Principles of various fibre testing instruments
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Transcript of Principles of various fibre testing instruments
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PRINCIPLES OF VARIOUS FIBERTESTING INSTRUMENTS
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TEXTLE TESTING
• Testing for FIBERS,YARN,FABRIC and GARMENT.
• Testing means to check the quality of the product.
TYPES OF TESTING:-
• Objective testing.
• Subjective testing.
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TYPES OF ERROR
• Consumer risk.(sample)
• Producer risk.(lot)
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CONDITIONING OVEN
PRINCIPLE:-
• REGAIN is the weight of the material.
• The weight of the material is measured under a standard condition.
• The instrument is must calibration.
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PURPOSE
• To measure the amount of moisture present in the given material.
• THERMO STAT - to control the temperature.
• LIMITATIONS - difficult to connect the perforated tray to physical balance for normally.
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• The performance of textile fibers (or) yarn (or) fabric is differ in wet and dry conditions.
• Moisture regain=wt of water/oven dry wt x100
• Moisture content=wt of water/total wt of material x 100
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SHIRLEY TRASH ANALYSER
PURPOSE:-
• To measure the amount of trash content present in the cotton fiber.
• TRASH means broken seeds.
• TRASH + COTTON KAPPAS.
• CLEAN COTTON LINT.
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SHIRLEY MOISTURE METER
PRINCIPLE:-
• The electrical resistance of textile fibers various with different regain values.
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DISADVANTAGE
• If the using this instrument is that the dyeing and chemical treatments alter the electrical properties of the material and it is not to possible to calibrate the instrument.
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BAER SORTER:-
• To measure the fiber length in a old type model.
DIGITAL FIBRO GRAPH:-
• To measure the fiber length value in digital form and more accuracy.
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AIR FLOW AND FIBER FINENESS
• Air flow according to total gape in the base.
PRINCIPLE:-
• Rate of air flow ᾀ 1/surface area of fibers.
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• A sample of known weight is compressed in a cylinder to a known volume and subjected to an air current at a known pressure.
• The rate of air flow through this porous plug of fiber , related to the fineness of the cotton fiber is measure.
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MICRONAIRE
PURPOSE:-
• To measure the fineness of the fiber.
FIBER FINENESS RATING:-
• Below 3 - very fine.
• 3 to 3.9 - fine.
• 4 to 4.9 - average fine.
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• 5 to 5.9 - coarser.
• 6 and above - very coarser.
FINENESS:-
• Number of the fibers in the yarn is depends on fiber fineness.
• Fineness denotes the size of cross sectional dimensions.
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• Linear density (or) weight/unit length of fiber is more commonly used index of fineness.
METHOD OF FINENESS MEASUREMENT:-
• Optical.
• Unidimensional.
• Bidimensional.
• Air flow method.
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COTTON FIBER
CROSS SECTIONAL VIEW:-
• lumen - empty space in cotton fiber.
• Lumen part ↓ maturity ↑ dyeability↑
METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF MATURITY:-
• Indirect method → CAUSTIC SODA SWELLING METHOD
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• Direct method →
1. Differential dyeing method.
2. Polarified high method.
3. Causticaire method.
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ABRASION RESISTANCE
• The Abrasion Tester cum Pilling Tester is used to determine abrasion as well as pilling resistance of any type of woven, non-woven, knitted, and coated fabric.
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COLOR MATCHING CABINET
• The Color Matching Cabinet is used for visual inspection of any colored material like textile, paper, paint, ink, automotive etc.
• Standard Light sources are used for accurate testing and inspection.
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LIGHT SOURCE TYPE OF LIGHT COLOR TEMPERATURE
D-65 Artificial Day Light 6500K
CWF Cool White Fluorescent ( Office Lighting )
4150K
TL-84 Triphospher Fluorescent Lamp ( Show room Light )
4100K
TL-83 Triphospher Fluorescent Lamp ( Show room light for European Buyers)
4100K
UV Ultra Violet Light -------------
U-30 Ultra Lume Commercial Fluorescent ( For American Buyers)
3000K
TUNGSTEN FILAMENT Incandescent Light 2300 TO 2800K
U-35 American Narrow band Fluorescent
2500K
ILLUMINANT A Tungsten Filament Halogen Lamp
2856K
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