Next Generation

PRIMAL AC-369 binder for SEA PRIMAL AS-369S

27 April 2012

Binders to Screen

Binder ID % Solid

Content MFFT, C Tg, C pH

Viscosity,

cps (#2, 60rpm)

PRIMAL AC-261 50.0 16.0 24.0 9.5

Performance Study

Formulation Latitude 40PVC

60PVC

Binder Properties Water Whitening

Paint Properties Physical Properties (pH, viscosity)

Gloss & Hiding (weekly monitoring for 4 weeks)

Heat Age Storage Stability Test (10 days @ 50C)

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40PVC: Formulation - 40PVC 35VS 48WS

4

Ingredients PRIMAL

AC-261 PRIMAL

AC-369 PRIMAL AC-369S

PRIMAL AC- 6501M

UCAR R-361G

Water 125.00 125.00 125.00 125.00 125.00

CELLOSIZE ER 30M 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15

AMP-95 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11

Propylene Glycol 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00

KATHON LXE 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12

Tego Foamex 825 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07

ECOSURF LF-45 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15

OROTAN 731A 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40

Ti-Pure R-706 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00

CC(1000Mesh) 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00

Kaolin DB-80 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00

Grind Sub-total 440.00 440.00 440.00 440.00 440.00

Respective Binders 370.44 378.00 378.00 370.44 370.44

ROPAQUE Ultra E 59.00 59.00 59.00 59.00 59.00

ECOSURF BD-405 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30

Optifilm Enhancer 300 10.15 10.15 10.15 10.15 10.15

ACRYSOL RM-2020 NPR 21.50 21.50 21.50 21.50 21.50

Acrysol RM-8W 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50

Water 94.11 86.55 86.55 94.11 94.11

Total 1000.00 1000.00 1000.00 1000.00 1000.00

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Paint ID PRIMAL

AC-261 PRIMAL

AC-369 PRIMAL AC-369S

PRIMAL AC- 6501M

UCAR R-361G

Initial KU/ICI/pH 100.7/1.02/8.99 102.3/1.10/8.45 101.8/1.09/8.26 103.3/1.12/9.24 98.6/1.05/8.73

EV. KU/ICI/pH 105.0/0.99/9.16 107.8/1.07/8.35 106.9/1.07/8.40 106.1/1.12/9.27 103.4/1.01/8.85

Overnight KU 4.3 5.5 5.1 2.8 4.8

Y-reflectivity 89.76 89.65 89.43 89.45 89.51

Hiding, % 93.27 93.44 93.48 93.50 93.42

Gloss 20 / 60 / 85

1.8/11.6/48.7 2.0/12.8/50.8 1.9/12.3/49.5 1.8/11.7/47.7 1.8/10.3/45.6

40PVC: Paint Properties

All paints are relatively stable, with similar gloss and hiding.

Paint ID PRIMAL

AC-261 PRIMAL

AC-369 PRIMAL

C-369S PRIMAL

AC- 6501M UCAR R-361G

Initial KU/ICI/pH 110.4 / 0.99 /

9.16 112.6 / 1.07 /

8.35 112.6 / 1.07 /

8.40 111.4 / 1.12 /

9.27 108.0 / 1.01 /

8.85

Final KU/ICI/pH 108.0 / 0.98 /

8.73 111.0 / 1.09 /

8.18 109.7 / 1.06 /

8.06 106.9 / 1.05 /

8.94 107.3 / 1.00 /

8.51

KU -2.4 -1.6 -2.9 -4.5 -0.7

Syneresis / mm - - - - -

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40PVC: Heat Age Storage Stability Test [50C, 10 days]

All paints are relatively stable upon storage at 50C.

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40PVC: Colour Acceptance

0.17

0.35

0.48 0.42

0.2 0.22

0.12

0.48

0.26

0.37

0.96 0.93

0.69

0.85

1.43

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

PRIMAL AC-261 PRIMAL AC-369 PRIMAL AC-369S PRIMAL AC- 6501M

UCAR R-361G

E

Lamp Black Red Oxide Phthalo Blue

E values of

40PVC: Scrub Resistance 7 days curing, abrasive with shim

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Paint ID PRIMAL

AC-261 PRIMAL

AC-369 PRIMAL AC-369S

PRIMAL AC- 6501M

UCAR R-361G

First cut 480 445 493 492 585

Cut Through 616 615 712 627 843

% Difference in Cut Through

- -0.16% 15.58% 1.79% 36.85%

PRIMAL AC-369S has better scrub resistance than AC-261 and AC-369.

UCAR R-361G has significantly better scrub resistance.

40PVC: Tensile & Elongation (per SS-500)

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PRIMAL AC-261

PRIMAL AC-369

PRIMAL AC-369S

PRIMAL AC- 6501M

UCAR R-361G

Avg Elongation 51% 60% 99% 76% 66%

Avg Tensile St (MPa) 5.67 5.50 6.01 5.65 4.94

51%

60%

99%

76%

66%

5.67 5.50

6.01

5.65

4.94

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

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Tensile Passing

Requirement:

Minimium 1.5MPa

Elongation Passing

Requirement:

Minimium 100%

40PVC: Dirt Pick-Up Resistance

10

Slightly better Dc index for PRIMAL AC-369S after 1 month of outdoor exposure.

96.1 96.1

96.6

96.1

95.5

94.8

95.0

95.2

95.4

95.6

95.8

96.0

96.2

96.4

96.6

96.8

1 month

Dirt Collection Index after 1 month of exposure

AC-261 AC-369 AC-369S AC-36501M UCAR R361G

40PVC: Summary

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Paint ID PRIMAL

AC-261 PRIMAL AC-369

PRIMAL AC-369S

PRIMAL AC- 6501M

UCAR R-361G

Paint Stability Similar

Paint Heat Age Stability Similar

Colour Acceptance Best

Scrub Resistance = + = + +

Tensile Strength (per SS 500)

Pass Pass Pass Best Tensile Strength

Pass Pass

Water Resistance Alkaline Resistance Adhesion on Glass

Early Blistering

Ok

Dirt Pick-Up Resistance (1 month)

Slightly better DPUR

60PVC: Formulation - 60PVC 37VS 50WS

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Ingredients PRIMAL

AC-261 PRIMAL

AC-369 PRIMAL AC-369S

PRIMAL AC- 6501M

UCAR R-361G

Water 140.00 140.00 140.00 140.00 140.00

CELLOSIZE ER 30M 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50

AMP-95 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11

Propylene Glycol 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00

KATHON LXE 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12

Tego Foamex 825 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07

ECOSURF LF-45 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.15

OROTAN 731A 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40 8.40

Ti-Pure R-706 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

CC (1000Mesh) 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00

Kaolin DB-80 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00

Grind Sub-total 515.35 515.35 515.35 515.35 515.35

Respective Binders 249.60 254.69 254.69 249.60 249.60

ROPAQUE Ultra E 110.00 110.00 110.00 110.00 110.00

ECOSURF BD-405 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30

Optifilm Enhancer 300 7.89 7.89 7.89 7.89 7.89

ACRYSOL RM-2020 NPR 21.50 21.50 21.50 21.50 21.50

Acrysol RM-8W 0.95 0.12 1.66 0.32 0.25

Water 90.41 91.24 89.70 85.95 86.02

Total 1000.00 1000.00 1000.00 1000.00 1000.00

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Paint ID PRIMAL

C-261 PRIMAL

AC-369 PRIMAL AC-369S

PRIMAL AC- 6501M

UCAR R-361G

Initial KU/ICI/pH 99.4/1.19/9.12 102.6/1.23/8.76 103.8/1.22/8.55 102.5/1.25/9.25 100.6/1.23/9.00

EV. KU/ICI/pH 102.4/1.35/8.98 104.9/1.20/8.56 105.1/1.21/8.46 105/1.23/9.13 102/1.34/8.92

Overnight KU 3.0 2.3 1.3 2.5 1.4

Y-reflectivity 86.94 86.82 86.3 86.8 86.76

Hiding, % 87.11 87.71 87.31 85.94 86.94

Gloss 20 / 60 / 85

1.3/2.9/8.1 1.3/2.8/8.0 1.3/2.8/7.8 1.3/2.9/7.7 1.3/2.9/7.8

60PVC: Paint Properties

All paints are relatively stable, with similar gloss and hiding.

Paint ID PRIMAL

AC-261 PRIMAL

AC-369 PRIMAL AC-369S

PRIMAL AC- 6501M

UCAR R-361G

Initial KU/ICI/pH 105/1.35/8.98 107.8/1.20/8.56 108.3/1.21/8.46 107.9/1.23/9.13 105/1.34/8.92

Final KU/ICI/pH 104.2/1.09/8.82 106.8/1.33/8.47 108.1/1.14/8.22 106.2/1.19/8.83 105.5/1.19/8.56

KU -0.8 -1.0 -0.2 -1.7 0.5

Syneresis / mm 2mm 1mm 1mm 1mm 1mm

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60PVC: Heat Age Storage Stability Test [50C, 10 days]

All paints are relatively stable upon storage at 50C.

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60PVC: Colour Acceptance

E values of

60PVC: Scrub Resistance 7 days curing, abrasive with shim

16

Paint ID PRIMAL

AC-261 PRIMAL

AC-369 PRIMAL AC-369S

PRIMAL AC- 6501M

UCAR R-361G

First cut 379 383 395 385 460

Cut Through 464 452 504 467 561

% Difference in Cut Through

-2.59% 8.62% 0.65% 20.91%

PRIMAL AC-369S has better scrub than AC-261 and AC-369. UCAR R-361G has significantly better scrub.

PRIMAL AC-261

PRIMAL AC-369

PRIMAL AC-369S

PRIMAL AC- 6501M

UCAR R-361G

Avg Elongation 5% 6% 8% 4% 2%

Avg Tensile St (MPa) 6.71 6.21 6.73 7.63 6.45

5%

6%

8%

4%

2%

6.71

6.21

6.73

7.63

6.45

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

8%

9%

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60PVC: Tensile & Elongation (per SS-500)

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Tensile Passing

Requirement:

Minimium 1.5MPa

60PVC: Dirt Pick-Up Resistance

18

All paints have similar Dc index after 1 month of outdoor

exposure.

98.98 98.97

98.99 98.99

99.02

98.94

98.95

98.96

98.97

98.98

98.99

99.00

99.01

99.02

99.03

1 month

Dirt Collection Index after 1 month of exposure

AC-261 AC-369 AC-369S AC-36501M UCAR R361G

60PVC: Summary

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Paint ID PRIMAL

AC-261 PRIMAL

AC-369 PRIMAL AC-369S

PRIMAL AC- 6501M

UCAR R-361G

Paint Stability Similar

Paint Heat Age Stability

Similar

Colour Acceptance Good Good Good Phthalo Blue

>0.50 Good

Scrub Resistance - + = + +

Tensile Strength (per SS 500)

Pass Pass Pass Pass Best Tensile Strength

Pass

Water Resistance Alkaline Resistance Adhesion on Glass

Ok

Early Water Blistering Ok Ok Ok Ok Blisters formed

after 3hrs

Dirt Pick-up Resistance (1-month)

Similar

Conclusion

PRIMAL AC-369S has better scrub that PRIMAL

However, UCAR R-361G has much better scrub resistance properties.

PRIMAL AC-369S has the best overall tensile strength properties at both PVC levels.

Dirt Pick-Up Resistance for PRIMAL AC-369S is slightly better than UCAR R361G at 40PVC.

The overall performance of PRIMAL AC-369S is comparable/better to the other binders evaluated.

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