Private Rhino Ownership S.A. Private Rhino Owner’s Association (PROA)

• 400 Reserves •2.2 million ha •5000 rhino (more than the remainder of Africa) •28% of national herd •Investment in rhino +R1 billion

A proven conservation success story

Current Poaching Situation Primary Impact

• Known animals poached +1875- SA •Asset loss +R900 million •Devaluation loss +R0.5 billion •Loss in horn valueR3.5 billion

Secondary impact National and Provincial Reserves

• Less demand, fewer sales & lower price = less income (Rhino revenue offset operation costs) •Less income = budget deficit •Substantive increase in security costs (From R160 to R450 million)

Poaching Impact Private Reserves

• Direct asset loss (X% of poaching incidents) • 60% asset devaluation • Increased security costs (turn profitable to marginal) • Uncertainty in future (trade ban)

Results: Disinvestment as rhino are now a liability

Impact on Rhino:

• Less range = impact on population growth • Increased poaching = specie viability? • Results = specie decline 2016? = predicted extinction 2026? • Less value

Interdependency:

Seller (SANParks) A

B

Rhino population curve

Time Line

Buyers (Pvt. Rhino Owners)

Live

rhino

sales

Interdependency A tidal phenomena

SANParks

Pvt. Ownership Rhino

Stimulated by trade and sustainable utilization (Private sector engine room of demand)

PROA Owner Survey February 2013

• 32% response from 380 reserves (814 000 ha of 2.2 million ha) • Representing rhino population +3000 • 80% support legal hunting • 91% support lifting of domestic moratorium • 97% support legal trade in rhino horn • 47% will keep rhino - whatever • 53% uncertain / sold / selling

Rhino value to Private reserves

Direct: • Tourism = revenue • Existence = conservation asset & sale of excess animals • Trophy hunting = R90 million Forex into rhino

conservation (100 animals or 0.5% of population) helped create rhino conservation success in the 1980’s • Potential product value = horn Indirect: • Supports SA tourism industry etc.

Private ownership on a cliff edge

• Due to loss of asset and devaluation • High security costs • Potential revenue loss from hunting – Kenya application (1 of only 3 economic pillars) • Disinvestment has already resulted in: - Habitat loss of +430 000 ha - Estimates +40 reserves no longer have rhino

ILLEGAL DEMAND WILL NOT GO AWAY!

SA cannot continue with failed strategies

• 1980 – 83% Decline in black rhino population • 100 000 rhino killed across Africa in the last 45 years • +20 range states have lost all rhino despite substantive

aid • “more of same” including 1977 CITES ban not

working -Criminalise trade in horn $Benefit to criminals = Need for change in direction

Solution:

• Need to trade- Lift CITES ban • Supported by PROA, KZN Ezemvelo, SANBI,

and various credible NGO’s. (Based on sustainable utilization) • Revenue lost to SA: =1875 animals at 5kg =9375kg at $40 000? =$375 000 000

Solution:

Demand Reduction: • Educate end user market • International law enforcement • Political will and pressure Legalized and Transparent Supply: • Lift domestic moratorium • Apply for international trade

Benefits:

• Collapse illegal trade • Conservation revenue back to national , provincial

and private parks • Turn worthless stock pile into conservation revenue

SAVE RHINO’S LIVES

Conclusion:

• Future insecurity = Disinvestment • Anti trade NGO’s aiding and abetting illegal trade

without a better solution • Generally own no rhino- supported by social media

groups (public ignorance) • More of the same will not work

Conclusion:

• What will happen first? • A change in consumer demand and problem goes

away • The demise of all wild rhino as per over 20 range

states • A policy turn around based on sustainable

utilization bringing benefit to state, provincial, private and “RHINO”

Thank You