Printable Flash Cards: (A- to EMBRYO-)

1. A-without or lack ofa/men/orrheawithout or lack of/monthly/flow

2. AB-away (away from)ab/norm/alaway (away from)/normal or regular/refers toab/ducensaway/draw or lead

3. -ABLEcapable of or ability toerg/ablework/capable ofrelated term(s): -IBLE

4. ABORT/IO-to miscarry (natural or induced)abort/ionto miscarry (natural or induced)/procedure of or process of(discharge of the embry/o 'early' or fet/us 'young' deliberate or not)

5. ABRUPT/IO-to tear away fromabruptus placentaeto tear away from (separate quickly) / cake

6. ABSCESSa going awayabscessa going away(tissue disintegration & displacement: 'Staph' infection forming pus)

7. ACNEpointedAcne/formpointed/shape(ACNE is a bacterial inflammation of the hair follicle and sebaceous 'oil' gland. Similar infections may

cause acne or form lesions)

8. ACOUST/I-hearingacoust/ichearing/refers torelated term(s): AUDI-

9. ACR/O-extremities, height, and pointedacro/megal/yextremities/enlarged/refers toacro/phob/iaheight/fear/refers toacr/om/ialextremity/shoulder/refer to

(lateral triangle spine-like projection of shoulder blade forming the point of shoulder & articulating with clav/icle 'key little' or collarbone)

10. ACTIN/O-sun, ray, radiumactino/myco/sissun, ray, radium/fungus/condition (growth)

11. ACU-sharpacu/itysharp/process of(seeing sharply or clearly)acutequick, sudden, sharply

12. -ACrefers to, pertains to, or state ofcardi/acheart/refers to, pertains to, or state ofrelated term(s): -AL, -AR, -ARY, -ATE, -EUM, -IAC, -IC, -ICAL, -ILE, -IS, -IUM, -ORY, -OUS, -UM, -US

13. AD-near or beside

ad/ren/alnear or beside/kidney/refers to(the ad/ren/al gland is located on top of kidney)

14. ADEN/O-glandaden/ectomygland/removal(the following are common glands: lymph nodes, oil, sweat, and endocrine)

15. ADIP/O-fatadip/omafat/tumor(adip/oma is also known as lip/oma)related term(s): steato-, lipo-

16. AER/O-air or gasaero/celeair or gas/distension of cavity (like a tumor)

17. AF-towardaf/ferenttoward/to carry(nerve or blood flow toward a structure)

18. ALB/O-whitealbin/ismwhite/state of(albo-, leuco-, leuko- all mean white)

19. ALGES/I-painan/alges/icwithout/pain/refers torelated term(s): -AGRA, -ALGIA, DOLO-, -DYNIA

20. -ALGIApain

neur/algianerve/painrelated term(s): -AGRA, ALGESIA-, DOLO-, -DYNIA

21. ALOPEC/I-fox mange or baldnessalopec/iafox mange or baldness/refers to

22. ALVEOL/I-cavityalveol/ussmall hollow or cavity (tooth socket and lung air sack)/refers torelated term(s): SIN/O-

23. AMBI-bothambi/later/alboth/sides/refers toambi/dextr/ousboth/right (dominant hand)/refers to or state of(dextero = right, sinistro = left)

24. AMBUL/O-to walkambul/atoryto walk or walking/process of

25. AMPHI-bothamphi/arthr/osisboth sides/joint/condition of

26. AMYLO-starchamyl/uriastarch/in urineamyl/asestarch/enzyme

27. AN-lack of or without

an/orex/ialack of or without/appetite/refers to

28. AN/O-ringan/alring (sphincter of anus)/refer to

29. ANA-apart or upana/tom/yapart or up/cut/procedure of or process ofana/phaseup/stage(mitosis stage when chromosomes move up or apart)

30. ANGI/O-vesselangi/omavessel/swelling or tumorrelated term(s): VAS/O-

31. ANGIN/O-Vesselangin/a (Refers to a vessel condition of choking or blocking of blood flow to the heart muscle. which usually results in chest discomfort or pain.)

32. ANKYL/O-fuse or bindankylo/spondylo/itisfuse or bind, stiff, crooked/spine/inflammation

33. ANTE-beforeante/nat/albefore/birth/pertain toante/pyrect/icbefore/fever/refers to

34. ANTER/O-before or foremost

anter/iorbefore or foremost (in front)/refers to

35. ANTHRAXcoal or carbuncleanthr/axcoal or carbuncle/a lesion(Types of Anthrax: Cerebral, Pulmonary, Cutaneous, and/or Intestinal)alternate spelling: ANTHR/O-

36. ANTI-againstanti/sept/icagainst/infection/refers toanti/bio/ticagainst/life/refers to

37. ANEURYSM-dilation or ballooninganeurysm/oplastydilation or ballooning (usually blood vessel)/surgical repair

38. -APHERESISto remove or separate (blood into parts)leuk/aphere/sisWBC/to remove or separate (blood into parts)/condition of(separate blood into component parts or remove toxins)

39. APO-above or uponapo/plex/yabove or upon/paralyzed/process of

40. AQUA-wateraqua/therap/ywater/treat/process or procedurerelated term(s): HYDRO-

41. ARACHINO-spiderarach/oid

spider/resemblesrelated term(s): ARACHN/O-

42. ARCHE/O-firstarche/typefirst or original/form or shape (it produces other forms)

43. -ARIAairmal/ariabad/air(determined to be caused by protozoa carried by mosquitos)

44. ARTERI/O-arteryarterio/gramartery/recordingarterio/scler/osisartery/hard/conditionarter/iol/omaartery/small/swelling

45. ARTHR/O-jointarthro/scop/icjoint/viewing or examining/pertains to

46. ARTICUL/O-jointedarticula/tionjointed/process of(the place of union between two or more bones)

47. -ARrefers to or pertains topatell/arlittle dish (kneecap)/refers toRelated Term(s): -AC, -AL, -ARY, -ATE, -EUM, -IAC, -IC, -ICAL, -ILE, -IS, -IUM, -ORY, -OUS, -UM, -US

48. ASCAR/I-wormascari/asisworm/condition of(round nematode worm usually infecting intestines)helminthiasis (worm condition); vermiform (worm/shape)related term(s): HELMINTH/O-, VERMI-

49. -ASEenzymelip/asefat/enzyme

50. -ASTHENIAweaknessmy/astheniamuscle/without strength; or having weaknessneur/asthenianerve/weakness

51. ASTHMA-pantingasthma/ticpanting/refers to

52. ATELO-incomplete, without end, imperfect endingatelo/spir/osisincomplete, without end, imperfect ending/breathing/condition of

53. ATHERO-porridge or yellow fatathero/scler/osisporridge or yellow fat/harden (in lumen of blood vessels)/condition or disease(athero/scler/osis kills 45% of U.S. population)

54. -ATIONprocess of or procedure ofcircul/ationcircle/process of(blood moving from heart and returning)

cardio/graph/yheart/instrument to record/procedure ofrelated term(s): -AGE, -IATION, -ING, -ION, -TION, -Y

55. -ATRESIAclosureven/atresiavein/closure(abnormal closure of body opening-occlusion)

56. ATRI/O-chamberatri/umchamber/refers to(corridors or chambers at top of heart)

57. ATTRIT/I-wearing outattrit/ionwearing out/process of

58. AUDI-hearingaudi/olog/yhearing/science of or study of/procedure or process ofaudio/meterhear/measurementrelated term(s): ACOUST/I-

59. AUR/I-earaur/alear/pertains to

aur/icleear/small or little

60. AUSCULT/O-to listenauscult/ationto listen (physical diagnosis)/process of

61. AUTO-selfauto/hypn/osisself/sleep/condition of(simulated sleep in alpha brain state of consciousness)aut/ismself/state of

62. AVULS/I-to tearavuls/ionto tear/process of (ligaments torn from bones)related term(s): spadi-

63. BACILL/O-rod-likebacill/usrod-like (bacteria)/ refers to

64. BACTERI/O-rodbacter/iarod/refers to(rod was the first bacteria viewed under microscope)

65. BALAN/O-penisbalan/itispenis/inflamed(also refers to the female clitoris)

66. BARO-weightbaro/gnosisweight/prediction (knowledge)

67. BAS/O-basic or at basebas/al (metabolism)basic or at base/refers to

68. BENE-good or normalbene/fitgood or normal/suited for

69. BENIGN-kindbenign/iformkind/shape or appearance(tumor in capsule: slow growing and expansive, not invading)

70. BERI-weaknessberi/beriweakness/weakness(vitamin B1 or thiamine deficiency disease)

71. BI-twobi/cepstwo/headed (muscle)related term(s): CO-, BIN-, DI-, DIPLO-, DUO-, DYO-

72. BIL/I-bile or gallbili/arybile or gall/refers to or state of(liver substance stored in gallbladder)

73. BIN-twobin/ocul/artwo/eyes/refers torelated term(s): CO-, BI-, DI-, DIPLO-, DUO-, DYO-

74. BIO-lifebio/log/ylife/science of or study of/process of

75. -BLASTbeginning or young

osteo/blastbone/beginning or young cells(embryonic primitive cells found in the body systems)

76. BLEB/O-blisterbleb/icblister or bulla 'bubble'/refers to(bleb/ic is a bulb or blister that often is filled with blood)related term(s): BULLA-, BULBA-

77. BLENNO-mucusblen/omamucus/tumor or swelling

78. BLEPHARO-eyelidblephar/omaeyelid/swelling or tumorrelated term(s): PALPEBRA-

79. BOL/O-lump or ballbol/uslump or ball, choice bit of food (in stomach), to throw up /refers to

80. BRACH/I-armbrachi/alarm/refers to(humerus is the bone of upper arm)

81. BRACHY-shortbrachy/dactyl/iashort/fingers (and toes)/refers to

82. BRADY-slowbrady/pneaslow/breathing

83. BREVI-shortbrev/ityshort/state of

84. BRONCH/I-windpipe or trachea likebronchi/alwindpipe or trachea like (large lung tubes)/refers to

85. BRUX-grindingbrux/ismgrinding (teeth)/state of

86. BUCCA-cheekbucc/alcheek/pertains to

87. BULBAblister or vesicleBulb/usblister or vesicle (little sac)/refers torelated term(s): BULLA-, BLEB/O-

88. BULIMO-hungerbulim/ichunger or appetite (excessive)/refers to or condition of(eating and purging syndrome)

89. BURS/O-sac, wine sac, pouchburs/asac, wine sac, pouch/refers to(protective pad-like structure in joints)

90. CAL/O-heat, heated or hotcal/or

heat, heated or hot/one who is(1 of 4 characteristics of inflammation: calor-heat; rubor-red; tumor-swelling; and dolor-pain)

91. CALCIN/O-calciumcalcin/osiscalcium/condition of(excessive calcium buildup on bones)

92. CALCO-pebbles or granules of calcium mineralcalc/iumpebbles or granules of calcium mineral/pertains tocalc/ureapebbles or granules of calcium mineral in urine

93. CALX-heel or limecalx/ectom/yheel (foot bone)/removal/procedure of

94. CANDID/I-glowing whitecandidi/asisglowing white (fungus infection)/condition of

95. CANTH/O-corner of eyecantho/plast/ycorner of eye (eyelid)/cosmetic or plastic surgery/procedure of

96. CAPILL/O-hair-likecapill/aryhair-like/pertains to or refers to(little blood vessels)

97. CAPIT/O-headcapit/alhead/refers torelated term(s): CAPUT, CEPHAL/O-

98. CAPN/O-carbon dioxidecapno/graphcarbon dioxide (or smoke)/instrument(instrument used in exercise physiology to measure CO2)

99. CAPUTheadcaput femorishead or head of (chief part of structure or organ)/thigh bonerelated term(s): CEPHAL/O-, CAPIT/O-

100. CARBUN/O-glowing embercarbun/cleglowing ember/small(numerous boils)related term(s): CARBUNCUL/O-

101. CARCIN/O-crab-likecarcino/gen/iccrab-like/producing/refer to(cancer causing)

102. CARDI/O-heartperi/card/itisaround/heart/inflammation(inflamed 2 layered membrane of heart: causing pain)(car-; card-; cardi-; cardio- all refer to the heart)

103. CARP/O-wristmeta/carp/albeyond/wrist/refers to

104. CATA-breakdown or downcata/bol/ismbreakdown or down/choice bit of food or lump/state of

105. CATARACTwaterfall or cloudinesscataractwaterfall or cloudiness(eyes lens under the cornea that is impervious to light)

106. CATARRH-to flow downCatarrh/alto flow down/refers to(any drainage from mucus membrane: especially in the nose, sinuses, and throat)

107. CATHETER/O-to let down intocatheter/iz/ationto let down into/act of/procedure of

108. CAUD/O-tail or toward tailcaud/altail or toward tail/refer to

109. CAUST/O-burn or heatcaus/ticburn or heat/refers torelated term(s): CAUS-, CAUTER/O-

110. CAUTER/O-to burn or to heatcauter/iz/ationto burn or to heat/act of/procedure ofrelated term(s): CAUS-, CAUST/O-

111. CAV-hollowcav/ityhollow/state of or refers to

112. CEBO-meal or food

ceb/ummeal or food/pertain to(cena- and dino- also means dinner)

113. CEC/O-blind pouchCeco/pexyblind pouch/surgically attached to abdominal wall(dead end pouch or 1st part of colon -right side)

114. -CELEswelling or tumorlaparo/celeabdominal/swelling or tumor

115. CELI/O-abdomen or bellyceli/omaabdomen or belly/tumor

116. CELLUL/O-chamberscellul/itischambers or body cells (tissues are cell groups)/infection

117. CEMENT/O-hardcement/umhard/refers to(tooth root covering)

118. -CENTESISsurgical puncture to drain fluidthoraco/centesischest/surgical puncture to drain fluid (procedure)

119. CENTI-one-hundredth part (100)centi/meterone-hundredth part (100)/of meter(metre- or -meter means to measure & a meter is 39.37 inches)

120. CENTR/I-centerCentri/fug/alCenter (middle of circle)/to flee/refers to(heavy particles move to bottom or outside from the center)

121. CEPHAL/O-headen/cephal/itiswithin/head/inflamed(refers to brain within the head)related term(s): CAPIT/O-, CAPUT

122. -CEPT-receiverchemo/cept/orchemical or drug/receiver or to recieve/one who

123. CEREB/O-braincerebr/albrain/refers to or pertains to

124. CERU-waxcerumen/ouswax (in ear)/refer to or state of

125. CERV/I-neckcerv/icalneck (seven upper vertebrae of spine)/refers to

cerv/ixneck/pertains to

126. CHALAZ/IO-hailstoneChalaz/ionhailstone (eyelid sebaceous cyst)/process of(tumor that is small and hard on the eyelid)

127. CHANCR/O-ulcer (sore)chancr/oidulcer (sore)/resembles(this V.D. has granular lesions that form ulcers or sores like syphilis)

128. CHEIL/O-lipcheil/omalip/tumoralternate spelling: CHILO-

129. CHIRO-handchiro/pract/orhand/practice/one who(mano also means hand)

130. CHLOR/O-greenchlor/emiagreen (chlorides)/in blood

131. CHOLANGIO-bile ductcholang/itisbile duct/inflamed

132. CHOLE-bile or gallchole/sterol

bile or gall (ingredient of)/ solid(Chole 'bile' is used to refer to anything related to bile: CHOLE/DUCTO- = bile duct, CHOLE/CYTO- = bile sac)

(Hyper/cholesterol/emia is the increase in cholesterol levels in the blood. Normal Levels: 160 to 200 mg/dcl. Blood vessels become plaqued 'occlusion-closure' and it can be seen in

the skin & eyes. Remember body hormones & enzymes also need cholesterol)

133. CHOLECYST/O-gallbladdercholecyst/ectomygallbladder/removal

134. CHOLEDOCH/O-gallbladder duct (canal)choledoch/ectomycommon bile duct/removal or excision(duct removed from the liver and gallbladder)alternate spelling: CHOLEDUCTO-

135. CHOLERAbiliary acute diarrheacholerabiliary acute dia/rrhea(bowel or intestinal diarrhea 'flow'. The bacteria causes de/hydra/tion and death)

136. CHONDR/O-cartilagechondr/omacartilage/tumordys/chondro/plas/iafaulty/cartilage/formation or development/refers to

137. CHROM/O-coloredchromo/somecolored/body(23 pair in each body cell - see Watson-Crick Helix Chromosome Model)

138. CHYME-juicea/chym/ialack of/juice/condition(small intestinal juices are lacking: lack of food, liquids, and juices)alternate spelling: CHYLE-

139. -CICATRIX

scarbrachio/cicatrixarm/scar

140. -CIDto killsui/cid/aloneself/to kill/refers to

141. CIL/I-eyelash-likecil/iaeyelash-like (structures lining lungs)/refers to

142. CINE/O-movement filmingcine/angio/cardio/graph/ymovement/vessel/heart/filming instrument/procedure

143. CIRCUM-aroundcircum/flexaround/bendcircum/cis/ionaround/cut/process ofcircum/duct/ionaround/movement/state of

144. CIRRH/O-yellow-orangecirrh/o/sisyellow-orange (jaundiced) or yellow/condition of(disease or infection causing liver failure: bile pigments remain in the body and blood resulting in color abnormality)

145. -CIScut or to cutin/cis/ioninto/cut/procedure ofrelated term(s): sect/o-

146. -CLASTbreakdownosteo/clastbone/breakdown of cellscyto/clas/iscell/breaking/refers torelated term(s): -CLAS

147. CLAVICUL/O-collarboneinfra/clavicul/arbeneath/collarbone or clavicle (little key shape)/refer to

148. CLEIDO-clavicle or collar bonesterno/cleido/mast/oidsternum/clavicle, collar bone/breast/resemble

149. CLINO-bentclino/dactyliabent/finger or toe

150. -CLYSISirrigation or injectionhydro/clysiswater/irrigation or injection

151. CO-twoco/llater/al liga/menttwo (2 outer knee ligaments)/sides/refers: binding/act ofco-operat/ivetwo/working/state ofrelated term(s): BI-, BIN-, DI-, DIPLO-, DUO-, DYO-

152. COAGUL/O-clotting or to clotcoagul/ationclotting or to clot/process of

153. -COCCUS

berrystaphylo/coccusgrapelike/ berry (shape of bacteria)

154. COCCYG/O-tailbonecoccyg/ealtailbone/refers to or small

155. COCHLE/O-snail-likecochle/arsnail-like/pertain to(lower part of inner ear: for hearing sound)

156. COL/O-colon (big or large intestine)col/os/tom/ycolon (big or large intestine '5 feet long')/mouth or opening/cut/procedure ofrelated term(s): COLON/O-

157. COLPO-vaginacolp/itisvagina/inflamed

158. COM-togethercom/press/iontogether/contract/process ofcom/minuted fracturetogether/small: breakrelated term(s): CON-, SYM- SYN-

159. COMATO-deep sleepcomat/osedeep sleep/condition or state

160. CONCUSS/I-violent shakingconcuss/ion

violent shaking/process of(brain injury resulting in bleeding, headaches, and other symptoms)

161. CONDYLO-knucklecondyl/omaknuckle (nob)/tumor or swellings(bone and wart points or projection)

162. CONI/O-dustpneumo/coni/osislung/dust/condition

163. -CONIScone-shapedkerato/coniscornea/cone-shaped(outer covering of iris 'cornea' elevated or protrudes)

164. CONJUNCTIV/O-joined togetherconjunctiv/itisjoined together (united)/inflammation(inflammation of the membrane that covers the eye and the eyelid 'they join' or unite at the back of eyelid and at base of the sclera.)

165. CONTRA-againstcontra/cept/ionagainst/heads (coming together)/process of

166. CONTUS/I-bruisecontus/ionbruise/process of(non-broken skin injury with pain, swelling, & discolored)

167. CONVOLO-to roll togetherconvol/ution

to roll together/pertains to

168. CORD-vocal chords or cordcord/itisvocal chords/inflamedrelated term(s): CHORDO-

169. CORI/O-skincori/umskin/refers torelated term(s): CUT-, CUTI/O-, DERMAT/O-, DERMO-, -PELL

170. CORNE/O-cornea or horn shapecorne/itiscornea or horn/inflamed(horn shape structure 'cornea' that covers the eyes iris and pupil covering)

171. CORNU-horn or hornystratum cornu (corneum)layer/horn or horny (upper epidermis skin layer)

172. CORON/O-crowningcoron/arycrowning (heart blood vessels)/refer to

173. CORONAL PLANEcrowning or frontal body cutcoron/alcrowning or frontal body cut/refers to (downward cut through coronal suture right to left of skull cuts the body into a front and back part. Also known as 'FRONTAL PLANE')

174. CORP/O-bodycorp/usbody/refers to(corpus pediculosis means 'body lice')

175. CORTIC/O-bark, outer bark, rind, cortexcortico/ster/oidbark, outer bark, rind, cortex/solid/resemble

176. COST/O-ribcost/alrib/refer torelated term(s): PLEURO-

177. CRANI/O-skullcrani/otom/yskull (cranium)/cut into/procedure ofcrani/alskull/refer to

178. -CREASfleshy or fleshpan/creasall/fleshy or flesh(this is the appearance of a 6" compound gland in the abdominal cavity)

179. CRENAT/O-notchedcrenat/ionnotched/process of(irregular shaped red blood cells)

180. -CRINEsecreteendo/crinewithin/secrete (into blood)exo/crineoutside/secrete (into duct or canal)

181. -CRITseparatehemato/critblood/separate

182. CRUC/I-cross or cross-likecruci/atecross (shape)/state of or condition of(crossing ligaments in knee: ACL and PCL)

183. CRYO-coldcryo/therap/ycold/treat or cure (killing cells)/procedure of

184. CRYPTO-hiddencrypt/orchid/ismhidden/testis/state of or condition of

185. CUB/O-cube or cube-shapedcub/oidcube or cube-shaped/resemble(an ankle bone shaped like a cube)

186. CUBIT/O-elbowcubit/alelbow, forearm region/refer toelbow region

187. CULD/O-blind pouchculdo/scop/yblind pouch/viewing/procedure of(an instrument examines the pelvic viscera 'organs' with an endo/scop/e after introducing it through the posterior fornix 'arch' cul-de-sac 'blind pouch' wall of the vagina)

188. -CULElittlemole/culemass/little

(small quantity can be divided without loss of characteristics)related term(s): -ICLE, -IOLE, -ULE, -ULA

189. CURRETT/O-scooping or scrapingcurett/agescooping or scraping/refers to(carried out inside uterus 'abortion' or to remove a skin lesions)

190. -CUSIShearingan/cusiswithout/hearing

191. CUSP/I-pointedcusp/idpointed (end)/refers to(pointed flaps of heart valves or teeth)

192. CUTI/O-, CUT-, CUTI-skincut/icleskin/littlesub/cut/aneousunder/skin/refers to(the word part CUTIO- is a suffix, the words part -CUTIS is a prefix)related term(s): CORI/O-, CUT-, DERMAT/O-, DERMO-, -PELL

193. CYAN/O-bluecyan/osisblue/condition of

194. CYCL/O-circlecycl/itiscircle/inflamed(muscles around iris or rainbow of eye are inflamed)

195. -CYESISpregnancy

multi/cyesismany/pregnancy

196. CYST/O-bladder or saccyst/itisbladder or sac/inflamedalternate spelling: CYSTrelated term(s): CYSTI-

197. CYTE-cell or chambercyt/olog/ycell or chamber/study of or science of/process ofrelated term(s): CYT-, CYTH-

198. -CYTOSISincrease in numbersleuco/cytosiswhite (WBC)/ increase in numbers

199. DACRYO-teardacry/doct/itistear/duct/inflamedrelated term(s): LACRIMO-

200. DACTYLO-digits (fingers and toes)lipo/dactyl/iafat/digits (finger or toes)/refers to

201. DE-awayde/gluti/tionaway/swallowing/process ofde/formaway/shape

202. DECI-one-tenth (1/10)deci/literone-tenth(1/10) / liter(Deca- means 10)

203. DEEPmost inwarddeepmost inward(structure more internal than another)

204. DEKA-tendeka/gramten/grams(15.432 grains = 1 gram; 28.35 grams = 1 ounce)

205. DELTAfan shaped or triangulardelt/oid (shoulder muscle)fan shaped or triangular/resembles

206. DEM/O-peopleDem/o/graphypeople/procedure of recording with an instrument

207. DEMI-halfdemi/facethalf/little face(superior and inferior projections of the vertebral arch)related term(s): DEMI-, HEMI-, SEMI-

208. DENDR/O-tree shapeddendr/itetree-shaped/state of

209. DENT/O-tooth or teethdent/altooth or teeth/pertains torelated term(s): DONT/O-

210. DEPRESS/O-lowerdepress/orlower/one who

211. DERM/O-skinpachy/derm/althick/skin/pertains torelated term(s): CORI/O-, CUT-, CUTI/O-, DERMAT/O-, DERMO-, -PELL

212. DERMAT/O-skindermato/phyteskin/plant(fungus or other plant that causes parasitic skin diseases)dermat/itisskin/inflamed(Remember: -mat, -mata, -matosis mean many, multiple, extensive)related term(s): CORI/O-, CUT-, CUTI/O-, DERMO-, -PELL

213. -DESISbinding or to bindligo/desisto bind/binding(surgical procedure to reattach ligaments to bone) 214. DEXTR/O-rightdextro/card/iaright/heart/refers to(tilting of heart to the right)

215. DIA-across, through, total, betweendia/phragmacross, through, total, complete, between/petition or walldia/meteracross/measuredia/gnosistotal/knowledgedia/stole'between/contractions'

216. -DIDYMUStestis or testeepi/didymusupon/testis or teste(coiled structure on top of teste 'seed producer')

217. DIFFERENT-to separatedifferent/ial dia/gnosisto separate or apart/refers to: total/knowledge(different/ial dia/gnosis - also known as D.D. means to identify the differences between two or more similar conditions)related term(s): -DEFERENS

218. DIGIT-finger or toeDigit/alfinger or toe/refer todigit/atefinger or toe/action of or refers to

219. DIPLO-double or twodipl/op/iadouble or two/sight or vision/refers to(person experiencing double vision)related term(s): CO-, BI-, BIN-, DI-, DUO-, DYO-

220. DIPS/O-thirst or thirstypoly/dips/iamany/thirst or thirsty/refer tomulti/dips/iamany/thirst or thirsty/pertain to

221. DIPHTHER/I-membranediphther/iamembrane/refer to(Klebs Loeffler Bacteria identified with the 'Schick Test'. The membrane forms in 2 days on the body. Organism causes toxicity & breathing problems.)

222. DIS-away from or reverseddis/easeaway from or reverse/comfort or ease

223. DIST/O-farther fromdist/alfarther from/refer to

224. DIVERTICUL/O-outpouchingdiverticul/itisoutpouching/inflamed(rugae or folds usually of the large intestine become inflamed)

225. DOCH/O-duct or canalchole/doch/itisbile or gall/duct or canal/inflamed

226. DOCT/O-to teach or teacherdoct/or (Latin docere)to teach or teacher/one who

227. DOL/O-paindol/orpain/one who (causes)related term(s): -AGRA, ALGESIA-, -ALGIA, -DYNIA

228. DORS/O-backdors/alback (posterior)/refers to(e.g. the top or back of a dog, the back of a standing human)dorsi/flex/orthe back/to bend/one who

229. DROMO-runningdromo/maniarunning/madnesspro/drom/albefore/running/pertains to(this is a specific phase of an infection: after incubation and before convalescence stages of the disease)

230. DUCT/O-to draw or to lead awayab/duct/ionaway/to draw or to lead away (motion)/process of 231. DUODEN/O-twelveduoden/itistwelve/inflamed(duodenum is the first part of the small intestine) 232. DURA-harddura materhard: mother(outermost layer of membrane called the meninges that cover the brain and spinal cord)

233. DY/O-two or a pairdy/adtwo or a pair/refers to(pair of chromosomes formed during meiosis 'reduction division of gametes')related term(s): CO-, BI-, BIN-, DI-, DIPLO-, DUO-

234. DYNAM/O-work or strengthdynam/icswork or strength/refers todynamo/meterstrength/measurement(measure the strength of muscles)

235. -DYNIApaincoccygo/dyniatailbone (coccyx)/painrelated term(s): -AGRA, ALGESIA-, -ALGIA, DOLO- 236. DYS-difficult, faulty, painfuldys/toc/iadifficult or painful/birth/pertains todys/chondro/plas/iafaulty/cartilage/development/refers todys/meno/rrheapainful/monthly/flow

237. -E (suffix)instrumentrhino/scop/enose/view or examine/instrumentrelated term(s): -graph

238. E- (prefix)out or removee/viscer/ateout or remove/organs/act of or state ofrelated term(s): ec-, ect-, ex-, ext-

239. EC-outside, outward, outer, outec/top/icoutside/location/pertaining torelated term(s): ECT-, ECTO- 240. ECCRINE-secreting or to secreteeccri/ticsecreting or to secrete/state of or quality of(promoting secreting from body structures)

241. ECHO-soundecho/gramsound/writing or recordingrelated term(s): SONO-

242. -ECTASISenlargement or dilationbronchi/ectasiswindpipe like tube/enlargement, dilationcardio/ectasisheart/enlargement condition

243. -ECTOMYexcision or removaltonsill/ectomyalmond or small mass/excision or removal

244. ECZEMAto boil outeczemato boil out (skin lesions)

245. EDEMA-swellinglymph/edemalymph/swelling

246. EF-away or outef/ferentaway or out/to carry (nerve or blood flow away from a structure)ef/ferent meansaway or out/to carryef/fus/ionout/attached/process

247. ELECTR/O-electricalelectro/encephalo/gramelectrical/in head (brain)/recording

248. -ELLUMlesser or smallercereb/ellumbrain/lesser or smaller

249. EM-inem/py/emain/pus/refers to (collection of p

Printable Flash Cards: (-EMESIS to MUC/O-)

1. -EMESISvomithem/emesisblood/vomit

2. -EMIAbloodleuc/emia (leukemia)white/blood(abnormal increase in WBC's)

3. EMPHYSEMApuffed upemphysemat/ouspuffed up/state of or refers to(inner air sacks of lung swollen)

4. EN-inen/cephal/itisin/head (refers to brain)/inflamed

5. ENAMELhardenamelhard (hard outer covering of upper tooth)

6. EN/CEPHAL/O-within head (referring to the brain)encephalo/gramwithin head/recording

7. ENDO-within or insideendo/dermwithin or inside/skin

8. ENEMA

injectionenemainjection (water forced into colon for cleansing)

9. ENTERO-intestine (usually refers to small intestine)enter/itisintestine (usually refers to small intestine)/inflamed

10. ENURESISto void or expel urineenuresisto void (expel) urine(involuntary: like bed-wetting)

11. EOSIN/O-rose red coloreosino/philrose red (color)/love of(staining of WBC's)

12. EPI-uponepi/didymisupon/teste (coil structure upon teste)epi/gastr/icupon/stomach/pertains toepi/glott/itisupon/tongue/inflamed

13. EPISI/O-pubic regionepisi/orrhaphypubic region/to stitch(repair of a lacerated or torn vulva or of a episiotomy)

episi/o/tom/ypubic region (vulva)/cut/process of(upside down 'V' cut from vagina towards anus: to ease childbirth in some women)

14. ERGO-work or labor

ergo/meterwork/to measureergotwork or labor (birthing drug)

15. ERYTHERMAT/O-red or flushederythermat/icred or flushed/refer to

16. ERYTHR/O-rederythro/cytered/cell (chamber)(a red blood cell that carries oxygen to the body's cells)

17. ESCHARscabescharscabeschar/ificationsnail like (scab)/process of (development)

18. ESO-towardeso/phag/ustoward/eater/refers to (tube from stomach to mouth)

19. ESTHES/I-physical feelingan/esthes/iawithout/physical feeling

20. ESTR/O-femaleestro/genfemale/beginning (phase of cycle)

21. ETI/O-causeeti/olog/ycause/study or science of diseases/process

22. EU-good or normaleu/toc/iagood or normal/birth/pertains toeu/gene/ticsgood, new or normal/ to produce or form/ state ofeu/phor/iagood or normal/feeling (mental)/pertain to

23. EX-out, outside, outwardex/tens/ionoutward/to stretch/process ofrelated term(s): EXO-, EXTRA-

24. FACET/O-facefacetlittle face (upper and lower small articular faces of vertebral plates)related term(s): FACI/O-

25. FASC/I-bandfasc/iaband (covering around and between muscles 'membranous')/refers to

26. FEBR/O-feverfebr/ilefever/state of or refers to

27. FEC/O-stool or fecal matterfec/o/lithstool (feces waste)/like stonerelated term(s): SCATO-, STERCO-

28. FEMOR/O-thighfemor/althigh/refer to

29. -FERENCEto carryvas de/ferencevessel: away/to carry(duct from teste)

30. FERRO-ironferr/ousiron/state ofrelated term(s): sider/o-, heme

31. FET/O-youngfeto/graph/yyoung/instrument/procedure of

fet/usyoung (last 6 & 1/2 months of development in uterus)/refer to(embryo means early)

32. FIBRILL/O-to quiverfibrill/ationto quiver (muscle fiber contraction)/process of

33. FIBRO-fiberfibr/omafiber (thread like structures)/tumor

34. FIBUL/O-to claspfibul/ato clasp/refers to (noun)(smaller outer long bone of lower leg)

35. FIL-threadfila/ment

thread/state of or refers torelated term(s): FILI-

36. FISS-to split or splittingfiss/ionsplitting/refers tofiss/urecleft or split/state of

37. FISTUL/O-pipe or pipe stempyo/fistulapus/pipe or pipe-stem(pus found within a pipe or tube that opens to body surface)

38. FLEX-to bendante/flex/ionbefore/to bend or divert/process of(to decrease angle of joint)related term(s): -FLECT

39. FLU-flowingin/fluenzainward/condition of flowing(mucoid material)

40. -FLUXto flowre/fluxagain/flow(the movement of a substance backward or upward)

41. FORAMEN/O-openingForamen/alopening/refers to(also known as meatus or opening)

42. FORE-

beforefore/armbefore/brachium or arm(between elbow and wrist)

43. FRACT/O-to breakfract/ureto break/refers to

44. FRONT/O-forehead or beforefront/alforehead or before (front brow)/pertains to

45. FUNGI-mushroomfungi/formmushroom or plant/shaperelated term(s): LICHEN/I-

46. FURUN/O-boilfurun/cleboil/small(may vary in size and characteristics)

47. GALACT/O-milkgalacto/poiesismilk/production

48. GANGLI/O-knot, swelling, or collectiongangli/ectomyknot, swelling, or collection/excision(removal of the fibrous swelling 'dorsal root' formation on post. spinal nerve)

49. GANGREN/O-eating soregangren/ouseating sore/refers to

(dead tissue caused by isch/emia 'poor blood flow')

50. GASTR/O-stomachgastr/itisstomach/inflamedgastrocnemi/uscalf of leg or stomach shape muscle in back of lower leg

51. GEN/O-racegeno/typerace/classification (gene)

52. GENI/O-chingeni/ec/tom/ychin/out/cutting/procedure of

53. GENIT/O-reproductive or birthgenit/alreproductive or birth/refers to(reproductive structures)

54. GENU-kneegenu/clastknee/breaking(instrument to break knee joint adhesions)

55. -GENorigin, develop, to produce, to form, to makecarcino/gencrab-like/ to produce, to form, to make, origin, develop(substance that causes cancer)carcino/gen/esiscrab-like/origin or beginning/process ofrelated term(s): -GENESIS

56. GER/O-old or old age

ger/iatr/icold or old age/treat or cure/study of or science of(studying all aspects of the aging process)

57. GEST-to bear or separategest/ationto bear or separate/process of(time period from conception to birth)

58. GINGIV/O-gumgingiv/itisgum/inflamedrelated term(s): ULO-

59. GLANDUL/O-little acorn or glandglandul/arlittle acorn or gland/refers to

60. GLAUC/O-waterfall or grayglauc/omawaterfall or gray/swelling(inner eye pressure causing loss of sight)

61. GLI/O-glue or glue-likegli/omaglue or glue-like/tumor(gliocytes are body cells that hold neurons or nerves together)alternate spelling: GLIA-

62. GLOMERUL/O-small round mass or tiny ballglomerul/itissmall round mass or tiny ball/inflamed(mass or capillary tuft of nephron "kidney functional unit or filter")

63. GLOSS/O-tongue

gloss/itistongue/inflamedglosso/pharyng/ealtongue/pharynx or throat/refers to

64. GLOTT/O-back of tongueepi/glott/itisupon/back of tongue/inflamed(structure protecting voice-box: consists of two vocal cords & glottis rim)

65. GLUT-buttocksglut/itisbuttocks (rear-end)/refer to

66. GLYCO-sugarglyco/pen/iasugar/decrease or lower/refers to

67. -GNOSISknowledgedia/gnosistotal or complete/knowledge

68. GOITERswelling (throat)goiter/ectomyswelling (throat)/removal of thyroid goiter

69. GON/O-seed or seed producergono/rrheaseed or seed producer/flowing fromrelated term(s): orchi/o

70. GOUTa dropgouta drop(uric acid crystals larger than blood cells which

drop to lower joints causing pain. Type ofarthritis - usually found in big toe)

71. -GRADEa step, stage, or degree in a processretro/gradebackward or behind/a step, stage, or degree in a process

72. -GRAFTto probe or cut with a knifedermo/graftskin/to probe with knife (pole; probe; or steak)(the removal of skin to be placed on new body part - like a flap)

73. -GRAMto recordmyo/grammuscle/to record (write or take down)

74. -GRAPHYprocedure of using an instrument to do recordingmyo/graphymuscle/procedure of using an instrument to do recording

75. -GRAPHinstrumentmyo/graphmuscle/instrument(used to do recording)related term(s): -e

76. GRAVID/O-heavy or pregnantgravid/iumheavy or pregnant/refers to(gravida means pregnant woman)

77. GROINinguinal regiongroininguinal region

(depression between thigh and trunk)

78. GUMM/O-gum or gum likeGummagum or gum like(lesions of 3rd stage of syphilis)

79. GUST/O-tasting or to tastegust/ationtasting or to taste/process of

80. GYNEC/O-womangynec/olog/istwoman/science and study of/specialistalternate spelling: GYN/O-

81. HALLUXgreat or big toehallux/ectomygreat or big toe/removal

82. HAPLO-half (single)hapl/oidhalf or single/resembling(set of 23 chromosomes in cell 'not paired')

83. HEALTHwholenesshealthwholenessThis supports the concept of 'Integrated Medicine' by Dr. Andrew Weil. Different modalities are used including Traditional Eastern and Western Medicine, Chiropractic, Homeopathic Medicine, Acupuncture, Herbs, Nutrition, Breathing, Yoga, Vitamins and Minerals, Massage, and many other therapies. This includes Physical, Mental, Emotional, Intellectual, and

Spiritual aspects to promote wholeness 'Health or Wellness'.

84. HELICO-spiralhelico/bacter pylorispiral (shaped)/bacteria: gatekeeper (lower end of stomach)(digestive system bacteria that causes most digestive ulcers 'sores')

85. HELIO-sunhelio/pathysun/injury (caused by)

86. HELMINTH/O-worms or wormhelminth/iasisworms or worm/disease of or condition of(leading killer of humans world wide except TB)related term(s): ASCAR/IS, VERMI-

87. HEM/O-bloodhem/o/rrhageblood/bursting forthhemo/kinesis means: blood/movement or flowalternate spelling: HEMATO-

88. HEME-ironhem/atiniron/small part(non-protein portion of hemoglobin where iron is in ferrous state)related term(s): sidero-, ferro-

89. HEMI-half or one halfhemi/plegiahalf (right or left side of body)/paralyzedrelated term(s): DEMI-, SEMI-

90. HEPAT/O-

liverhepat/itisliver (cells)/inflamed

91. HEPT/A-sevenhepta/dactyl/iaseven/fingers or toes/refers to

92. HERNI/O-rupture or protrusionhern/iarupture or protrusion/condition of

93. HERPESto creepHerpes (Herpes Simplex Virus)to creep

94. HETER/O-other or oppositehetero/gen/ousother or opposite/form/state of

95. HIAT-an openinghiat/alan opening/refers to(esophageal hiatus in diaphragm)

96. HIDR/O-sweathidr/osissweat (watery)/condition of(abnormal sweating and usually causes blisters)related term(s): sudorifer/o-

97. HIRSUT-hairy or profound hairhirsut/ismhairy or profound hair/state of

(bearded women or extremely hairy people)

98. -HISCENCEto gape opende/hiscenceaway/to gape (open)(wound, incision, injury that gapes open)

99. HISTO-web-like or tissuehist/olog/yweb-like or tissue/science or study of/process of(tissues are composed of similar cells)

100. HOLIST/O-wholeholist/ic medicinewhole/state of: remedy or drug(refers to treating the whole individual - comprehensive total patient care: physical, mental, social, and economic. New approach to care by H.M.O.)alternate spelling: HOLO-

101. HOMEO-same, constant, or unchangedhomeo/path/ysame, constant, or unchanged/disease/process ofrelated term(s): HOMO-

102. HORMON/O-to urge onhormon/alto urge on/refers to(chemicals that stimulate specific cell performance)

103. HUMER/O-arm (upper)humer/alarm (upper)/refers to

104. HYAL/O-glassy or glass likehyal/aseglassy or glass-like/enzyme(enzyme found in head of sperm that break down tissues on contact)

105. HYDRO-waterhydro/pneumo/thoraxwater/lung(within)/chesthydro/cephaliswater (cerebral spinal fluid)/head (within)related term(s): AQUA-

106. HYPER-increase or abovehyper/tens/ionabove or excess/pressure (above 140 systolic/90 diastolic -BP)/process ofhyper/troph/yincrease/development/process of

107. HYPN/O-sleepHypn/osissleep/condition(alpha state of brainwave patterns: this is not true sleep)related term(s): somn/o-

108. HYPO-under or belowhypo/tens/ionunder or below (pressure in vessels)/contraction/process ofhypo/derm/icbelow/skin/pertaining to

109. HYSTER/O-uterushyster/ectomyuterus /removalhyster/ianervous reaction/refers to

110. IATR/O-treat or cure, procedure of treatingger/iatr/icold age/treat or cure/pertains torelated term(s): -IATR/Y

111. -IArefers to, condition, state ofesthes/iafeeling (physical)/refers to, condition, state of

dys/phag/ia difficult/eating or swallowing/refers torelated term(s): -A

112. ICHTHY-fish or fish likeichthy/osisfish or fish-like (resembles fish scales)/condition of(often seen with fungus infections on feet)

113. -ICIANone whodiet/icianfood/one who (performs)

114. -ICLEsmall or tinyoss/iclebone/small or tinyrelated term(s): -CULE, -IOLE, -ULA, - ULE

115. -ISYinflamedpleur/isyside or rib/inflamed(2 layer serous membrane 'like pericardium and peritoneum' covering of lungs inside the ribs)related term(s): -itis

116. IDE/O-idea, thoughts, emotions, imageideo/motor

idea, thoughts, emotions, image/movementideo/vascul/aremotions/vessels/refers to(vessels contract because of stress)

117. IDIO-unique to or unknown causeidio/path/icunique to or unknown cause/disease/refer to(distinctive or individualized personal health problem)

118. -IDstate ofmorb/iddisease/state of

119. ILE/O-twistedile/umtwisted/pertains to(3rd part of small intestine - 15 feet long)

ile/itistwisted/inflamedrelated term(s): torsi-, varic/o-

120. ILIO-flankili/umflank (area)/refers to(ili/acus muscle in outer pelvic flank area)

121. IM-into or notim/plantinto/place or locateim/potentnot/powerful or strong(not capable of having a strong or hard male erection)

122. IMMUN/O-safe, protect, immune

immun/o/log/ysafe, protect, immune/science of/process of

123. IN SITUin position or locationin situin: position or location (original or first)(early phase or stage of cancer)

124. IN-into or notin/di/gest/ionnot/two/separations/process ofin/cis/orinto/cut/pertain to(4 front teeth top center and 4 bottom center)

125. INCUSanvilmallus/incus/stapeshammer/anvil/stirrup (shapes)(3 tiny ossicles or middle ear bones)

126. INFARCT-to stuff intoinfarct/ionto stuff into/refers to(clot blockage that causes diminished blood flow to heart or other body parts 'muscles or organs')

127. INFECT/O-to invadeinfect/ionto invade/process of

128. INFLAM/O-flame withininflamm/ationflame within/process of

129. INFRA-under or belowinfra/clavicul/ar

under or below/collar bone/refers to

infra/mur/albelow/wall/pertaining torelated term(s): hyp/o-, sub-

130. INGUIN/O-groininguin/algroin/refers to(area between belly and thigh)

131. -INGprocedure of or process ofoperat/ingworking/procedure of or process ofrelated term(s): -AGE, -ATION, -IATION, -ION, -TION, -Y

132. INTEGU-coveringintegu/mentcovering/refers to or state of(skin of body)/refers to or state of

133. INTER-betweeninter/cellul/arbetween/cell or chamber/refers to

134. INTRA-withinintra/nuclearwithin/refers to nut

135. INTRO-withinintro/spectwithin/to view

136. INTUS-withinintus/suscept/ion

within/to receive/process of(invagination or the slipping of a body part into a lower body part 'like the intestines' - often seen in children and animals)

137. -INsubstance or chemicalgastr/instomach/substance or chemicalholo/crine (gland)all or whole/secretes substance or chemicalrelated term(s): -INE

138. -IOLEsmaller, lesser, diminutivebronch/ioletrachea-like (tubes of lungs)/smaller, lesser, diminutivealternate spelling: -OLErelated term(s): -CULE, -ICLE, -ULA, -ULE

139. ION/O-going, ion movementiono/therap/ygoing (of ions)/treat or cure/procedure of(treatment by introducing ions into bodyrelated term(s): IONT/O-

140. -IORone who isinfer/iorunder or below/ one who (is)related term(s): -ER, -OR

141. -IOUSstate ofdelir/iousmental confusion or excitement/state of(illusions and hallucinations)

142. IPSI-equalipsi/later/alequal/side or sides/process of

143. IR-not or lack ofir/regul/arnot or lack of/consistent or regular/refers to

144. IR/O-rainbowir/is (noun)rainbow/refers to

ir/idescentrainbow/having or exhibitingrelated term(s): IRID/O-

145. ISCH/O-deficiency, blockage, to hold backisch/emicdeficiency or blockage/refers to blood(myocardial ischemia: angina pectoris or chest pain because of poor blood supply to the heart muscle)isch/emiahold back/pertains to blood

146. ISCHI/O-hip joint or hipIschio/dyniahip joint or hip/pain

147. -ISHresembling or related tolap/ishstone/resembling or related to

148. -ISMstate of or condition ofgiant/ismlarge/state ofalbin/ismwhite/state of or condition of

149. ISO-

equal or sameiso/ton/icequal or same/tone/refers toiso/cell/arequal/cells/refers to(chamber 'inside cell membrane' pressure)

150. -ISTspecialistendo/crin/olog/istwithin/secrete/science or study of/specialist(glands that secrete directly into or within the blood)

151. -ITESdropsy or droopingtympan/itesdrum/dropsy or drooping

152. -ITISinflamed or inflammationgloss/itistongue/inflamed or inflammationrelated term(s): -icy

153. -ITYstate ofsteril/itybarren (not capable of fertility)/state ofrelated term(s): -ous

154. -IZEstate of or acts likecauter/izeburn/state ofhypnot/izesleep/state of or acts like

155. JEJUNO-to empty (2nd part of small intestine)jejun/umto empty (the second part of the small intestine/refers to(five foot long 2nd part of the small intestine with rugae 'folds' and villi 'hair-like projections' for

absorption)related part(s): 1st part duodenum, 3rd part ileum

156. JUNCTIV/O-joining or to joincon/junctiv/itistogether/joining or to join/inflamed(ocular and eyelid parts)

157. KALI-potassiumkali/peniapotassium/decrease of

158. KARY/O-nucleuskaryo/kinesisnucleus/movement or motion

159. KEL/O-scarkel/oidscar/resembling(raised hard reddened scar)

160. KERAT/O-cornea or hornykerato/malac/iacornea (eye)/softening/refers to(cornea of children - lack of Vitamin A)

161. KET/O-sour or acidketo/sissour or acid/condition(an increase in ketone bodies referred to as acidosis and is associated with starvation)

162. KIL/O-one thousandkilo/gramone thousand/grams(recording weight of about 2.2 lb.)

note: a milli/gram is one thousandth of a gram

163. KINE-movement or motionkine/ticmovement/state of or condition ofalternate spelling: KINESI/Orelated term(s): KYM/O-

164. KRAUR/O-drynessKraur/o/sisdryness/condition(associated with mouth and vagina)

165. KYPH/O-hunchbackkyph/osishunchback/condition

166. LABIO-liplabi/omalip/tumor(the term 'cheilo' also means lip)

167. LABRYNITHO-mazelabrynith/itismaze/inflamed(top portion of inner ear - balance)

168. LACER/O-to tearlacer/ateto tear/refers to

169. LACRIM/O-tearing or tearlacrim/altearing or tear/refer torelated term(s): dacryo-

170. LACT/O-milklact/osemilk/sugar

171. LAMIN/O-thin flat plate or layerlamin/ectomythin flat plate or layer/removal

lamin/entthin flat plate or layer/having or possessing(bridge part of vertebrae arch)

172. LAP/I-stonelap/isstone/refers torelated term(s): PETRO-, LITHO-

173. -LAPSEfalling or slippagepro/lapsebefore/falling or slippage (means normal before slippage)(sinking down of a body part or organ, usually at a normal or artificial opening)re/lapseagain/falling or slippage

174. LARYNGO-voice boxlaryng/itisvoice box (larynx)/inflamed(hoarseness or loss of the voice)

175. LAT-sidelat/eralside/refers tolat/issimusside (dorsal chest muscle)/refers toalternate spelling: LATER/O-

176. LAX-to loosen or looseningre/lax/ationagain/to loosen/process ofalternate spelling: LAXAT/O-

177. LEI/O-smoothleio/my/omasmooth/muscle/tumor(smooth muscle tumor usually found in stomach or uterus)

178. LENT/O-frecklelent/iclefreckle/smallsmall skin blemishes

179. LEPR/O-scalylepros/yscaly/process of(skin lesion appearance)related term(s): LEPROS-

180. -LEPSYseizure or convulsionepi/leps/yupon/seizure/process of(short circuiting of brain waves)

181. LEPTO-thin or slenderlepto/morph/icthin or slender/shape or form/refers to

182. LEUK/O-whiteleuk/aphere/siswhite (white blood cells: WBC's)/separation/condition ofrelated term(s): LEUC/O-

183. LEVAT/O-lift uplevat/orlift up (muscle)/one who

184. LIBID/O-desirelibid/aldesire/refers to(conscious or unconscious sex drive)

185. LICHEN/I-plantlichen/ific/ationplant/process of making (plant-like)(irritations that cause thickening or hardening of skin surface - it now looks like lichens growing on rocks)related term(s): FUNGI-, PHYTO-

186. LIENO-spleenlien/itisspleen/inflamed

187. LIGA-to bindliga/mentto bind/state of(binding bone to bone)

188. LINGU-tonguebi/lingu/altwo/tongue/pertain to(use of tongue for producing sounds or speech in two languages)

189. LIP/O-fatlip/omafat/tumor or swelling

190. -LISTHESIS

slippagespondylo/listh/esisvertebrae/slippage/condition of

191. -LITERlitermilli/literone-thousandth/litre of fluid measurement(liter is an unit of liquid: 1.0567 quarts or 1000 ml or cc.)alternate spelling: -LITRE (European)

192. LITH/O-stone, calculus or rocknephro/lithkidney/stone calculus or rockrelated term(s): LAP/I-, PETRO-

193. LOB/O-lobelob/ectom/ylobe/removal or excision 'cut out'/procedure of(usually in the lung)

194. LORD/O-swayback (to bend)lordo/sisswayback (to bend)/condition of(lumbar spine is bent anterior: often seen in horses)

195. LUMB/O-loinlumb/arloin(5 large lower back vertebrae: just above sacrum or large tail bone)

196. LUMP-small masslump/ectomysmall mass/excised or removed

197. LUNA-moon or crescent-shaped

lun/atemoon or crescent-shaped/refers to(Lunar literally means moon, month, silver. Moonis usually seen in a 'C' shape like the 2crescent cartilages of the knee.)related term(s): MENISC/O-

198. LUPUSwolflupus erythematosuswolf: red (faced)(a progressive ulcerating skin condition: auto-immune disease with skin lesions)

199. LUTE/O-yellowlute/alyellow/refers to(spot on retina 'macula lutea' or body structure on ovary 'corpus luteum')related term(s): XANTH/O-

200. LUX-to dislocatesub/lux/ationunder or less/to dislocate/refers to(osteopaths, chiropractors, and orthopedic doctors manipulate or adjust these bone dis/articulations) 201. LYMPH/O-waterylymph/omawatery (clear fluid or serum)/tumor or swelling(12 major types of lymphatic cancers: Hodgkin's, Leukemias, & Reticular Cancers) 202. -LYSISdestruction, breakdown, decliningauto/lysisself/destruction, breakdown, declininghemo/lysisblood/breakdown 203. MACER/O-to make softmacer/ationto make soft/process of 204. MACRO-large or hugemacro/phagelarge or huge/eater(WBC's)macro/scop/iclarge/viewing or seeing (eyeballing)/refers to 205. MACUL/O-large spot or flat skin frecklemacula lutealarge (flat spot on retina, lesions, mole 'nevus'): yellowmaculelarge spot or flat skin freckle (lenticel)related term(s): MACULE 206. MAGNI-large or greatermagni/ficat/ionlarger or greater/to make/process of 207. MAL-bad, harm, injurymal/ignantbad, harm, injury/refers to(growing worse or resisting treatment)mal/practicebad/action 208. MALAC/O-soft or softeningostero/malac/iabone/soft or softening/pertains to 209. MALL/E/OLUSlittle hammermalle/olushammer (little bony protuberance on either side of ankle joint)/smallrelated term(s): MALLE/O- 210. MALLE/O-hammermalle/ushammer (middle ear bone)/refers to(noun)related term(s): MALLEOLUS 211. MAMM/O-breastmamm/arybreast/refers torelated term(s): MAST/O- 212. MAN/O-handmanu/alhand/pertain tomano/meter(thin or hand measurement) 213. MAND/I-chew or chewermand/iblechew or chewer/ability to(lower jaw bone) 214. -MANIAmadnessklepto/mani/actheft or steal/madness/pertains to(obsession or preoccupation with stealing)alternate spelling: MANI/O- 215. MASSET/O-chewer or to chewmasset/erchewer or to chew/one who(muscle from cheek bone to lower jaw) 216. MASSEURmale massagermasseurFrench term for a male that gives massagesrelated term(s): MASSEUSE 217. MAST/O-breastmast/ectom/ybreast/removal/procedure of(partial or complete)mast/oidbreast/resembling(large bone projection of temporal bone: posterior & interior to outer ear)related term(s): MAMM/O- 218. MASTIC/O-to chew or chewingmastic/ationto chew or chewing/process of(refers to chewing with the large muscle of the cheek -the masseter) 219. -

MATAmultiplecarcino/matacrab-like (cancerous growths)/multiple (many) 220. MAXILL/O-upper jawmaxill/aryjaw/refers to 221. MEASLESrubella, reddish or redmeaslesrubella or reddish or red(3 Day or German Measles - 'Dutch Mesalen'. Red spots appear with 'Papules, Macules, and Vesicles'. Dangerous if pregnant. Rubeola also means reddish and this 9 or 10 day measles is more dangerous because of high fever - 104 to 106 degrees F. - usually respiratory virus ) 222. MEAT/O-openingmeat/usopening/refer to 223. MEDI-middlemedi/an; medi/um; medi/almiddle/refers to 224. MEGA-great or bigmega/colongreat (big)/large intestine 225. MEGALO-huge or largehepato/megal/yliver/huge/process of 226. MEI/O- and MIO-lesser, smaller, fewer, and constrictmei/osis and Mioticlesser, smaller, fewer/condition of(reduction of cells chromosome from 23 pairs to 23 in egg or sperm. Miotic drops lessen the size of the eyes pupil: mydriatic drops dilate pupil)related term(s): MI/O- 227. MEL-sweet, honey, cheek, limbmel/itischeek/inflamedmel/algialimb/painmel/onsweet/one who is 228. MELAN/O-blackmelan/omablack/tumor (skin cancer) 229. MEN/O-monthly or monthmen/archemonthly or month/startmeno/pausemonthly/stoppage 230. MENING/O-membranemening/itismembrane/inflamed(covering of Central Nervous System 'CNS')meningesmembrane(3 parts: dura mater layer (hard mother);arachnoid layer (spider-like web);and pia mater layer (gentle mother)) 231. MENISC/O-crescentmenisc/ectomycrescent ('C' shaped)/excision(knee cartilage that are half moon or 'C' shaped)related term(s): LUNA- 232. MENT/O-mindment/almind/pertains to 233. -MENTUMchinante/mentumbefore/chin 234. MES/O-middlemes/enter/ymiddle/intestines/state of(connective tissue or blood vessels on the posterior middle wall of abdomen)meso/dermmiddle/skin(outer layer is ecto/derm and inner layer is endo/derm) 235. META-beyond or changemeta/carp/albeyond/wrist/pertains tometa/bol/ismchange/lump/state ofmeta/stasischange (from)/standing or stoppage (spreading of cancer or bacteria) 236. -METERmeasurementspiro/meterbreathe/measurementopto/metr/isteye/measurement/specialistalternate spelling: -METRE (European) 237. METR/A-uterus or wombendo/metr/iosiswithin/uterus or womb/conditionendo/metr/itiswithin/uterus or womb/inflammation 238. -METRYmeasurement procedureopto/metr/y (O.D.)sight or vision/measurement/procedure or process 239. MICRO-smallmicro/gloss/iasmall/tongue/refers tomicro/scop/esmall/viewing/instrument 240. MICTUR/O-to make water or urinatemictur/itionto make water or urinate/process ofalternate spelling: MICTURIT/O- 241. MILLI-one-thousandthmilli/meterone-thousandth/of meter (39.37 inches)Note: a kilo/gram is one thousand grams or a recording weight of about 2.2 lb. A milli/gram is one-thousandth of a gram 242. MINIMUS-smallestminim/umsmallest/refers to(smallest: gluteus minimus is the smallest of the 3 groups of buttock muscles) 243. MINUTEsmallcom/minutetogether/small(com/minuted fractures are caused by the bone being forced together causing small bone parts or chips) 244. -MITR/Ehead band or mitre boxmitr/alhead band or mitre box/refers toalternate spelling: MITR/O- (European) 245. MOL/O-to mill or grindmol/arto mill or grind/refer to(upper and lower sets of back teeth of humans) 246. MON/O-onemono/nucle/osisone/nut/condition of(high number of mono/nuclear 'large' white blood cells)related term(s): UNI- 247. MORPHO-shapea/morph/ouswithout/shape or form/state of or composed of 248. MORT/O-deathmort/aldeath/refers to 249. -MOTORmovement or

motionoculo/motoreye/motion or movementpsycho/motormind/movementrelated term(s): KINESI/O- 250. MUC/O-slimemuc/oidslime/resembles

Printable Flash Cards: (MULTI- to -SPASM)

1. MULTI-many, multiple, excessivemultiple sclera/osis (MS)many: hardening/condition of(hardening of nerves and myelin sheath around nerves causing paralysis)related term(s): PLURI-, POLY-

2. MUMPSswellingmumpsswelling

(viral infection of parotid saliva gland near ear: progresses to gonad/itis, pancreat/itis, nephr/itis, myocard/itis, and arthr/itis. Also known as par/ot/itis 'near/ear/inflamed')

3. MY/O-musclemy/omamuscle or muscular/tumoralternate spelling: MY-, MYOS-

4. MYC/O-fungusmyc/oidfungus/resembles

5. MYDRI/O-to widenmydri/opt/icto widen/vision/refers to(pupil of eye dilates)

6. MYEL/O-spinal cord or bone marrowmyelo/gram

spinal cord/recordingmyel/itisbone marrow/inflamed

7. MYRING/O-eardrummyring/itiseardrum/inflamed (infected)

8. MYX/O-mucusmyx/omamucus/tumor or swellingmyx/oidmucus/resembles

9. NANO-1 billionthnano/meter1 billionth part

nano/meter - 1 billionth/ of meter(39.37 inches is a meter)

10. NARC/O-sleepnarco/lepsysleep/seizure(hypno- also means sleep)

11. NARESnose openingnaresnose opening

12. NAS/O-nosenas/alnose/refers to

13. NAT-birth

nat/albirth/refers torelated term(s): NAT/O-, PARTO-, TOCI/O-

14. NATRI-sodium or salthyper/natr/emiaincrease/sodium or salt/in blood

15. NAVICUL/O-boat or boat shapednavicul/arboat shaped/refer to(ankle and wrist scaphoid bones)

16. NECR/O-death, dead, dyingnecrot/icdeath, dead, dying/refers to(mortification or the death process of any body cells)

necr/osisdeath, dead, dying/condition ofrelated term(s): THANAT/O

17. NEO-newneo/plasmnew/growth

18. NEPHR/O-kidneynephr/itiskidney/inflamed

19. NEUR/O-nerveneur/algianerve/pain

20. NEUTR/O-neither or neutral

neutro/phil(e)neither or neutral/love for(WBC that stains with a neutral PH of 7)

21. NEV/O-birthmarknev/usbirthmark/refers to(moles, stains and other skin discolorations)

22. NIGRA-blacknigra bodiesblack: structures in and around cell nucleusalternate spelling: NIGRI-, NIGRO-related term(s): MELAN/O-

23. NIN/O-ninenin/usnine/pertains torelated term(s): NOV-

24. NOCT/I-night or blindnoct/urianight/urination (excessive)related term(s): NYCTO-

25. -NOIAmindpara/noiabeyond/mind(psychotic mental condition: loss of reality)

26. NUCLE/O-nutnucle/usnut (shaped)/refers to

27. NULL/I-none or no

nulli/paranone or no (null or voided)/births

28. NUTRI/O-to nourishnutri/tionto nourish/process of

29. -O/PEXYto fixate, attach, sewnephr/opex/ykidney/fixate, attach, sew (suture)/procedure of

30. -O/PLASTYrepair or plastic surgeryrhino/plast/ynose/repair or plastic surgery/procedure of

31. -O/RRHAGIAbursting forth or heavy flowmeno/rrhagiamonthly (female cycle)/bursting forth (heavy flow)

32. -O/RRHEAdischarge or flowmen/o/rrheamonthly/discharge or flow (slow)gon/o/rrheagonad/flow

33. -O/RRHEXISrupture or protrusionenter/o/rrhexisintestine (small)/rupture or protrusionrelated term(s): -O/RRHEXIA

34. OBLIQUEside-long or slantedobliqueside-long or slanted (at a 45 '+/-' degree angle)

35. OBSTETR/I-

midwifeobstetr/icsmidwife (childbirth)/pertains to

36. OCCIPIT/O-back of headoccipit/otomyback of head/opening (surgical procedure)occipit/alback of head/pertains to

37. OCCLUSI/O-closure or blockageocclus/ionclosure or blockage/process of

38. OCCULT/O-hiddenoccult/a (spina bi/fida)hidden (thorn: two/clefts)/refers to

39. OCT/O-eightoct/agoneight/wallsalternate spelling: OCTA-related term(s): OCTI-

40. OCUL/O-eyeoculo/motoreye/movement

41. ODONT/O-toothodont/oidtooth/resembling

42. -OIDresemblinglip/oidfat/resembling

epi/derm/oidupper/skin/resembling

43. OLEO-oiloleo/vitaminoil (fish oil)/life giving (fat soluble vitamins)

44. -OLEUMoiloleo/infusionoil/injection(formulation of a drug in oil)petr/oleumstone/oil

45. OLFACT/O-smelling or smellolfact/orysmelling or smell/process ofrelated term(s): OSMO-

46. OLIG/O-few, scanty, slight, littleoligo/meno/rrheafew, scanty, slight, little/monthly/flow

47. -OLOG/Yscience or study of, process ofhist/olog/yweb-like or tissue/science of or study of/process ofrelated term(s): -LOG-

48. -OMAtumor or swellingcarcin/omacrab or crab-like/tumor or swelling

49. OMO-shoulderomo/burs/itisshoulder (near arm)/sack/inflamed

related term(s): OMI-

50. OMPHAL/O-navel or umbilicusomphal/ectomynavel or umbilicus/removal (excision)

51. ONC/O-tumoronco/log/ytumor/science or study of/process ofonco/log/isttumor/science of or study of/specialist(Note - all tumors are not cancer. ex: 'benign growths')

52. ONYCH/O-nailonycho/fidianail/splitrelated term(s): UNGUIN/O-

53. OOPHOR/O-ovaryoophor/itisovary (seed producer)/inflamed

54. OPHTHALM/O-eye or eyeballophthalm/olog/isteye/science or study of/specialistophthalm/iceye or eyeball/refer to

55. OPISTH/O-backwards (bending)opistho/tonusbackward (bending)/tone(muscle contractions tilting head & spine backward; seen with tetanus and Central Nervous System injuries)

56. OPTO-

vision, sight, eyeopto/metr/istvision or sight/measurement/specialistrelated term(s): -OPT-, OPIA-, -OPSY

57. ORA-mouthor/almouth/pertains to

58. ORB-circle or dishorbit/alcircle or dish (eye socket)/pertains to(orbit is actually a circular track)related term(s): ORBIT/O-

59. ORCHI/O-teste or seed producerorchi/omateste or seed producer/tumor or swelling

orch/itistesticle/inflamedrelated term(s): GON/O-, ORCHID/O-

60. -OREXIAappetitean/orexiawithout/appetite (not hungry)

61. -ORRHAPHYsuturing or repairneur/orrhaph/ynerve/suturing or repair/procedure of

62. ORTH/O-straight, normal, correctortho/dont/icstraight, normal, correct/teeth/refers to

63. OS-

mouthtrache/os/tom/ywindpipe/mouth/cut/process

64. OSCILL/O-to swingoscillo/graphto swing/instrument (that measure electric activity of heart and muscles)

65. -OSEsugarmalt/osemalt/sugar

66. -OSIScondition of or diseasescoli/osiscrooked (lateral curve)/condition of or diseaserelated term(s): -ASIS, -ESIS, -SIS

67. OSMO-smellan/osm/iawithout/smell/refers torelated term(s): OLFACT/O-

68. OSTE/O-boneosteo/pathbone/disease(most diseases caused by bone misalignment)osteo/por/osisbone/cavities (pores)/condition of

69. -OSTOMYmouth like opening produced by surgerycol/ostomycolon/opening (mouth like formation) procedure

70. OT/O-earot/itis

ear/inflamed

71. -OTOMYcutting, to cut, cut intotracheo/tom/yrough (windpipe)/cut into/procedure ofana/tom/yapart/cutting/procedure of or process of

72. -OTRIPSYcrushing or to crushneur/otrips/ynerve/crushing or to crush/procedure of (surgical)litho/tripsystone/crushing/procedure of (kidney or gall stones 'calculi')

73. OV/O-eggov/aryegg/refer toovul/ateegg/state of or process of (producing)alternate spelling: O/O-, OVA-, OVI-related term(s): OV/U-

74. OX/Y-sharp or oxygen moleculesoxy/op/iasharp/vision/refers tooxy/gensharp (mentally)/producing, developing, formingoxy/gen/ationoxygen (molecules)/development/process ofalternate spelling: OX/O-

75. PACHY-thickpachy/derm/iathick/skin/refers torelated term(s): PACHY/DERM (elephant-like)

76. PALAT/O-

palate, plate or plate of the mouth roofpalato/plastypalate (roof of mouth)/repairpalat/oplastyroof of mouth or palate/surgical repairpalat/ineplate of mouth roof (skull bones)/state of

77. PALL/O-pale or lack of colorpall/orpale or lack of color/one who(characteristic of illness)

78. PALM/A-palm or palm of handpalm/arpalm or palm of hand/refer to(front of the hand 'palms forward' as seen in the human anatomical position)

79. PALPAT/O-touching or to touchpalpat/iontouching or to touch/process of(physical diagnosis procedure)

80. PALPEBRA-eyelidpalpebr/itiseyelid/inflamedrelated term(s): BLEPHARO-

81. PALPIT-quivering or flutteringpalpit/ationquivering or fluttering (heart)/process of

82. PALSYslight or moderate paralysisCerebral Palsy (C.P.)brain: paralysis(injury to brain that causes temporary or permanent loss of

sensation, movement, control)

83. PAN-all, total, completepan/dem/icall, total, complete/people/pertain to(spread of disease)pan/creat/itisall/flesh/inflamed

84. PAPILLA-nipplepapill/arynipple/state of or refer to

85. PARA-near, beside, beyond, around, similar, abnormalpara/thyr/oidnear/shield shaped/resemblingrelated term(s): PAR-

86. -PARESISparalysishemi/pare/sishalf/paralysis (slight)/condition of(this occurs in tertiary syphilis of C.N.S.)related term(s): -PLEG/IA

87. PARIET/O-wall or partitionpariet/alwall or partition/refer to (skull bone)partition/refer to (pertains to walls of a cavity)alternate spelling: PARIET-related term(s): PHRAG-, SEPTA-

88. PART/O-birth or laborpost/part/umafter/birth or labor/refers torelated term(s): NAT-, NATO, TOCI/O-

89. PATELL/O-little dish or knee cappatell/arlittle dish (knee cap)/refer to

90. PATH/O-diseasepath/o/log/ydisease/science of or study of/process of

91. PAUS/O-stoppagemeno/paus/almonthly/stoppage/refers to(female 30 day '+/-' cycle)

92. PECT/O-chestpector/alchest (anterior breast area)/refer torelated term(s): PECTERO-

93. PED-foot or feetped/alfoot or feet/refer toalternate spelling: PEDO-, PEDI-, related term(s): PES, POD-, PODO-

94. PEDI-childped/iatricschild/treatped/ia/tric/ianchild/treats or cures/one whorelated term(s): PEDIA-

95. PEDICUL/O-licepediculo/sislice (head, body or pubic)/condition of

96. PELI-

purplepeli/osispurple/condition of(purple spots seen in and on immuno/compromised patients)

97. PELL-skinpell/agraskin/rough or painfulrelated term(s): CORI/O-, CUT-, CUTI/O-, DERMAT/O-, DERMO-

98. PELVI/O-base, basin, pelvispelv/icbase, basin, pelvis/refers to(bounded by hip bones and sacrum)alternate spelling: PELV/O-

99. PEN/O-tail, organ of copulation, penispen/itispenis/inflamed

100. -PENIAdecrease in numberleuko/cyto/peniawhite (WBC's)/cells/decrease in number

101. PENT/A-fivepent/agonfive/wallspenta/dactyl five (normal)/fingers and toes on each limb

102. PEPS/O-digestiondys/peps/iadifficult or painful/digestion/refers toalternate spelling: PEP-, PEPSI-, PEPT/O-

103. PER-through

per/cutane/ousthrough/skin/state ofper/meatethrough/opening

104. PERI-aroundperi/cardi/umaround/heart/refers toperi/stal/sisaround/to clasp and compress/condition

105. PERINE/O-base or floorperin/ealbase or floor/refers to(area between anus and external genital organs 'scrotum and vulva')

106. PERITON/E-that which holds the lower visceraperitone/umthat which holds the lower organs/refers to(two layered serous membrane in abdomino/pelvic cavity that hold organs)periton/itismembrane holding lower viscera or organs and structures/inflammation

107. PERONEO-pin or concerning the lower outside leg boneperone/alpin or concerning the lower outside leg bone/refers toperone/uspin/refers to(one of several muscles of leg that moves the foot)

108. PESfoottali/pesankle/foot(club foot - ankle and foot turn inward)related term(s): PED-, POD-, PODO-

109. PETECH/I-

smallpetech/ialsmall/refers to(usually refers to small hemorrhages or spots on skin or brain)

110. PETITlittle illnesspetit mallittle illness/bad(less severe than grand mal epileptic seizures)

111. PETRO-rock, stone, hardpetro/dermarock, stone, hard/skinosteo/petr/osisbone/stone-like/conditionrelated term(s): LAP/I-, LITHO-

112. PHAGO-eat, eating, perverse appetitephago/cyto/siseat, eating, perverse appetite/cells (WBC's)/refers toalternate spelling: -PHAGY

113. PHALANG/O-close knit row (fingers and toes)a/phalang/iawithout/close knit row (fingers and toes)/refers torelated term(s): PHALANX-

114. PHARMAC/O-drug relationship, to drug, medicinepharmac/o/log/istdrug or medicine/study of/specialist

115. PHARYNG/O-throatpharyng/itispharynx or throat/inflamed (sore throat)

116. PHAS/O-

speech or speakingdys/phas/iadifficult or faulty/speech or speaking/refers torelated term(s): PHAS-

117. -PHASEstagemeta/phasechange/stage or an appearance(stage of mit/o/sis-chromosomes visible changing)

118. -PHERESISwithdrawal or to separatehemato/pheresisblood/to separate(separating different types of blood cells: leuco/cytes, erythro/cytes, and thrombo/cytes)

119. -PHILElove of, to love, love foreosino/phil/iarose red (WBC staining)/love of/refers toalternate spelling: -PHILIArelated term(s): -PHIL

120. PHIM/O-to muzzle or muzzlingphim/osisto muzzle or muzzling/condition of

121. PHLEB/O-veinphleb/itisvein/inflamed

phleb/o/tom/istvein/cut/specialist (draws blood)related term(s): VENO-

122. PHOB/O-fearhydro/phob/iawater/fear (rabies)/refers to

123. PHOC/O-sealphoco/mel/iaseal/limbs/refers to(flipper babies caused by thalidomide and other drugs)

124. PHON/O-voice or sounddys/phon/iafaulty or difficult/voice or sound/refers to

125. PHOR/O-feeling (mental)eu/phor/iagood/feeling (mental)/refers to(esthesia means a physical feeling)

126. -PHORESISmigration, transport, move or carrya/phoresisno or lack of/migration, transportation, movement

hemo/phoresisblood/carrying, migration, transmitting

chema/phoresischemical/not moving

epi/phoresisabove/to carry or bear(the term -PHORESIS is a suffix, the term PHORES/I- is a prefix)

127. PHOT/O-lightphoto/graphylight/process of recording with devicephoto/phobialight/fear of

128. PHRAG/O-wall or partition

dia/phragmacross or through/wall or partitionrelated term(s): PARIET/O-, SEPTA-

129. PHRASO-speech or talka/phras/iawithout/speech, talk, unable to understand phrases/refers to

130. -PHRAXIAstoppage or obstructionhemo/phrax/iablood/stoppage or obstruction/refers to

131. PHREN/O-mind or diaphragmphren/iamind (mental disorder)/pertains tophren/ic (nerve)diaphragm/pertains to

132. -PHYLAXISprotection or guardpro/phylaxisbefore/protection or guardana/phylaxisaway from/prevention

133. PHYSI/O-function of or nature ofphysi/o/log/yfunction or nature of/science of/process of

134. -PHYSISgrowth or nature ofsym/physistogether/growth or nature ofalternate spelling: -PHYSIC

135. PHYTO-plantphyto/toxin

plant/poison(plant poisons effecting human)related term(s): -LICHEN

136. PIA-gentlepia matersoft or gentle: mother(innermost meninges 'membrane' layer covering the spinal cord)

137. PIL/O-hairpil/omahair/swelling or tumor-like(condition in hair follicle)related term(s): -THRIX, TRICH/O-

138. PINN/A-feather or feather likepinna/formfeather like/shape(the outer ear projection is called the pinna)

139. PITUIT/O-phlegm or glue like mucuspituit/aryphlegm or glue like mucus/refer to(mucoid fluid discharges when gland is pinched during dia/section)

140. PITYR/I-bran (cereal like scales on skin)pityri/asisbran (cereal like scales on skin)/refers to

141. PLACENT/A-cakeplacent/itiscake/inflamed(afterbirth or structure attached to uterine wall during pregnancy that provides nutrition to the fetus)

142. -PLAKIAplate or plate-like

leuko/plakiawhite/plate(pre-cancerous lesions on a membrane or the skin)

143. PLAN/O-flat or a plainplan/uspes plan/usfoot: flat or a plain (flat footed)

144. PLANT/O-sole of footplant/arsole of the foot/refer to(plantar warts 'verruca' are found on the bottom of foot)

145. PLAS-growth, development, formationhyper/plas/iaexcessive/growth, development, formation/pertains toalternate spelling: PLAS/O-, PLASTrelated term(s): -PLASM

146. -PLEG/IAparalysisquadri/plegiafour (limbs)/paralysis(often caused by a stroke 'Apoplexy or CVA')

para/plegiabeyond (lower two limbs)/paralyzedrelated term(s): -PARESIS, -PLEXY

147. PLEUR/O-side or ribpleur/itisside or rib/inflamed(this is an inflammation of the membrane that covers the lung just inside the ribcage)related term(s): COST/O-

148. -PLEXYparalysis

neuro/plexynerve/paralysisrelated term(s): -PARESIS, -PLEGIA

149. -PNEAbreathe or breathinga/pneawithout or lack of/breathe or breathingrelated term(s): PNEUM/O-, PNEUMON/O-, PNEUMAT/O-, SPIRO-

150. PNEUM/O-lung, air, respirationpneumo/thoraxair (within)/chestalternate spelling: PNEUMA-related term(s): -PNEA, PNEUMON/O-, PNEUMAT/O-

151. -POIE/SISto make, form, producehemato/poie/sisblood (large amount)/to make, form, produce/condition or state of(usually refers to blood production by bone marrow: erythro/poiesis 'RBC's)

152. POIKIL/O-irregular or varied shapepoikilo/cyticirregular or varied shape/cell

153. POLI/O-graypolio/myel/itisgray/spinal cord/inflamed(virus attaches anterior gray motor horn rami of the spinal cord)

154. POLLEX-thumbpollex/ectomythumb/removal

155. POLY-manypoly/dipsia

many/thirsts (being thirsty)related term(s): MULTI-, PLURI-

156. PONSbridgeponsbridge(surrounds the brain stem in front and connects to the cerebellum: switchboard)related term(s): PONT/O-

157. POR/O-cavity or passage (porous)osteo/por/o/sisbone/cavity or passage (porous)/condition of

158. POST-after or behindpost/part/umafter/birth/refers toposter/iorafter or behind/refers to

159. -POXpitssmall poxtiny/pits(some remain on skin after primary lesions disappear)

160. PRAND/I-meal or breakfastprandi/almeal or breakfast/pertain toa/prand/ialwithout/meal/refer to

161. -PRAX/IAmovement or actionpharmaco/prax/iadrug/movement or action/pertain to

myo/prax/ismuscle/action/refers to

related term(s): KINESIO-

162. PRE-beforepre/natalbefore/birthrelated terms: ANTE-, PRO-

163. PREPUCEforeskin or hoodprepuceforeskin or hood(skin covering of penis 'tail' and clitoris 'penis-like')

164. PRESBYO-oldpresby/op/iaold (weak eyes of elderly)/vision/refers to(vision defect seen with advancing aging known as far sightedness - 'Hyper/opia' - where one can see objects clearly far away, but not close up)

165. PRIM/I-firstprim/aryfirst/refers torelated term(s): PROT/O-

166. PRO-beforepro/gnosisbefore/knowledge

pro/phylax/isbefore/prevention or guard/refers torelated term(s): ANTE-, PRE-

167. PROCT/O-rectum or anusproct/o/log/istrectum or anus/science or study of/specialist

168. PRONE-to bend forwardpronat/ionto bend forward/process of(to lay face down; to lower; to turn hand palm downward or backward)related term(s): PRONAT/O-

169. PROPRI/O-property (nerve stimuli or information)proprio/ceptorproperty (nerve stimulation or information)/ones own receives(these are nerve receivers in the bodies joints)

170. PROSTAT/O-one who lies beforeprostat/ectomyone who lies before/excision (cut out)(prostate gland lies in front of urinary bladder)

171. PROT/O-firstproto/zoonfirst/animals(protozoa - the one cell animal)related term(s): PRIMI-

172. PROXIM/O-close or closestproxim/alclose or closest/refer to

173. PRUR/I-itch or itchingprur/itisitch/inflamedrelated term(s): PRURIT/O-

174. PSEUD/O-falsepseudo/membranousfalse/skin like/state of

175. PSOASloin (lumbar)psoasloin (lumbar)(these are muscles above the flank and beside the lumbar region)

176. PSOR/I-to itchpsori/asisto itch/condition of

177. PSYCH/O-mindpsych/olog/ymind/science of or study of/process of

178. PTERYG/O-wingedpteryg/oidwinged/resembles(membrane growth on medial aspect of eyeball)

179. -PTOSISto drop, fall, displacesplanchno/ptosisviscera or organ/to drop, fall, displacenephro/ptosiskidney/to drop, fall, displace

180. -PTYSISspitting or spithemo/ptysisblood/spitting or spit

181. PUB/O-pubis or pubicpub/icpubis or pubic/refers to

182. PULMON/O-lungpulmon/ary

lung/pertains toalternate spelling: PULM/O-related term(s): PNEUM/O-

183. PULP/O-solid fleshpulp/itissolid flesh/inflamed

184. PUPILL/O-pupilpupilo/meterpupil/to measure (size of ring shape)

185. PURPUR/O-purplepurpur/icpurple/refers to(small purple hemorrhages appear on the skin, membranes, organs, tissues)

186. PYEL/O-pelvis or kidneypyelo/nephr/itispelvis/of kidney /inflammation

187. PYKN/O-thick, dense, compactpykn/emiathick/refers to blood(often causing heart attacks and stroke)related term(s): PYCN/O-

188. PYL/O-gatekeeperpyl/or/icgatekeeper/one who/refer to(lower sphincter (that which binds together) of stomach)

189. PYO-puspyo/gen/icpus/produce/refers to

related term(s): PY-

190. PYRET/O-feverpyret/icfever 'febrile', heat, fire/refers topyreto/genfever/producingrelated term(s): PYREX-

191. QUADR/I-fourquadr/antsfour/refers to(4 abdominal divisions around navel '+')alternate spelling: QUAD-

192. QUINT/I-fivequintu/pletfive/offspring or folds

193. RADI/O-ray, spoke, X-ray, radio activityradia/tionray, spoke, X-ray, radio-activity/process of or state ofrad/iusspoke/refer to(lateral bone of forearm - to side with palm up)

194. RADIC/O-nerve root or spinal nerveradicul/itisnerve root/inflammationrelated term(s): RADICUL/O-

195. RAY-spoke or wave lengthrayspoke or wave length(This is one or more lines from a common center: energy, X-ray, spectrum, radiant, fluorescence,

and heat. Types vary: X-ray, alpha, beta, gamma, delta, actinic, cathode, hard, heat, infrared, luminous, medullary, positive, primary, secondary, roentgen, ultraviolet, etc.)

196. RE-againre/spir/ationagain/breath/process of

197. RECT/O-rectum or straightrecto/clysisrectum or straight/washing outrectus abdominal musclesstraight/belly/muscle

198. REN/O-kidneyren/alkidney/pertaining to

199. RETICUL/O-networkreticul/ationnetwork/process of(a massive net: composed of the net and WBC's in bone marrow and in lymph nodes)

200. RETINAnet or net likeRetin/itisnet or net like/inflamed(the appearance of the blood vessels on the thin inner eye layer at back of eyeball) 201. RETR/O-back of, behind, backward, afterretro/cervic/albehind/neck/refers toretro/gradeback of, backward, behind, after/movementretro/col/icback of/big intestine/refers to 202. RHACHI/O-jointed vertebrae, spine, spinal columnrhach/itisjointed vertebrae, spine, spinal column/inflamedalternate spelling: RACHIO-related term(s): RACHI- 203. RHEUMAT/O-discharge or flow throughrheumat/oid arthr/itisdischarge or flow through/resembles: joint/inflamed 204. RHIN/O-noserhino/plastynose/repair or plastic surgery (nose job)rhin/itisnose/inflamedrhin/o/rrheanose/running 205. RHOMB/O-parallelogram or diamond shapedrhomb/oid muscles (major and minor)parallelogram (diamond shaped)/resembles: muscles(one of two muscles beneath the large trapezius muscles of the neck and back 'cervical and thoracic vertebra'.) 206. RHYTID/O-wrinklesrhytid/ectomywrinkles/plastic surgery to remove wrinklesrhytido/plastywrinkles/plastic surgery or repair 207. RICHETTS/IArickets like symptoms in jointsrickets like symptoms in joints/refers to(Dr. Howard Ricketts was an American Pathologist '1871-1910' who identified this organism. Remember some terms in the sciences are named for people. Rickets is usually caused by the deficiency of Vitamin A & D) 208. ROENT/O-X-rayroent/gen/icx-ray/beginning or caused by/refer to 209. ROTAT/O-to turn or swing

aroundrotat/orto turn or swing around/one who 210. -RRHYTHMrhythm or contractiona/rrhythmlack of or without/rhythm or contraction 211. RUBE/O-redrube/osisred/condition ofalternate spelling: RUBER/O-related term(s): RUBELLO-, RUBEOL- 212. RUG/A-foldsrug/aefolds/refers to (seen in vagina; stomach; intestines) 213. SACCHAR/O-sugarsacchar/idesugar/likeness 214. SACR/O-saucer or sacred bonesacr/alsaucer or sacred bone/pertaining to 215. SAGITT/O-arrow or arrow likemid/sagitt/almiddle/like and arrow or arrow-like (cut)/refers to(visual or surgical cut separating body or parts into right and left segments) 216. SALIV/O-spitsaliv/ationspit (making)/process ofsaliva/process of (making or producing) 217. SALPING/O-tube, duct, canalsalping/itistube, duct, canal/inflamed 218. SARC/O-fleshysarc/omafleshy/tumor(these are tumors of the body's hard tissue 'bones, muscle, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage' that become soft or flesh-like) 219. SCAB/O-to itchscab/iesto itch/condition of(mite infestation of skin) 220. SCAPUL/O-shoulder bladescapul/ectomyshoulder blade/removal (surgical excision) 221. SCHIZ/O-split or splittingschizo/phren/iasplit/mind/refers torelated term(s): SCHIST/O-, SCISS/I- 222. SCLER/O-hardeningathero/scler/osisyellow fat or porridge/hardening/condition of(this is the leading killer or Cardio-Vascular Disease in the U.S.A.)scler/itishard/inflammation(sclera is the hard outer white membrane layer of eye) 223. SCOLI/O-crooked or twistedscoli/osiscrooked or twisted (spine)/condition of 224. -SCOP/Ean instrument that examines or viewsmicro/scop/esmall/to view or examine/instrument(process of) 225. -SCOPYto examine or viewlapro/scop/yabdomen wall or abdominal/to examine or view/procedure of (process of) 226. SCOT/O-darknessscot/omadarkness (blind spot)/swelling or tumor (causing)(portion of retina of the eye: blind spot) 227. SCROT/O-sac or pouchscrot/alsac or pouch/refers torelated term(s): VESIC/O- 228. SCURVYto scratchscurvyto scratch(vitamin C deficiency) 229. SEB/O-oilseb/aceous glandoil/pertains to(sebaceous gland of hair follicle: sebum means oil like -oleum) 230. SECRETO-separating or to separatesecreat/orseparating or to separate/one who 231. SECT/O-to cutsect/ionto cut (several times) or to cut apart/procedure of(to section an organ)related term(s): -CIS, -TOM 232. SEMI-halfsemi/conscioushalf/awarerelated term(s): DEMI-, HEMI- 233. SEMIN/O-seed or seed producersemin/alseed or seed producer/refers tosemenseed (male sperm 'with fluid')related term(s): GONO-, SEMEN/O- 234. SENIL/E-oldsenil/ityold/state of(mental and/or physical weakness)(Presbyt/iatrics and Ger/iatrics treat diseases of old age) 235. SEPT/A-partition or wallsept/umpartition or wall/refers to(wall dividing a space: nose and heart)related term(s): PARIET/O-, PHARG/O- 236. SEPT/I-seventhsepti/paraseventh/child births or born infants 237. SEPT/O-poison, infection, decay, putrefysept/icpoison/refer torelated term(s): SEPS/O-, TOX/O- 238. SIAL/O-saliva or spitsial/aden/itissaliva or spit/gland/inflammationhypo/sialo/gogiclow/saliva/productionrelated term(s): -PTYSIS, SALVI/O- 239. SIDER/O-ironsidero/cyteiron/cell(specialized RBC's that contain iron in a form other than hematin)related term(s): FERR/O-, HEME- 240. SILIC/O-silicon carbon particlessilico/sissilicon carbon particles/refers to(also known as: arc welders disease - inhaling iron particles) 241. SIN/O-cavitysin/uscavity/refers to(air-filled or open space in bone)related term(s): ALVEOL/I- 242. SINISTR/O-to the left or leftsinistro/card/iato the left or left/heart/refers to 243. SKELET/O-dried up or to attachskelet/aldried up or to attach/refers to 244. SOLE-the sole of the footsole/ussole of foot/refers to(muscle running from the back of the lower leg to the sole of the foot) 245. -SOLin solution or solutionaero/solair/solution 246. SOM/O-bodypsycho/somat/icmind/body/refer to(the term SOM/O is a prefix, the term -SOME is a suffix)related term(s): SOMAT/O- 247. SOMN/O-sleepsomni/pathysleep/disease(sleep disorder)related term(s): HYPN/O- 248. SON/O-

soundsono/gramsound/recording or writing (diagnosis)related term(s): ECHO- 249. SPAD/I-to tearepi/spad/ismupon/to tear/state of(usually abnormal opening on the upper side of the male penis or shaft)related term(s): AVULS/I-, tip: DACRY/O- and LACRIM/O- means “to tear” as in tearing or crying 250. -SPASMinvoluntary contractionmyo/spasmmuscle/sudden involuntary muscle contraction