Prince Edward Island Agriculture
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Transcript of Prince Edward Island Agriculture
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Prince Edward Island Agriculture
Introduction
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PEI General Agriculture Facts
▪# 1 industry - followed by tourism▪620,000 acres (approx.) out of possible
1.4 million▪Generated $400 million in total farm cash
receipts in 2010▪1700 farms* (2006 census)▪Farms are family owned and operated
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PEI General Agriculture Facts
▪Average farm size - 350 acres▪Average farm capital- $869,985▪16% of Island’s workforce▪4.5% of Islanders are farmers (higher
than national average of 2.4%)▪Our entire economy affected by
agriculture
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Potato Production
▪360 Farms (84,500 acres)▪Commodity generating the highest farm
cash receipts ▪PEI Potato Board▪3 sectors▸Table - 30% of total acreage▸Seed - 10% of total acreage▸Processing - 60% of total acreage
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Dairy Production
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Dairy Production
▪Stable- Supply Management▸a marketing system where producers control
the production (supply) of a particular commodity (product).
▪200 dairy farms▪15,000 dairy cows (11,666 in production)▪Holstein most popular breed▪Most herds have purebred and
registered cattleMilking a Cow
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Dairy Production
▪Average herd size is 60 cows▪Average production per cow is 8,500
liters per year (100 glasses/day) ▪Quota Price $28,000▪Annual milk production exceeds 101
million liters▪Dairy Farmers of PEI▪Breeding stock sold throughout world
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CharolaisHereford
Shorthorn
Beef ProductionBeef Operation
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Beef Production
▪35% of all farms (approx. 450 farms)▪2 sectors: Cow/calf and Feedlot▪feeders marketed annually▪Average herd size 40 head▪Beef plant - Atlantic Beef Products Inc.-
located in Borden/Carleton▪Co-op Atlantic Tender Beef Classic brand▪PEI Cattle Producers
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Hog Production
▪25 farms – bio security procedures▪2 sectors▸Weaner production ( up to 30 lbs)▸Finishing production ( up to 200 lbs)▪89,310 pigs marketed in 2010, 13 million
in farm cash receipts▪Industry is in transition/crisis▪The Hog Farm Transition Program
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Duroc
Hampshire
Landrace
Yorkshire
Swine Breeds
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Vegetable Production
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Vegetable Production
▪110 farms (excluding potato farms)▪2000 acres▸Carrots (665 acres)▸Rutabagas/turnip (510 acres)▸Brocolli (200 acres)▸Cauliflower (200 acres)▸Cabbage (175 acres)▸Onions (100 acres)
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Vegetable Production
▪Smaller acres of:▸Lettuce (40 acres)▸Pumpkins (25 acres)▸Cucumber (15 acres)▸Beans (15 acres)▸Peppers (12 acres)▸Garlic (10 acres)▸Beets (5 acres)▸Tomatoes (5 acres)
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▪Local fresh markets▪Organic market▪Processing (Island Quality Vegetables
Inc.)▪High labour requirement▪Growing interest in processing crops
Food Country - Brookfield Gardens
Vegetable Production
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Eggs and Poultry▪Supply-managed commodities▪2 sectors▸Eggs ▸Meat poultry▪In 2010, 8 producers averaged 3.398 million
dozen eggs ▪1.611 million eggs were consumed on PEI,
1.785 went to breaking plants in Ontario & Quebec
▪10 producers producing chicken and turkey
Meet a Canadian Egg Farmer
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The Fur Breeders▪12 mink farms▪Produce pelts for European market
(volatile world economy makes it hard to predict future markets)
▪pelting equipment is automated and computerized and the animals are euthanized painlessly using the most humane method, in a carbon monoxide chamber.
▪The PEI Fur Breeders Association
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Fruit Production▪Largest acreage of commercial fruit crops is
lowbush blueberries (13,000 acres, 10 million lbs.)
▪Smaller acres of strawberries & raspberries ▪Increasing interest in commercial cranberry
bogs ▪Strawberry nursery stock exported to US▪20,000 apple trees in production▪UPEI and AgriFood Canada are both
conducting research around the health benefits of rose hips
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Organic Production▪55 certified organic producers▪3 years since last application of synthetic
chemicals and fertilizer▪2000 acres currently certified▪Crops and livestock▪Local market- Farmers Market▪Market demand is increasing▪CSA – Community Shared
Agriculture
Charlottetown Farmers Market
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Forage Production
▪Over 135,000 acres of hay yielding about 2 ton/acre
▪Species of grass/legumes grown▸Red clover▸Alfalfa▸Timothy ▪Stored as hay or silage
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alfalfa
red clovertimothy
Forage Production
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Forage Production
▪weight of a 4 X 4 round bale is between 800-1000 pounds
▪cost of a round bale is between $15 - $20
▪one bale will feed 10 beef cows a day
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Grains & Oilseed Production
▪Largest group of crops (139,000 acres)▪Most grain fed to livestock▪Grown in rotation with potato crops▪77,000 acres of wheat, oats, barley and
mixed grain, grain corn▪Soybeans (55,000 +, for overseas
market 1/3 to Japan for tofu)▪New opportunities in fuel production
Food vs. Fuel
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Cereal Production
▪Smaller amounts of rye and milling wheat grown (for flour production)
▪Harvesting begins in mid-August and ends in early October
▪Straw is baled (square or round) for bedding
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Sustainable Farming
▪“We don’t own the land, we borrow it from our children.”
▪Farming in a sustainable manner▸Enhanced Environmental Farm Plan▸Watercourse Buffer Zones▸Agricultural Crop Rotation Act ▸ALUS Program