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SUNY Potsdam College Libraries Panelists: Nancy Alzo, Elizabeth Andrews, Carol Franck, Marianne Hebert, Jenica Rogers, Abby Smith

SUNY Potsdam Academic Festival 2013“Making the Future”http://pluto.potsdam.edu/academicfestwiki/

AUDIENCE ASSIGNMENT 1

Write 3 SEPARATE WORDS on the catalog card that you think describe a “Library of the Future”

AUDIENCE ASSIGNMENT 2

Write 1 WORD on the scrap paper:

• What did you do last time you visited the library?

S. R. RANGANATHAN … THEN (1931)

1. Books are for use.2. Every reader his [or her] book.3. Every book its reader.4. Save the time of the reader.5. The library is a growing

organism.

http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2012/06/buildings/national-landmark-libraries-academic-library-winners-and-honorable-mentions/

http://www.sr.ithaka.org/research-publications/us-faculty-survey-2012

http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2012/06/buildings/national-landmark-academic-library-3-william-oxley-thompson-memorial-library-ohio-state-university/

http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2012/06/buildings/national-landmark-academic-library-honorable-mentions/

Westport Public Library’s MakerSpace

TekVenture Maker StationAllen County Public Library

TekVenture Maker StationAllen County Public Library

TekVenture Maker StationAllen County Public Library

USER BEHAVIOR WILL DRIVE LIBRARY SERVICES4. Save the time of the reader.

• One in four teens are “cell-mostly” internet users 1

• 78% of teens now have a cell phone, and 47% of them own smartphones 2

• Smartphone owners aged 18 to 24 average :2,022 texts sent per month (67 texts per day)1,831 texts received per month (61 texts per day) 9

WHAT DO TEENS (12-17) DO ONLINE? 10

80% Use an online social networking site

62% Get news or information about current events or politics

48% Shop online

38% Share something that they created (artwork, photos, stories or videos)

37% Use video chat (Skype, Googletalk, etc.)

31% Look online for health, dieting, or physical fitness information

27% Record and upload videos

21% Take songs, text or images and remix it into their own artistic creation

MORE ON USER BEHAVIOR

33% of Americans own e-readers (2012), up from 18% in 2011. 4

23% of Americans (age 16+) read ebooks (2012), up from 16% in 2011. 4

86% of internet users aged 18-29 use Facebook 7

27% of internet users aged 18-29 use Twitter 7

73% of Americans say they would use an online “Ask a Librarian” service 3

BELOIT COLLEGE MINDSET: THE CLASS OF 2016 5

They have always lived in cyberspace, addicted to a new generation of “electronic narcotics.”

Their folks have never gazed with pride on a new set of bound encyclopedias on the bookshelf.

Before they purchase an assigned textbook, they will investigate whether it is available for rent or purchase as an e-book.

Despite being preferred urban gathering places, two-thirds of the independent bookstores in the United States have closed for good during their lifetimes.

Outdated icons with images of floppy discs for “save,” a telephone for “phone,” and a snail mail envelope for “mail” have oddly decorated their tablets and smart phone screens.

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY TRENDS WILL DRIVE USER EXPECTATIONS 6

Students are being assessed on collaboration and team dynamics (not just outcomes). Wikis, Skype, Google Docs, and online tools that preserve the process and the multiple perspectives will become more prevalent.

1.Cloud based technologies Where we store our work doesn’t matter. Access to our work, any time, anywhere DOES matter.

2.Online Learning will required new digital skills

Fewer face-to-face classes / more hybrid learning Ability to use digital media and navigate networked environments Ability to collaborate and communicate in a variety of online systems

GOOGLE AND THE FREE WEB

http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2007/02/05/070205fa_fact_toobin

Ranganathan’s Law #4:

Save the time of the reader

Library Classification Systems (complicated) vs.Free Web Keyword searching (easy)

“The trend for accessing information is moving toward an expectation of being able to use one start point for all research.”

Timpson, H., & Sansom, G. (2011). A Student Perspective on e-Resource Discovery: Has the Google Factor Changed Publisher Platform Searching Forever?. Serials Librarian, 61(2), 253-266. doi:10.1080/0361526X.2011.592115

“ 89 percent of college student information searches begin with a search engine”

OCLC. (2006). College Students’ Perceptions of Libraries and Information Resources. Dublin, Ohio: OCLC.

“The a-literate expect:

• instant results

• convenience (which is seen as superior to quality)

• images are at least as important as text

• if it’s not on the web, it doesn’t exist

• cut and paste is a legitimate alternative to original thought

• just enough material for the task in hand, not everything”

Law, D. (2011). “As for the future, your task is not to foresee it, but to enable it”: (Antoine de Saint Exupéry). IFLA Journal, 37(4), 269-275. doi:10.1177/0340035211430308

SO WHAT’S THE PROBLEM?

The clash: students’ “good enough” vs. faculty requirements

Background issues:

• Students don’t know what they don’t know (and who is responsible for teaching that?)

• Few people think about what is NOT in Google

• The package no longer defines the information contained in it, which means…

• Evaluation of quality is hard to do

• Searching almost anything else isn’t as easy and familiar as Google

USING THE FREE WEB

Students might:

• Find a reasonable source and/or answer• satisfice with inadequate materials•waste gobs of time trying for find something that isn’t there•Decide it doesn’t exist and give up•Ultimately move to non-free web resources

THE GOOD GOOGLE: PLAYS WELL WITH LIBRARIES

Google Scholar Links to library databases from on-campus (IP based) Beginning select off-campus proxy authentication

Google Books Provides snippits for evaluation Links to libraries (and bookstores) for full access

“Ready Reference” a la Google (and Wikipedia)

1993 2011

1993: http://www.cartoonbank.com2011: https://timlibert.me/writing/cost-of-lunch-google-information-revenue/

THE BAD GOOGLE: WANTS …MONEY, POWER, CONTROL (BWAH HAH HAH HAH!!!)The Evolution of Google

Google as business

Advertising

Information Provider (Google Books)

Information Consumer (Personal Data)

Google as a player in the library of the future…

FUTURE OF LIBRARY COLLECTIONS

1. Print collections will continue to decline in value

2. Electronic collections will continue to grow and increase in popularity

3. Remember Newsweek?

4. Academic library spaces are prime real estate: Increased demand for collaborative and other spaces It costs $4.26 per book, per year to store a book on the shelf 11

~50% of print books have never been used 7

3. Every book its reader Circulation is down 26% in academic libraries since 1991 (ACRL) 12

5. Digital repositories are making pre-1922 books readily available (HathiTrust, etc.)

E-BOOKS ARE GAINING POPULARITY SLOWLY

1. E-books can have enhanced features: full text searching, annotations, pages can be bookmarked, text-to-audio, embedded video, links to websites, interactive lessons and changeable plots.

2. E-books for consumers ≠ E-books for libraries

3. Libraries can purchase a Kindle, pay for and download 100 books, but only one patron can borrow the Kindle (with 100 books)

4. Academic e-book readers tend to be web-based

5. Downloading to hand-held readers = short term and technically challenging• Ability to highlight and add notes, is limited and

temporary

WEB BASED E-BOOK READER

Create

folders

Highlight text, add notes and

link directly

Your bookshel

f is permane

nt

HIGHLIGHT AND ADD NOTES

E-BOOKS WILL BECOME MORE LIBRARY FRIENDLY

AND PATRON FRIENDLY

Libraries usually cannot lend e-books to other libraries (Interlibrary Loan)

Some e-book vendors have “loan” periods. If you check out an e-book, no one else can use it until your loan period expires.

Some publishers limit the number of times an e-book can be loaned, at which point the library needs to purchase another copy

Publishers are restricting e-book content for libraries

Technological obstacles need to be resolved, especially for hand held devices

Tower of eBabel = Too many formats

PURCHASE-ON-DEMAND

Who should develop the library collections?

Can we trust patrons to know what they want?

Just-in-case VS Just-in-time

Interlibrary Loan is not “free”

PURCHASE-ON-DEMAND MODELS

Several models being implemented in libraries:1. Records for print books are loaded into the catalog.

Patron requests are sent to Acquisitions Department and materials are ordered RUSH.

2. Interlibrary Loan requests are submitted into ILLiad. Library staff monitor ILL requests, and if purchase is warranted (affordable, available and appropriate) the request is sent to Acquisition department to be ordered RUSH.

3. Records for e-books are loaded into the catalog. Patrons click on the link and have immediate access to browse or borrow or trigger a purchase. Library costs for loans and purchases are unpredictable.

NY 3RS DEMAND DRIVEN EBL E-BOOK PILOT

Consortial pilot project to test collaborative e-book collection building

18 members (16 Academics, 2 Public Library Systems)

18 Publishers

Members contribute funds to common account at WNYLRC to be drawn against as consortium patrons use books

7971 records loaded into catalog (published Oct. 2011- )

Purchased e-books are owned “into perpetuity” (65 so far)

Current costs:

Browsing is free

After 5 minutes browsing – loan Is triggered (24 hrs or 7 days) ($.20-$44 each loan)

Purchase is triggered on 8 loan (list price x 5).

Price cap is $250 for any title (X5).

WHAT IS DISCOVERY?

This:

Not this:

THE FUTURE OF DISCOVERY

• Better user interfaces

• Better results

• Innovative search and display methods

• Incorporates best of paid resources

AND the free web!

BUT IT’S NOT PERFECT

• Great for novices, not as great for experts

• Can’t find everything

• Doesn’t yet understand natural language

WHAT ABOUT SERENDIPITY?

≠

RECREATING THE SHELF

RECOMMENDER SYSTEMS

LINKED DATA

RFID

Radio Frequency Identification

Checkin

Checkout

Security

Inventory

Expensive

Privacy issues

RESERVE A GROUP STUDY ROOM IN CRUMB

MOBILE APP VIEW

ACCESS IN A DIGITAL CULTURE

• Intellectual Property• Copyright• Licenses• Alternate Publishing Models• Scholarly Communication• Open Access• Peer Review

RANGANATHAN’S 2ND AND 3RD LAWS

EVERY BOOK ITS READER

EVERY READER HIS BOOK

ACCESS

EVOLUTION FROM OWNERSHIP TO LICENSING

Ownership – First Sale Doctrine allows a library to lend books

Copyright Law Fair Use and Exceptions

Allows a library to share or obtain copies of articles from content they or other libraries own

Licensing of contentIncreasingly, libraries now obtain access to content by entering licensed agreements of content vendors

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, COPYRIGHT AND SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION

In 1968 early Internet developers Licklider and Taylor predicted a “global computer network of distributed intellectual resources” that would “help users share, manipulate and locate data”…but what has occurred is a “rising tension between the open architecture of the Internet and legal restrictions for online activities.” 1.

1. Reyman, Jessica. The Rhetoric of Intellectual Property: Copyright Law and the Regulation of Digital Culture. New York: Routledge, 2010. Print.

ALTERNATIVE PUBLISHING MODELS, OPEN ACCESS AND PEER REVIEW

• What constitutes “publishing”?

• Access and dollars• Digital Scholarship• Open Access• Peer Review

AUDIENCE PARTICIPATION - WORDLE RESULT

S. R RANGANATHAN THEN (1931) & NOW AND …

1. Books are for use.2. Every reader his [or her] book.3. Every book its reader.4. Save the time of the reader.5. The library is a growing

organism.

SOURCES FOR USER TRENDS AND COLLECTIONS

1. Teens and Technology 2013 by Mary Madden, Amanda Lenhart, Maeve Duggan, Sandra Cortesi, Urs Gasser. Mar 13, 2013. http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2013/Teens-and-Tech.aspx

2. Teens and Technology 2013 by Mary Madden, Amanda Lenhart, Maeve Duggan, Sandra Cortesi, Urs Gasser. Mar 13, 2013. http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2013/Teens-and-Tech.aspx

3. Library Services in the Digital Age. by Kathryn Zickuhr, Lee Rainie and Kristen Purcell. January 22, 2013. http://libraries.pewinternet.org/2013/01/22/library-services/

4. E-book Reading Jumps; Print Book Reading Declines by Lee Rainie and Maeve Duggan. December 27, 2012. http://libraries.pewinternet.org/2012/12/27/e-book-reading-jumps-print-book-reading-declines/

5. Beloit College Mindset List. http://www.beloit.edu/mindset/2016/

6. 2012 top ten trends in academic libraries A review of the trends and issues affecting academic libraries in higher education ACRL Research Planning and Review Committee. http://crln.acrl.org/content/73/6/311.full

7. Attis D, Koproske C. Thirty trends shaping the future of academic libraries. Learned Publishing [serial online]. January 2013;26(1):18-23.

8. The Demographics of Social Media Users — 2012 (Feb 14, 2013) by Maeve Duggan, Joanna Brenner http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2013/Social-media-users/The-State-of-Social-Media-Users.aspx

9. CHART OF THE DAY: Kids Send A Mind Boggling Number Of Texts Every Month,by Alex Cocotas (March 22, 2013) Business Insider, http://www.businessinsider.com/chart-of-the-day-number-of-texts-sent-2013-3#ixzz2ON3Xb9rg

10. Trend Data (Teens) http://www.pewinternet.org/Static-Pages/Trend-Data-%28Teens%29.aspx

11. "On the Cost of Keeping a Book”by Paul N. Courant and Matthew Nielsen (2009):  http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub147/pub147.pdf

12. Anderson R. PRINT ON THE MARGINS. Library Journal [serial online]. June 15, 2011;136(11):38-39. http://webproxy.potsdam.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lih&AN=61428301&site=ehost-live&scope=site

IMAGE SOURCES – MAKER SPACES

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/kakissel/6165114664/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/creative_tools/8080035591/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/fabcafe/8459306528/in/photostream/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/creative_tools/4619199174/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/creative_tools/5924881693/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/sethoscope/3985762567/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/kans1985/2019768277/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/steevithak/5015721515/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/lbmixpro/3605314938/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/philliecasablanca/4338175245/

IMAGE SOURCES – MAKER SPACES

• http://blog.thehenryford.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/hypecenter-700x525.jpg

• http://www.ilovefc.com/E-FE-MakerSpace.JPG

• http://tekventure.org/maker-station/

• http://www.flickr.com/photos/wbaiv/5764557986/

• http://www.makerlibrarian.com/page/4/

• http://www.dc.umich.edu/dl1/

• http://cnr.ncsu.edu/prtm/research/visualization_lab.php

• http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/cdm/videoediting

• http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/cdm/audioproduction

• http://communication.utexas.edu/technology/dml/

• http://www.fastcodesign.com

• http://chronicle.com/blogs/percolator/lab-equipment-made-with-3-d-printers-could-cut-costs-by-97/32447

IMAGE SOURCES

• http://sustainability.ncsu.edu/uncategorized/the-sustainable-side-of-hunt-library

• http://library.buffalostate.edu/

• http://uscp.ent.sirsi.net/client/default

• http://www.amazon.com

• http://www.netflix.com