro security programming
Application and URL parameters
Webdynpro service and Helper classesDynamic programming
Fine tuning and performance issues
Reuse concepts of development components
Reading data and values from properties files.
VISUAL COMPOSER
Visual composer setupVC architecture
Forms, tables, image managerValue helps
Formulas
Visual composer internationalizationData intensive operations
Searching, sorting, filtering, aggregates
Entry lists:
Static, dynamicData services:
BAPIs/RFCs
WebservicesBI queries
BASIS
WDA and WDJ BASICS
Webdynpro Java( a
WDA and WDJ BASICS
Webdynpro Java( admin and development )
1.Introduction to SAP product strategynetweaver Architecture
Enterprise Portal Architecture, WAS architecture
Transition from desktop to desktopIviews, pages, roles, workset, users, groups
Customizing portal
Connection to SAPR/3, SAP BW, SAP CRM
Connection to ORACLE,Yahoo, google services.
-
7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
14/23
Various Iviews
SAP URL Iview, SAP Transaction Iview
SAP BSP Iview, SAP BW Report IviewSAP Webdynpro Iview, Webservice Iview
JDBC stored procedure Iview, Portal Activity report Iview
Single-Sign On, SAP logon ticketsPortal Personalization
Portal Internationalization
Transporting/Import/Export EPA FilesPortal development kit
SAP R/3 Fundamentals, SAP BW Fundamentals
Remote function module/RFC/BAPI
Transaction codes, internal tablesWAS Java Admin Tools
Config Tool
Visual J2ee Admin Tool
SDM GUI, System AnalyzerSecurity-user management (users, groups)
System LandscapeSLD configuration
JCO destinations
NWDI configurationDTR Tracks
CMS Runtime Systems
CBS - Ready-to use Libraries
SLD Information of SystemsESS/MSS business packages
Introduction of ESS/MSS
Configuration of ESS/MSSCustomization of ESS/MSS dcs
Installation of Portal
Pre-Install, Install, Post-InstallVisual Composer Setup
Knowledge management and collaboration
Business objectives of KMKM platform: architecture overview, real time collaboration
Repositories, ACL, Trex components, crawler
PermissionsVersioning in KM, Publishing documents
KM Iviews:
KM document Iview, subscription, Approval
KM navigation Iview
-
7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
15/23
KM quickpoll admin Iview
KM quickpoll Iview
KM XML forms builder IviewKM UPLOAD Iview
KM discussions Iview
KMC asynchronous collaborationVersioning, permissions, lifetime in KM
Collaboration launch pad,
Creating WEB Folder and using them in KM RepositoryCreating and maintaining collaboration rooms
Email integration
Example based TAXONAMY
Query based TAXONAMY
Webdynpro Java (development):
Webdynpro introduction, NWDSMVC architecture\
Webdynpro user interface elements
Table, image, DDBI, DDBK, itemlistbox, progress indicator etcFile upload, file download
Value selectors
SVS, EVS, OVSValidations (Range, length, datatype)
Local dictionary, simple type, structures, java native types
Component object modelBusiness graphicsAdobe Interactive forms
Microsoft office integration
Data binding, table binding, structure binding.Context mapping, model binding, views, view sets
Various controllers
Error handling, message editor, messagesWebdynpro internationlization
Debugging techniques in webdynpro
Models, developing custom BAPIs/RFCs
Using calculated attributes, supply functionsTypes of models
Adaptive RFC model
Webservice modelJava bean model
Creating webdynpro application as Iview
SLD config, JCO destinationsPopup, external, confirmation diaglog windows
-
7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
16/23
Webdynpro security programming
Application and URL parameters
Webdynpro service and Helper classesDynamic programming
Fine tuning and performance issues
Reuse concepts of development componentsReading data and values from properties files.
VISUAL COMPOSER
Visual composer setup
VC architecture
Forms, tables, image managerValue helps
Formulas
Visual composer internationalization
Data intensive operationsSearching, sorting, filtering, aggregates
Entry lists:Static, dynamic
Data services:
BAPIs/RFCsWebservices
BI queries
Web Dynpro for ABAP | webdynpro samples
and tutorialWebDynpro for ABAP (WD4A, WDA) is the SAP standard UI ( user interface) technology for
developing Web applications in the ABAP language. It consists of a runtime environment and
a graphical development environment with special Web Dynpro tools that are integrated in
the ABAP Workbench (SE80).
Web Dynpro offers the following advantages for application developers:
The use of declarative and graphical tools significantly reduces the
implementation effort
Web Dynpro supports a structured design process
Strict separation between layout and business data
Reuse and better maintainability by using components
The layout and navigation is easily changed using the Web Dynpro tools
-
7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
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Stateful applications are supported that is, if the page is changed and the
required data remains intact so that you can access it at any time throughout the entire
application context.
Note that stateless applications are not possible.
Automatic data transport using data binding
Automatic input check
User interface accessibility is supported
Full integration in the reliable ABAP development environment
dmin and development )
1.Introduction to SAP product strategy
netweaver ArchitectureEnterprise Portal Architecture, WAS architecture
Transition from desktop to desktopIviews, pages, roles, workset, users, groups
Customizing portal
Connection to SAPR/3, SAP BW, SAP CRMConnection to ORACLE,Yahoo, google services.
Various Iviews
SAP URL Iview, SAP Transaction IviewSAP BSP Iview, SAP BW Report Iview
SAP Webdynpro Iview, Webservice Iview
JDBC stored procedure Iview, Portal Activity report IviewSingle-Sign On, SAP logon ticketsPortal Personalization
Portal Internationalization
Transporting/Import/Export EPA FilesPortal development kit
SAP R/3 Fundamentals, SAP BW Fundamentals
Remote function module/RFC/BAPITransaction codes, internal tables
WAS Java Admin Tools
Config Tool
Visual J2ee Admin ToolSDM GUI, System Analyzer
Security-user management (users, groups)
System LandscapeSLD configuration
JCO destinations
NWDI configurationDTR Tracks
-
7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
18/23
CMS Runtime Systems
CBS - Ready-to use Libraries
SLD Information of SystemsESS/MSS business packages
Introduction of ESS/MSS
Configuration of ESS/MSSCustomization of ESS/MSS dcs
Installation of Portal
Pre-Install, Install, Post-InstallVisual Composer Setup
Knowledge management and collaboration
Business objectives of KM
KM platform: architecture overview, real time collaborationRepositories, ACL, Trex components, crawler
PermissionsVersioning in KM, Publishing documents
KM Iviews:
KM document Iview, subscription, ApprovalKM navigation Iview
KM quickpoll admin Iview
KM quickpoll Iview
KM XML forms builder IviewKM UPLOAD Iview
KM discussions Iview
KMC asynchronous collaborationVersioning, permissions, lifetime in KM
Collaboration launch pad,
Creating WEB Folder and using them in KM RepositoryCreating and maintaining collaboration rooms
Email integration
Example based TAXONAMY
Query based TAXONAMY
Webdynpro Java (development):
Webdynpro introduction, NWDSMVC architecture\
Webdynpro user interface elements
Table, image, DDBI, DDBK, itemlistbox, progress indicator etcFile upload, file download
-
7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
19/23
Value selectors
SVS, EVS, OVS
Validations (Range, length, datatype)Local dictionary, simple type, structures, java native types
Component object model
Business graphicsAdobe Interactive forms
Microsoft office integration
Data binding, table binding, structure binding.Context mapping, model binding, views, view sets
Various controllers
Error handling, message editor, messages
Webdynpro internationlizationDebugging techniques in webdynpro
Models, developing custom BAPIs/RFCs
Using calculated attributes, supply functions
Types of modelsAdaptive RFC model
Webservice modelJava bean model
Creating webdynpro application as Iview
SLD config, JCO destinationsPopup, external, confirmation diaglog windows
Webdynpro security programming
Application and URL parameters
Webdynpro service and Helper classesDynamic programming
Fine tuning and performance issues
Reuse concepts of development componentsReading data and values from properties files.
VISUAL COMPOSER
Visual composer setup
VC architecture
Forms, tables, image managerValue helps
Formulas
Visual composer internationalizationData intensive operations
Searching, sorting, filtering, aggregates
Entry lists:Static, dynamic
Data services:
BAPIs/RFCs
Webservices
-
7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
20/23
BI queries
Webdynpro Java( admin and development )
1.Introduction to SAP product strategy
netweaver ArchitectureEnterprise Portal Architecture, WAS architecture
Transition from desktop to desktop
Iviews, pages, roles, workset, users, groups
Customizing portalConnection to SAPR/3, SAP BW, SAP CRM
Connection to ORACLE,Yahoo, google services.
Various Iviews
SAP URL Iview, SAP Transaction IviewSAP BSP Iview, SAP BW Report Iview
SAP Webdynpro Iview, Webservice IviewJDBC stored procedure Iview, Portal Activity report Iview
Single-Sign On, SAP logon tickets
Portal PersonalizationPortal Internationalization
Transporting/Import/Export EPA Files
Portal development kit
SAP R/3 Fundamentals, SAP BW FundamentalsRemote function module/RFC/BAPI
Transaction codes, internal tables
WAS Java Admin ToolsConfig Tool
Visual J2ee Admin Tool
SDM GUI, System AnalyzerSecurity-user management (users, groups)
System Landscape
SLD configuration
JCO destinationsNWDI configuration
DTR Tracks
CMS Runtime SystemsCBS - Ready-to use Libraries
SLD Information of Systems
ESS/MSS business packagesIntroduction of ESS/MSS
Configuration of ESS/MSS
Customization of ESS/MSS dcs
Installation of Portal
-
7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
21/23
Pre-Install, Install, Post-Install
Visual Composer Setup
Knowledge management and collaboration
Business objectives of KM
KM platform: architecture overview, real time collaborationRepositories, ACL, Trex components, crawler
Permissions
Versioning in KM, Publishing documents
KM Iviews:KM document Iview, subscription, Approval
KM navigation Iview
KM quickpoll admin Iview
KM quickpoll IviewKM XML forms builder Iview
KM UPLOAD IviewKM discussions Iview
KMC asynchronous collaboration
Versioning, permissions, lifetime in KMCollaboration launch pad,
Creating WEB Folder and using them in KM Repository
Creating and maintaining collaboration rooms
Email integrationExample based TAXONAMY
Query based TAXONAMY
Webdynpro Java (development):
Webdynpro introduction, NWDS
MVC architecture\Webdynpro user interface elements
Table, image, DDBI, DDBK, itemlistbox, progress indicator etc
File upload, file download
Value selectorsSVS, EVS, OVS
Validations (Range, length, datatype)
Local dictionary, simple type, structures, java native typesComponent object model
Business graphics
Adobe Interactive formsMicrosoft office integration
-
7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
22/23
Data binding, table binding, structure binding.
Context mapping, model binding, views, view sets
Various controllersError handling, message editor, messages
Webdynpro internationlization
Debugging techniques in webdynproModels, developing custom BAPIs/RFCs
Using calculated attributes, supply functions
Types of modelsAdaptive RFC model
Webservice model
Java bean model
Creating webdynpro application as IviewSLD config, JCO destinations
Popup, external, confirmation diaglog windows
Webdynpro security programming
Application and URL parametersWebdynpro service and Helper classes
Dynamic programmingFine tuning and performance issues
Reuse concepts of development components
Reading data and values from properties files.
VISUAL COMPOSER
Visual composer setupVC architecture
Forms, tables, image manager
Value helpsFormulas
Visual composer internationalization
Data intensive operationsSearching, sorting, filtering, aggregates
Entry lists:
Static, dynamic
Data services:BAPIs/RFCs
Webservices
BI queries
Web Dynpro for ABAP | webdynpro samplesand tutorial
-
7/28/2019 PROB QUESTIONS
23/23
WebDynpro for ABAP (WD4A, WDA) is the SAP standard UI ( user interface) technology for
developing Web applications in the ABAP language. It consists of a runtime environment and
a graphical development environment with special Web Dynpro tools that are integrated in
the ABAP Workbench (SE80).
Web Dynpro offers the following advantages for application developers:
The use of declarative and graphical tools significantly reduces the
implementation effort
Web Dynpro supports a structured design process
Strict separation between layout and business data
Reuse and better maintainability by using components
The layout and navigation is easily changed using the Web Dynpro tools
Stateful applications are supported that is, if the page is changed and the
required data remains intact so that you can access it at any time throughout the entire
application context.
Note that stateless applications are not possible.
Automatic data transport using data binding
Automatic input check
User interface accessibility is supported
Full integration in the reliable ABAP development environment