Price €110.35^ AB InBev BUY - Jefferies ABI-SAB's footprint, sizing the value uplift from revenue...
Transcript of Price €110.35^ AB InBev BUY - Jefferies ABI-SAB's footprint, sizing the value uplift from revenue...
USD Prev. 2015A Prev. 2016E Prev. 2017E Prev. 2018E
Rev. (MM) -- 43,604.0 -- 42,778.0 -- 57,509.0 -- 59,936.0
Organic RevGrowth
-- 6.2% -- 3.6% -- 5.9% -- 5.9%
EBIT (MM)Adjusted
-- 13,768.0 -- 13,141.0 -- 19,666.0 -- 21,410.0
EBIT Margin -- 31.6% -- 30.7% -- 34.2% -- 35.7%
EV/EBITDA -- -- -- -- -- 15.6x -- 14.2x
FY P/E 23.9x 35.4x 22.3x 20.1x
FCF Yield -- -- -- -- -- 4.70% -- 5.30%
EPS Adjusted
FY Dec -- 5.20 -- 3.50 -- 5.57 -- 6.18
Price Performance
SEP-15 JAN-16 MAY-16 SEP-16
130
120
110
100
90
^Prior trading day's closing price unlessotherwise noted.
COMPANY NOTE
Initiating Coverage
Global | Consumer | Beverages 13 September 2016
AB InBev (ABI BB)Living the Dream; Initiating at Buy
EQU
ITY R
ESEARC
H G
LOB
AL
BUYPrice target €130.00
Price €110.35^
Financial SummaryNet Debt (MM): $42,185.0
Market Data52 Week Range: €124.20 - €92.73Total Entprs. Value (MM): €218,510.2Market Cap. (MM): €180,974.0Insider Ownership: 52.7%Shares Out. (MM): 1,640.0Float (MM): 722.8Avg. Daily Vol.: 1,355,712
Edward Mundy, ACA *Equity Analyst
+44 (0)20 7029 8476 [email protected] Hathorn, CFA *
Equity Associate+44 (0) 20 7029 8722 [email protected]
* Jefferies International Limited
Key Takeaway
We initiate coverage with a BUY. Our 12 month PT EUR 130 is predicated onthe realisation of USD 3bn cost saves on the SABMiller deal vs guidance 1.4bn.In our long range outlook we think a share price of EUR 180-200 is justified(by 2022) through delivery on the 2020 Dream Incentive Plan. Key steps are 1)over-delivery on SABMiller cost saves 2) driving sustainable med-term revenuegrowth +6% 3) further value accretive M&A (over 10% accretive to EPS)
PT EUR 130 - our 12 month PT is predicated on the realisation of USD 3bn cost synergiesvs company guidance USD 1.4bn.
Dream 2020 justifies a value per share EUR 180-200: We estimate that delivery onthe USD 100bn revenue target per the 2020 Dream Incentive Plan would justify a valueper share EUR 180-200 by 2022. We see the company (1) over-delivering on SABMillercost cutting (USD 3bn vs guidance USD 1.4bn), (2) driving sustainable med-term revenuegrowth (+6%) and (3) carrying out further value accretive M&A (over 10% accretive)
(1) Over-delivery of SABMiller cost cutting: given our more aggressive cost cuttingtargets (USD 3bn vs guidance USD 1.4bn), we are 6% ahead of F17 consensus and 9% aheadof F18. Key analysis within this report includes a deep dive on ABI/SAB cost bases and in-depth analysis of previous transactions.
(2) Driving sustainable med-term revenue growth +6%: top line revenue growthis an increasingly important metric for the group. Key analysis includes a bottom-up reviewof ABI-SAB's footprint, sizing the value uplift from revenue synergies (worth EUR 3-6 pershare), and increasing low alcohol mix (worth an incremental EUR 3-19 per share).
(3) Further value accretive M&A: Although the pace of M&A will naturally slow, weestimate EPS accretion of over 10% from the associate/minority buy-ins. This is reminiscentof the BUD transaction which offered a c.10% earnings kicker through the Modelo deal.
Potential entry point: We acknowledge some 'detail risk' on the SABMiller transaction.However, we believe the long term arguments are sufficiently robust that ABI warrants a Buy.
Valuation/RisksABI trades on cal 2018 p/e 20.1x in line with global staples 19.8x. Our DCF driven PT of EUR130 implies ABI trades at a 15% premium to global staples, a re-rating we believe is warrantedgiven the company's durable competitive advantages, earnings potential & balance sheetoptionality. Key risks: 1) SABMiller transaction, 2) FX & Macro, 3) regulation and tax
Please see analyst certifications, important disclosure information, and information regarding the status of non-US analysts on pages 87 to 92 of this report.
ABISAB pro-forma FY16 EBIT
Source: Company data
N
America
31%
Mexico
9%
LatAm
40%
Africa
8%
Asia 8% Europe
4%
Guidance & Other considerations
At least US$1.4bn cost synergies and
US$0.5bn in-flight savings.
Avg cost of debt on the transaction 3.2%.
We see upside risk to the US$1.4bn cost
savings target and model US$3bn
synergies.
Prospective 12 mths. PER
Source: Factset consensus
15.3x
25.5x
5x
10x
15x
20x
25x
30x
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Beverages
Stoxx600
ABI
Anheuser-Busch Inbev (ABI) is the world’s largest brewer, with c.30% global beer market
share post its announced £79bn acquisition of SABMiller, and one of the top five consumer
products companies. AB Inbev global beer brands include Budweiser, Corona, Stella Artois
and a portfolio of over 200 beer brands. The business is geographically diversified with a
balanced exposure to developed and developing markets with 150,000 employees in 26
countries worldwide generating pro-forma $55bn revenue and $21bn EBITDA in 2016F.
ABI is a publically traded company (Euronext: ABI) based in Leuven Belgium with American
Depositary Receipts on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: BUD).
Heineken 16Q3 sales, 26 Oct 2016
ABI 16Q3 report, 28 Oct 2016
Carlsberg 16Q3 sales, 9 Nov 2016
Expected SABMiller timeline:
AB Inbev AGM, 28 Sep 2016
UK court to sanction last day dealing in SAB
shares, 5 Oct 2016
Last time for revising elections for cash or
Partial Share Alternative, 7 Oct 2016
Merger combination completes, 10 Oct 2016
New listing of combined group, 11 Oct 2016
Catalysts
Target Investment Thesis
We estimate US$3bn synergies vs currently
announced ‘at least’ US$1.4bn.
FY17-19E organic revenue growth +6% pa,
EBIT +11% pa and EPS +12% pa.
DCF-driven price target: €130.
Company trades 2018 P/E 20x, in line with
consumer ave. More attractive on FCF yield
at 5.3% vs average 4.9%.
Our €130 PT implies P/E 23x and FCF yield
4.6%. Premium justified given visibility on
earnings and durable competitive
advantages.
Upside Scenario
Fx and macro.
Cost savings: every US$200m incremental
cost savings is worth 1% to earnings.
Revenues: successful roll-out of premium
brand strategy and zero/low alcohol beer
is worth €6-25 per share.
Achievement of US$100bn revenue target
by 2022 implies a value per share €180-
200.
Downside Scenario
Fx, macro, commodity and regulatory risk.
Non-completion of SABMiller transaction
would drive share price to €90 – we see
low risk of deal being blocked at
shareholder vote 28 September.
Failure to successfully integrate SABMiller
could result in lower-than-expected
synergy delivery. Every US$200m of
synergies is worth 1% to earnings.
Tax rate – we assume tax rate 23%-24%,
no guidance given.
Long Term Analysis
Scenarios
CY2018 PE ratio
Source: Jefferies estimates
20.1x
17.7x 18.4x
12.1x
16.1x
21.8x
17.8x16.9x
25.6x
19.8x
10x
15x
20x
25x
30x
Earnings Growth vs P/E
Source: Jefferies estimates
ABI
CARL.B
HEIA
BVIC
CCH
CPR
DGERI
RCO
10x
15x
20x
25x
30x
0% 5% 10% 15%
CY
17
PE
EPS CAGR (CY16-18E)
Recommendation / Price Target
T icke r R e com m e n d at io n P T
A B I -B B B u y E U R 1 3 0
C A R L.B -D C H o l d D K K 6 0 0
H E I A -N A H o l d E U R 8 0
B V I C -LN H o l d G B p 6 5 0
C C H -LN B u y G B p 2 0 0 0
C P R - I M H o l d E U R 1 0
D G E -LN B u y G B p 2 5 0 0
R I -F P B u y E U R 1 1 5
R C O -F P H o l d E U R 8 0
Company Description
THE LO
NG
VIE
W
Peer Group
AB Inbev
Buy: €130 Price Target
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 2 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................ 4 2020 DREAM INCENTIVE PLAN..................................................................................................... 5 (1) OVER-DELIVERY ON SABMILLER COST CUTTING .................................................................... 10
What has been reported? ........................................................................................................... 13 Drill-down into each cost bucket ................................................................................................ 16 Disposals – quantifying the impact on the synergy opportunity ................................................ 20 ABI synergies – two case studies ................................................................................................ 22
Case study – ABI’s cost cutting in N.America ......................................................................... 22 Case study – ABI’s cost cutting in Mexico .............................................................................. 24
Sense check on margins .............................................................................................................. 25 What about benefits to the legacy ABI business from the transaction....................................... 26 Integration team ......................................................................................................................... 27
(2) DRIVING SUSTAINABLE MED-TERM REVENUE GROWTH (+6%) .............................................. 28 ABI-SAB’s strong footprint – source of long term competitive advantage ................................. 28
Splitting ABI-SAB’s business into four buckets ....................................................................... 30 Building the organic growth profile ............................................................................................ 34
1. Improved geographies ....................................................................................................... 35 2. Incentive structure – emphasis on top line......................................................................... 37
Sizing the value uplift from revenue synergies ........................................................................... 38 Sizing the value uplift from low alcohol ...................................................................................... 41
(3) FURTHER VALUE ACCRETIVE M&A ........................................................................................ 47 Capital allocation objectives ....................................................................................................... 47 M&A has created significant value ............................................................................................. 47 M&A after SABMiller .................................................................................................................. 49
Castel Group .......................................................................................................................... 50 Anadolu Efes .......................................................................................................................... 53
DEAL APPRAISAL ....................................................................................................................... 55 What multiple is ABI paying for SABMiller? ................................................................................ 55 Key transaction metrics .............................................................................................................. 60
CULTURE – THE SECRET SAUCE .................................................................................................. 62 VALUATION & RISKS – EUR 130 PT ............................................................................................. 65 APPENDIX 1 - ABI-SAB TRANSACTION – DETAILS ........................................................................ 68 APPENDIX 2 – MODEL................................................................................................................ 70
ABI: Financial Model ................................................................................................................... 72 Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) ....................................................................................................... 85
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 3 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Executive Summary We initiate with a BUY with a 12 month price target of EUR 130. Our 12 month TP is
predicated on the realisation of USD 3bn cost saves on the SABMiller deal vs guidance USD
1.4bn. However, this report is more than just about cost cutting. We also consider the long
range outlook for the business. We believe the company can deliver on its Dream Incentive
Plan of USD 100bn revenues by 2022. If this internal stretch target is achieved, this would
value the shares at EUR 180-200 on our estimates through:
(1) Over-delivery on SABMiller cost cutting (USD 3.0bn vs guidance 1.4bn),
(2) Driving sustainable medium-term revenue growth (+6%)
(3) Further value accretive M&A (worth over 10% earnings).
Key analysis within this report:
Dream 2020 – justifying a EUR 180-200 share price if ABISAB reaches USD 100bn
revenues by 2022.
(1) Over delivery on SABMiller cost cutting – USD 3bn all-in synergy potential -
materially higher than current USD 1.4bn management guidance
Includes deep dive into ABI and SAB’s respective cost bases
Includes in-depth analysis of previous transactions – why the SAB transaction
looks more like Modelo (21.4% of target sales) than BUD (11.8%)
Phasing of synergy realisation – we estimate 50%, 75%, 90%, 100%.
Given our more aggressive cost savings targets we are 6% ahead of F17E
consensus and 9% ahead in FY18E.
(2) Driving sustainable med-term revenue growth (+6%) - top line revenue
growth is increasingly important metric for the group
Strong footprint – attractive market positions in large, scalable profit pools
Building the organic growth profile – an important focus, with 6% organic top
line potential
Sizing the value uplift from revenue synergies – worth an incremental EUR 3-6
per share (not in our numbers or the 2020 Dream Incentive Plan bridge)
Sizing the value uplift from increasing low alcohol mix – worth an incremental
EUR 3-19 per share (not in our numbers or the Dream Incentive Plan bridge)
(3) Further value accretive M&A (worth over 10% to earnings)
EPS accretion from minority buy-ins worth over 10% to earnings
SABMiller deal appraisal – weighing up the dilution from disposals (and capital
gains tax on MillerCoors) on the exit multiple for the SABMiller transaction;
earnings and returns analysis
Culture – the secret sauce
A mixture of Reckitt financial discipline with benefits of long term family
ownership, but where hard-nosed financial logic comes before sentiment
Potential entry point
We would acknowledge some “detail risk” on the SABMiller transaction which could offer
an entry point. However, we believe the longer-term arguments are sufficiently robust
that even as we get further clarity around loose ends such as capital gains tax payable on
MillerCoors and the combined group’s effective tax rate, ABI still warrants a Buy rating.
Valuation and risks
Company trades on a cal 2018 p/e 20.1x vs consumer staples average 19.8x. Given ABI’s
durable competitive advantages, visible returns profile, strong FCF generation we believe
the stock deserves to trade at a premium to the sector. Our EUR 130 price target implies
the stock trades on a 23x 2018 p/e, or a 15% premium to the staples average.
P. 5 to 9 for EUR 180-200 per
share analysis
P.10 to 27 for cost cutting
analysis. We are 6% ahead of
F17E consensus EPS and 9%
ahead of F18E
P. 28 to 46 for revenue analysis
P. 47 to 54 for M&A analysis
P. 62 to 64
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 4 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
2020 Dream Incentive Plan Under the 2020 Dream Incentive Plan, ABI will pay out a bonus pool of USD 350m to 65 of its
top managers if revenues reach an absolute net revenue target of USD 100bn between 2020-
2022. We would stress that the performance plan is an internal stretch target, not official
company guidance. The scheme excludes the brewer’s executive management board, the top
16 executives in the company. We believe that if the internal stretch target is achieved, this
would value the shares at EUR 180-200 on our estimates.
Further details on the incentive programme
A key way to influence behaviour at ABI is through compensation targets. For full details
of the plan refer to the SEC filing for the 2020 Dream Incentive Plan. What is interesting to
us includes:
Plan is administered by the Board of Directors – we believe this is a direct
reference to the close involvement of the Reference Shareholders in setting very
stretched group targets, with an emphasis on top line growth
Importance of aligning the next generation of leaders – under the
terms of the post-BUD incentive programme, 18m shares were awarded to the
top 40 executives. The exclusion of the existing top 16 executives ensures
alignment with a new generation of leaders who will be able to share in the
upside from the ABI investment case.
Performance test - will be determined as to whether ABI revenues equal at
least USD 100bn.
Observation date – each 31 December 2020, 2021 or 2022
Reconciling the USD 100bn
Per the WSJ 1 April 2016, “to reach its revenue goal AB InBev will have to either make
another big acquisition or crank up growth considerably”. We do not see the need for a
significant external acquisition; rather, the target can be delivered through med-term
organic revenue growth of 6%, tidying up of the existing associate positions with some
form of mean reversion on the currencies.
Bridge to USD 100bn
Starting point: we start with ABI 2017 revenues USD 44.5bn and SABMiller
USD 13bn.
Organic growth: based on c6% organic growth (or 5% reported after FX
devaluation), this adds a further USD 14.6bn to 2022E.
M&A: we calculate that the buyout of associate positions in Castel and Anadolu
(note neither will be proportionately consolidated under existing ABI reporting),
will provide a boost to revenues of a further USD 14.3bn.
FX tailwind: assuming some form of mean reversion (+10%) on emerging
market currencies – note, many of ABI and SAB currencies are trading at c.50%
of their 10-year peaks vs USD – could add a further USD 14.8bn.
For a detailed breakdown of the bridge, refer to Table 1.
USD 100bn revenue target is a
stretch but does not necessarily
require material acquisitions
outside of Castel and Anadolu
Mapping out the journey to
USD 100bn revenues
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 5 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Chart 1: Dream 2020: USD 100bn revenue bridge by 2022
Source: Jefferies estimates
EUR 100bn revenues – means a share price EUR 180 to 200
In Table 2, we create a synthetic income statement to 2022 which would point to EBITDA
of USD 46.4bn by 2022 and EPS USD 11.98. On our estimates, using both target EV to
EBITDA and P/E metrics, this would imply a share price of EUR 180 assuming sector
average multiples and approximately EUR 200 applying a 10% premium to consumer
staples, which we believe would be warranted.
Chart 2: Implied valuation in 2022E - €180 to €200 per share
Source: Jefferies estimates
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 6 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Table 1: Bridge to USD 100bn revenues
(USD m) 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E
ABI revenues (2015) 43,603 42,778 44,533 46,419 48,457 50,823 53,377 56,136
SAB subsidiary
revenues (ex-disposals)
11,909 12,271 12,976 13,517 14,085 14,682 15,310 15,969
Combined pro-
forma revenues
55,512 55,049 57,509 59,936 62,542 65,505 68,687 72,106
Organic growth 5.9% 5.9% 6.0% 6.4% 6.5% 6.6%
FX -1.5% -1.7% -1.7% -1.7% -1.6% -1.6%
Reported growth -0.8% 4.5% 4.2% 4.3% 4.7% 4.9% 5.0%
TARGET 100,000
GAP 27,894
Tidying up of
associate positions
Africa associate
EBIT 1,815
Less Delta - 40% stake -182
Less Distell - 27% stake -343
TOTAL - Castel (25%
stake)
1,291 1,381 1,478 1,581 1,692 1,810 1,937 2,073
Reported Growth 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7%
100% Castel 5,163 5,525 5,912 6,325 6,768 7,242 7,749 8,291
Anadolu Efes stake
(24%)
1,017 1,068 1,121 1,177 1,236 1,298 1,363 1,431
Reported Growth 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5%
100pc Anadolu Efes 4,238 4,449 4,672 4,905 5,151 5,408 5,679 5,963
Sub-total of associate
tidy-up
9,401 9,974 10,583 11,231 11,919 12,650 13,427 14,254
ABI - subtotal - core
+ associate buyout
64,913 65,023 68,092 71,167 74,461 78,156 82,114 86,360
Reported Growth 0.2% 4.7% 4.5% 4.6% 5.0% 5.1% 5.2%
TARGET 100,000
GAP 13,640
FX sensitivities
Assume no FX deval 5,311
Assume mean
strengthening +10%
9,469
Sub-total 101,140
Source: Jefferies estimates, Company data
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 7 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Deriving a synthetic income statement to 2022
In the below table, we show a synthetic income statement for ABI-SAB based on the
achievement of USD 100bn revenues as laid out above. To derive a synthetic EBITDA and
EPS and valuation of between 180 and 200 per share, see workings below:
1. Group EBIT and EBITDA. For illustrative purposes, we apply the group EBIT and
EBITDA margin to the widened group. Given the lack of integration of SAB’s
associate positions, we believe that this is not unreasonable whilst recognising
the different business mix (some soft drinks exposure) for both Castel and
Anadolu.
2. Financial items – assume incremental interest at 4.0% coupon on c.USD 37b
capital outlay. Assume tax rate in line with ABI-SAB group (23-24%). Associate
income and minority charge adjusted for buyout of Castel and Anadolu Efes.
Table 2: Synthetic income statement – ABISAB to 2022 on delivery of USD 100bn revenues
(USDm unless otherwise
given)
2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E
Existing ABI-SAB estimates 57,509 59,936 62,542 65,505 68,687 72,106
Acquisitions 10,583 11,231 11,919 12,650 13,427 14,254
Revenues 68,092 71,167 74,461 78,156 82,114 86,360
FX - tailwind (cumulative) 2.9% 5.7% 8.6% 11.4% 14.3% 17.1%
70,034 75,227 80,833 87,073 93,825 101,140
Existing group EBITDA
margin
41.4% 43.0% 44.1% 45.0% 45.4% 45.9%
Implied pro-forma
EBITDA
28,967 32,362 35,641 39,177 42,638 46,448
Depreciation and Amort 5,018 5,489 6,007 6,599 7,257 7,988
%age of sales 7.2% 7.3% 7.4% 7.6% 7.7% 7.9%
Implied pro-forma EBIT 23,949 26,872 29,634 32,577 35,381 38,461
EBIT margin 34.2% 35.7% 36.7% 37.4% 37.7% 38.0%
Existing Interest (3,556) (3,530) (3,334) (3,148) (2,945) (2,726)
Incremental Interest (4% on
USD 37bn acquisitions)
(1,480) (1,406) (1,336) (1,269) (1,205) (1,145)
Pro-forma interest (5,036) (4,936) (4,670) (4,416) (4,151) (3,872)
Pro-forma PBT 18,913 21,936 24,964 28,161 31,230 34,589
Tax (4,350) (5,045) (5,742) (6,759) (7,495) (8,301)
Tax rate 23.0% 23.0% 23.0% 24.0% 24.0% 24.0%
Pro-forma PAT 14,563 16,891 19,222 21,402 23,735 26,288
Associates 427 458 491 527 564 605
Adjusted for Castel and
Anadolu
(400) (428) (458) (490) (524) (561)
Associates (adjusted) 27 30 33 37 40 44
Minorities (1,882) (2,066) (2,270) (2,497) (2,748) (3,027)
Adjust for Castel minority 150 165 181 199 219 241
Minorities (adjusted) (1,732) (1,901) (2,089) (2,298) (2,529) (2,786)
Net income 12,859 15,019 17,166 19,141 21,246 23,546
NOSH (m) 1,966 1,966 1,966 1,966 1,966 1,966
EPS (USD) 6.54 7.64 8.73 9.74 10.81 11.98
Source: Jefferies estimates
If the company could achieve
revenues of USD 100bn by
2022, along with successful
margin expansion, we estimate
a share price of USD 180-200
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 8 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Target valuation – 10% premium to staples
To derive a target p/e and EV to EBITDA multiple for 2022, we take the average large cap
consumer staples multiples per Factset and roll them out to 2022E. This provides a target
p/e of 16.6x and EV to EBITDA 10.6x by 2022. Assuming that ABI could trade at a 10%
premium to the staples average would imply 2022 multiples of 18.3x p/e and 11.7x
EBITDA.
Table 3: Implied consumer staples multiples – sector average and 10% premium for ABI
2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E
EV to EBITDA 14.0 13.3 12.6 11.9 11.2 10.6
P/E 22.0 20.8 19.7 18.6 17.6 16.6
10% premium
EV to EBITDA 15.4 14.6 13.8 13.1 12.4 11.7
P/E 24.2 22.9 21.6 20.5 19.3 18.3
Source: Jefferies estimates, Factset (31 Aug-16)
Would imply a share price of USD 180-200, our Upside Scenario
On achievement of the USD 100bn revenue target, we believe the company could
generate EBITDA of USD 46.5bn and EPS of USD 11.98. Applying the implied consumer
staples average EBITDA multiple of 10.6x and 16.6x would generated a share price of EUR
180. Applying a 10% premium of ABI relative to the staples average, would imply a share
price closer to USD 200.
Table 4: Implied valuation in 2022E
(USDm unless otherwise given) Sector
average
10%
premium
2022 EBITDA 46,448 46,448
Implied enterprise value - 10.6x multiple 493,706 543,076
Implied debt (107,589) (107,589)
Implied equity value 386,116 435,487
NOSH 1,966 1,966
Value per share – USD 196 222
Value per share - EUR 179 201
EPS valuation
2022 EPS 11.98 11.98
Implied p/e - 16.6x 16.6 18.3
Value per share USD 199 219
Value per share - EUR 181 199
Source: Jefferies estimates
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 9 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
(1) Over-delivery on SABMiller cost
cutting We estimate an all-in cost synergy target of USD 3.0bn vs the current target USD 1.4bn. Key
analysis includes a deep-dive into ABI and SABMiller’s respective cost bases and an in-depth
analysis of the Modelo and Anheuser transactions.
We see a strong integration team with significant experience. Whilst we believe that there has
been some sharing of data between the ABI and SABMiller in a clean room, there are some
functions within the combined group where we think it has not been possible to advance
integration planning given regulatory restrictions. Therefore, whilst we expect a strong start to
synergy capture, the timing of an upgrade to cost savings could be delayed until there is
better visibility on SABMiller’s full financials.
The SABMiller transaction provides strong earnings visibility…
Given the mixed outlook for global growth, we believe that top-line recovery across
consumer staples, to pre-crisis levels, is unlikely to occur in the near term. However, ABI’s
strong track record on integration and synergy realisation provides confidence on delivery
on the SABMiller transaction. This provides an earnings bridge to navigate through the
current period of macro volatility.
...with earnings momentum from over-delivery
ABI has typically guided conservatively on cost savings, having under promised and over-
delivered historically. We believe that there is upside risk to the current USD 1.4bn cost
cutting synergy target, which offers scope for earnings momentum. We estimate that an
all-in synergy figure of over USD 3bn is achievable. We estimate that every USD 200m of
over-deliver is worth approximately 1% to earnings.
Timing on potential synergy upgrade – at the earliest March 2017…
We would highlight that the cost cutting guidance on the Anheuser transaction was
upgraded with F09 results in March 2009, following deal completion 18 November 2008
– i.e. four months into the transaction. Based on this precedent, this would suggest that
the very earliest that an announcement upgrading the synergy target would be F16
results on 2 March 2017.
….but different circumstances, therefore upgrade to cost savings may take
time to become visible
Whilst there are some similarities between the ABI and SABMiller transactions, we believe
that timing on synergy upgrades could come through later. This reflects:
Time to study ABI – in 2005, InBev agreed to Anheuser becoming its US
distributor for import beers (e.g., Stella Artois, Becks); this allowed InBev to
'get inside' Anheuser to do initial due diligence, and we believe this was an
important stepping stone towards the bid in 2008 that InBev made for
Anheuser. Unlike the BUD deal, ABI has not had the luxury of three years of
studying SABMiller’s largest markets.
Clean room – the USD 1.4bn cost savings target was initially set without
significant access to SABMiller’s books. With the benefits of a clean room, we
believe the ABI deal team, led by David Almeida, has managed to further
develop its plans for integrating the combined business following completion.
However, there are some functions within the combined group that have not
been made available to the ABI integration team.
Size of the “inflight cost cutting programmes”. Anheuser’s Blue Ocean
cost savings represented approximately USD 1.1bn of the initial USD 1.5bn
target. Here, the residual business capability programme has c.USD 0.5bn to run
We estimate that every USD
200m of synergies is worth
c.1% to earnings
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relative to the initial cost cutting target of at least USD 1.4bn (combined total
USD 1.9bn).
Stronger balance sheet – the AB transaction pushed net debt to EBITDA well
over 5x at the peak of the financial crisis, which resulted in management highly
incentivised to delever. The SABMiller transaction pushes ABI net debt to EBITDA
to c.4x given both the smaller relative size of the SABMiller transaction and also
the issue of equity. Therefore, we expect a more balanced approach to growth
and value creation, as opposed to just deleveraging.
Cost savings of USD 1.4bn – looks conservative
Brewers have tended to generate cost savings of 6-8% as a percentage of sales. ABI’s
range has been 12-21%. After adjusting for disposals of the European assets to Asahi and
private equity (to be completed), the cost savings target of USD 1.4bn would imply
generating 10.4% of target subsidiary revenues, which is below previous deals 12-21%.
Table 5: Cost savings as a percentage of target revenue – recent beer deals
Year Currency Acquirer Target Target
Revenue
Initial cost
synergies
announced
Achieved cost
synergies
/updated
target
Synergies % of
target revenue
2004 EUR Interbrew Ambev 2,400 280 11.7%
2005 USD SABMiller Bavaria 1,900 120 6.3%
2008 USD InBev Anheuser Busch 18,988 1,500 2,250 11.8%
2009 EUR Heineken FEMSA 2,465 150 198 8.0%
2011 USD SABMIller Fosters 2,369 150 162 6.8%
2013 USD ABI Modelo 4,669 600 1,000 21.4%
Average 11.0%
2015 USD ABI SABMiller 16,534 1,400 8.5%
2015 USD ABI SAB post
disposal
13,359 1,400 10.4%
Source: Jefferies estimates
All in target of USD 3bn
We estimate an all-in cost cutting opportunity at SABMiller of USD 3bn. This incorporates
an upgrade to the synergy target from USD 1.4bn to USD 2.5bn, with an additional USD
0.5bn from the legacy, “in-flight” cost savings programme announced by SABMiller on 9
October as part of the bid defence. This is incorporated into our modelling.
Synergy realisation could come through quickly
The company has not guided on phasing of the cost synergies associated with the
SABMiller transaction. Based on the phasing for the Anheuser-Busch (2008) and Grupo
Modelo transactions (2012), we would expect phasing of 50%, 75%, 90%, 100% over the
four years (2017-2020) after completion of the transaction.
Table 6: Phasing of synergies – AB, Modelo and SAB
Initial
target
Yr 1 Yr 2 Yr 3 Yr 4
Anheuser-Busch (2008-11) 1,500 250 1,360 1,980 2,250
% of updated target 11% 60% 88% 100%
Modelo (2012-15) 600 460 730 940 1,000
% of updated target 46% 73% 94% 100%
SABMiller 1,400 1,500 2,250 2,700 3,000
50% 75% 90% 100%
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data. Note the first full year for the BUD deal (2009) is shown as year 2 in above table
We have USD 3bn of cost
savings in our model
P.22 to 26 of this report
considers the USD 3bn target in
light of the previous BUD and
Modelo transaction
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Reconciliation of a USD 3bn all-in synergy target A summary guide to our USD 3bn cost savings estimate
Initial target USD 1.4bn – management have guided to a figure of “at least”
USD 1.4bn for SABMiller’s subsidiary business by year four following completion of
the transaction. This is incremental to SABMiller’s existing cost savings programmes.
Based on the cost savings description, we think that approximately half of the cost
savings relate to COGS items and half to OPEX items
Opex benchmarking USD 1.4bn – working on the assumption that half of the
initial target is attributable to COGS and half to OPEX, a USD 700m reduction in
SABMiller opex pushes opex as a %age of sales from 36.5% to 32.2%.
Benchmarking to ABI’s opex as a percentage of sales drives an incremental USD
700m. Benchmarking to those regions where ABI’s opex is lowest (Latam 22.6%,
N.America 22.6%, Latam South 23.8%) drives an incremental opportunity of USD
1.5bn. We then reduce this total by 0.1bn given that retrenchments will not be
possible in South Africa for five years as part of the regulatory approval process.
Inflight USD 0.5 – the residual in-flight SABMiller savings is a separate bucket
from the initial USD 1.4bn target. Per SABMiller’s description, 70% of the additional
savings arise from procurement and 30% from manufacturing and distribution. We
assume that these are COGS not OPEX items. Therefore, we believe this is NOT
double counting with either the initial USD 1.4bn target or our identified USD 1.4bn
from opex benchmarking.
Less: USD 0.3bn – our estimate of the “lost” synergies given Europe subsidiary
disposal. Note the sale of China and the US were treated as associates and JVs
therefore did not form part of the initial USD 1.4bn cost savings programme.
Chart 3: ABI synergy - upside to USD 1.4bn target
1,400
1,400
500 (300)
3,000
Initial Target Opex Inflight Europe disposal Upgraded Target
Source: Jefferies estimates
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What has been reported? ABI has guided for incremental pre-tax cost synergies of at least USD 1.4bn by year four
following completion of the transaction. We would highlight that on the deal
announcement conference call 11 November 2015, CEO Brito indicated that the
opportunity is “at least” USD 1.4bn. This equates to c8.5% of F15A subsidiary revenues.
Note that this is incremental to the USD 1.05bn identified by SABMiller on 9 October 2015
as part of the company’s bid defence, (with USD 547m delivered by F16).
Where are the existing USD 1.4bn cost savings going to fall?
The company has indicated that cost synergies will be split as follows:
Chart 4: USD 1.4bn synergy programme - split by bucket
Source: Jefferies estimates.
The company has not specifically split out where in the income statement each bucket
will fall, however based on the descriptions of each bucket, we believe that the
procurement & engineering and brewery & distribution buckets would fall within COGS,
whilst best practice and corporate overheads would fall within OPEX. There is some
chance that some of the procurement savings fall outside of COGS, however equally there
is some chance that best practices fall within COGS. See a further description in the table
below.
Table 7: Breakdown of USD 1.4bn synergies
Cost bucket Value (USDm) Proportion of
synergy target
Description Jefferies comment
procurement &
engineering
350 25% Combined sourcing of raw
materials and packaging.
Some re-engineering of
associated processes
We assume that these cost savings would largely
fall within the COGS line. Impact on SABMiller
subsidiary gross margin = 210bps.
brewery & distribution
efficiencies
350 25% Alignment of brewery,
bottling, and shipping
productivity initiatives
Optimising other brewery
processes across the
combined geographies.
We assume that this would largely fall within the
COGS line. Impact on SABMiller subsidiary gross
margin 210bps.
best practice sharing 280 20% Cost management
efficiencies and productivity
enhancements across the
group's administrative
operations.
We assume that this would largely fall within
operating expenses. Impact on SABMiller EBIT
margins = 170bps.
corporate and overlapping
regional headquarters
420 30% Corporate overheads include
two offices in the UK and
hub offices across the group
We assume that this would largely fall within
operating expenses. Impact on SABMiller EBIT
margins = 250bps
TOTAL 1400 100%
Source: Company Data, Jefferies research. Note, on a company conference call 30 August 2016 the company increased the weighting to procurement and engineering (from 20-25%) and decreased the weighting to corporate and overlapping regional headquarters (from 35-30%)
Initial target “at least” USD
1.4bn
We assume 50% of the savings
fall in COGS and 50% in OPEX
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But, isn’t SABMiller already quite efficient?
It is true that SABMiller’s starting EBIT margin is relatively high compared to other brewing
peers Carlsberg and Heineken. We show below the EBIT margin for SABMiller’s subsidiary
business, on which the USD 1.4bn is based on.
Chart 5: SABMiller EBIT margins - vs peer group (2015)
Source: Company Data, Jefferies research (SABMiller 31 March FY16 year end)
Why is SABMiller more profitable than Heineken/Carlsberg?
The key drivers of higher profitability vs peers include:
a. Geographic mix – SABMiller has strong exposure to geographies with strong market
shares (94% of lager volumes from markets with #1 or #2 positions). Whereas Heineken
and Carlsberg have high exposures to Europe, where profitability is lower and also pulled
down by a low margin wholesaling business.
b. “Chasing pennies down the hall” – at the core of SABMiller’s DNA is a
management team that grew up running emerging markets businesses in Africa and
“chasing pennies down the hall”; therefore, operationally SABMiller is a lean, well-oiled
machine, albeit one that has a decentralised structure.
c. Decentralised business model – following a rapid period of industry consolidation
during the 1990s and 2000s, SABMiller traditionally was run as a highly decentralised
business, with fragmented IT and back-office systems. Whilst we would not disagree that
a decentralised business argues against a huge head office cost, in reality the decentralised
nature placed significant local autonomy over business functions – i.e. each operating
company had infrastructure including finance, HR, IT, legal etc. This structure suited
SABMiller, with local operators empowered to pursue the growth opportunity and make
quick decisions at a local level.
However, centralisation programme only just getting started at SABMiller…
With its interim results in November 2009, SABMiller announced the launch of “a major
business capability programme to simplify processes, reduce costs and allow local
management teams to enhance focus on their markets”. By F14, the company has achieved
cumulated savings of USD 496m per annum.
…and bid defence tried to capture some of the saving
As part of SABMiller’s bid defence 9 October, SABMiller upgraded its existing cost-cutting
programme from USD 0.5bn to at least USD 1.05bn with incremental savings of at least
USD 550m, extending the programme from F18 to F20. However, we would see this
journey towards centralisation as just getting started in earnest. Further, it is possible that
whilst the investment in systems infrastructure at SABMiller has been made (and the costs
associated with this investment are embedded in SABMiller’s i/s) the benefits have yet to
be realised.
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ABI and the ZBB culture
ABI operates a very different model to SABMiller and many other CPG companies. The
company is fixated on measuring, benchmarking, “opening gaps” and performance
management and applies very strict financial discipline on costs. An integral part of the
success of ZBB is the ownership mindset at ABI - senior management at ABI are heavily
incentivised to deliver. We believe that for ZBB to be effective it needs to be embraced by
top executives and, critically, a firm’s variable compensation structure needs to reflect it.
Key tenets of ABI’s approach to costs include:
a. Transparency:
The ability to identify what the company is spending. Data transparency enables ABI to
dig into a line item and challenge it regularly, both on price (cost per unit) and
consumption (how many units are consumed). This is particularly relevant when focusing
on the non-working money side (i.e., what the consumer does not see). SABMiller’s IT
systems have been standardised through the implementation of global information
systems as part of the original BCP programme in F10-14; however, we believe ABI has
best-in-class data transparency.
b. Specialists in local/global levels
ABI has specialists for certain line items (e.g., lease and rental) to drive benchmarking
across the business. This then enables the line-item specialists to challenge other regions,
and everything is ‘up for grabs’. Certain functions, such as procurement, have been
centralised, and although a process of rigorous benchmarking between regions has been
established at SABMiller, there is still a reasonable degree of autonomy at the regional
level.
c. Working money vs non-working money
With strong data transparency and specialists at local and global levels on each expense
line item, ABI is able to categorise expenses between working money and non-working
money. Working money is defined as having a “direct impact on sales volumes or
revenues”, with non-working money incurred “independently from sales volumes or
revenues and without immediate benefit to customers and consumers”
In the analysis below, we show ABI’s N.American income statement on acquisition (2008)
and after the realisation of synergies (2011) and the conversion of non-working money
into working money.
p. 22 to 23 considers the
Anheuser cost cutting case-
study and the conversion of
non-working money into
working money
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Drill-down into each cost bucket As shown in chart 3 above, we believe that a USD 3bn cost cutting programme is feasible.
This is comprised of:
USD 1.4bn existing cost savings target
USD 1.4bn from benchmarking of opex
USD 0.5 in-flight SABMiller savings
Less: USD 0.3bn associated with the Europe disposals
USD 1.4bn – from benchmarking opex
Analysis of SABMiller’s income statement – points to upside
The level of disclosure at SABMiller, historically, had been poor relative to ABI. ABI
provides detailed disclosure by division through to normalised operating profit; SABMiller
provides margins by division which includes both the subsidiary and associate/JV
business, however at a consolidated level disclosure is based on the subsidiary business
only.
ABI’s debt filing on 22 December 2015 offered better disclosure of SABMiller’s key
expense line items, for the subsidiary business, on the same basis as ABI. This included
splitting operating costs by function rather than nature. Given that the company has not
published disclosures for F16, on the same basis as ABI’s income statement, our analysis is
restricted to 2014 / F15.
ABI’s debt filing in December
2015 offered insights into
SABMiller’s P&L with the costs
split by function rather than
nature
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Table 8: Income statement drill-down – ABI vs SAB
USDm ABI (FY14) SAB (FY15)
USDm USDm
Volume (m hl) 459 175
Revenue 47,063 16,534
Cost of sales (18,756) (6,051)
Gross profit 28,307 10,483
Gross profit margin 60.1% 63.4%
Distribution expenses (4,558) (1,623)
Sales & marketing expenses (7,036) (2,495)
Admin expenses (2,791) (2,104)
Other operating income/expense 1,386 193
Total Opex (12,999) (6,029)
Noramlised EBIT 15,308 4,454
Normalised EBIT margin 32.5% 26.9%
Exceptional items (197) (75)
Reported EBIT 15,111 4,379
Reported EBIT margin 32.1% 26.5%
Key metrics as % sales
COGS 39.9% 36.6%
Gross profit 60.1% 63.4%
Distribution expenses 9.7% 9.8%
Sales & marketing 15.0% 15.1%
Admin expenses 5.9% 12.7%
Opex 27.6% 36.5%
Normalised EBIT 32.5% 26.9%
Source: Jefferies, company data
Note:
1. Gross profit: SABMiller’s subsidiary has a GM 63.4% vs ABI 60.1%. ABI expects 25%
of the USD 1.4bn cost savings to come from procurement and engineering and another
25% from brewery and distribution efficiencies. With these costs largely falling within
COGS, it is worth c4.2% to SAB gross margins (1% to pro-forma group gross margins).
2. Opex as %age: operating expenses as a %age of sales for SABMiller is 36.5% vs ABI’s
27.6%. Note that Distribution (c10%) and S&M expenses (c15%) as a percentage of sales
are broadly equal for ABI and SAB. Admin expenses, however, at SABMiller are
significantly higher at 12.7% vs ABI's 5.9%. Although SABMiller has undergone a process
of centralisation since 2009, the company’s historical decentralised operating model has
led to high levels of admin expenses with each operating unit having a high degree of
autonomy (with costs to match this) and a network of regional hub offices.
OPEX benchmarking
We show three scenarios in Table 9 below
Scenario 1 – if we apply half of the initial USD 1.4bn cost savings programme (i.e. 25%
for best practice sharing, 25% for corporate and overlapping regional headquarters) then
SABMiller OPEX as a percentage of sales falls from 36.5% to 32.2%
Scenario 2 – if we benchmark SABMiller OPEX as a %age of sales to ABI’s group OPEX as
a %age of sales, then OPEX falls to 27.6% of sales. This is worth in aggregate USD 1.4bn
or an incremental USD 700m to the initial target.
Scenario 3 – if we benchmark SABMiller OPEX as a %age of sales to ABI’s best in class
regions (Latam and USA at 23%), then this is worth in aggregate USD 2.2bn or an
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incremental USD 1.5bn. This is reduced by USD 0.1bn given that retrenchments will not
be possible in South Africa for five years as part of the regulatory approval process.
Details on Scenario 3: benchmarking to Latam North levels of opex
An analysis of ABI’s opex as a %age of sales shows some wide differences between
regions.
Chart 6: ABI - opex as a % of sales (2014)
27.6%
22.6%
31.5%
22.6%23.8%
38.6% 39.1%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
Group N.America Mexico Latam North Latam South Europe Asia Pac
Source: Company Data, Jefferies research
ABI’s group opex as a percentage of sales is comprised of a number of markets that are
arguably not an appropriate benchmark for SABMiller’s subsidiary business given
disposals of Europe and the non-inclusion of the disposals of associate businesses in the
US and China.
More appropriate to benchmark vs Latam North and South
If one was to benchmark ABI’s African and Latam businesses – businesses that arguably
have more in common with Latam North and Latam South, ie very strong market shares –
this would imply that opex as a %age of sales could fall to as low as 23% vs the ABI group
average 27.6%. This could imply in total a 1350bps reduction in opex as a percentage of
sales (total USD 2.2bn) or an incremental USD 1.5bn over and above the existing USD
1.4bn cost cutting target, per our allocation.
Table 9: Opex benchmarking analysis
USD m ABI (F14) SAB (F15) Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3
Revenue 47,063 16,534 16,534 16,534 16,534
Cost of sales (18,756) (6,051) (5,351) (5,351) (5,351)
Gross profit 28,307 10,483 11,183 11,183 11,183
Total opex (12,999) (6,029) (5,329) (4,567) (3,803)
Normalised EBIT 15,308 4,454 5,854 6,616 7,380
Opex as a %age of sales 27.6% 36.5% 32.2% 27.6% 23.0%
Opex reduction 423bps 884bps 1346bps
Cost savings at COGS line 700 700 700
Cost savings at OPEX line 700 1,462 2,226
Total cost savings 1,400 2,162 2,926
Incremental cost saving vs USD 1.4bn 762 1,526
Source: Jefferies estimates
Adjustment for Africa – USD 0.1bn
As part of the conditions set out by the South African Competition Tribunal in its approval
of the Transaction, we would highlight:
The company is prohibited from undertaking involuntary retrenchments related
to the transaction in South Africa.
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The company has committed to maintaining its total permanent employment
levels in the beer and cider business in South Africa as at the date of Completion,
for a period of five years.
The company may seek to implement changes to the reporting lines and roles
of, and work undertaken by, certain employees in South Africa following
Completion.
Given some of the protections to the cost structure in South Africa, we estimate that the
company will not be able to cut as deeply as initially expected in South Africa.
Therefore, we adjust our total incremental cost savings estimate from Opex
benchmarking by USD 0.1bn from USD 1.5bn to USD 1.4bn. This is broadly in lie
with the reduction in corporate HQ / overlapping regional HQs bucket as per the
presentation 30 August, 2016 (35% to 30% or worth USD 70m)
USD 0.5bn – in-flight cost savings On 9 October, as part of SABMiller’s bid defence, SABMiller upgraded its internal cost-
cutting programme from USD 0.5bn to at least USD 1.05bn. With F16 results the
company delivered US 547m which would imply an incremental cost cutting opportunity
of USD 503m beyond F16 attributable to SAB’s in-flight cost savings opportunity.
We would assume that SABMiller is on-track to harvest these savings and that they are
included as part of the total cost savings number. We address below the two key
questions relating to this bucket of cost savings.
1. To what extent is the initial cost cutting target of USD 1.4bn incremental to
the in-flight savings programme?
ABI has indicated that its USD 1.4bn cost synergy target is incremental to the SABMiller in-
flight cost-savings target. On the transaction conference call November 2015, ABI
indicated that it “estimate(s) incremental recurring run rate pre-tax cost synergies of at
least USD 1.4bn pa, in addition to the USD 1.05bn cost savings identified by SABMiller
in their presentation on 9 October 2015”. Therefore, we do not believe that there is a risk
of double-counting relative to the initial USD 1.4bn cost savings bucket.
2. What is the risk of double counting the cost cutting programme with our
flexed opex cost savings number of USD 1.4bn?
SABMiller has indicated that c70% of the additional savings from the USD 0.5bn in flight
programme will arise from procurement and 30% from manufacturing and distribution.
The key drivers of the higher cost savings include increased spend under central
management and further efficiencies in manufacturing. This would suggest that whilst
this cost cutting programme does not exclusively relate to cost of goods, we believe that a
large proportion does not relate to operating expenses, an ABI core competency and the
source of our upside. Therefore, we believe that the USD 1.4bn identified in our flexed
opex benchmarking and the incremental inflight savings (USD 0.5bn) are distinct
opportunities.
Adjusting for protections in
South Africa, we see an
incremental Opex benefit of
USD 1.4bn not USD 1.5bn
In-flight savings of USD 500m
are a separate bucket from the
initial 1.4bn savings target
In-flight savings of USD 500m
fall within the COGS bucket, we
believe, therefore separate
from our USD 1.4bn OPEX
opportunity
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Disposals – quantifying the impact on the synergy opportunity The cost cutting analysis above is based on F15 SABMiller subsidiary financials and
therefore does not take into consideration the disposal programme of SABMiller
subsidiaries that ABI has carried out / continues to carry out as part of the transaction. We
believe that the dilution to the synergy opportunity is worth approximately USD 300m,
based on the inability to fully tap savings on the European division.
1. Disposals of USA and China – not part of the original synergy programme
On 11 November 2015, the company announced the disposal of SABMiller’s 58%
economic interest in the MillerCoors JV for USD 12bn. On 2 March 2016, ABI entered into
an agreement to sell SABMiller’s 49% interest in China Resources Snow Breweries to
China Resources Beer (Holdings) Co. Ltd for USD 1.6bn. Note that the USD 1.4bn cost
cutting target, and the analysis above on the USD 3bn cost savings opportunity, has been
carried out based on SABMiller’s subsidiary business, not the associate/JV parts of the
business.
2. Disposals of European subsidiaries – need to account for this
Given regulatory considerations, ABI will dispose of the European subsidiary business, ex-
the Canary Islands, as part of the acquisition of SABMiller. There are two tranches in the
disposals process:
On 10 February 2016, ABI received a binding offer from Asahi to acquire the
Peroni, Grolsch and Meantime brands (and associated businesses in Italy, the
Netherlands, the UK and internationally), subject to successful closing of the
acquisition of SABMiller by ABI. The total consideration is EUR 2.55bn or USD
2.9bn.
ABI, per press release 24 May 2016, has also proposed the sale of SABMiller’s
businesses in Central and Eastern Europe (Hungary, Romania, Czech Republic,
Slovakia and Poland). This encompasses the remainder of SAB’s subsidiary
business, with the exception of the Canary Islands. The Central and Eastern
European businesses can be sold to one or two purchasers and can be
completed after closing of AB InBev’s proposed combination with SABMiller.
Quantifying the “lost” synergy opportunity
The synergy calculations in our above analysis (total USD 3.3bn) are based on the
inclusion of the European subsidiary.
SABMiller’s European subsidiary: not strategic for ABI
We believe that the ability to drive very high margins in Europe is limited given the market
structure, absence of scale and tough retail landscape. We would highlight that ABI sold
its CE European business in 2009 to CVC, including Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Czech Republic, Hungary, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia and Slovakia therefore the region
is of less strategic importance to ABI compared to Africa or the Americas.
Europe: has been at the forefront of SABMiller cost cutting
Europe has borne the brunt of the cost cutting at SABMiller over the past few years and
arguably it is furthest down the path of centralisation. Therefore, we would argue that an
appropriate way to benchmark these markets is relative to ABI’s existing European
business, which are lean.
ABI reported an F15 EBIT margin in Europe of 18.6% vs SABMiller’s 15.4%. However, it is
necessary to sanitise both numbers:
ABI margin is brought down by the consolidation of CE Europe (Russia and
Ukraine). In 2012, the former CE European business (post the sale of operations
We estimate the sale of the
European subsidiaries leads to
“lost” synergy opportunity of
USD 300m potential cost
savings
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Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
to Starbev) generated a margin of 4% with revenues 1.7bn and EBIT 62m. Since
then, revenues have been negatively impacted by weak currencies, adverse
macro/political/regulatory factors and we estimate that revenues have fallen to
USD 1bn, with margins protected through cost cutting such as brewery closures
(four closed between 2012-14).
SABMiller’s Russian and Ukrainian business is captured within the 24% stake in
Anadolu Efes. Therefore, ABI’s Western European business carries a margin
closer to 24%, we believe.
Therefore, whilst there is a margin gap on paper of 320bps, this gap could extend to close
to 550bps we believe.
Table 10: Europe margin gap analysis – ABI vs SABMiller
USD m ABI W.Eur
- estimated
ABI E.Eur
- estimated
ABI Europe
- total
SABMiller
- subsidiary
SABMiller
- associate
SABMiller
- total
Revenue 3,009 1,003 4,012 2,815 1,017 3,832
EBIT 711 37 748 511 78 589
EBIT margin 23.6% 3.7% 18.6% 18.2% 7.7% 15.4%
Margin gap 5.5%
Synergy opportunity 154
Source: Company Data, Jefferies estimates
Assume USD 300m synergies that are not captured
Table 10 above would indicate that approximately USD 150m of synergies are not
accessible given the sale of the European subsidiary, based on benchmarking SABMiller’s
subsidiary business to ABI. In reality, we believe that ABI would cut deeper and therefore
we believe that the total amount that ABI is not able to capture, given the disposal of the
European subsidiary, is closer to 10% of sales or USD 300m.
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ABI synergies – two case studies We analyse below in detail two case studies – the US and Mexico – to ascertain which is the
better benchmark for SABMiller when considering cost savings as a proportion of sales. In
summary, we believe that Mexico (cost savings 21.4% of sales) is a better proxy than
N.America (13.1% of sales) given the absence of negative operating leverage. In our analysis
of non-working money and working money for Anheuser, we believe that the opportunity in
the US was likely closer to 20% of sales, rather than 13%, however negative operating
leverage held back stronger margin expansion. This provides a sense-check against our USD
3bn cost cutting programme which represents 18% of subsidiary sales.
Case study – ABI’s cost cutting in N.America Between 2008-2011, ABI drove considerable cost savings out of the US business of
Anheuser Busch. Cost savings as a percentage of revenues was 13%. EBIT per hl in the
division increased by 70%. Note, that 90% of the N.America division is the US, therefore
the overall divisional movement largely reflects the changes to the US business (Canada is
10%).
Table 11: ABI N.America cost structure (2008-11)
USD m 2008 2011 Change %age movement
Volumes (m hl) 140.6 124.9 -11.1%
Revenues 15,571 15,304 -1.7%
COGS (7,948) (6,726) -15.4%
Gross profit 7,623 8,578 12.5%
Gross margin 49.0% 56.1% 7.1%
OPEX (3,854) (2,868) -25.6%
EBIT 3,769 5,710 51.5%
EBIT margin 24.2% 37.3% 13.1%
COGS as %age of sales -51.0% -43.9% 7.1%
OPEX as %age of sales -24.8% -18.7% 6.0%
TOTAL costs -75.8% -62.7% 13.1%
Revenue per hl 110.8 122.5 10.6%
COGS per hl 56.5 53.9 -4.8%
OPEX per hl 27.4 23.0 -16.3%
EBIT per hl 26.8 45.7 70.5%
Source: Company data, Jefferies research
Key observations
1. Growth in profitability despite the negative operating leverage
Volumes declined 11% during the period whereas EBIT grew by over 50%. Given the high
fixed cost base of beer (typically one percent movement in volumes can equal a 3%
movement in EBIT), it is remarkable that ABI still managed to achieve such a high increase
in profits. We would acknowledge some help from strong pricing, with revenue per hl
growth of 10.6% between 2008-11.
2. Identifying the addressable cost base
At SABMiller, while local management is known for being very cost conscious, we believe
that there is scope for a more aggressive approach to prioritising working vs non-working
money, a core ABI competency.
We assume in the analysis below of ABI’s N.America division total cost base (75.8% of
sales) on acquisition, approximately a 40% of COGS is fixed and 60% remainder variable.
This is in line with Carlsberg’s disclosure below splitting out COGS between raw
materials, personnel expenses and other COGS.
Here we compare our USD 3bn
cost savings target (or 18% of
SABMiller sales) to the Mexican
transaction (21% of sales) and
N.America (13%)
US example
Our conclusion is that in the
absence of negative operating
leverage, the cost savings
opportunity in the US would
have amounted to c.18% of
sales with the shift from
working to non-working money
Mexican example
Given the absence of a three
tier system in Mexico, ABI
cranked up gross margins by
1300bps which was the key
contributor to the 2000bps
margin expansion in Mexico.
Latam and Africa have more in
common with Mexico in terms
of route to market given the
absence of a three tier system
EBIT per hl increased 70% but
EBIT increased by ‘only’ 50%
The total AB N.America cost
base was 76% of sales. We
estimate an addressable cost
base of 55%, once fixed costs in
COGS have been stripped out
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Table 12: Carlsberg split of COGS
DKK m F14 F15
Raw materials 18,100 17,558
Personnel expenses included in COGS 1,412 1,469
Other – fixed 13,213 14,402
TOTAL 32,725 33,429
COGS breakdown
Raw materials 55.3% 52.5%
Personnel expenses included in COGS 4.3% 4.4%
Other – fixed 40.4% 43.1%
TOTAL 100.0% 100.0%
Source: Company data, Jefferies research
As ABI did not close any breweries in N.America post the acquisition of Anheuser Busch,
we believe that it is fair to assume that approximately 60% of COGS is addressable and
40% fixed. Therefore, the addressable cost base in ABI’s N.America business is
approximately 55% of sales (i.e. total cost base 75.8% less 40% of COGS, which is 51%).
3. Shift in non-working money to working money
We estimate that when InBev acquired AB in 2008 approximately 60% of the addressable
cost base was in non-working money and 40% in working money. By moving this to 40%
non-working money and 60% working money, this resulted in significant savings worth
as much as 18.5% of sales. This is a larger number than the 13.1% of sales that was
generated in N.America.
Sense check: As a sense check to this maths, N.America EBIT increased by 50% from USD
3.7bn to 5.7bn between 2008-11. Had N.America EBIT increased in-line with EBIT per hl
(+70%), then EBIT would have increased from by USD 2.6bn or 17% of sales. This is
broadly in line with the 18.5% as per the calculation above.
Note that this analysis includes both Canada (c.10% of N.America division profits) and
stronger savings were likely held back by negative operating leverage – volumes declined
11% between 2008-2011.
Table 13: ABI N.America- - shift from non-working to working money worth
18.5% of sales
Total cost base 75.8%
Assume 40% COGS are fixed 20.4%
Addressable cost base 55.4%
Pre-synergies 2008
60% non-working 33.2%
40% working 22.2%
TOTAL 55.4%
Post synergies: 2011
40% non-working 14.8%
60% working 22.2%
TOTAL 36.9%
Difference 18.5%
Source: Company data, Jefferies research
Therefore, we would conclude that the cost cutting opportunity in N.America was greater
than the 13% that was ultimately achieved, given the impact from negative operating
leverage. It is promising that volumes in the SABMiller subsidiary business – in particular
Latam and Africa – showed strong momentum into F16 with Latam lager volumes +6%
and Africa subsidiary +8%.
We estimate that the cost
savings opportunity in the US
would have been around 18%
of sales, in the absence of
negative operating leverage
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Case study – ABI’s cost cutting in Mexico With the acquisition of Grupo Modelo in 2013, the company committed to cost savings of
USD 1bn. As at the end of 2015, it has delivered most of these benefits (USD 940m). We
would argue that SABMiller’s cost cutting programme (our estimate of USD 3bn or 18%
of sales) has more in common with the Mexican cost cutting programme (over 20% of
sales) given (a) a more similar route to market (which offers higher COGS savings) vs the
US, and (b) volume growth in the underlying markets vs negative operating leverage in
the US.
Mexican example: significant margin expansion from squeezing COGS
The table below shows that, of the 2,000bp increase in EBIT margins in Mexico
between 2012-15, squeezing of COGS accounts for 1,300bp (gross margin
improvement from 61% to 74%). The key buckets include combined purchasing
opportunities, sharing of best practices, efficiencies in overheads and system
platform costs.
Table 14: Mexico – income statement analysis (2012-15)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
Table 15: N.America– income statement analysis (2008-11)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
High proportion of own-distribution in Mexico
Gross margin expansion in Mexico has been impressive, in particular around costs of sales
and overheads. ABI has a high proportion of owned distribution in Mexico (c85%) and the
proportion of owned distribution in SABMiller’s Latam business (c.70%) is also high.
Cost savings not eroded away by negative operating leverage
Organic beer volumes grew +1.6% in 2014 and +7.3% in 2015. Within this context, cost
savings were not eroded away by negative operating leverage.
3-tier system
Unlike the US, there is no 3-tier system in Mexico. This partly explains why the cost
savings opportunity in Mexico at COGS was significantly greater than that in the US,
where there are greater restrictions on recalibrating gross margins.
Mexico 2012 2013 2014 2015
Volume (m hl) 20,038 22,366 38,800 41,629
Revenue 2,616 2,769 4,619 3,951
Cost of sales (1,014) (869) (1,374) (1,034)
Gross profit 1,603 1,900 3,245 2,917
Gross profit margin 61.3% 68.6% 70.3% 73.8%
Distribution expenses (270) (232) (453) (403)
Sales & marketing expenses (515) (484) (808) (720)
Admin expenses (338) (234) (430) (347)
Other operating income/expense 102 104 237 222
EBIT 582 1,054 1,791 1,669
EBIT margin 22.2% 38.1% 38.8% 42.2%
Cost as % sales
Cost of sales -39% -31% -30% -26%
Distribution expenses -10% -8% -10% -10%
Sales & marketing expenses -20% -17% -17% -18%
Admin expenses -13% -8% -9% -9%
Other operating income/expense 4% 4% 5% 6%
Per hl metrics
Revenue 131 124 119 95
Cost of sales (51) (39) (35) (25)
Gross profit 80 85 84 70
Distribution expenses (13) (10) (12) (10)
Sales & marketing expenses (26) (22) (21) (17)
Admin expenses (17) (10) (11) (8)
Other operating income/expense 5 5 6 5
EBIT 29 47 46 40
N.America 2008 2009 2010 2011
Volume (m hl) 140,558 134,644 129,476 124,899
Revenue 15,571 15,486 15,296 15,304
Cost of sales (7,948) (7,525) (6,946) (6,726)
Gross profit 7,623 7,961 8,350 8,578
Gross profit margin 49.0% 51.4% 54.6% 56.1%
Distribution expenses (1,128) (792) (774) (807)
Sales & marketing expenses (1,794) (1,694) (1,565) (1,640)
Admin expenses (869) (636) (526) (475)
Other operating income/expense (62) 54 61 54
EBIT 3,770 4,893 5,546 5,710
EBIT margin 24.2% 31.6% 36.3% 37.3%
Cost as % sales
Cost of sales -51% -49% -45% -44%
Distribution expenses -7% -5% -5% -5%
Sales & marketing expenses -12% -11% -10% -11%
Admin expenses -6% -4% -3% -3%
Other operating income/expense 0% 0% 0% 0%
Per hl metrics
Revenue 111 115 118 123
Cost of sales (57) (56) (54) (54)
Gross profit 54 59 64 69
Distribution expenses (8) (6) (6) (6)
Sales & marketing expenses (13) (13) (12) (13)
Admin expenses (6) (5) (4) (4)
Other operating income/expense (0) 0 0 0
EBIT 27 36 43 46
Cost savings of 2000bps were
achieved in Mexico. Mexico is
similar to SAB’s Latam and
Africa businesses in that have
volume growth and both have
strong routes to market
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Sense check on margins We show below a reasonableness check around our estimated USD 3bn of cost savings
and what it implies for SABMiller’s divisions and total. We assume that the cost savings
from the eradication of overheads from central/hub head offices are apportioned to each
division. Overall, it would imply an EBIT margin of 51% for the SABMiller business.
Table 15: Illustrative SABMiller margin progression – sense check
Latam F15R F16E F17E F18E F19E F20E
NPR 5,211 5,480 5,864 6,111 6,367 6,635
EBIT 1,873 1,970 2,108 2,196 2,289 2,385
EBIT margin 35.9% 35.9% 35.9% 35.9% 35.9% 35.9%
Cost savings 0 0 750 1,125 1,350 1,500
Pro-forma EBIT 1,873 1,970 2,858 3,321 3,639 3,885
Pro-forma EBIT margin 35.9% 35.9% 48.7% 54.4% 57.1% 58.6%
Asia
NPR 1,732 1,718 1,760 1,751 1,742 1,733
EBIT 434 430 441 439 437 434
EBIT margin 25.1% 25.1% 25.1% 25.1% 25.1% 25.1%
Cost savings 0 0 150 225 270 300
Pro-forma EBIT 434 430 591 664 707 734
Pro-forma EBIT margin 25.1% 25.1% 33.6% 37.9% 40.6% 42.4%
Africa
NPR 4,966 5,162 5,562 5,874 6,203 6,550
EBIT 1,312 1,364 1,469 1,552 1,639 1,731
EBIT margin 26.4% 26.4% 26.4% 26.4% 26.4% 26.4%
Cost savings 0 0 600 900 1,080 1,200
Pro-forma EBIT 1,312 1,364 2,069 2,452 2,719 2,931
Pro-forma EBIT margin 26.4% 26.4% 37.2% 41.7% 43.8% 44.7%
Total
NPR 11,909 12,359 13,186 13,735 14,312 14,918
EBIT 3,619 3,764 4,018 4,187 4,364 4,550
EBIT margin 30.4% 30.5% 30.5% 30.5% 30.5% 30.5%
Cost savings 0 0 1,500 2,250 2,700 3,000
Pro-forma EBIT 3,619 3,764 5,518 6,437 7,064 7,550
Pro-forma EBIT margin 30.4% 30.5% 41.8% 46.9% 49.4% 50.6%
Source: Jefferies estimates
Note that for the purposes of the above reasonableness check, we only show the impact
of the cost-cutting programme falling through to the bottom line, and do not take into
consideration either positive effects (such as benefits from positive operating leverage or
premiumisation), or negative effects (e.g., down-trading, affordability strategy, negative
transactional risk, risk of new entrants into existing markets).
Latam – margin of 58.6%
Without a full breakdown of SABMiller’s cost base in Latam by line item, it is hard to
benchmark it against ABI’s Latam North division (2015: 44.2% margin) and Mexican
business (2015: 42.3% margin). There is some commonality between the two businesses
in terms of customer base (low proportion of organised retail / high proportion of mom-
and-pop stores) and route to market (both have a higher proportion of direct sales
distribution), however we believe that SABMiller has potential for higher margins given:
Higher market shares in SABMiller’s markets - Colombia (99%) and Peru (92%)
vs Brazil (68%) and Mexico (58%). Given greater competition in Brazil, we
believe that it is not unreasonable for monopoly markets to
command EBIT margins 1,000bp above that of Brazil – Ambev’s
Brazil Beer division has an EBIT margin of 46.6% in 2015.
We believe that monopoly
markets could command
margins 1000bps above the
Brazil Beer division margin
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Low penetration of premium in SABMiller’s markets relative to Brazil and
Mexico.
Asia: squeeze Australia cost base and benefits from premium brand portfolio
SABMiller’s Asian subsidiary largely consists of Australia. ABI is paying a termination fee of
USD 223m to Lion Nathan for the transfer of the premium Corona, Stella and Hoegaarden
brands - we estimate that this is worth USD 75m to EBIT and carries a high margin – it
could be worth 200bps alone to Asian division margins.
Africa: strong market positions. Similar to Brazil 30 years ago
SABMiller has attractive market positions in Africa. Although we see a strong focus on
growth, Africa represents, in some respects, a similar opportunity to Brazil from the late
1980s – i.e. a significant volume growth proposition, an underdeveloped premium beer
segment and opportunities over the medium term to drive margins as scale benefits
become more visible.
What about benefits to the legacy ABI business from the transaction Broadly similar strategic rationale nine months post the initial
announcement…
On the company conference call 30 August 2016, management highlighted a broadly
similar strategic rationale for the transaction as per their presentation 11 November 2015,
announcing the boards of ABI and SABMiller have reached agreement on the terms of a
recommendation acquisition.
…however benefits from further product and service innovations
On the 30 August 2016 conference call, management added to the strategic rationale
slide the following bullet point - “Benefits from the capabilities of both companies to deliver
further product and service innovations to our consumers and customers around the world”.
We believe this is a reference to SABMiller’s telesales centre in Bogota as well as
SABMiller’s affordability skill-set.
What is Colombia’s telesales business?
In 2006, post the Bavaria transaction, the Colombian route-to-market was inefficient and
expensive. The company moved from a relatively informal van-sales/pre-sales model to a
telesales model, with the rollout of Automated Order Processing (through a smartphone
app) to be fully rolled out by 2018. On physical distribution, the company moved from
use of third parties to a direct sales distribution model (Colombia now 69% DSD, Peru
73%).
Advantages of the telesales model…
The telesales model offers increased contact for the salesman at the point of sale, both in
terms of time spent selling beer and frequency of call. E.g. for top accounts, total contact
per week has risen from 2x to 3x, with time spent calling each outlet from 7 minutes to 13
minutes. Further, the administrative task of order taking has reduced from 80% to 40% of
time spent, with development (e.g. trading the vendor up) from 20% to 60%.
…and could this learning be applied to ABI’s Latam business
For ABI, a company that feeds off measurement and benchmarking, this opens up
significant new opportunities both in terms of top line and costs in the existing Latam
business, which is over three times the size of ABI’s Latam business (c.USD 6.5bn for ABI’s
Latam business in F16 vs USD 2bn for SABMiller’s). We would acknowledge that the
Colombia telesales model cannot be replicated overnight, however we believe that ABI
would look to learn and copy from it. This provides further comfort that the upside
margin opportunity from the combined group is likely to be material.
We see potential learnings from
SABMiller which could add to
ABI’s underlying margin. This is
not in our existing modelling
ABI’s existing Latam business is
far larger than SAB’s.
Therefore, the impact of
potential learnings could be
material
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Integration team On 4 August 2016, ABI disclosed details of the leadership team of the new entity. In
addition to the CEO and CFO and functional heads, we highlight some of the key
individuals on the executive committee who will be responsible for delivering the cost
savings on the transaction. Almeida, Tadeu and Moreira have significant experience of
integration and have worked across ABI’s most profitable business units. Craps’
experience of working in mature markets and driving revenue per hl through
premiumisation and innovation will suit Asia Pac South given key market Australia.
We believe that ABI’s reference Brazilian shareholders are closely involved in this process.
1. Chief Integration Officer: David Almeida (age 40).
Joined Inbev in 1998 (aged 22) from Salomon Brothers IBD in NYC. Appointed Chief
Integration Officer in March 2016. David was VP US sales (2011-16) and Inbev head of
M&A where he led the combination with AB and the US integration.
2. Zone President Africa: Ricardo Tadeu (age 40)
Joined Ambev (age 19) in 1995. Zone President Mexico (2012 to present), Business Unit
President Brazil (2008-12) and Business Unit President HILA (2005-08). Six Sigma Black
Belt. Yohesh Maharaj, currently Sales and Distribution Director for SAB’s South African
division will be Business Unit President South Africa, reporting to Tadeu.
3. Zone President Latin America COPEC: Ricardo Moreira (age 45)
Joined Ambev (age 24) in 1995. Marketing VP Mexico and led the commercial integration
of Grupo Modelo. 21 years of working in Latam. COPEC will include SABMiller markets
Colombia, Peru, Ecuador.
4. Zone President Asia Pacific South: Jan Craps (Belgian citizen, age 39)
President of Canada operation November 2014. Joined Inbev in Belgium in 2002 from
McKinsey. Worked across sales and marketing in France, Belgium and Canada.
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(2) Driving sustainable med-term
revenue growth (+6%) Top line revenue growth is an increasingly important metric for the group. To achieve +6%
sustainable organic revenue growth to 2022, we consider the following:
ABI-SAB’s strong footprint – attractive market positions in large, scalable profit
pools. This provides long term competitive advantages
Building the organic growth profile – an important focus, with 6% organic top line
potential
Sizing the value uplift from revenue synergies – worth an incremental EUR 3-6 per
share (not in our numbers or the 2020 Dream Incentive Plan bridge)
Sizing the value uplift from increasing low alcohol mix – worth an incremental EUR
3-19 per share (not in our numbers or the 2020 Dream Incentive Plan bridge)
ABI-SAB’s strong footprint – source of long term competitive advantage ABI will be the largest CPG company in the world by EBITDA and nearly four times the size of
its nearest competitor. Scale matters in beer – it drives operating leverage and provides
resources to invest in commercial opportunities that can be spread over a larger business
base. However scale, per se, is not the most important characteristic in global beer, in our
view. What matters more is possessing strong market positions in key markets with
geographical diversification.
In the section below, we split ABISAB’s markets into four buckets. The analysis shows that that
35% of ABISAB’s profits are generated is in relatively protected mature profit pools, which are
an important source of hard currency cash flow. The majority of ABISAB’s business (57%)
consists of markets where leading market shares provide pricing power, strong route to
market provides high barriers to entry, significant medium term growth opportunities exist
given favourable demographics and growing middle classes and a low level of premium beer
offers opportunities to drive revenue per hl. Other growth markets and Europe each account
for c.4% of profits.
This distinction is important as it points to the durable competitive advantages of ABISAB’s
business given the attractive geographic portfolio. Whilst we recognise that ABI has limited
experience of operating in Africa, ABI can plug-and-play its success from markets such as
Brazil and Mexico into SABMiller, most of which consists of Latam/Africa where the company
has both growth and attractive market shares.
New entity - EBITDA of over USD 21bn
We estimate that the combined business will generate revenues of USD 55.5bn and
EBITDA USD 21bn. This is after the disposal of the European subsidiary business and does
not include the results of SABMiller’s JVs and associates. This is before synergies.
ABI has the benefits of both a
significant global scale
advantage vs peers…
…and also an enviable portfolio
where over 90% of profits are
generated in markets where the
company has #1 or #2 positions
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Chart 7: ABISAB – pro-forma revenues (2015/F16)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data,
Chart 8: ABISAB – pro-forma EBITDA (2015/F16)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
One of the world’s largest CPG companies
We estimate that ABISAB, pre-synergies, will be the largest amongst its CPG peer group.
Chart 9: ABISAB revenues – in FMCG context
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data, Factset
Chart 10: ABISAB EBITDA (pre-synergies) – in FMCG context
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data, Factset
With a significant scale advantage within beer
ABI will be the leader in global beer by a significant margin, at 4x the size of the nearest
competitor Heineken. Scale drives operating leverage and provides more resources to
invest in commercial opportunities, which may not be available to smaller brewers. The
cost of prize marketing assets, such as the FIFA World Cup, can be spread over a larger
business base.
Scale provides a larger base on
which the company can spread
commercial investments
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Chart 11: FY15 volumes (m hl)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
Chart 12: FY15 EBITDA (pre-synergies) and margin (%)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
But big does not always mean best Scale undoubtedly is important within global beer. However, it is not a means to an end.
We would argue that local market structure and growth are more important determinants
when considering a company’s geographic footprint.
Splitting ABI-SAB’s business into four buckets
Below we split ABI-SAB’s markets into four buckets:
1. Mature but duopoly – these are mature markets with growth challenges. However, a
favourable duopolistic market structure exists.
2. Growth >50% share. Growth markets where the company has a number one market
share.
3. Growth <50% market share. Growth markets where the company does not have a
number one market share.
4. Europe. We include both CE Europe and W Europe.
Chart 13: ABISAB volumes by markets
Source: Jefferies estimates
Chart 14: ABISAB EBIT by markets
Source: Jefferies estimates
Note – we only include the subsidiary business in the above analysis.
Growth and local market
structures are arguably more
important than global scale
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The below chart provides market share, volume and EBIT contribution by market for
ABISAB. For the purposes of the analysis we assume the sale of SABMiller’s CE European
subsidiary business, which is on-going.
Chart 15: Splitting ABI-SAB's markets into four buckets (Pro-forma 2015)
Source: Jefferies estimates
SAB ABI Comment Volume Contribution EBIT contribution
Mature markets
US 27% 46% Sold to TAP 19.4% 27.6%
Austrailia 40% 6% 1.3% 2.1%
Canada 1% 42% 1.7% 3.5%
South Korea no production 57% 2.4% 1.3%
Total 24.7% 34.5%
Growth markets >50% share
Brazil 68% 20.4% 21.5%
Mexico 58% 7.4% 9.6%
Colombia 99% <1% 4.0% 5.9%
South Africa 90% 5.1% 5.2%
Argentina 5% 77% 4.3% 6.6%
Dominican Republic export 88% 0.7% 0.7%
Ecuador 93% 5% 1.1% 1.2%
El Salvador 91% 0.2% 0.2%
Honduras 93% 0.2% 0.3%
Panama 53% 0.3% 0.3%
Paraguay export 90% 0.5% 0.6%
Peru 97% 2% 2.5% 2.7%
Uruguay 97% 0.2% 0.2%
Botsw ana 91% 0.1% 0.2%
Ghana 51% 0.0% 0.2%
Lesotho 99% 0.1% 0.1%
Mozambique 92% 0.5% 0.5%
Sw aziland 89% 0.0% 0.1%
Tanzania 77% 0.5% 0.4%
Uganda 60% 0.3% 0.3%
Zambia 92% 0.3% 0.2%
Total 49.1% 57.3%
Growth markets <50% share
Chile export 14% 0.2% 0.2%
Guatemala 10% 0.0% 0.0%
Kenya 1% 0.0% 0.0%
Malaw i 1% 0.0% 0.0%
Namibia 15% 0.0% 0.0%
Nigeria 15% 0.5% 0.5%
China 25% 19% Sold to CRE 13.3% 3.0%
India 21% 2% 0.9% 0.4%
Singapore 6% 0.0% 0.0%
Vietnam 0% 0.0% 0.0%
Other LatAm 1.9% -0.3%
Other Africa 0.2% 0.0%
Other Asia 1.3% 0.0%
Total 18.5% 3.9%
Europe
W Europe Disposal of SAB business 5.2% 4.1%
E Europe Disposal of SAB business 2.5% 0.2%
Total 7.7% 4.3%
Total 100.0% 100.0%
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1. Mature but duopoly
These markets account for just over a third of company EBIT, with the US the largest part
at 28% of this bucket. We see structural headwinds in most of these markets given loss of
share of throat to wine and spirits as well as the threat to mainstream beer from craft and
imports.
However, these markets are not unattractive
Cash: They are an important source of stable cash flow given that they are
highly cash generative, with low capex requirements and in hard currency.
Consolidated market structure: This argues for a rational pricing
environment.
Favourable regulatory environment: Both Canada and the US are highly
regulated markets. This provides some protection against strong retailer power,
such as in Europe.
Premiumisation: Whilst there is not a natural growth opportunity for beer in
these markets given the absence of demographic and per capita consumption
tailwinds, consumers are trading up to more premium brands which is healthy
for the overall beer category.
USA: There are still a number of ‘gaps’ to address in the US however we see
market share losses starting to slow given moderation in the rate of decline of
Budweiser, strong growth in Michelob Ultra and greater participation in craft
and near beer, which are in growth. Bud Light remains the key brand to turn
around.
Australia: The termination of the distribution license with Lion Nathan (Kirin)
should argue for better performance in Australia given strong momentum in
Corona.
2. Growth >50% market share
These markets account for 49% of volume and 57% of group EBIT. Most of SABMiller’s
subsidiary business, that are not being disposed, fit within this bucket. Although these
emerging markets can be volatile, in our view these are the most attractive bucket within
the context of global beer. They share the following:
Strong market shares: The company has price leadership
Barriers to entry: barriers to entry are high given a high proportion of owned
distribution in many markets and strong local brand portfolios. Whilst the risk of
new entrants exists (e.g. Poland and Nigeria having moved from duopolies to
three brewer markets), we believe that this is tougher to achieve where there is
one brewer that has such a strong local market position.
Low level of premium beer: Premium beer accounts for under 3% in many of
these markets. This offers a significant longer term structural opportunity for
attractive revenue per hl realisation
Retailer structure: Organised retail is generally low. Mom and pop stores
account for the largest part of the customer base
Attractive fundamentals: Favourable demographics, per capita consumption
growth opportunities and attractive medium term income dynamics.
We would highlight that the majority of the subsidiary business that ABI has bought fits
into this bucket. Whilst ABI has limited experience of Africa today, these are markets that
ABI feels comfortable operating in given their attractive market structures and growth
characteristics.
ABI’s mature markets don’t
offer a natural top line growth
opportunity…
…however, the duopolistic
structure of these markets
offers better pricing power vs
mature Europe where there is a
mismatch between a
fragmented supplier base and
consolidated retailer base
We like markets with growth
and strong market shares…
….which represent the majority
of the business that ABI is
keeping
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3. Growth <50% market share
These markets account for 18% of volumes and 4% of profits. China is the majority of this
business representing 13% of group volumes and 3% of profits. Although ABI has <20%
market share in China, averages are misleading and we believe that local market share is
higher. Therefore, one could argue that ABI’s China business could sit within the second
bucket.
Given that distribution push does not exist in some of the other markets, the model is
based more on consumer pull. Levels of investment in these markets are generally high –
sales and marketing spend in ABI’s Asia Pac division is 25% of sales (2015) vs 16% for the
group. Vietnam, Chile, India are all markets where there is potential for ABI’s premium
portfolio to do well.
4. Europe – not singularly unattractive, but tough
Europe offers reasonable cash flow and pockets of growth do exist through successful
premiumisation and innovation. Further, it is wrong to assume that all ABISAB’s market
shares in Europe are unfavourable – in Belgium, ABI has a >50% market share. Whilst we
would not go so far as to share former SABMiller CFO Malcolm Wyman’s pronouncement
of Europe as “singularly unattractive” (April 2007), we would view this bucket less
favourably than the other groupings.
In general, Europe has non-scalable, mature, highly competitive markets with an
unfavourable regulatory environment (inability to consolidate both within and beyond
national borders). A consolidated retailer base leads to a tough pricing environment.
Value creation is often driven by cost cutting, innovation and premiumisation. The
company has seen some success with premiumisation (e.g. into France) and innovation
(e.g. alcohol free and Radlers). Europe is important in the context of the ensuring
provenance of global brands such as Stella Artois however we do not believe that the
region holds significant strategic interest for the company.
Growth markets with <50%
market share represents 4% of
ABISAB profits
Europe 4% of ABISAB
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Building the organic growth profile An important focus – we think 6% organic revenue growth is achievable
Although ABI will continue to evaluate opportunities to drive external growth, we believe
that organic growth will likely be a focus for ABI’s management. This reflects the
following:
1. Deleveraging – At 4x net debt to EBITDA, we would expect the company to focus on
deleveraging in the near term, in addition to paying a healthy dividend.
2. SABMiller likely represents the last game-changing deals for ABI within the
beer universe. Outside of buying out SABMiller’s associate businesses, the company’s
ability to create value through future deals in beer has diminished given:
ABI’s scale – with combined pro forma EBIT of USD 20bn the company is 5x the
size of the nearest competitor, Heineken. Therefore, it will become increasingly
difficult to move the needle through deals. Indeed, we would view the SABMiller
transaction as a significant bolt-on rather than an industry transformational deal.
Scarcity of assets – many of the remaining sizeable assets have protected
shareholder structures, with family control or controlled by a foundation.
Regulatory issues – with a few exceptions as discussed below, it will become
increasingly difficult for ABI, we believe, to create value through M&A without
running into regulatory complications.
ABI – known for cost-cutting…
There is not much debate around ABI’s core competencies of cost cutting, focus on cash
generation and excellence in integrating businesses. Where there is perhaps greater
debate is around the company’s brand building track record, and to what extent ABI can
be viewed as a reliable compounder, capable of achieving growth in excess of >5% per
annum.
… but a strong top line should become increasingly visible
We see two key reasons as to why organic growth at ABI-SAB should accelerate:
1. Improved geographies - Following the acquisition of SABMiller, ABI’s exposure to
markets with significant structural growth increases
2. Changing incentive structure – Compensation metrics shifted in 2014 to sharpen
the focus on market share and revenue growth
…with further value creation opportunities from revenue synergies and near
beer
In our bridge to USD 100bn revenues, we consider 6% organic revenue growth as
reasonable. In this report, we also look at other levers to create value which could be part
of the revenue growth opportunity at ABI but have not been included within our existing
assumptions.
Sizing the value uplift from revenue synergies – We estimate that the roll-
out of ABI’s brands onto SABMiller’s platform could be worth EUR 3-6 per share.
This is not included in our existing forecasts or as part of the 2020 Dream
Incentive Plan bridge
Innovation as a driver of growth: We also see the business increasingly
focused on innovation
Sizing the value uplift from low alcohol: The company has set a target that
low alcohol should make up at least 20% of volumes by 2025. We estimate that
a successful roll-out of no/low alcohol beer, in line with ABI’s 2025
commitments, could be worth between EUR 3 to 19 per share, depending on
the level of cannibalisation. This is not including in our existing forecasts or part
of our 2020 Dream Incentive Plan bridge.
Top line will be an increasingly
important metric for the
business
Improved exposure to growth
markets and greater emphasis
on top line for bonus
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1. Improved geographies Following the acquisition of SABMiller, ABI’s exposure to attractive, growth markets
increases. With the disposal of SABMiller’s European business, ABI is acquiring a business
that has half of subsidiary profits generated in Latam, a third in Africa and the remainder in
Asia (largely Australia).
Chart 16: ABISAB pro-forma EBITDA by region
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
Africa and Latam – structural growth opportunity
Africa and Latam, in our view, offer significant opportunities for growth given a medium
term favourable macro outlook, demographic tailwinds and opportunities for per capita
consumption to increase.
Informal alcohol accounts for an estimated 75% of Africa total alcohol, 19% of S. Africa
and 25% of SABMiller’s LatAm business. As GDP per capita increases in these markets, we
would expect beer to capture a higher percentage of total alcohol consumption. We
believe that consumers will switch from informal alcohol towards beer which offers a
higher-quality, safer alternative in more attractive packaging than subsistence alcohol.
Along with favourable demographics, this provides a significant tailwind for medium-term
volume growth.
Chart 17: Estimated share of informal alcohol:
Beer has penetration upside in Africa(75% informal alcohol)
Source: SABMiller Mar-15 Africa presentation, WHO, Canadean, Euromonitor, Hughes & Munday
25%
8%19%
75%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
North America LatAm C&E Europe China South Africa Africa
Beer Wine Spirits Estimated Informal Alcohol
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Given low per capita consumption, favourable demographics and potential for
wealth effects we expect growth three times that of the global rate.
Chart 18: Beer per capita consumption (litres)
Africa has the lowest per capita beer consumption globally
Source: Jefferies, Euromonitor
Chart 19: Beer volume growth 2014-2025E
African beer growth expected to grow faster
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
Given this improving footprint, we believe that the company on a medium term view can
increase organic volumes +2% and organic revenues over +6%.
Table 16: ABISAB Revenue forecasts (2017E – 2023E)
F17E F18E F19E F20E F21E F22E F23E
Volume
ABI 0.9% 1.0% 1.0% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3%
SABMiller 4.9% 4.4% 4.4% 4.4% 4.4% 4.5% 4.5%
Combined 1.9% 1.9% 1.9% 2.1% 2.2% 2.2% 2.2%
Price/mix
ABI 4.4% 4.5% 4.6% 4.7% 4.8% 4.9% 4.6%
SABMiller 3.3% 3.2% 3.2% 3.3% 3.3% 3.3% 3.4%
Combined 4.0% 4.1% 4.1% 4.3% 4.3% 4.4% 4.1%
Revenue
ABI 5.3% 5.4% 5.5% 6.0% 6.1% 6.2% 5.9%
SABMiller 8.2% 7.6% 7.7% 7.7% 7.8% 7.8% 7.8%
Combined 5.9% 5.9% 6.0% 6.4% 6.5% 6.6% 6.3%
Source: Jefferies estimates
We estimate that N.America (37% of ABI revenues) will fall to 29% of the pro-forma group
revenues (2015), 24% in year 5 after the transaction 20% in year 10 and 13% in year 20.
16%
44%
World Africa
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Chart 20: 20 year development of ABISAB footprint – revenues
N.America
37%N.America
29%
N.America
28%N.America
24%N.America
20%N.America
13%
Mexico 9%
Mexico 7% Mexico 7%Mexico 6%
Mexico 6%
Mexico 6%
Latam
30%
Latam
44%
Latam
33%Latam
35%Latam
40%Latam
41% Latam
41%
Africa 42%
Africa 9% Africa 10% Africa 10% Africa 12%Africa 17%
Asia 13%
Asia 15%
Asia 14% Asia 14% Asia 14% Asia 15% Asia 20%
Europe 10% Europe 7% Europe 7% Europe 6% Europe 5% Europe 3%
ABI FY15 SAB FY16 Pro-forma YR 1 YR 5 YR 10 YR 20
Source: Jefferies estimates
We estimate that N.America (36% of ABI EBITDA) will fall to 29% of the pro-forma group
EBITDA (2015), 21% in year 5 after the transaction, 17% in year 10 and 11% in year 20.
Chart 21: 20 year development of ABISAB footprint - EBITDA
N.America
36% N.America
29%
N.America
25%N.America
21%N.America
17%N.America
11%
Mexico 12%
Mexico 9%Mexico 8%
Mexico 7%Mexico 7%
Mexico 7%
Latam
37%
Latam
50%
Latam
40%Latam
42%Latam
47%Latam
49% Latam
47%
Africa 35%
Africa 7% Africa 10% Africa 11% Africa 13%Africa 19%
Asia 8%Asia 15%
Asia 9% Asia 10% Asia 11% Asia 12% Asia 15%
Europe 6% Europe 5% Europe 5% Europe 4% Europe 3% Europe 2%
ABI FY15 SAB FY16 Pro-forma YR 1 YR 5 YR 10 YR 20
Source: Jefferies estimates
2. Incentive structure – emphasis on top line
A key way to influence behaviour at ABI is to change compensation. EBITDA and cash flow
received the most focus from management following the BUD transaction, given specific
incentives to delever below 3.5x net debt to EBITDA over five years (worth 18m share
options to top 40 executives).
We would highlight that in 2014, the company changed the group’s compensation
structure with market share and total revenue growth elevated to be more important than
EBITDA and cashflow.
Chart 22: Evolving management incentives (2008-15)
Source: Company Data
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 & 2015
Variable
compensation targets
EBITDA target
not met: CEO
no bonus
EBITDA
Cash flow
Market share
EBITDA
Cash flow
Operating costs
Market share
EBITDA
Cash flow
Operating costs
Market share
EBITDA
Cash flow
Operating costs
Market share
EBITDA
Cash flow
Operating costs
Market share
Market share
Total revenue growth
EBITDA
Cash flow
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2020 Dream Incentive Plan
Under the 2020 Dream Incentive Plan, ABI will pay out a bonus pool of USD 350m to 65
of its top managers if revenues reach USD 100bn by 2022. We would highlight that the
performance plan is an internal stretch target, not official company guidance. The scheme
excludes the brewer’s executive management board, the top 16 executives in the
company. Refer to section on the 2020 Dream Incentive Plan for further details.
Sizing the value uplift from revenue synergies Revenue synergies – worth between EUR 3-6 per share
We believe there are opportunities for ABI to learn from SABMiller’s best practices on local
portfolio management and beer category development through driving affordability. ABI
brings a global brand portfolio that, over the medium to longer term, can be rolled out
across SABMiller’s markets. We would estimate that a successful roll-out could be worth
between EUR 3-6 per share.
The growth of craft
Craft accounts for c11% of US industry beer volumes but c1-2% of global beer volumes.
In most mature markets, we are seeing an emergence of craft. This reflects new entrants,
as well as a desire for something different in beer markets where core lager appears
homogenous.
Potential for craft in emerging markets…
We do not dispute that there is potential for craft to grow in emerging markets. For
instance, Ambev has bought Sao Paolo-based craft brewer Colorado in Brazil and also
bought Colombia’s largest craft brewer, Bogota Beer Company. In 2015, Heineken
acquired a 50% stake in Laguinitas, where the aim is to drive higher sales of the brand
internationally.
…but premium beer works better than craft in EMs
Although craft beer works well in mature markets, in emerging markets we see a natural
consumer move towards higher-value premium brands. We believe that premium brands
resonate more strongly with consumers in EMs, relative to craft. The challenging taste
profile of many craft beers does naturally suit warm climates, and we would argue that it
is easier for consumers who seek a more aspirational premium product to “badge”
themselves through a well-recognised international premium beer than a niche craft beer.
SABMiller - premium beer opportunity under-exploited
One of SABMiller’s strengths had been portfolio management of local brands, trading
consumers up from mainstream to local premium. However, given the absence of a
strong global brand portfolio, we believe this represents an opportunity for ABI’s global
brands Budweiser, Stella Artois and Corona.
We would highlight that each of these brands can be deployed differently by market:
Budweiser is for “Relaxation and Bonding”
Stella Artois for “Savor the Moment”
Corona for “Changing the Mood and Night Out”.
As a result, the price index of each brand also differs (eg, Corona in Brazil carries a WAMP
of 200 vs Argentina 300).
Revenue synergies – would be a slow build
We think that a successful roll-out of ABI’s premium portfolio into SABMiller’s markets
would be a slow process. Not only is detailed market research required, but, premium
brands need to be seeded into the right on-trade outlets to ensure that its premium
credentials are established before wider roll-out.
There is potential for craft in
emerging markets….
…. International Premium
Brands resonate better in EMs…
….and arguably suit warm
climates better than hoppy
craft
We estimate that the successful
exploitation of SABMiller’s
distribution network to sell
Bud, Stella and Corona is worth
c.EUR 3-6 per share
- this is not included in our
current forecasts
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Quantifying the opportunity
Analysis below suggests that EBIT per hl for the premium brand portfolio (USD 64) could
be more than double that of mainstream beer (USD 30), despite the higher costs
associated with COGS and SG&A.
We show two scenarios below:
1. Premiumisation of 10% of SABMiller’s subsidiary business, after the sale of Europe.
Cannibalisation of 10%. No volume uplift. Under this scenario, we estimate a value per
share of EUR 3.
2. Premiumisation of 10% of SABMiller’s subsidiary business. No cannibalisation; 10%
volume uplift. Under this scenario, we estimate a value per share of EUR 6.
Table 17: Scenario 1 – assumes 10% premium but 10% cannibalisation
SABMiller 10% of portfolio Cannibalisation Pro-forma
Volumes (m hl) 142 14 (14) 142
Revenues 11,909 1,786 (1,191) 12,504
COGS (4,358) (567) 436 (4,489)
Gross profit 7,551 1,220 (755) 8,015
Gross margin 63.4% 68.3% 63.4% 64.1%
SG&A (3,932) (452) 393 (3,991)
EBIT 3,619 768 (362) 4,025
EBIT margin 30.4% 43.0% 30.4% 32.2%
P&L structure
Revenue per hl 84 +50% 126 84 88
COGS per hl (31) +30% (40) (31) (32)
Gross profit per hl 53 86 53 57
SG&A per hl (28) +15% (32) (28) (28)
EBIT per hl 26 54 26 28
Incremental EBIT 406
Post tax impact (22%) 316
Capitalised (20x) 6,329
NOSH 1,966
Value per share (USD) 3.2
Value per share (EUR) 2.9
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
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Table 18: Scenario 2 – assumes 10% premium, no cannibalisation
SABMiller 10% of portfolio Cannibalisation Pro-forma
Volumes (m hl) 142 14 - 156
Revenues 11,909 1,786 - 13,695
COGS (4,358) (567) - (4,925)
Gross profit 7,551 1,220 - 8,770
Gross margin 63.4% 68.3% - 64.0%
SG&A (3,932) (452) - (4,384)
EBIT 3,619 768 - 4,387
EBIT margin 30.4% 43.0% - 32.0%
P&L structure
Revenue per hl 84 +50% 126 - 88
COGS per hl (31) +30% (40) - (32)
Gross profit per hl 53 0 86 - 56
SG&A per hl (28) +15% (32) - (28)
EBIT per hl 26 0 54 - 28
Incremental EBIT 768
Post tax impact (22%) 599
Capitalised (20x) 11,975
NOSH 1,966
Value per share (USD) 6.1
Value per share (EUR) 5.5
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
Key assumptions
1. Revenue per hl on Global Brands – We estimate a 50% premium to SAB’s existing
revenue per hl (subsidiary business). This implies revenue per hl of USD 126 for the Global
Brands.
By way of a sense check, the average revenue per hl in N.America is USD 132. We believe
the average price per case for Stella Artois is USD 158 per hl. We estimate that Corona
carries a price point of USD 200 (USD 180 per hl in Brazil, USD 240 per hl in Argentina).
Therefore, revenue per hl of USD 126 for the Global Brands is a reasonable proxy and
would reflect a mix of the global brands as well as adjusting for affordability by market
2. COGS per hl on Global Brands – We estimate a 30% uplift to SAB’s existing COGS
per hl. Note that for brands that can be locally produced (e.g., Budweiser), the
incremental COGS per hl is only 10% however given that Stella and Corona are likely to
be imported, we apply a higher COGS per hl.
3. SG&A per hl – we estimate a 15% uplift to SABMiller’s existing SG&A per hl. This
reflects higher sales and marketing expenses associated with the premium branding.
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Innovation as a driver of growth Beer – historically not focused on innovation
It should not be surprising that the major beer companies have not focused on innovation
historically. Value growth in the beer industry has been driven by emerging market
growth, in particular pre-2008, with significant margin benefits from consolidation and
internal cost cutting programmes.
Innovation in beer – takes many forms
Innovation in beer takes many forms, including new liquids (e.g. Mixx Tail and Skol Beats
Senses), line extensions (Shock Top Expansion), creative approaches to brand identity (eg
Project 12: The New Batch) and packaging (e.g. Aluminum Bottles), and new marketing
(eg Bud and Burgers) and trade concepts (innovation around cooler penetration). The
benefits of innovation are to refresh the interest of existing consumers and extend the
reach of existing brands to new consumers and consumption occasions. Innovation
should also be gross margin enhancing.
ABI - innovation portal
On the ABI Open Innovation Submission Portal, employers can submit details of technical
innovations (eg new case designs, materials, construction/adhesives, new ergonomics or
even just a better handle design) and innovations around digital marketing, retail sales
and other digital technology.
For instance, in 2013 AB InBev used digital technologies to run a weather-dependent
advertising campaign for Stella Artois Cidre. By using weather data, the company was
able to ensure that the ads displayed as soon as there was a two degree rise in
temperature – an innovative use of technology that allowed the company to target
customers just at the point at which they were susceptible to buy.
Chief Disruptive Growth Officer
In February 2015, Pedro Earp (age 39) was appointed to the Executive Board of
Management as Chief Disruptive Growth Officer. Given ABI’s centralised management
style, we believe that new ideas can be rolled out quickly across the organisation.
Sizing the value uplift from low alcohol ABI likes targets. The company has set a target that no (ABV 0-0.5%) or lower alcohol beer
(ABV 0.51-3.5%) products should make up at least 20% of ABI’s global beer volume by
the end of 2025, with no-alcohol beer to be available in all of the company’s markets by
the end of the period. The company has indicated that no or lower alcohol beer accounts
for c.6% of its beer volumes today, with a higher proportion of volumes in Europe than
other regions.
Small segment…
Non-alcoholic beers account for c.0.6% of global beer consumption however the
category’s share is higher in some regions, such as the Middle East and North Africa (6.6%
in 2015). Low alcohol beers account for c.2,2% of global consumption.
…but fast growing segment…
Low / zero alcohol beer is one of the fastest growing segments. Over the past five years,
zero alcohol beer grew 2.5% (CAGR) with low alcohol growing 4.9% (CAGR). This
compares to the total beer market 1.6%. Innovation with low alcohol has seen some
success in Germany with Becks Blue, whilst Radlers have seen strong momentum across
much of Europe. In Canada the company has recently launched Budweiser Prohibition
Brew, using the latest de-alcoholisation technology. For SABMiller, Aguila Cero has seen
good momentum in Colombia.
ABI – starting to become more
innovative
ABI has a 39 year old Chief
Disruptive Officer on the
Executive Committee
The low alcohol opportunity is
interesting. We think it could
yield upside of between EUR 3-
19 per share.
This is not included in our
existing forecasts
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…with potential to widen the consumption occasion
We believe that with zero / low alcohol there is potential to widen the consumption
occasion beyond beer’s traditional drinking occasions: ABI has historically targeted four
drinking occasions including relaxation and bonding, food and savour, changing the
mood, serving on a great night out. By way of reference, the Coca-Cola Company has
identified over thirty drinking occasions. We believe that zero alcohol beer could
specifically target the lunch occasion as well.
…with distribution in the non-beer universe
We see potential for alcohol free beer to be distributed into non-beer outlets such as fast-
food chains, the on-the-go channel or even vending machines.
….and bring in new consumers
We see potential to attract new consumers, in particular female consumer or those who
do not drink for religious reasons. Per Heineken (12 November, 2014), Radlers are taking
70% of its volume beyond the core category, in particular through bringing female
consumers into beer. There is also an opportunity to attract consumers who do not drink
given religious reasons.
Per WHO, 61.7% of the global population (+15) has not drunk alcohol in the past 12
months (2010) and 13.7% have ceased alcohol consumption, i.e. they have consumed
alcohol earlier in life but not in the past 12 months). Almost half of the global adult
population (48.0%) has never consumed alcohol.
Chart 23: Split of current, former drinkers & lifetime abstainers (+15 years)
Source: WHO (World Health Organisation)
In certain emerging markets, such as in Latam, consumption tends to be heavily skewed
towards the weekend. Therefore, increasing sales of no/low alcohol beer could drive
incremental volumes for the category. We would also see opportunities for no/low
alcohol beer in those markets, such as in Western Europe, at the lunch time consumption
occasion.
….with attractive margins
Zero alcohol or low alcohol beers are value accretive given the saving on excise duty. We
Per Heineken (12 Novemeber, 2014), Radlers carry a gross margin that is 22% ahead of its
mother brand.
Implications for ABI’s p&l
Whilst we recognise that the 2025 target is in large part driven by the ABI’s social
responsibility agenda, its Global Smart Drinking Goals, the margins for low alcohol are
more attractive than mainstream beer.
ABI targets four key
consumption occasions. Coke
targets over 30.
Non-alcohol beer could be
distributed into new points of
sale such as vending machines,
fast food, cinemas or on-the-go
70% of radler volumes have
come from outside of beer
48% of the global adult
population haver never
consumed alcohol
Gross margins for Radlers are
22% more profitable than the
mother brand
ABI BB
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We show two scenarios below:
1. 20% of ABISAB’s global beer volumes are zero/low alcohol beer. No volume uplift.
Under this scenario, we estimate that this is worth 2% to EBIT or EUR 3 per share.
2. 20% of ABISAB’s global beer volumes are zero/low alcohol beer. No cannibalisation;
14% volume uplift. Under this scenario, we estimate this is worth c.17% to EBIT or EUR 19
per share.
Workings and assumptions
Excise paid at ABI
1. Splitting out excise tax: ABI does not separately split out excise duty. In the
commercial section of the 2015 annual report, ABI indicates that excise and income taxes
totalled USD 13.7bn in 2015. Corporation tax was USD 2.6bn which would imply excise
tax of 11.1bn.
2. Split out beer from soft drinks: For volumes, ABI splits out non-beer as 44.1mhl.
ABI discloses that net revenues from beer amounted to USD 40,594m and non-beer USD
3,010m.
Excise paid at SAB subsidiary (ex-Europe)
1. Splitting out excise tax: SABMiller separately splits out excise duty paid by region.
2. Split beer from soft drinks: SABMiller discloses beer volumes 248.8m hl (F16).
Stripping out China (58m hl) and USA (38m hl) and estimated other associate volumes in
Europe and Africa (14m hl) leaves 138m hl of subsidiary volumes. The disposal of Europe
(est 36m hl) reduces this to 102mhl. We estimate subsidiary soft drinks volumes of 40m
hl, split broadly equally between Africa and Latam.
Table 19: : ABI-SAB beer excise workings
ABI SAB Pro-forma
Volumes (m hl) 457 142 599
Non-beer (est mhl) 44 40 84
Beer (m hl) 413 102 515
Net revenues 43,604 11,909 55,513
Non-beer (est) 3,010 2,521 5,531
Beer revenues 40,594 9,388 49,982
Excise 11,106 4,028 15,134
Gross revenues 51,700 13,416 65,116
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
What proportion of volumes will be impacted?
With approximately 5% of ABISAB volumes already at no/low alcohol, the volumes
impacted to reach 20% of the combined portfolio are 15%:
For scenario 1 – cannibalisation – we assume no volume uplift.
For scenario 2 – no cannibalisation – we assume a volume uplift.
Calculating the excise saving
We assume an average saving on excise of 60% on excise per hl. We would assume that
half of the portfolio of zero/low beer is 0.5%, half is 3.5% - ie an average of 2.0%. This
compares to an estimated average ABV of 5.0% for the ABISAB beer portfolio. Therefore,
excise per hl on the zero/low alcohol volumes (20% of the portfolio) drops from USD 29
to USD 12 per hl and revenue per hl increases from USD 98 to 116.
Note, this is broadly in line with the company’s target to reduce the average ABV of at
least 10% by end 2025.
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Table 20: Evolution of average ABV at ABISAB by 2025
Share of portfolio ABV Weighted ave
ABV
Current portfolio assumption 100% 5.0% 5.0%
2025 plan 10% 3.5% 0.4%
2025 plan 10% 0.5% 0.1%
2025 plan 80% 5.0% 4.0%
TOTAL - 2025 plan 100% 4.4%
Aggregate reduction in alcohol content -12.0%
Source: Jefferies estimates
Other impacts
COGS – we do not assume any change to COGS. On the one hand, the brewing
process for low/zero alcohol beer could be more expensive (either through
removal of alcohol post brewing or by limited ethanol formation), however it is
likely that the raw materials are less expensive (fewer hops required). Therefore,
this is a wash.
Gross margin – due to saving on excise that the gross margin per hl is
approximately 30% higher on the zero/low alcohol volumes at USD 78 vs 60 for
the remainder of the portfolio.
Marketing – ABI has highlighted a USD 1bn investment as part of the
programme. Therefore, we assume that SG&A increases from USD 2.3bn to USD
3.3bn on the zero/low alcohol portfolio.
SG&A - in scenario 2, in which we do not assume any cannibalisation, we do not
take into consideration the potential benefits from positive operating leverage,
but neither do we take into consideration the higher costs associated with
expanded production / higher R&D costs.
ABI BB
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Table 21: Scenario 1 – assumes 20% portfolio becomes zero/low alcohol. 20% cannibalisation
USD m ABISAB 20% of portfolio (Cannibalisation) Pro-forma
Volumes (m hl) 515 77 (77) 515
Gross revenues 65,116 9,767 (9,767) 65,116
Excise (15,134) (908) 2,270 (13,772)
Net revenues 49,982 8,859 (7,497) 51,344
COGS (19,299) (2,895) 2,895 (19,299)
Gross profit 30,682 5,964 (4,602) 32,044
Gross margin 61.4% 67.3% 61.4% 62.4%
SG&A (15,494) (3,324) 2,324 (16,494)
EBIT 15,189 2,640 (2,278) 15,551
EBIT margin 30.4% 29.8% 30.4% 30.3%
Incremental EBIT 362
Post tax impact (22%) 282
Capitalised (20x) 5,648
NOSH 1,964
Value per share (USD) 2.9
Value per share (EUR) 2.6
P&L structure
Gross revenue per hl 126 126 126 126
Excise per hl (29) (12) (29) (27)
Net revenue per hl 97 115 97 100
COGS per hl 37 37 (37) (37)
Gross profit per hl 60 77 60 62
SG&A per hl 30 43 (30) (32)
EBIT per hl 29 34 29 30
Source: Jefferies estimates
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Table 22: Scenario 2 – assumes 20% portfolio is zero/low alcohol, no cannibalisation
USD m ABISAB 20% of portfolio (Cannibalisation) Pro-forma
Volumes (m hl) 515 77 592
Gross revenues 65,116 9,767 74,883
Excise (15,134) (908) (16,042)
Net revenues 49,982 8,859 58,841
COGS (19,299) (2,895) (22,194)
Gross profit 30,682 5,964 36,647
Gross margin 61.4% 67.3% 62.3%
SG&A (15,494) (3,324) (18,818)
EBIT 15,189 2,640 17,829
EBIT margin 30.4% 29.8% 30.3%
Incremental EBIT 2,640
Post tax impact (22%) 2,059
Capitalised (20x) 41,190
NOSH 1,964
Value per share (USD) 21.0
Value per share (EUR) 19.1
P&L structure
Gross revenue per hl 126 126 126
Excise per hl (29) (12) (27)
Net revenue per hl 97 138 99
COGS per hl 37 37 (37)
Gross profit per hl 60 77 62
SG&A per hl 30 43 (32)
EBIT per hl 29 34 30
Source: Jefferies estimate. Note that mathematically under this scenario of no cannibalisation, the existing zero/low alcohol volumes (26m h or 5% of the existing business) and incremental volumes (77m h) come to 17% of the pro-forma business not 20%.
ABI BB
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(3) Further value accretive M&A
Although there will likely be a pause for breath in the near term as the company focuses on
deleveraging, M&A remains a core competency for ABI and we would identify a number of
opportunities beyond the SABMiller transaction which could lead to value creation.
We see some parallels with the acquisition of Anheuser in 2008 where there was a follow-up
‘boomberg’ transaction in the form of Grupo Modelo in 2012, which was earnings accretive
by over double digits. With SABMiller, we see potential for full ownership of Castel which we
believe would also be accretive to earnings by double digits.
Full ownership of associate businesses Castel and Anadolu Efes would move group revenues
to c.USD 86bn by 2022, we estimate, which represents a gap of USD 14bn vs the USD 100bn
Dream Incentive Plan target. We believe that a fair wind on currency would help to close the
gap. Whilst there is potential for deals outside of ABISAB, we see fewer targets that would
have a meaningful impact on ABISAB given its size.
On acquisitions outside of beer, CEO Brito has reiterated a commitment to beer saying "we've
always done it within beer. We don't believe in going too much outside beer. That makes the
likelihood of success in integration higher." For now, we abstain from the debate around the
future direction, beyond beer, with ABI having enough levers for value creation over the next
five years.
Capital allocation objectives
ABI has consistently communicated that its capital allocation objectives consist of:
1. Investment in organic growth of the business
The company’s first priority is to focus on organic growth in its existing footprint and
business. Strong market shares and strong brands provide a healthy backdrop for
continued profit growth over the medium term.
2. Selective M&A, strict financial discipline
The company adopts a cautious and disciplined approach to M&A. Price, timing and
cultural fit are all important factors, and any deal must create value and provide
opportunities for existing employees to further develop their careers. The company’s track
record on integration and deal synergies is strong.
3. Capital allocation beyond M&A
The company’s objective is to have a dividend yield comparable with other consumer
goods companies (3-4%), with an optimal capital structure of c2x net debt/EBITDA. Note
that the target of 2x is not a straight-jacket, ie, if net debt/EBITDA falls below 2x, it will not
automatically trigger a share buy-back. As the company delevers below 2x, we would
expect the business to maintain a net debt / EBITDA ratio through a combination of high
dividends and share buybacks.
Pause for breath as delever but
not the end of the M&A story
Castel transaction provides an
attractive ‘boomerang’
transaction
USD 100bn revenue target does
not necessarily require
significant M&A outside of SAB
associate businesses
Beer vs non-beer?
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M&A has created significant value M&A boom – the past 20 years
The past 20 years has witnessed an M&A boom within the beer industry. The table below
shows that EBITDA from Interbrew (USD 198m) and Brahma (USD 231m) has grown 60x
from 1990 to 2015.
Chart 24: Top 10 global brewers 1990
Volume (mhl), EBITDA (USDm)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
Chart 25: Top 10 global brewers 2015
Volume (mhl), EBITDA (USDm)
Source: Jefferies estimates (Asahi includes alcoholic beverages &
overseas divisions)
With significant value creation
Deal synergies have been a key driver beer company profit growth following the crisis.
ABI’s margins have increased from 26.1% in 2004 to 38.6% in 2015.
Chart 26: EBITDA margin trend 2004-15
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
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M&A after SABMiller M&A likely to be less meaningful than the past…
Following the SABMiller transaction, ABI’s ability to create value through future beer M&A
is reduced. This largely reflects regulatory issues and a lack of further material targets that
could move the dial.
Chart 27: Beer volume market shares pre ABISAB transaction
Source: Jefferies estimates, Euromonitor
Chart 28: Beer volume market shares post ABISAB transaction
Source: Jefferies estimates, Euromonitor
….however, M&A remains a core competency for the group…
Although there are fewer obvious targets within the beer space for ABI, we believe that
M&A will remain a core competency for ABI. Indeed, reaching a goal of USD 100bn by
2022 per the Dream Incentive Plan would imply some impact from M&A. We show below
the impact of tidying up SABMiller’s associate positions in Castel and Anadolu and how
these moves help to bridge the gap towards the USD 100bn target.
…and a preference for beer assets
Per CEO Carlos Brito, "we've always done it within beer. We don't believe in going too
much outside beer. That makes the likelihood of success in integration higher." Source
Reuters. Link to Reuters article: AB InBev plays down talk of move beyond beer
ABI BB
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Castel Group Company description – top four brewer in Africa
Castel Group is one of the top-four brewers in Africa with a particularly strong footprint in
northern Africa. It has exposure to 21 countries in Africa, with 15 of these markets also
producing Coca-Cola products.
Complex cross-holding agreement with SABMiller
In 2001, Castel and SABMiller undertook an equity swap: SAB acquired 20% of Castel,
while the remaining 80% is owned by the Castel family; in return Castel received 39% of
SABMiller’s African subsidiary (ex-South Africa and Namibia). Since 2001, a number of
other businesses have been acquired including Algeria (40% effective interest) and
Morocco (40%). Therefore, SABMiller’s effective interest in Castel is greater than 20% - we
estimate closer to 25%.
Pre-emptive rights over the business
In January 2012, SABMiller announced that it had implemented a number of
organisational changes in its African operations, as part of a review of its strategic alliance
with the Castel Group. This included a change in management control over Nigeria (to
SABMiller) and Angola (to Castel) as well as a change to the terms of the strategic alliance
agreement to encourage sharing of best practice and technical expertise. Further, a more
precise methodology was put in place for the existing mutual pre-emptive rights over the
groups' respective beverage operations in Africa (excluding South Africa and Namibia).
We believe that SABMiller has right of first refusal on the Castel business in the event
Castel wants to sell, and we understand that the 2012 agreement locks in the heirs to the
business to this first right of refusal.
Structure of transaction - tranches rather than piecemeal assets
Note there is a scenario whereby the heirs to the business would look to sell equity stakes
in Castel through tranches rather than an outright transaction to transfer their full stake in
the business to ABI-SAB. However, we do not think that discrete assets or geographies
would be sold off individually given the existing cross-shareholding agreement between
SABMiller and Castel.
Relationship with ABI-SAB
On the analyst conference call 30 August 2016, ABI management indicated that the
relationship with Castel is a “very important” one. Although Mark Bowman, SABMiller
head of Africa since 2007, will not be part of the management team post the acquisition,
we wonder whether a relationship has been developed at the reference shareholder level
with the Belgian and Brazilian families courting Pierre Castel.
Timing of Castel acquisition?
Trying to second guess the timing of a Castel deal is not straightforward. We wonder
whether there is a scenario whereby ABI-SAB looks to capitalise on the continued low
interest rate environment, which argues for a buyout of the Castel business sooner than
later, for instance before 2020.
By 2020, the synergy programme will be nearing the end of its completion with
SABMiller fully integrated
We estimate 2020 net debt to EBITDA will be 2.9x. Gearing back up to 4x
represents acquisition firepower of over USD 35bn. From a cashflow
perspective, the buy-out of Castel represents approximately two years FCF for
ABI.
Relationship with Pierre Castel
likely fostered at the Reference
Shareholder level
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Estimating Castel profits
It is not straightforward trying to derive a clean profit number for Castel given the cross
holding agreements between SABMiller and Castel. In addition to the Castel associate,
the associate line includes SABMiller’s 40% stake in Zimbabwean associate Delta and also
SABMiller’s 27% stake in Distell.
We estimate that Castel’s share of SABMiller’s subsidiary business in 2016E (F17E) is USD
257m and Castel’s share of the Africa associate business is USD 1.4bn.
Table 23: Castel – estimated profits
F15 F16 F17E F18E F19E
(USDm unless otherwise given) 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E
SUBSIDIARY:
South Africa 939 837
Legacy Africa 532 475 522 575 632
Africa subsidiary division EBIT 1,471 1,312
Amortisation
South Africa - -
Legacy Africa 9 15 17 18 20
Africa subsidiary division Amortisation 9 15
Depreciation
South Africa 156 141
Legacy Africa 119 108 119 131 144
Africa subsidiary division Depreciation 275 249
Subsidiary
EBIT - 100% 522 575 632
D&A - 100% 135 149 164
EBITDA - 100% 658 724 796
Castel's share 39% 39% 39%
Castel's share of Africa subsidiary EBITDA 257 282 310
ASSOCIATE:
Africa associate division EBIT 427 381 419 461 507
Less Delta - 40% interest 44 38 42 46 51
Less Distell - 27% stake 40 40 42 44 46
Castel associate EBIT 343 303 335 371 410
Share of Castel - amortisation 0 0 0 0 0
Share of Castel - depreciation 121 120 132 145 160
Share of Castel - EBITDA 464 423 467 516 570
Castel EBITDA - gross up to 100% 1,856 1,692 1,869 2,064 2,279
Castel's share of Africa associate EBITDA 1,392 1,269 1,402 1,548 1,709
Source: Company Data, Jefferies estimates
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Valuation range – between USD 29-33bn
We estimate a valuation range of between USD 25-28bn for 75% of the Castel associate
business that is not owned and approximately USD 4.5-5bn to buy out Castel’s 39%
subsidiary in SABMiller’s Africa division subsidiary (ex-South Africa and Namibia). We use a
range of 16-18x one year forward EBITDA.
This would imply a total valuation of between USD 29-33bn to buy-out Castel.
Table 24: Valuation range – buy-out of Castel’s subsidiary and associate businesses
F15 F16 F17E F18E F19E
(USDm unless otherwise given) 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E
Castel subsidiary - valuation range
EBITDA Multiple
16 4,105 4,516 4,967
17 4,362 4,798 5,278
18 4,618 5,080 5,588
Castel associate - valuation range
EBITDA Multiple
16 22,427 24,770 27,351
17 23,829 26,318 29,061
18 25,230 27,866 30,770
TOTAL - valuation range
EBITDA Multiple
16 26,532 29,285 32,319
17 28,190 31,116 34,339
18 29,849 32,946 36,359
Source: Company Data, Jefferies estimates
Access to growth…
The full acquisition of the business would give SAB a strong position across fast-growing
African nations. It would increase ABISAB’s pro-forma profit exposure to Africa from 7% to
14%.
…and opportunity to drive margins
With its existing stake (c25%) in the Castel associate business, SAB already has some
operational ties however we believe that there is limited integration of business practices
between SABMiller and Castel. The F16 Africa associate EBIT margin is 20.9% vs
SABMiller’s subsidiary margin 26.1%. Therefore there is an opportunity for the business
to be made more profitable. We believe that over the medium-term, the margin here
could be doubled. For the associate business, we estimate that this could add as much as
11% to ABI earnings.
Table 25: : Buy-out of Castel associate – illustrative accretion analysis
2017E
Castel associate business - not owned (EBIT) 371
Gross up to 100% 1,483
Assume doubling of profitability 2,967
Consideration - 18x EBITDA 27,866
Interest c.4% 1,115
EBIT - 100% Castel 2,967
less interest - c.4% (1,115)
Pre-tax profit 1,852
Tax - c.25% (463)
Strip out existing post tax equity income from Castel associate (222)
Pro-forma incremental net income 1,167
ABISAB net income 10,950
Accretion 11%
Source: Jefferies estimates
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We would view the buyout of the subsidiary Africa business (39% that is not owned) as a
wash from an earnings perspective. We expect the deconsolidation of the minority
interest charge associated with Castel 39% share of SABMiller’s on-SA based Africa
subsidiary being offset by interest. Given that ABISAB will already have control of this
business, we do not see a synergy opportunity from 100% ownership.
Anadolu Efes Company description
Turkish brewer Anadolu Efes is controlled by the Anadolu Group (43% stake); the Yazivci
families have 23.6% and Ozilhan families 13.5%. SABMiller has a 24% stake in the
business following the transfer of its Russian and Ukrainian beer businesses to Anadolu
Efes in 2012 (approximate value at transaction value USD 1.9bn).
Beer and soft drinks – largely Turkey and CIS
The business is comprised of a soft drinks business (Turkey, C Asia, Iraq, Pakistan), a
Turkey beer business and International beer business (predominately Russia and Ukraine).
Anadolu is the number-one brewer in Turkey, with a 69% share and a 15% share in
Russian beer. The company also owns a controlling stake in the Coke bottler Coca-Cola
Icecek, the Coke bottler in Turkey, Iraq, Pakistan and other territories in the CIS and
Middle East. After adjusting for the CCI minority interest (Anadolu owns 50% in soft drinks
associate CCI) group EBITDA is split approximately 41% soft drinks, Turkey beer 33%,
International beer 25%.
Pre-emptive rights
We believe that both parties have the right of first refusal at fair market value in the event
of either party seeking to sell any shares in Anadolu Efes.
Rationale for ABI
Although regulation remains a risk in Turkey, consumption per capita is low and should
offer scope for expansion over the medium term as the country westernises. There has
been some exchange of best practices between SABMiller and Efes, in particular in
restoring profitability in Russia, however we believe that ownership under ABI would drive
further cost savings in particular around procurement. In Russia, the combination of ABI’s
business (11% per Euromonitor) and Efes (15%) would also drive cost savings.
Consolidation of Russian beer could also lead to a more rational pricing environment.
The soft drinks business offers significant medium term growth given low per capita
consumption of soft drinks in key territories, favourable demographics and an attractive
medium term macro outlook.
Total consideration
Purchase of the outstanding 76% stake in Anadolu Efes, assuming a 25% premium to the
current share price, would imply an equity value of USD 4.6bn (for 100% of the business)
and enterprise value 6.0bn including debt. Note, that this assumes no change in the
ownership structure of CCI (current 50.3% stake). We estimate that this transaction would
be low single digit accretive.
The buyout of Efes would
provide greater access to longer
term growth however the
impact on earnings is unlikely
to be material
ABI BB
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Disposals As part of the ABISAB transaction, outstanding disposals include the sale of CE European
beer business (value GBP 5bn per cityam 5 June) and Distel (value USD 0.7bn), amongst
others.
African soft drinks: On 2 July 2016, the Coca-Cola Beverages Africa transaction
received regulatory approval. CCBA will produce and distribute 40% of Coca-Cola
volumes in Africa with operations in 14 countries. SABMiller has a 54% stake in CCBA
(longer term 57%).
Per SABMiller’s F16 annual report, “a change of control of the company would give The Coca-Cola Company certain rights under its bottling agreements with various subsidiaries
of the company” which would be triggered by the acquisition of SABMiller by ABI.
We believe that KO has the right to take back the bottling license from CCBA (in practice,
this is not feasible given that the license agreement serves the entire CCBA business)
however it is not clear whether KO could force a sale of ABI’s stake in CCBA.
Valuing the CCBA stake: In 2013, CCBA had EBITA of USD 505m. We estimate F16E
EBITDA USD 700m. Applying a multiple of between 12-15x EBITDA would imply a
valuation for 100% of EV of USD 8-11bn, with SABMiller’s 53.7% stake (rising to 57%)
worth USD 4.5-6.7bn.
There is still some tidying up of
assets as part of the disposals
process. We would not view
these as material
ABI BB
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Deal appraisal The acquisition of SABMiller represented an opportunistic move, we would argue, at a time
when emerging market volatility was high and SABMiller on the cusp of embarking on a
value-creative, multi-year efficiency programme with the support of a new Chairman & CFO.
Given the scale and complexity of the SABMiller transaction, it should not be surprising that
certain parts of the acquisition are less favourable than initially anticipated, in particular the
end multiple paid for the business post disposals as well as the returns analysis. In
comparison to the headline multiple of 17.3x pre-synergies, we calculate a multiple of 20.9x
for the business post disposals and other items. Note, this 20.9x multiple drops to 16.3x after
USD 1.4b synergies and 13.0x post Jefferies estimated synergies USD 3.0bn.
We estimate that the deal becomes EVA positive in year 5 however after taking into account
the other costs associated with the transaction such as capital gains tax payable on the sale
of SABMiller’s 58% stake in MillerCoors (we estimate USD 4.5bn) and the Australia
termination fee (USD 0.2bn) to Lion Nathan (Kirin), we estimate that the deal covers its cost
of capital by year 6.
On earnings, we see the deal as 9% earnings accretive by year 3 with the company net debt
to EBITDA falling 0.4x per annum from F17 4.1x.
Table 26: Transaction multiple - reconciliation
Description Reference Synergies Multiple
Initial GBP 44 offer
Headline EV /EBITDA Table 27 16.9x
Pro-forma EV /EBITDA (USD 1.4bn synergies as disclosed) Table 27 USD 1.4bn 14.1x
Pro-forma EV /EBITDA (USD 3.0bn synergies per Jefferies) Table 27 USD 3.0bn 11.9x
Revised GBP 45 offer
Headline EV /EBITDA Table 28 17.3x
Pro-forma EV /EBITDA (USD 1.4bn synergies as disclosed) Table 28 USD 1.4bn 14.4x
Pro-forma EV /EBITDA (USD 3.0bn synergies per Jefferies) Table 28 USD 3.0bn 12.1x
Transaction multiples for disposals
Implied multiple on disposals Table 29 10.5x
Pro-forma multiples post disposals & other*
Pro-forma EV /EBITDA Table 30 20.9x
Pro-forma EV /EBITDA (USD 1.4bn synergies as disclosed) Table 30 USD 1.4bn 16.3x
Pro-forma EV /EBITDA (USD 3.0bn synergies per Jefferies) Table 30 USD 3.0bn 13.0x
Source: Jefferies estimates * Capital gains payable in US & Australia termination fee
What multiple is ABI paying for SABMiller? Initial headline multiple – attractive (GBP 44 offer)
We estimate a headline EV to EBITDA multiple (based on SABMiller F16A EBITDA) 16.9x
which drops to a 14.1x multiple including USD 1.4bn synergies and 11.9x including
Jefferies estimate of USD 3.0bn synergies (pre-disposals). Refer to Table 27 for details.
Headline multiple – post the raised GBP 45 offer
On 26 July 2016, ABI announced a pre-emptive revised final offer for SABMiller following
shareholder concerns about the deal’s valuation given GBP weakness following Britain’s
vote to leave the EU.
Cash offer: increased from GBP 44 to 45 per share
PSA: ABI restricted shares and GBP 4.6588 in cash vs previous GBP 3.7788
We calculate this increases the headline multiple from 16.9x to 17.3x , which then drops
to 14.4x post USD 1.4bn announced synergies and 12.1x post Jefferies USD 3bn synergy
target (pre-disposals). Refer to Table 28.
9% accretive by year 3 but EVA
positive only by year 6
Headline multiple for GBP 45
per cash of 17.3x dropping to
14.4x with USD 1.4bn synergies
and 12.1x with USD 3bn
synergies
20.9x EBITDA multiple for
SABMiller post disposals, but
after synergies this drops to
13.0x…
…however stub business should
command a higher multiple
given (a) ownership, (b)
growth, (c) strong market
positions and (d) optionality on
remaining associates
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 55 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Table 27: Transaction EV / EBITDA multiple (pre-disposals)
– offer GBP 44 per share
(USDm unless otherwise stated)
SABMiller cash (GBP per share) 44.00
Equity element of PSA (GBP per share) 35.12
Cash element of PSA (GBP per share) 3.78
SABMiller equity (GBP per share) 38.90
SABMiller blended (GBP per share) 41.86
No of shares (m) 1,655
Equity value – GBPm 69,259
GBP/USD 1.53
Equity value – USDm 105,966
SABMiller F16A net debt 9638
Minority interest 4,496
Enterprise value 120,100
F16A Group EBITDA 7,097
Headline EV to EBITDA 16.9x
Estimated potential synergies - as disclosed 1,400
Pro-forma EBITDA 8,497
Pro-forma EV to EBITDA 14.1x
Estimated potential synergies - Jefferies 3,000
Pro-forma EBITDA 10,097
Jefferies pro-forma EV to EBITDA 11.9x
Source: Jefferies estimates
Table 28: Transaction EV / EBITDA multiple (pre-disposals)
– revised offer GBP 45 per share
(USDm unless otherwise stated)
SABMiller cash (GBP per share) 45.00
Equity element of PSA (GBP per share) 35.12
Cash element of PSA (GBP per share) 4.66
SABMiller equity (GBP per share) 39.78
SABMiller blended (GBP per share) 42.81
No of shares (m) 1,655
Equity value - GBPm 70,830
GBP/USD 1.53
Equity value - USDm 108,370
SABMiller F16A net debt 9638
Minority interest 4,496
Enterprise value 122,504
F16A Group EBITDA 7,097
Headline EV to EBITDA 17.3x
Estimated potential synergies - as disclosed 1,400
Pro-forma EBITDA 8,497
Pro-forma EV to EBITDA 14.4x
Estimated potential synergies - Jefferies 3,000
Pro-forma EBITDA 10,097
Jefferies pro-forma EV to EBITDA 12.1x
Source: Jefferies estimates
Note, in the above calculation we assume a share price of GBP 35.12 for the equity
element of the PSA, which is the value of the equity element of the PSA on 6 October
2015, ahead of ABI’s proposal 7 October 2015 to SABMiller. This compares to the value of
the PSA on 10 November 2015, ahead of the agreement offer announcement 11
November 2015, of 38.07 and the current value of the PSA post Brexit is over GBP 50.
Given share price movements and currency fluctuations, we believe it is fair to use a
relatively undisturbed ABI share price when trying to back-out the multiple paid for
SABMiller. We also a GBP/USD rate of 1.53 in line with ABI’s hedging arrangements.
Disposals – assets sold for a lower multiple (10.5x)
ABI has carried out a number of disposals to achieve regulatory approval for the
transaction, subject to the successful acquisition of SABMiller. This includes the following:
USA – sale of 58% stake in MillerCoors JV for USD 12bn. This includes USD 70m
of Miller international profit and USD 2.4bn net present value of cash tax benefit
(USD 250m pa over 15 years). Consideration USD 12bn.
Peroni, Grolsch, Meantime and associated businesses in Italy, the Netherlands,
UK and internationally to Asahi. Consideration EUR 2.55bn.
Sale of SABMiller’s 49% stake in CR Snow Breweries to China Resources Beer.
Stake is valued at USD 1.6bn.
Sale of residual CE European assets. In exchange for EU clearance, ABI is
committed to selling SABMiller’s businesses in Hungary, Romania, Czech
Republic, Slovakia and Poland. A number of potential bidders have been cited,
including Canada’s mounted police force and private equity. Per cityam 5 June
2016, the assets are valued at GBP 5bn. We assign a valuation of USD 6.7bn,
based on a 10x EBITDA multiple. This transaction is outstanding.
Leakage from disposals sold at a
lower multiple
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 56 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
We estimate that the aggregate multiple for the disposals process is approximately 10.5x
EBITDA with a range between 5.1x for the disposal of the 49% stake in CR Snow to 21.5x
for the disposal of Peroni, Grolsch and Meantime to Asahi.
Table 29: Transaction multiples for disposals
(USDm unless otherwise stated)
N.America - sale to MillerCoors
EBITDA 1,079
Consideration 12,000
EV to EBITDA - pre-TAP synergies (cost and tax) 11.1x
Sale of Peroni, Grolsch, Meantime to Asahi
est EBITDA 133
Consideration 2,856
Consideration – EURm 2,550
EV to EBITDA 21.5x
Sale of SABMiller's interest in CR Snow
est EBITDA 314
Consideration 1,600
EV to EBITDA 5.1x
Asset swap in Latam Not material
Proposed sale of European CEE Assets
2016 Europe subsidiary EBITDA est 831
Less: assets to be sold to Asahi 133
Less: Canary Islands 30
Residual subsidiary EBITDA 668
Multiple 10x
Implied consideration 6,680
TOTAL
Proceeds from disposals 23,136
EBITDA of disposed assets 2,194
Implied multiple on disposals 10.5x
Source: Jefferies estimates
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 57 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Headline multiple of 20.9x post disposals but 13.0x after disposals and
synergies
Taking into account the lower multiple assigned to those assets being disposed, the
revised offer to GBP 45 per share and other considerations (e.g. Australia termination fee
and capital gain in the US on the disposal of MillerCoors), we estimate a headline multiple
of 20.9x, dropping to 16.3x post the USD 1.4bn synergies and 13.0x post Jefferies
estimate of USD 3.0bn of synergies.
Table 30: Pro-forma EV / EBITDA multiple post disposals
Pro-forma SABMiller deal
F16 group EBITDA 7,097
EBITDA of disposed assets -2,194
Incremental EBITDA from Australia 75
Pro-forma EBITDA 4,978
SAB EV 122,504
Proceeds from disposals -23136
Subtotal EV 99,368
Add back:
- Australia termination fee to Lion 223
- capital gain in US 4,500
Pro-forma EV 104,091
Pro-forma EV to EBITDA 20.9x
Pro-forma EV to EBITDA - after disclosed synergy est (USD 1.4bn) 16.3x
Pro-forma EV to EBITDA - after Jefferies synergy est (USD 3bn) 13.0x
Source: Jefferies estimates
Other costs:
We add back the one-off costs of USD 223m for the termination fee payable to
Lion Nathan in Australia for the return of the import brand portfolio (we estimate
EBITDA USD 75m here).
As part of the disposals process, ABI has sold the 58% stake in MillerCoors to
Molson Coors for USD 12bn. Note that net proceeds from the divestiture are
expected to be USD 7.5bn based on an estimated statutory tax rate 37.5%
(source p.149 of the EUR 40bn medium term note programme debt prospectus
13 January 2016), therefore we have added back USD 4.5bn to the pro-forma
EV. We do not take into consideration at this stage potential for tax planning. We
would highlight that SABMiller paid USD 5.6bn for Miller Brewing Company in
2002, split USD 3.6bn stock and USD 2bn debt therefore we believe this leakage
reflects a reasonable estimate of the capital gain payable on the asset.
But – higher quality assets deserve a higher multiple…
We would argue that the assets that ABI has retained from the SABMiller transaction are
high quality assets with market leading positions across an attractive developing market
footprint in Africa and Latam, with Australia providing strong free cash flow generation.
Unlike most of the assets sold during the disposals process, these stub businesses are
100% controlled by ABI. Further, the stub business offers optionality around retained
associate positions such as Castel and Anadolu Efes. Therefore, the pro forma 20.9x
headline multiple should be seen within this context.
All-in headline multiple of
20.9x after disposals and one-
offs including a capital gain in
the US
But stub business should
command a higher multiple
given (a) ownership, (b)
growth, (c) strong market
positions and (d) optionality on
remaining associates
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 58 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Chart 29: Historic EV /EBITDA multiples
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
Within beer, the multiple represents a higher multiple compared to recent beer deals.
Chart 30: Historic Beer M&A EV/EBITDA multiples
2008 - Present
Source: Jefferies estimates
Chart 31: Historic Beer M&A EV/EBITDA multiples
1999 - 2008
Source: Jefferies estimates
Date Bidder Target EV/EBITDA
TBC Asahi SABMiller (Peroni, Grolsch) 21.5x
TBC CR Holdings SABMiller (CR Snow 49% stake) 5.1x
TBC Molson Coors SABMiller (Miller Coors 58% stake) 11.1x
Nov-15 ABI SABMiller 17.3x
Oct-15 Heineken Diageo (Desnoes & Geddes) n/a
Oct-15 Heineken Diageo (50% GAPL) n/a
Jan-15 Carlsberg Olympic Brewery (Mythos) n/a
Oct-14 Carlsberg Eastern Assets (Chongqing) loss making
Seo-14 Crown Holdings Heineken (Empaque packaging) 12.8x
Jan-14 ABI Oriental Breweries 11.0x
Jun-13 ABI Modelo 11.7x
Jun-13 Constellation Brands Crown 9.3x
Oct-12 Heineken APB 17.1x
Jun-12 Molson Coors StarBev 11.0x
Apr-12 AmBev CND 13.1x
Jan-12 Diageo Meta Abo (Ethiopia) 20.0x
Oct-11 SABMiller Anadolu Efes 12.8x
Sep-11 SABMiller Fosters 13.1x
Aug-11 Kirin Schincariol 15.7x
Apr-11 Jinro Hite Brewery 8.1x
Jul-10 Kirin Fraser & Neave 11.4x
Jun-10 Carlsberg Chongquing Brewery 45.0x
Mar-10 Anadolu Efes Efes Breweries 7.3x
Jan-10 Heineken FEMSA 11.2x
Aug-09 C&C Group Tennent's 8.3x
May-09 KKR Oriental Brewery 8.6x
Apr-09 Kirin Lion Nathan 12.5x
Jun-08 InBev Anheuser-Busch 12.4x
Jun-08 Anheuser-Busch Modelo 12.1x
Jan-08 Heineken /Carlsberg Scottish & Newcastle 15.3x
Date Bidder Target EV/EBITDA
Nov-07 SABMiller Grolsch 14.6x
Aug-06 Sapporo Sleeman 15.1x
Jan-06 InBev Fuijan Sedrin 12.8x
Aug-05 Heineken PIT Ivan Taranov 18.7x
Jul-05 SABMiller Bavaria 10.1x
Jul-04 Coors Molson 10.4x
Jun-04 Anheuser-Busch Harbin 18.9x
Mar-04 Interbrew Ambev 11.7x
Mar-04 AmBev Interbrew (labatt assets) 10.8x
Jan-04 Carlsberg Holsten-Braueri 11.0x
Sep-03 Interbrew Spaten 8.9x
May-03 SABMiller Birra Peroni 12.6x
May-03 Scottish & Newcastle Central de Cervejas 9.6x
May-03 Heineken BBAG (Brau Union) 10.2x
Nov-02 Interbrew Brauergilde Hannover 8.6x
May-02 SAB Miller 9.3x
Mar-02 Molson Kaiser 12.8x
Feb-02 Scottish & Newcastle Hartwall 10.1x
Feb-02 Heineken Bravo 13.0x
Dec-01 Adolph Coors Carling Brewers 9.0x
Nov-01 SAB Caerveceria Hondurena 8.8x
Aug-01 Interbrew Beck's 12.4x
Nov-00 Carlsberg Feldscholosschen 6.9x
Jun-00 Interbrew Bass 9.7x
May-00 Interbrew Whitbread 9.7x
Mar-00 Scottish & Newcastle Kronenbourg 11.4x
1999-2005 Inbev Sun Interbrew 10.3x
Oct-99 SAB Pilsner Urquell /Radegast 13.9x
Jul-99 Brahma Antartica 8.3x
Jun-99 Heineken Cruzcampo 16.3x
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 59 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Key transaction metrics Cost of capital: EVA positive in year 5-6
We believe that the company’s internal target is to meet the cost of capital by year 3,
however for certain acquisitions the company has previously been more flexible.
Assuming a hurdle rate of 7% on the acquired business, we would expect that ABI is
broadly able to cover its cost of capital by year 5 after taking into consideration disposals.
However, after taking into account the other costs associated with the transaction such as
capital gains tax payable on the sale of SABMiller’s 58% stake in MillerCoors (we estimate
USD 4.5bn) and the Australia termination fee (USD 0.2bn)to Lion Nathan (Kirin), we
estimate that the deal is EVA neutral by year 6.
Chart 32: EVA calculation on the deal
Source: Jefferies estimates
Earnings accretion: 9% by year 3
We estimate that the transaction is 9% earnings accretive by year three. Trying to
disentangle a clean pre-SABMiller earnings figure is not straightforward given the
financing charges associated with the deal. For the purposes of this analysis, we assume
4% EPS growth per annum on F15 standalone clean EPS – this reflects 3% reported EBIT
growth in 1H16, given adverse forex, with some operating leverage through the income
statement from deleveraging. We strip out the pre-funding financing charges for F16 to
provide a clean, undisturbed base for F17. We assume the business grows at mid-single
digits EPS (in USD) thereafter, in the absence of the transaction.
Chart 33: Illustrative earnings accretion F17-20E
Source: Jefferies estimates
Yr 1 Yr 2 Yr 3 Yr 4 Yr 5 Yr 6 Yr 7
F17E F18E F19E F20E F21E F22E F23E
SABMiller group EBITA pre synergies 6,677 7,022 7,389 7,777 8,189 8,627 9,091
Disposals:
USA (958) (1,006) (1,057) (1,109) (1,165) (1,223) (1,284)
China (206) (207) (208) (209) (210) (211) (212)
Europe (716) (744) (774) (805) (837) (871) (906)
Sub-total 4,797 5,065 5,350 5,654 5,977 6,322 6,689
Cumulative synergies 1,500 2,250 2,700 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000
TOTAL 6,297 7,315 8,050 8,654 8,977 9,322 9,689
Tax rate 22% (1,385) (1,609) (1,771) (1,904) (1,975) (2,051) (2,132)
NOPAT 4,912 5,706 6,279 6,750 7,002 7,271 7,558
Enterprise value 122,504 122,504 122,504 122,504 122,504 122,504 122,504
Disposals:
- USA (12,000) (12,000) (12,000) (12,000) (12,000) (12,000) (12,000)
- China (1,600) (1,600) (1,600) (1,600) (1,600) (1,600) (1,600)
- Europe (9,536) (9,536) (9,536) (9,536) (9,536) (9,536) (9,536)
Post disposal enterprise value 99,368 99,368 99,368 99,368 99,368 99,368 99,368
Return on invested capital 4.9% 5.7% 6.3% 6.8% 7.0% 7.3% 7.6%
WACC hurdle rate 7.0% 7.0% 7.0% 7.0% 7.0% 7.0% 7.0%
Add:
- Australia termination fee to Lion 223 223 223 223 223 223 223
- capital gain in US 4,500 4,500 4,500 4,500 4,500 4,500 4,500
Fully loaded Enterprise value 104,091 104,091 104,091 104,091 104,091 104,091 104,091
Return on invested capital 4.7% 5.5% 6.0% 6.5% 6.7% 7.0% 7.3%
WACC hurdle rate 7.0% 7.0% 7.0% 7.0% 7.0% 7.0% 7.0%
F15 F16E F17E F18E F19E F20E
Previous ABI standaline estimates
ABI net income - illustrative 8,513 8,854 9,297 9,761 10,250 10,762
ABI NOSH 1,638 1,640 1,642 1,644 1,646 1,648
ABI EPS (illustrative) 5.20 5.40 5.66 5.94 6.23 6.53
Combined pro-forma net income 10,950 12,160 13,308 14,264
New shares 326 326 326 326
Combined pro-forma NOSH 1,966 1,966 1,966 1,966
Combined pro-forma EPS 5.57 6.18 6.77 7.26
Earnings accretion -1.6% 4.2% 8.7% 11.1%
Not EVA positive until year 5-
6…
….but 9% earnings accretive
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 60 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Note – we assume that a 326m new ABI shares are issued as part of the transaction, which
represents the maximum per the PSA. We would highlight that shares attributable to Altria
and Bevco per the PSA amounts to 317m.
Deleveraging profile
Despite the USD 62bn bond issuance, we estimate pro-forma F17E net debt to EBITDA of
4.1x for the combined business, after taking into account disposals of US, China and
Europe. Thereafter, we see the business deleveraging at a turn of 0.4x to 0.5x per annum
until we see the dividend growth resume.
Chart 34: ABISAB - deleveraging profile
Source: Jefferies estimates
Dividend assumptions
Given the focus on deleveraging we expect dividend growth to be modest in the first few
years after the transaction, however we do not expect the dividend to be cut.
This reflects the significant financing costs associated with the USD 62bn bond issuance,
with the company doubling up on interest payments in F16 ahead of the transaction
closing.
Chart 35: Deleveraging and dividend profile
Source: Jefferies, company data
F15 F16 F17E F18E F19E F20E
Pro-forma EBITDA 23,786 25,784 27,576 29,473
Pro-forma Net Debt (ye) (97,086) (93,098) (88,517) (84,089)
Net debt to EBITDA 4.1x 3.6x 3.2x 2.9x
€ 0.7
€ 2.4
€ 0.3 € 0.4 € 0.8
€ 1.2
€ 1.9€ 2.2
€ 3.0
€ 3.6 € 3.6 € 3.6€ 4.0 € 4.3
€ 4.7
€ 5.1€ 5.4
1.3x
1.0x
4.7x
3.7x
2.9x
2.3x1.9x
2.2x
2.3x2.5x 2.5x
4.1x3.6x
3.2x2.9x
2.5x2.2x
0.0x
1.0x
2.0x
3.0x
4.0x
5.0x
6.0x
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E
Dividend/share (EUR) Net Debt/EBITDA
We look for flattish dividends
2016-17 before rebuilding
again from 2018 as net debt to
EBITDA falls below 4.0x
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 61 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Culture – the secret sauce We believe that ABI’s culture and ownership structure sets the business apart from many of its
peers.
ABI has a strong corporate culture. It is interesting that of the 10 Guiding Principles behind
the Dream-People-Culture platform, no less than seven pertain to culture. We see a number of
similarities with the Reckitt model in terms of financial discipline, strong focus on cash, an
aggressive target-related compensation structure and speed of decision making. However,
where ABI differs is the influence of the controlling shareholders which drives an ownership
culture and a long-term view.
With over USD 100bn equity tied up in ABI, the Brazilian and Belgian reference shareholders
have a significant financial interest in the business. Their continued close involvement and
board control gives the company both the benefits of a long term view, similar to many
family controlled companies, but with the benefits of hard financial logic rather than
sentiment. Management are also deeply aligned with external shareholders given that c.1%
of ABI’s share capital is held by ABI executives.
Reference shareholder - significant skin in the game….
ABI’s reference shareholders, the Brazilian and Belgian families, have significant skin in the
game (over USD 100bn). In comparison to other global beverage family dynasties, the
Brazilian and Belgian families have more wealth tied up in ABI than the combined implied
holdings of the Heineken family (through L’Arche Green), Femsa in Heineken, the
Carlsberg Foundation, and Societe Paul Ricard in Pernod Ricard.
Table 31: Estimated wealth of European beer/spirits family dynasties
Company Family Equity interest Value
(USD bn)
ABI SAB Lehmann 10.6% 25.1
ABI SAB Telles 4.9% 11.7
ABI SAB Sicupira 3.8% 9.0
ABI SAB Belgian shareholders 24.7% 58.4
ABI SAB Altria 10.8% 25.5
ABI SAB Santo Domingo 5.7% 13.4
Heineken Group Heineken family 22.9% 11.9
Heineken Group Hoyer family 2.9% 1.5
Heineken Group Femsa 20.0% 9.9
Carlsberg Foundation 30.0% 4.4
Pernod Ricard Societe Paul Ricard 14.0% 4.2
Campari Garavoglia 51.0% 3.3
Remy Cointreau Hériard Dubreuil 47% 2.0
Remy Cointreau Cointreau 6% 0.3
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data Share prices are as at 1 September, 2016
…and still closely involved
Marcel Telles (66) was CEO of Brahma from 1989 to 1999, before the merger of Brahma
and Antartica to create Ambev, and we believe he, along with other founders Lemann and
Sicupira, are still closely involved in the business. On the Belgian side, Alexandre Van
Damme, who was previously head of strategy at Interbrew, “has a powerful voice and is
closer to the Brazilians” (source: the Guardian 9 October 2015). We believe he is still
influential on the deal-making side of the business.
ABI culture: a mix of Reckitt
financial discipline with
benefits of long term family
ownership, where hard
financial logic comes before
sentiment
Ownership culture and long
term view
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 62 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Benefits of family ownership….
We would highlight that the shareholders agreement between the Brazilian and Belgian
families has been extended a further 10 years. This offers ABI the benefits of a long term
view for strategy and value creation rather than focusing on next quarter’s earnings or
three year guidance.
…and motivated not by sentiment but by hard financial logic
Unlike some instances where companies are under family control, the reference
shareholders are driven by hard financial logic and not sentiment. The board of ABISAB
will consist of 15 directors, with nine appointed by the reference shareholder, three by the
restricted shareholder (Altria and Bevco) and three independent parties.
Management – ownership and alignment
We believe that overall 1% of the share capital is held by ABI’s executives. This equates to
approximately USD 2bn. Share ownership is strong through the company. We believe
that this ownership culture has a strong impact on behaviour. Leaders at ABI act as
owners of the business, which is very different from a group of professional executives: a
professional joins a company to build a resume; owners live with the consequences their
decisions.
Strong company culture
The company’s Guiding Principles, Dream-People-Culture, are 10 non-negotiable beliefs
that define how its employees behave. We highlight a few of the Guiding Principles
below.
People – “Our greatest strength is our people. Great people grow at the pace of their talent
and are rewarded accordingly. We recruit, develop and retain people who can be better than
ourselves. We will be judged by the quality of our teams.”
The business is not afraid of giving responsibility at a young age. The ABI school of
management has often been described as an academy. ABI rarely loses good people.
Culture – it is interesting that of the 10 Guiding Principles of Dream-People-Culture
platform, no less than seven relate to culture. We highlight a few attributes below:
- “we are never completely satisfied with our results, which are the fuel of our company. Focus
and zero complacency guarantee lasting competitive advantage” – the company is
migrating from ZBB to ZOG (zero overhead growth) and NOG (negative overhead
growth).
- “we are a company of owners. Owners take results personally”. With 1% of the shares held
by ABI’s executives, this leads to strong alignment with external shareholders.
- “we believe common sense and simplicity are usually better guidelines than unnecessary
sophistication and complexity” – when processes become overly complex, the company
will implement a “back to basics” series of quick wins to drive efficiencies such as NOG.
- “we manage our costs tightly, to free up resources that will support sustainable and
profitable top line growth”. The company aspires to convert “non-working money” into
“working money”. Note this is the only one of the 10 principles that refers to cost cutting.
- “leadership by personal example is at the core of our culture. We do what we say”. ABI is
known for its meritocratic, results driven culture.
- “we never take shortcuts. Integrity, hard work, quality and responsibility are key to building
our company”.
Management also have
significant skin in the game
ABI BB
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Comparisons with Reckitt…
There are few consumer staples stocks with a corporate culture as strong as ABI’s. Reckitt
appears to share some of the core characteristics including a focus on efficiencies,
aggressive incentives, speed of decision making, the ability to plug and play, strong local
accountability and a view that the company offers ‘the best business school training one
can get’.
….ABI – not too proud to copy
Following the BUD deal in 2008, we would highlight that ABI started to focus on working
capital improvements. The former Chairman of ABI, Peter Harf, was Deputy Chairman at
Reckitt Benckiser. ABI rolled-out a Reckitt-style approach to FCF generation. Through a
combination of aggressive targets, disciplined tracking and monitoring, core working
capital as a percentage of net revenues fell to -13.5% in 2015 from +2% in 2008. This 14%
swing accounted for over USD 6bn of cash released.
Chart 36: Core working capital (CWC) as % of net revenues
Source: Jefferies, ABI FY15 results presentation (slide 36)
…some links between Reckitt, ABI and 3G
The chairman of ABI, Olivier Goudet, is partner and CEO of JAB Holdings, which has a
7.5% stake in Reckitts and manages assets for Germany’s Reimann family. The former
Chairman of ABI, Peter Harf, was previously former Deputy Chairman of Reckitt. JAB
Holdings has invested in 3G (source WSJ 24 March 2015), which is the investment vehicle
of the three major Brazilian investors behind ABI.
….however, reference shareholder sets ABI apart from Reckitt
For a further analysis of Reckitt’s culture, refer to our food/hpc analyst’s report dated 5
August 2016. Link to note: White Space, Behind the White Noise. Reaffirming Buy
One key difference between Reckitt and ABI is the reference shareholders’ involvement in
the business. 8.5% of Reckitt is held by JAB Holdings however the Reimann family does
not control the board. At ABI, the board is controlled by the Brazilian and Belgian
shareholders and we believe they are closely involved in the business.
Some similarity with Reckitt
But ABI reference shareholder
is key difference
ABI BB
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Valuation & Risks – EUR 130 PT At 20x 2018 p/e the company trades in line with the consumer staples average. However,
given the strong FCF characteristics we estimate a FCF yield 5.3%, after deduction of minority
interests (principally to Ambev), vs the consumer average 4.9%. Given the strong FCF
characteristics, visibility on earnings growth from cost cutting, the company’s durable
competitive advantages and strong management team we believe the company deserves to
trade at a p/e premium. Our EUR 130 price implies that the company trades on a 2018 p/e of
23.4x and FCF yield 4.6%.
Chart 37: CY18 Beverages sector PE
ABI trades on a 20x PE in-line with consumer staples sector
Source: Jefferies estimates, Factset
Chart 38: CY18 Beverages sector FCF yield
ABI trades on a 5.2% FCF ahead wider consumer staples sector
Source: Jefferies estimates, Factset
Valuation
The shares trade on a cal 2018 p/e 20.1x and FCF yield 5.3%, after deduction of minority
cashflows. ABI’s p/e is broadly in line with the consumer staples average p/e 20x but the
FCF yield is ahead vs the consumer staples average FCF yield 4.9% Our EUR 130 target
price implies that the company trades on a 2018 p/e of 23.4x and FCF yield 4.6%.
Chart 39: CY17 PE vs EPS growth (CY16-18E)
ABI has sector leading growth, benefiting from the SABMiller acquisition
Source: Jefferies estimates, Factset
Trades in line with staples on
p/e but more attractive free
cash flow characteristics
warrant a higher p/e valuation
ABI BB
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Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Jefferies vs consensus Our EPS estimates are 6% ahead of FY17E consensus and 9% ahead in FY18E. We are more
constructive on cost savings (US$3bn vs guidance US$1.4bn), however we would
acknowledge that consensus may not fully incorporate the impact of the SABMiller
transaction given a number of analysts are restricted on the stock.
Table 32: ABI Jefferies vs Consensus estimates
FY16E FY17E FY18E
Jefferies Sales 42,778 57,509 59,936
Consensus 42,962 58,469 60,996
% difference 0% -2% -2%
Jefferies EBITDA 16,300 23,786 25,784
Consensus 16,570 21,899 23,536
% difference -2% 9% 10%
Jefferies EPS 3.50 5.57 6.18
Consensus 3.94 5.28 5.68
% difference -11% 6% 9%
Source: Jefferies estimates, Factset
Chart 40: Sales — 2% below in FY18E
Source: Jefferies estimates, Factset
Chart 41: EBITDA — 10% ahead FY18E
Source: Jefferies estimates, Factset
Chart 42: EPS— 9% ahead in FY18E
Source: Jefferies estimates, Factset
Chart 43: Sell-side analyst ratings — ABI remains a consensus Buy
Source: Factset (31 Aug-16)
ABI BB
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Risks Key risks to our price target include:
1. Economic conditions in the company’s main markets deteriorate
2. Significant weakening of emerging market currencies vs USD will lead to negative
translation risk, negative transactional risk on hard currency denominated input costs and
potentially a weakening of consumer sentiment which would delay the recovery of
disposable income.
3. Strategy is not executed as effectively as forecast, in particular in new territories such as
Africa where the company has limited experience of operating.
4. SABMiller transaction – risk of that the transaction is not approved at the SABMiller
shareholder vote on 28 September.
5. Market risks. De-rating of consumer staples stocks due to sector rotation. Rising bond
yields lead to de-rating of consumer staples stocks.
6. Tax and regulation. Higher than expected corporation tax rate. Potential excise tax
increases and/or restrictions on the sale of alcoholic product.
ABI BB
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13 September 2016
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Appendix 1 - ABI-SAB transaction –
details Next steps on the transaction:
Key dates are 28 September for ABI and SAB general meetings. The merger is due to
complete 10 October.
Chart 44: Next steps on the transaction
Source: Jefferies, company data
Corporate structures: standalone
Chart 45: Current corporate ownership structure
Source: Jefferies, company data (30 Aug presentation)
Expected date Event
28 September 2016* AB Inbev, SABMiller and Newbelco General Meetings
* SABMiller UK Scheme Court meeting
04 October 2016 * UK Scheme Court Sanction Hearing
05 October 2016
* Delisting of SABMiller shares on London Stock Exchange and
Johannesburg Stock Exchange
* Belgian Merger becomes effective and combination completes
07 October 2016* Delisting of SABMiller shares on London Stock Exchange and
Johannesburg Stock Exchange
10 October 2016 * Belgian Merger becomes effective and combination completes
11 October 2016* New listing of combined group on Euronext Brussels and secondary
listings in New York (ADSs), South Africa and Mexico
ABI BB
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Corporate structure: post transaction completion
Note, the PSA is limited to a maximum of 326m restricted NewbelcoShares, with Altria
and Bevco amounting to c.317m shares. The extent that elections elections for the PSA
cannot be satisfied in full, they will be scaled back pro-rata.
Chart 46: Corporate ownership structure post completion
Source: Jefferies, company data (30 Aug presentation)
ABI BB
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13 September 2016
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Appendix 2 – model Ahead of ABI providing pro-forma financials for the combined business, we have made the
following assumptions in our modelling. As a consequence, our F16E EPS is likely to be
understated by approximately 5% to reflect consolidation of SABMiller’s business from 10
October. However, this makes limited difference to our F17-19E EPS financials, which we
believe are the more meaningful years for a valuation discussion.
1. Consolidation of SABMiller’s business from 1 January 2017. There are approximately 12
trading weeks in F16. We do not consolidate this in our F16 estimates.
2. Europe – we assume the disposal of the European business, ex-Peroni, Grolsch and
Meantime and the associated assets in Italy, Netherlands and UK, from 1 January 2017.
3. Calendarisation – we have not calendarised SABMiller’s financial year. Therefore, for the
first year of full consolidation (2017) we assume this is equivalent to SABMiller’s F18 (year
ending Mar 2018).
4. Divisional reporting
a. Within Latam COPEC (legacy SABMiller business) we have not stripped out Honduras
and El Salvador, which are under 15% of legacy divisional profits. As a consequence, our
Middle Americas division is understated by USD 200-300m and Latam COPEC overstated
by USD 200-300m.
b. Asia: we have not stripped out the legacy Asia businesses from ABI (eg India, Vietnam)
which would have been booked in Asia Pac North and consolidated them into Asia Pac
South.
5. We assume that ABI will only consolidate SABMiller’s subsidiary business and not the
associate business – key remaining associates are Castel in Africa, Delta in Zimbabwe,
Distell Group in Africa, Anadolu Efes from Europe. We treat the financial contribution from
these associates as post-tax equity income from associates.
Chart 47: ABI Structure Post-Completion: Nine Zones
Source: Company data (30 Aug 2016 presentation), www.globalbrewer.com/#better-world
ABI BB
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Valuation methodology
We value ABI at EUR 130 per share. This is based on a sum-of-the-parts DCF analysis. The
respect WACC and terminal growth rates (TDR) for each division are as follows:
N.America –WACC 5.8%, TGR 1.5%. United States and Canada
Middle Americas - WACC 8.8%, TGR 2.5%. Mexico, El Salvador and Honduras
Latam North - WACC 8.8%, TGR 2.5%. Brazil, the Dominican Republic,
Guatemala,Panama, St. Vincent, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Barbados, Dominica and the Caribbean
Latam South - WACC 8.8%, TGR 2.5%. Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, Paraguay and
Bolivia
Latam COPEC - WACC 8.8%, TGR 3.0%. Colombia, Peru and Ecuador
Europe - WACC 5.8%, TGR 1.0%. UK, Ireland, France, Italy, Spain, Germany,
Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria, Ukraine, Russia and Export Europe and Middle East.
Asia Pac North – WACC 7.9%, TGR 2.5%. China, South Korea and Japan
Asia Pac South - WACC 6.0%, TGR 2.0%. Australia, New Zealand, India, Vietnam and other South and Southeast Asian countries.
Africa – WACC 8.8%, TGR 3.0%. South Africa, Botswana, Swaziland,
Mozambique, Malawi, Namibia, Zambia, Lesotho, Uganda, Ethiopia, African Islands, Tanzania, South Sudan, Kenya, Nigeria and Ghana
This results in a blended average WACC of 7.8%.
We use a target gearing level 30/70% debt/equity.
Cost of debt: we use a pre-tax cost of debt 3.5% in line with ABI’s average
coupon, tax rate 23%.
Cost of equity: we use a risk free rate 1.3% in line with UK 30 year government
bonds, equity risk premium of 6.5%.
This results in a core WACC rate of 5.8%. We then apply a 3.0% inflation
differential to emerging markets within our sum of the parts DCF to account for
the market risk premium associated with these higher growth regions.
ABI BB
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13 September 2016
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ABI: Financial Model
Table 33: ABISAB Summary Income Statement
Income Statement (USDm) 2014 2015 2016E 2016R 2017E 2018E 2019E
Net turnover 47,063 43,604 42,778 55,049 57,509 59,936 62,542
Growth (%) 9% -7% -2% 4% 4% 4%
EBITDA 18,542 16,839 16,300 21,046 23,786 25,784 27,576
Growth (%) 8% -9% -3% 13% 8% 7%
Margin (%) 39.4% 38.6% 38.1% 38.2% 41.4% 43.0% 44.1%
Margin improvement (bps) -39bp -78bp -51bp 313bp 166bp 107bp
D&A 3,234 3,071 3,159 4,121 4,373 4,647
% of sales 6.9% 7.0% 7.4% 7.2% 7.3% 7.4%
EBIT pre exceptional 15,308 13,768 13,141 17,171 19,666 21,410 22,928
Growth (%) 8% -10% -5% 15% 9% 7%
Margin (%) 32.5% 31.6% 30.7% 31.2% 34.2% 35.7% 36.7%
Margin improvement (bps) -35bp -95bp -86bp 300bp 153bp 94bp
Non recurring items above EBIT (197) 136 0 (300) (300) (300)
Net Financing costs (1,828) (1,239) (3,977) (3,556) (3,530) (3,334)
Non-recurring net finance costs (5,136) 0 0 0
Pre-tax profit 13,792 12,451 4,028 15,810 17,580 19,294
Taxation (2,499) (2,594) (2,014) (3,636) (4,043) (4,438)
Tax rate (%) 18.1% 20.8% 50.0% 23.0% 23.0% 23.0%
Associates 9 10 0 427 458 491
Minorities (2,086) (1,594) (1,498) (1,882) (2,066) (2,270)
Net income 9,216 8,273 516 10,719 11,929 13,077
Net income pre-exceptionals 8,865 8,513 5,741 10,950 12,160 13,308
Growth (%) 11.7% -4.0% -32.6% 90.7% 11.0% 9.4%
Weighted average shares 1,634 1,638 1,640 1,966 1,966 1,966
EPS 5.64 5.05 0.31 5.45 6.07 6.65
EPS pre exceptionals 5.43 5.20 3.50 5.57 6.18 6.77
Growth (%) 10.5% -4.2% -32.6% 59.1% 11.0% 9.4%
Dividends per share (USD) 3.52 3.91 3.96 3.96 4.40 4.74
Dividend payout ratio 65% 75% 113% 71% 71% 70%
Dividend growth 24.4% 11.1% 1.2% 11.0% 7.8%
Source: Company data, Jefferies estimates
ABI BB
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Table 34: ABISAB Summary Cash Flow
Cashflow (USD m) 2013A 2014A 2015A 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
EBIT 14,800 15,308 13,768 13,141 19,666 21,410 22,928
Depreciation and amortisation 2,985 3,234 3,071 3,159 4,121 4,373 4,647
Other operating (1,200) (669) (562) (562) (843) (843) (843)
Net working capital moves 866 815 1,786 800 1,351 1,351 1,351
Operating Cashflow 17,451 18,688 18,063 16,538 24,294 26,292 28,084
Interest (1,917) (2,203) (1,609) (1,900) (3,210) (3,138) (2,998)
Taxation (2,276) (2,371) (2,355) (2,014) (3,636) (4,043) (4,438)
Dividends received 606 30 22 24 266 283 303
Trading cash flow 13,864 14,144 14,121 12,648 17,714 19,393 20,951
Capital investment (3,612) (4,122) (4,337) (3,700) (4,601) (4,795) (5,003)
Free cash flow 10,252 10,022 9,784 8,948 13,113 14,599 15,947
Acquisitions / disposals (6,669) (6,700) (918) 0 (59,294) 0 0
Pre-dividend cash flow 3,583 3,322 8,866 8,948 (46,181) 14,599 15,947
Dividends paid to shareholders (4,866) (4,743) (6,300) (6,377) (7,645) (8,489) (9,148)
AMBEV minority dividends (1,387) (2,657) (1,666) (1,416) (1,529) (1,621) (1,718)
IPO proceeds/buybacks 73 83 (995) 0 0 0 0
Other (6,120) 691 45 (200) (500) (500) (500)
Net cash flow (8,717) (3,304) (50) 954 (55,856) 3,988 4,581
Opening net debt (30,114) (38,831) (42,135) (42,185) (41,231) (97,086) (93,098)
Closing net debt (38,831) (42,135) (42,185) (41,231) (97,086) (93,098) (88,517)
Ave net debt (34,472) (40,483) (42,160) (41,708) (69,158) (95,092) (90,808)
Free cash flow less AmBev 8,865 7,365 8,118 7,531 11,584 12,977 14,229
EBITDA 18,542 16,839 16,300 23,786 25,784 27,576
Net Debt EBITDA 2.3x 2.5x 2.5x 4.1x 3.6x 3.2x
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
ABI BB
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Table 35: ABISAB Summary Balance Sheet
Year end: 31 Dec (USD m) 2013 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
Non-Current Assets
PPE 20,889 20,263 18,952 22,652 27,253 32,048 37,051
Associates & investments 380 228 260 260 260 260 260
Goodwill 69,927 70,758 65,061 65,061 148,224 148,224 148,224
Intangibles 29,338 29,923 29,677 29,677 29,677 29,677 29,677
Deferred tax assets 1,180 1,058 1,181 1,181 1,181 1,181 1,181
Employee benefits 10 10 2 2 2 2 2
Trade and other receivables 1,252 1,769 1,208 1,208 1,208 1,208 1,208
122,976 124,009 116,341 120,041 207,804 212,599 217,603
Current assets
Debtors 123 301 55 54 56 59 61
Stock 2,950 2,974 2,862 2,808 2,933 3,057 3,190
Trade and other receivables 5,362 6,449 7,719 7,719 8,064 8,404 8,770
Cash 9,839 8,357 6,923 54,393 6,923 6,923 6,923
Other 416 460 735 735 735 735 735
18,690 18,541 18,294 65,709 18,711 19,178 19,679
Current liabilities
Trade, accruals & misc. (16,474) (17,909) (17,662) (17,328) (18,102) (18,866) (19,686)
Tax (1,105) (629) (669) (669) (669) (669) (669)
Other (196) (165) (220) (220) (220) (220) (220)
Current portion of LT debt (7,846) (8,505) (9,905) (9,905) (9,905) (9,905) (9,905)
(25,621) (27,208) (28,456) (28,122) (28,896) (29,660) (30,480)
Working capital (net of debt) (6,931) (8,667) (10,162) 37,587 (10,184) (10,482) (10,801)
Non-current liabilities
Provisions & other liabilities (16,235) (16,385) (15,363) (15,363) (15,363) (15,363) (15,363)
Other (3,222) (1,070) (1,556) (1,556) (1,556) (1,556) (1,556)
Minority interests (4,943) (4,285) (3,582) (3,729) (3,882) (4,041) (4,207)
Long term creditors (41,274) (43,630) (43,541) (90,057) (98,442) (94,455) (89,873)
Net assets 50,371 49,972 42,137 46,923 78,377 86,703 95,802
Capital structure
Ordinary equity funds 50,371 49,972 42,137 46,923 78,377 86,703 95,802
Shareholders' funds 50,371 49,972 42,137 46,923 78,377 86,703 95,802
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
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Chart 48: ABISAB Divisional Summary
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
Dvisional Summary FY14 FY15 Q116 Q216 H116 Q316E 9M16E Q416E H216E FY16E F16R FY17E FY18E FY19E
Volumes (m hl)
LY 446 458.8 107 117 224 122 346 111 233 457 601 612 624
Organic 2 (3) (1.8) (2.0) (3.8) (2.0) (5.9) (2.2) (4.2) (8) 11 11 12
Acq/Div 11 1 (0.7) 0.1 (0.6) 0.0 (0.6) (0.0) (1.1) (1) 0 0 0
CY 459 457.3 105 115 220 120 339 109.2 229 449 601 612 624 636
Organic % 0.6% -0.6% -1.7% -1.7% -1.7% -1.7% -1.7% -2.0% -1.8% -1.8% 1.9% 1.9% 1.9%
Sales
LY 45,483 47,063 10,453 11,052 21,505 11,375 32,880 10,723 22,097 43,603 55,049 57,509 59,936
Organic 2,664 2,930 317 444 761 390 1,151 429 819 1,580 3,275 3,403 3,610
Acq/Div 1,223 (433) (61) 27 (34) 4 (31) (3) 0 (34) 0 0 0
FX (2,306) (5,956) (1,310) (716) (2,026) (350) (2,376) 5 (345) (2,371) (816) (975) (1,004)
FX % -5.1% -12.7% -13% -6% -9% -3% -7% 0% -2% -5.4% -1.5% -1.7% -1.7%
CY 47,063 43,604 9,400 10,806 20,206 11,419 31,624 11,154 22,571 42,778 55,049 57,509 59,936 62,542
Organic % 5.9% 6.2% 3.0% 4.0% 3.5% 3.4% 3.5% 4.0% 3.7% 3.6% 5.9% 5.9% 6.0%
Price/Mix +5.3% +6.8% +4.7% +5.7% +5.2% +5.1% +5.2% +6.0% +5.5% +5.4% +4.0% +4.1% +4.1%
EBITDA
LY 17,943 18,542 3,967 4,156 8,123 4,402.8 12,526 4,313 8,715 16,839 21,046 23,786 25,784
Organic 904 1,198 85 159 243 47 290 141 188 431 1,559 1,628 1,738
Acq/Div 468 (472) (19) (35) (55) 0 (55) 22 22 (33) 0 0 0
Synergies 265 210 15 15 30 15 45 15 30 60 1,500 750 450
FX (1,038) (2,640) (586) (283) (868) (133) (1,002) 5 (128) (997) (319) (380) (396)
FX % -6% -14% -15% -7% -11% -3% -8% 0% -1% -6% -2% -2% -2%
CY 18,542 16,839 3,462 4,011 7,473 4,332 11,805 4,495 8,827 16,300 21,046 23,786 25,784 27,576
Organic % 6.5% 7.6% 2.5% 4.2% 3.4% 1.4% 2.7% 3.6% 2.5% 2.9% 14.5% 10.0% 8.5%
Margin 39.4% 38.6% 36.8% 37.1% 37.0% 37.9% 37.3% 40.3% 39.1% 38.1% 41.4% 43.0% 44.1%
EBIT
LY 14,800 15,308 3,213 3,382 6,595 3,634 10,229 3,539 7,172 13,767 17,171 19,666 21,410
Organic 732 936 (34) 80 46 49 95 95 144 190 1,252 1,302 1,388
Acq/Div 407 (496) (22) (39) (60) 0 (60) 23 23 (37) 0 0 0
Synergies 252 210 15.0 15 30 15 45 15 30 60 1,500 750 450
FX (882) (2,190) (479) (217) (696) (108) (804) (36) (143) (840) (258) (308) (320)
FX % -6.0% -14.3% -15% -6% -11% -3% -8% -1% -2% -6.1% -1.5% -1.6% -1.5%
CY 15,308 13,768 2,693 3,222 5,915 3,590 9,505 3,636 7,226 13,141 17,171 19,666 21,410 22,928
Organic % 6.6% 7.5% -0.6% 2.8% 1.2% 1.8% 1.4% 3.1% 2.4% 1.8% 16.0% 10.4% 8.6%
Margin % 32.5% 31.6% 28.6% 29.8% 29.3% 31.4% 30.1% 32.6% 32.0% 30.7% 31.2% 34.2% 35.7% 36.7%
Depreciation implied 3,234 3,071 769 790 1,559 742 2,301 858 1,600 3,159 4,121 4,373 4,647
D&A / sales 6.9% 7.0% 8.2% 7.3% 7.7% 6.5% 7.3% 7.7% 7.1% 7.4% 7.2% 7.3% 7.4%
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 75 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Chart 49: ABISAB: Middle Americas division (Mexico)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
Middle Americas (Mexico) FY14 FY15 Q116 Q216 H116 Q316E 9M16 Q416E H216E FY16E FY17E FY18E FY19E
Volumes (m hl)
LY 38.2 38.8 9.1 10.9 20.0 10.7 30.7 11.0 21.6 41.6 44.8 46.1 47.7
Organic 0.6 2.8 1.2 0.8 2.0 0.7 2.7 0.4 1.2 3.2 1.3 1.6 1.7
Acq/Div 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
CY 38.8 41.6 10.3 11.7 22.0 11.4 33.4 11.4 22.8 44.8 46.1 47.7 49.4
Organic % 1.6% 7.3% 13.0% 7.2% 9.9% 7.0% 8.9% 3.9% 5.4% 7.6% 3.0% 3.5% 3.5%
Sales
LY 4,669 4,619 893 1,055 1,948 993 2,941 1,009 2,003 3,951 3,691 3,750 3,811
Organic 256 468 144 100 244 92 336 64 156 400 258 263 267
Acq/Div (166) (387) (6) (7) (13) 0 (13) (1) (1) (13) 0 0 0
FX (139) (749) (176) (157) (333) (145) (477) (170) (314) (647) (199) (202) (205)
FX % -3% -16% -20% -18% -17% -15% -16% -17% -16% -16% -5.4% -5.4% -5.4%
CY 4,619 3,951 855 992 1,847 940 2,788 903 1,844 3,691 3,750 3,811 3,873
Organic % 5.5% 10.1% 16.1% 9.5% 12.5% 9.3% 11.4% 6.3% 7.8% 10.1% 7.0% 7.0% 7.0%
Price/Mix +3.9% +2.8% +3.1% +2.2% +2.7% +2.3% +2.6% +2.4% +2.3% +2.6% +4.0% +3.5% +3.5%
EBITDA
LY 1,940 2,186.3 417 569 986 513 1,499 508 1,020 2,007 1,828 1,894 1,962
Organic 130 158 28 21 49 36 85 35 71 120 165 170 157
Acq/Div (82) (168) (12) (24) (36) 0 (36) 0 0 (36) 0 0 0
Synergies 265 210 15 15 30 15 45 15 30 60 0 0 0
FX (66) (380) (77) (81) (158) (75) (233) (90) (165) (323) (98) (102) (106)
FX % -3% -17% -18% -14% -16% -15% -16% -18% -16% -16% -5% -5% -5%
CY 2,186 2,007 371 500 871.3 489 1,360 468 957 1,828 1,894 1,962 2,014
Organic % 20.4% 16.9% 10.3% 6.6% 8.0% 10.0% 8.7% 9.8% 9.9% 9.0% 9.0% 9.0% 8.0%
Margin 47.3% 50.8% 43.4% 50.4% 47.2% 52.0% 48.8% 51.8% 51.9% 49.5% 50.5% 51.5% 52.0%
EBIT
LY 1,557 1,791 329 484 813 432 1,244 425 857 1,669 1,516 1,571 1,628
Organic 110 145 20 14 34 28 62 28 56 90 136 141 130
Acq/Div (74) (160) (12) (24) (36) 0 (36) 0 0 (36) 0 0 0
Synergies 252 210 15 15 30 15 45 15 30 60 0 0 0
FX (54) (316) (60) (68) (128) (63) (191) (76) (139) (267) (82) (85) (88)
FX % -3.5% -17.6% -18% -14% -15.8% -14.6% -15.4% -17.9% -16.2% -16.4% -5.4% -5.4% -5.4%
CY 1,791 1,669 292 420 712.6 412 1,124 392 804 1,516 1,571 1,628 1,670
Organic % 23.3% 19.8% 10.6% 6.1% 7.9% 10.0% 8.6% 10.0% 10.0% 9.0% 9.0% 9.0% 8.0%
Margin% 38.8% 42.3% 34.2% 42.4% 38.6% 43.8% 40.3% 43.4% 43.6% 41.1% 41.9% 42.7% 43.1%
Margin development 349bp -118bp 81bp 82bp 42bp
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 76 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Chart 50: ABISAB: LatAm North division (Brazil)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
Latam North (Brazil) FY14 FY15 Q116 Q216 H116 Q316E 9M16E Q416E H216E FY16E FY17E FY18E FY19E
Volumes (m hl)
LY 120.4 125.4 31.3 27.5 58.8 29.4 88.2 35.3 64.7 123.5 117.6 119.9 122.4
Organic 5.0 (2.0) (2.3) (1.3) (3.6) (1.3) (4.9) (1.6) (2.9) (6.5) 2.4 2.4 2.4
Acq/Div 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0
CY 125.4 123.5 29.1 26.6 55.8 28.1 83.9 33.7 61.8 117.6 119.9 122.4 124.8
Organic % 4.1% -1.6% -7.3% -4.7% -6.1% -4.5% -5.6% -4.5% -4.5% -5.3% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0%
Sales
LY 11,010 11,269 2,489 1,995 4,484 2,127 6,610 2,486 4,613 9,096 8,874 9,849 10,931
Organic 1,201 984 (48) 35 (14) 21 8 32 54 40 887 985 1,093
Acq/Div 5 1 13 60 73 0 73 1 1 73 0 0 0
FX (948) (3,157) (610) (224) (834) 126 (709) 374 499 (335) 88 97 108
FX % -9% -28% -25% -11% -19% 6% -11% 15% 11% -4% 1% 1% 1%
CY 11,269 9,096 1,844 1,865 3,708 2,273 5,982 2,893 5,166 8,874 9,849 10,931 12,132
Organic % 10.9% 8.7% -1.9% 1.7% -0.3% 1.0% 0.1% 1.3% 1.2% 0.4% 10.0% 10.0% 10.0%
Price/Mix +6.8% +10.3% +5.4% +6.4% +5.8% +5.5% +5.7% +5.8% +5.7% +5.7% +8.0% +8.0% +8.0%
EBITDA
LY 5,859 5,742 1,267 904 2,171 1,046 3,217 1,491 2,538 4,709 4,470 5,006 5,606
Organic 375 657 (43) (10) (53) (10) (63) (22) (32) (85) 492 551 617
Acq/Div 2 0 5 15 20 0 20 0 0 20 0 0 0
Synergies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FX (495) (1,690) (313) (89) (402) 62 (341) 167 229 (173) 44 49 55
FX % -8% -29% -25% -10% -19% 6% -11% 11% 9% -4% 1% 1% 1%
CY 5,742 4,709 916 819 1,735.3 1,098 2,833 1,637 2,735 4,470 5,006 5,606 6,278
Organic % 6.4% 11.4% -3.4% -1.1% -2.4% -1.0% -2.0% -1.4% -1.3% -1.8% 11.0% 11.0% 11.0%
Margin 51.0% 51.8% 49.7% 43.9% 46.8% 48.3% 47.4% 56.6% 52.9% 50.4% 50.8% 51.3% 51.7%
EBIT
LY 5,151 4,979 1,092 718 1,809 872 2,682 1,339 2,211 4,020 3,712 4,157 4,656
Organic 257 500 (83) (33) (116) (26) (142) (38) (65) (180) 408 457 512
Acq/Div 2 0 5 15 20 0 20 (0) (0) 20 0 0 0
Synergies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FX (431) (1,458) (260) (64) (324) 52 (272) 124 176 (148) 37 41 46
FX % -8% -29% -24% -9% -18% 6% -10% 9% 8% -4% 1% 1% 1%
CY 4,979 4,020 754 636 1,390.3 897 2,288 1,424 2,322 3,712 4,157 4,656 5,214
Organic % 5.0% 10.0% -7.6% -4.6% -6.4% -3.0% -5.3% -2.9% -2.9% -4.5% 11.0% 11.0% 11.0%
Margin% 44.2% 44.2% 40.9% 34.1% 37.5% 39.5% 38.2% 49.2% 44.9% 41.8% 42.2% 42.6% 43.0%
Margin development 2bp -237bp 38bp 38bp 38bp
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 77 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Chart 51: ABISAB: LatAm South division (Argentina)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
Latam South (USD m) FY14 FY15 Q116 Q216 H116 Q316E 9M16E Q416E H216E FY16E FY17E FY18E FY19E
Volumes (m hl)
LY 36.918 36.8 10.1 7.8 17.9 7.8 25.7 10.3 18.1 36.0 32.4 33.0 33.7
Organic (0.1) (0.6) (0.5) (1.1) (1.6) (0.4) (2.0) (0.5) (0.9) (2.5) 0.6 0.7 0.7
Acq/Div 0.0 (0.3) (0.6) (0.5) (1.1) 0.0 (1.1) (0.0) (0.0) (1.1) 0.0 0.0 0.0
CY 36.828 36.0 9.0 6.2 15.2 7.4 22.7 9.7 17.2 32.4 33.0 33.7 34.4
Organic % -0.2% -1.5% -5.0% -13.9% -8.8% -5.0% -7.7% -5.1% -5.1% -6.9% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0%
Sales
LY 3,269 2,961 918 696 1,614 772 2,385 1,072 1,844 3,458 3,059 3,158 3,261
Organic 586 849 154 27 181 184 365 185 369 550 306 316 326
Acq/Div 0 32 (18) (16) (34) 4 (30) (4) 0 (34) 0 0 0
FX (893) (385) (305) (180) (485) (216) (701) (213) (429) (914) (207) (213) (220)
FX % -27% -13% -33% -26% -30% -28% -29% -20% -23% -26% -7% -7% -7%
CY 2,961 3,458 749 528 1,276 744 2,020 1,040 1,784 3,059 3,158 3,261 3,366
Organic % 17.9% 28.7% 16.8% 3.9% 11.2% 16.0% 15.3% 17.2% 20.0% 15.9% 10.0% 10.0% 10.0%
Price/Mix +18.2% +30.2% +21.7% +17.8% +20.1% +21.0% +23.0% +22.4% +25.1% +22.9% +8.0% +8.0% +8.0%
EBITDA
LY 1,491 1,352 417 264 681 350 1,031 557 907 1,588 1,463 1,525 1,589
Organic 256 356 101 29 130 70 200 100 170 300 161 168 175
Acq/Div 0 40 (1) (7) (8) 0 (8) 0 0 (8) 0 0 0
Synergies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FX (394) (160) (152) (71) (223) (98) (321) (97) (195) (418) (99) (103) (107)
FX % -26% -12% -36% -27% -33% -28% -31% -17% -21% -26% -7% -7% -7%
CY 1,352 1,588 365 215 580.2 322 903 560 882 1,463 1,525 1,589 1,657
Organic % 17.1% 26.3% 24.2% 11.0% 19.1% 20.0% 19.4% 17.9% 18.7% 18.9% 11.0% 11.0% 11.0%
Margin 45.7% 45.9% 48.8% 40.8% 45.5% 43.4% 44.7% 53.9% 49.5% 47.8% 48.3% 48.7% 49.2%
EBIT
LY 1,311 1,175 372 216 588 299 887 506 805 1,393 1,239 1,291 1,346
Organic 210 315 85 8 93 51 144 76 127 220 136 142 148
Acq/Div 0 40 (1) (7) (8) 0 (8) 0 0 (8) 0 0 0
Synergies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FX (346) (138) (135) (51) (186) (84) (270) (96) (180) (366) (84) (87) (91)
FX % -26% -12% -36% -24% -32% -28% -30% -19% -22% -26% -7% -7% -7%
CY 1,175 1,393 321 166 487 267 753 485 752 1,239 1,291 1,346 1,403
Organic % 16.0% 26.8% 22.9% 3.7% 15.8% 17.0% 16.2% 15.0% 15.8% 15.8% 11.0% 11.0% 11.0%
Margin% 39.7% 40.3% 42.9% 31.5% 38.2% 35.8% 37.3% 46.7% 42.2% 40.5% 40.9% 41.3% 41.7%
Margin development 59bp 234bp 44bp 172bp -294bp 11bp -49bp -150bp 21bp 39bp 40bp 40bp
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 78 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Chart 52: ABISAB: North America division (US)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
North America Growth (USD m) FY14 FY15 Q116 Q216 H116 Q316E 9M16E Q416E H216E FY16E FY17E FY18E FY19E
Volumes (m hl)
LY 122.1 121.2 27.3 31.1 58.4 32.4 90.8 27.3 59.7 118.2 117.6 116.4 115.2
Organic (1.6) (2.3) (0.3) 0.1 (0.2) (0.6) (0.8) 0.0 (0.6) (0.8) (1.2) (1.2) (1.2)
Acq/Div 0.6 (0.7) (0.1) 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.2 (0.0) (0.0) 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0
CY 121.2 118.2 26.9 31.5 58.4 31.8 90.2 27.3 59.1 117.6 116.4 115.2 114.1
Organic % -1.3% -1.9% -1.1% 0.4% -0.3% -2.0% -0.9% 0.1% -1.0% -0.7% -1.0% -1.0% -1.0%
Sales
LY 16,023 16,093 3,601 4,118 7,719 4,240 11,959 3,644 7,882 15,603 15,734 15,898 16,056
Organic 35 (22) 9 92 101 (13) 88 62 49 150 157 159 161
Acq/Div 159 (193) (38) 70 32 0 32 0 0 32 0 0 0
FX (123) (276) (40) (18) (58) (2) (60) 10 8 (50) 6 0 0
FX % -1% -2% -1% 0% -1% 0% -1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
CY 16,093 15,603 3,532 4,262 7,794 4,225 12,019 3,715 7,939 15,734 15,898 16,056 16,217
Organic % 0.2% -0.1% 0.2% 2.2% 1.3% -0.3% 0.7% 1.7% 0.6% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0%
Price/Mix +1.5% +1.8% +1.3% +1.9% +1.6% +1.7% +1.7% +1.6% +1.7% +1.6% +2.0% +2.0% +2.0%
EBITDA
LY 6,728 6,820 1,381 1,657 3,038 1,734 4,772 1,400 3,134 6,172 6,264 6,329 6,392
Organic (82) (218) 28 81 109 (52) 56 64 12 120 63 63 64
Acq/Div 232 (309) (13) 5 (8) 0 (8) 0 0 (8) 0 0 0
Synergies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FX (57) (122) (13) (10) (23) (1) (24) 4 3 (20) 2 0 0
FX % -1% -2% -1% -1% -1% 0% -1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
CY 6,820 6,172 1,384 1,732 3,115.6 1,680.8 4,796 1,468 3,148 6,264 6,329 6,392 6,456
Organic % -1.2% -3.2% 2.0% 4.9% 3.6% -3.0% 1.2% 4.5% 0.4% 1.9% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0%
Margin 42.4% 39.6% 39.2% 40.6% 40.0% 39.8% 39.9% 39.5% 39.7% 39.8% 39.8% 39.8% 39.8%
EBIT
LY 5,931 6,068 1,200 1,470 2,671 1,545 4,215 1,201 2,746 5,417 5,487 5,544 5,600
Organic (52) (228) 19 66 85 (46) 39 61 15 100 55 55 56
Acq/Div 242 (310) (14) 2 (12) 0 (12) (0) (0) (12) 0 0 0
Synergies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FX (53) (113) (11) (10) (21) (1) (22) 4 4 (17) 2 0 0
FX % -1% -2% -1% -1% -1% 0% -1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
CY 6,068 5,417 1,194 1,529 2,723.2 1,497 4,221 1,267 2,764 5,487 5,544 5,600 5,656
Organic % -0.9% -3.8% 1.6% 4.5% 3.2% -3.0% 0.9% 5.1% 0.5% 1.8% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0%
Margin% 37.7% 34.7% 33.8% 35.9% 34.9% 35.4% 35.1% 34.1% 34.8% 34.9% 34.9% 34.9% 34.9%
Margin development -299bp 16bp 0bp 0bp 0bp
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 79 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Chart 53: ABISAB: Asia North division (China)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
Asia North (China) FY14 FY15 Q116 Q216 H116 Q316E 9M16E Q416E H216E FY16E FY17E FY18E FY19E
Volumes (m hl)
LY 65.8 82.5 19.8 25.5 45.3 27.4 72.7 15.5 42.9 88.2 88.0 90.2 92.5
Organic 1.1 (0.1) (0.1) (0.4) (0.5) 0.0 (0.5) 0.0 0.0 (0.5) 2.2 2.3 2.3
Acq/Div 15.6 5.8 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.3 (0.0) (0.0) 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0
CY 82.5 88.2 19.8 25.3 45.1 27.4 72.5 15.5 43.0 88.0 90.2 92.5 94.8
Organic % 1.7% -0.1% -0.5% -1.7% -1.2% 0.0% -0.7% 0.2% 0.1% -0.6% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5%
Sales
LY 3,354 5,040 1,294 1,528 2,822 1,613 4,435 1,120 2,734 5,555 5,561 5,932 6,328
Organic 396 355 25 63 88 65 153 47 112 200 501 534 570
Acq/Div 1,298 305 11 14 25 0 25 0 0 25 0 0 0
FX (8) (145) (73) (79) (151) (54) (205) (14) (68) (219) (130) (138) (148)
FX % 0% -3% -6% -5% -5% -3% -5% -1% -2% -4% -2% -2% -2%
CY 5,040 5,555 1,258 1,526 2,784 1,624 4,408 1,154 2,778 5,561 5,932 6,328 6,750
Organic % 11.8% 7.0% 2.0% 4.1% 3.1% 4.0% 3.4% 4.2% 4.1% 3.6% 9.0% 9.0% 9.0%
Price/Mix +10.1% +7.1% +2.4% +5.9% +4.3% +4.0% +4.2% +4.0% +4.0% +4.2% +6.5% +6.5% +6.5%
EBITDA
LY 546 1,067 342 421 763 409 1,172 177 586 1,349 1,442 1,611 1,798
Organic 156 244 11 85 95 41 136 0 41 136 202 225 252
Acq/Div 366 77 6 5 11 0 11 (0) (0) 11 0 0 0
Synergies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FX (2) (40) (20) (25) (44) (14) (58) 4 (9) (53) (34) (38) (42)
FX % 0% -4% -6% -6% -6% -3% -5% 3% -2% -4% -2% -2% -2%
CY 1,067 1,349 338 486 825 436 1,261 181 617 1,442 1,611 1,798 2,008
Organic % 28.7% 22.9% 3.1% 20.1% 12.5% 10.0% 11.6% 0.0% 7.0% 10.1% 14.0% 14.0% 14.0%
Margin 21.2% 24.3% 26.9% 31.9% 29.6% 26.9% 28.6% 15.7% 22.2% 25.9% 27.1% 28.4% 29.8%
EBIT
LY 127 517 191 274 465 262 727 15 277 742 829 926 1,034
Organic 104 207 (23) 87 64 41 104 1 42 105 116 130 145
Acq/Div 286 47 6 5 11 0 11 0 0 11 0 0 0
Synergies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FX 0 (28) (11) (18) (29) (9) (37) 8 (1) (30) (19) (22) (24)
FX % 0% -5% -6% -6% -6% -3% -5% 50% 0% -4% -2% -2% -2%
CY 517 742 163 348 511 293 805 24 317 829 926 1,034 1,154
Organic % 81.9% 40.0% -12.0% 31.5% 13.6% 15.5% 14.3% 6.2% 15.0% 14.1% 14.0% 14.0% 14.0%
Margin% 10.3% 13.4% 13.0% 22.8% 18.4% 18.1% 18.3% 2.1% 11.4% 14.9% 15.6% 16.3% 17.1%
Margin development 310bp 154bp 70bp 73bp 77bp
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 80 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Chart 54: ABISAB: Europe division
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data
Europe (USD m) FY14 FY15 Q116 Q216E H116E Q316E 9M16E Q416E H216E FY16E FY17E FY18E FY19E
Volumes (m hl)
LY 47.030 44.3 8.3 12.4 20.7 12.0 32.7 10.3 22.3 43.0 41.8 40.2 38.7
Organic (2.8) (1.1) 0.1 (0.1) 0.1 (0.5) (0.4) (0.6) (1.1) (1.0) (1.6) (1.6) (1.6)
Acq/Div 0.1 (0.2) (0.1) (0.1) (0.2) 0.0 (0.2) 0.0 0.0 (0.2) 0.0 0.0 0.0
CY 44.276 43.0 8.4 12.2 20.5 11.5 32.1 9.7 21.2 41.8 40.2 38.7 37.1
Organic % -6.0% -2.4% 1.8% -0.8% 0.2% -4.0% -1.3% -5.5% -4.7% -2.3% -3.7% -3.9% -4.0%
Sales
LY 5,021 4,864 775 1,147 1,922 1,126 3,048 964 2,090 4,012 4,027 4,036 4,045
Organic 4 224 35 51 86 0 86 14 14 100 81 81 81
Acq/Div 6 (45) (5) (9) (14) 0 (14) 0 0 (14) 0 0 0
FX (166) (1,032) (65) (33) (98) (24) (122) 51 27 (71) (71) (71) (72)
FX % -3% -21% -8% -3% -5% -2% -4% 5% 1% -2% -2% -2% -2%
CY 4,864 4,012 740 1,156 1,896 1,102 2,998 1,028 2,131 4,027 4,036 4,045 4,054
Organic % 0.1% 4.6% 4.5% 4.5% 4.5% 0.0% 2.8% 1.4% 0.7% 2.5% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0%
Price/Mix +6.0% +7.0% +2.7% +5.3% +4.2% +4.0% +4.2% +7.0% +5.4% +4.8% +5.7% +5.9% +6.0%
EBITDA
LY 1,341 1,343 154 345 499 344 843 247 591 1,090 1,039 1,051 1,064
Organic 21 23 (7) 0 (7) (3) (10) (10) (13) (20) 31 32 32
Acq/Div (1) (37) (4) (8) (12) 0 (12) 0 0 (12) 0 0 0
Synergies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FX (18) (239) (9) (7) (16) (7) (23) 4 (3) (19) (18) (19) (19)
FX % -1% -18% -6% -2% -3% -2% -3% 2% -1% -2% -2% -2% -2%
CY 1,343 1,090 134 330 464 333 797 241 574 1,039 1,051 1,064 1,077
Organic % 1.5% 1.7% -4.5% 0.0% -1.4% -1.0% -1.2% -3.9% -2.2% -1.8% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0%
Margin 27.6% 27.2% 18.2% 28.5% 24.5% 30.2% 26.6% 23.5% 27.0% 25.8% 26.1% 26.3% 26.6%
EBIT
LY 849 906 75 260 335 255 590 157 412 747 697 706 714
Organic 49 22 (11) (5) (16) 8 (8) (17) (9) (25) 21 21 21
Acq/Div (2) (38) (4) (8) (12) 0 (12) 0 0 (12) 0 0 0
Synergies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FX 10 (143) (2) (5) (7) (5) (13) (0) (6) (13) (12) (12) (13)
FX % 1% -16% -3% -2% -2% -2% -2% 0% -1% -2% -2% -2% -2%
CY 906 747 57 242 299 258 557 140 398 697 706 714 723
Organic % 5.8% 2.4% -14.7% -1.9% -4.8% 3.2% -1.3% -10.9% -2.2% -3.3% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0%
Margin% 18.6% 18.6% 7.7% 21.0% 15.8% 23.4% 18.6% 13.6% 18.7% 17.3% 17.5% 17.7% 17.8%
Margin development 0bp -132bp 17bp 17bp 18bp
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 81 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Chart 55: ABISAB: Africa division
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data Note: 2015 is SABMiller FY16 year end. Note: SABMIller subsidiaries only
Africa (USD m) 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
Volume (mhl)
LY 60 63 66 70 74 77
Organic 3 4 4 4 4 4
Acq/Div (0) 0 0 0 0 0
CY 63 66 70 74 77 81
Organic % 5.2% 5.9% 5.5% 5.0% 5.0% 5.0%
Sales (NPR)
LY 5,519 4,966 5,165 5,571 5,883
Organic 573 549 540 557 588
Acq/Div 0 0 0 0 0
FX (1,126) (350) (134) (245) (259)
FX % -20.4% -7.1% -2.6% -4.4% -4.4%
CY 5,519 4,966 5,165 5,571 5,883 6,213
Organic % 10.4% 11.1% 10.5% 10.0% 10.0%
EBITA
LY 1,480 1,327 1,374 2,089 2,488
Organic 178 140 151 164 175
Synergies 0 0 600 300 180
Acq/Div 0 0 0 0 0
FX (331) (94) (36) (65) (70)
FX % -22.2% -7.1% -2.6% -4.4% -4.4%
CY 1,480 1,327 1,374 2,089 2,488 2,772
Organic pre synergies % 11.0% 11.0% 11.0%
Organic inc synergies % 12.0% 10.6% 54.7% 22.2% 14.3%
EBITA margin 26.8% 26.7% 26.6% 37.5% 42.3% 44.6%
Margin development -9bp -12bp 1091bp 478bp 234bp
EBITDA
LY 1,755 1,576 1,636 2,374 2,791
Organic 211 171 180 195 208
Synergies 0 0 600 300 180
Acq/Div 0 0 0 0 0
FX (390) (111) (42) (78) (83)
FX % -22.2% -7.1% -2.6% -4.4% -4.4%
CY 1,755 1,576 1,636 2,374 2,791 3,095
Organic pre synergies % 11.0% 11.0% 11.0%
Organic inc synergies % 12.0% 10.9% 47.7% 20.9% 13.9%
EBITA margin 31.8% 31.7% 31.7% 42.6% 47.4% 49.8%
Margin development -6bp -6bp 1093bp 483bp 239bp
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 82 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Chart 56: ABISAB: LatAm COPEC division (Colombia)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data Note: 2015 is SABMiller FY16 year end. Note: SABMIller subsidiaries only
LatAm COPEC (Colombia) 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
Volumes (mhl)
LY 62 64 67 71 75 78
Organic 2 3 4 4 3 3
Acq/Div (0) 0 0 0 0 0
CY 64 67 71 75 78 81
Organic % 3.2% 5.0% 5.3% 5.3% 4.3% 4.3%
Sales (NPR)
LY 5,768 5,211 5,394 5,658 5,895
Organic 463 391 405 396 413
Acq/Div 0 0 0 0 0
FX (1,020) (207) (141) (158) (165)
FX % -17.7% -4.0% -2.6% -2.8% -2.8%
CY 5,768 5,211 5,394 5,658 5,895 6,143
Organic % 8.0% 7.5% 7.5% 7.0% 7.0%
Price/mix +3.0% +2.2% +2.2% +2.7% +2.7%
EBITA
LY 2,224 1,959 2,061 2,957 3,447
Organic 166 180 200 177 186
Synergies 0 0 750 375 225
Acq/Div 0 0 0 0 0
FX (431) (78) (54) (62) (65)
FX % -19.4% -4.0% -2.6% -2.8% -2.8%
CY 2,224 1,959 2,061 2,957 3,447 3,793
Organic pre synergies % 9.7% 8.0% 8.0%
Organic inc synergies% 7.5% 9.2% 46.1% 18.7% 11.9%
EBITA margin 38.6% 37.6% 38.2% 52.3% 58.5% 61.7%
Margin development -96bp 61bp 1406bp 620bp 327bp
EBITDA
LY 2,526 2,233 2,358 3,275 3,781
Organic 197 214 229 202 212
Synergies 0 0 750 375 225
Acq/Div 0 0 0 0 0
FX (490) (89) (62) (71) (74)
FX % -19.4% -4.0% -2.6% -2.8% -2.8%
CY 2,526 2,233 2,358 3,275 3,781 4,144
Organic pre synergies % 9.7% 8.0% 8.0%
Organic inc synergies% 7.8% 9.6% 41.5% 17.6% 11.6%
EBITA margin 43.8% 42.9% 43.7% 57.9% 64.1% 67.5%
Margin development -94bp 86bp 1417bp 625bp 333bp
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 83 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Chart 57: ABISAB: Asia South division (Australia)
Source: Jefferies estimates, company data Note: 2015 is SABMiller FY16 year end. Note: SABMIller subsidiaries only
Asia South (Australia) 2014 2015 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
Volumes (mhl)
LY 11 13 11 11 12 12
Organic (0) (0) 0 0 0 0
Acq/Div 2 0 0 0 0 0
LY 13 13 11 12 12 12
Organic % -2.4% -1.3% 2.0% 2.0% 1.0% 1.0%
Sales (NPR)
LY 1,933 1,732 1,712 1,748 1,739
Organic (7) (22) 63 35 35
Acq/Div 0 0 0 0 0
FX (194) 2 (28) (44) (44)
FX % -8.5% 0.1% -1.6% -2.5% -2.5%
CY 1,933 1,732 1,712 1,748 1,739 1,730
Organic % -0.4% -1.3% 3.7% 2.0% 2.0%
Price/mix +0.9% -3.3% +1.7% +1.0% +1.0%
EBITA
LY 626 587 596 767 845
Organic 20 8 32 19 19
Synergies 0 0 150 75 45
Acq/Div 0 0 0 0 0
FX (59) 1 (10) (16) (16)
FX % -11.8% 0.1% -1.6% -2.5% -2.5%
CY 626 587 596 767 845 893
Organic pre synergies % 5.3% 3.0% 3.0%
Organic inc synergies % 3.3% 1.3% 30.5% 12.2% 7.5%
EBITA margin 32.4% 33.9% 34.8% 43.9% 48.6% 51.7%
Margin development 151bp 89bp 913bp 471bp 303bp
EBITDA
LY 692 649 752 930 1,009
Organic 22 103 40 23 24
Synergies 0 0 150 75 45
Acq/Div 0 0 0 0 0
FX (65) 1 (12) (20) (20)
FX % -11.8% 0.1% -1.6% -2.5% -2.5%
CY 692 649 752 930 1,009 1,058
Organic pre synergies % 5.3% 3.0% 3.0%
Organic inc synergies % 3.2% 15.8% 25.2% 10.6% 6.8%
EBITA margin 35.8% 37.5% 43.9% 53.2% 58.0% 61.1%
Margin development 167bp 648bp 927bp 481bp 312bp
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 84 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)
Chart 58: ABI Discounted Cash Flow (Legacy ABI divisions)
Source: Jefferies estimates
AB InBev DCF Valuation (USD m) 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E 2026E Terminal Growth
Europe
EBIT 697 706 714 723 732 741 750 759 778 798 818 2.5% 1.0%
Tax at -23% (160) (162) (164) (166) (168) (170) (173) (175) (179) (184) (188)
Depreciation 341 346 350 354 359 363 367 372 381 391 401
Change in w orking capital 56 95 95 95 35 35 35 35 36 37 38
Capex (310) (386) (402) (420) (440) (461) (484) (507) (520) (533) (546)
Net FCF 624 598 593 586 518 508 496 485 497 509 522 10,715
WACC/discount rate 5.9% 0.99 0.93 0.88 0.83 0.78 0.74 0.70 0.66 0.62 0.59 0.56 0.56
Discounted cash flow (USD m) 10,502 615 557 521 487 406 376 347 321 310 300 291 5,969
Asia Pacific North (China)
EBIT 829 926 1,034 1,154 1,289 1,439 1,607 1,795 1938 2093 2261 8.0% 2.5%
Tax at -23% (191) (213) (238) (265) (296) (331) (370) (413) (446) (481) (520)
Depreciation 613 685 765 854 954 1,065 1,189 1,328 1434 1549 1673
Change in w orking capital 83 139 139 139 52 52 52 52 56 57 57
Capex (615) (765) (797) (832) (871) (913) (959) (1,004) (1,085) (1,172) (1,265)
Net FCF 719 772 903 1,051 1,127 1,311 1,520 1,757 1,898 2,046 2,206 40,743
WACC/discount rate 7.9% 0.98 0.91 0.84 0.78 0.72 0.67 0.62 0.58 0.53 0.49 0.46 0.46
Discounted cash flow (USD m) 28,338 706 702 761 820 815 879 944 1,012 1,012 1,012 1,010 18,665
North America (US and Canada)
EBIT 5,487 5,544 5,600 5,656 5,825 6,000 6,180 6,366 6,525 6,688 6,855 2.5% 1.5%
Tax at -23% (1,262) (1,275) (1,288) (1,301) (1,340) (1,380) (1,421) (1,464) (1,501) (1,538) (1,577)
Depreciation 777 785 792 800 824 849 875 901 923 946 970
Change in w orking capital 221 374 374 374 138 138 138 138 142 145 149
Capex (705) (876) (913) (953) (998) (1,046) (1,098) (1,151) (1,179) (1,209) (1,239)
Net FCF 4,518 4,551 4,565 4,576 4,450 4,561 4,673 4,790 4,910 5,032 5,158 119,582
WACC/discount rate 5.8% 0.99 0.93 0.88 0.83 0.79 0.74 0.70 0.66 0.63 0.59 0.56 0.56
Discounted cash flow (USD m) 105,838 4,455 4,241 4,020 3,808 3,500 3,390 3,283 3,180 3,080 2,984 2,890 67,007
LatAm North (Brazil)
EBIT 3,712 4,157 4,656 5,214 5,839 6,539 7,322 8,200 8,897 9,653 10,474 8.5% 2.5%
Tax at -23% (854) (956) (1,071) (1,199) (1,343) (1,504) (1,684) (1,886) (2,046) (2,220) (2,409)
Depreciation 758 849 950 1,064 1,192 1,335 1,495 1,674 1816 1970 2138
Change in w orking capital 137 231 231 231 86 86 86 86 93 101 109
Capex (762) (947) (987) (1,030) (1,079) (1,132) (1,188) (1,244) (1,350) (1,465) (1,590)
Net FCF 2,991 3,334 3,779 4,280 4,694 5,323 6,031 6,829 7,410 8,039 8,723 138,160
WACC/discount rate 8.8% 0.98 0.90 0.83 0.76 0.70 0.64 0.59 0.54 0.50 0.46 0.42 0.42
Discounted cash flow (USD m) 95,429 2,929 3,000 3,125 3,252 3,278 3,417 3,557 3,702 3,691 3,681 3,670 58,128
LatAm South
EBIT 1,239 1,291 1,346 1,403 1,463 1,525 1,589 1,657 1,798 1,951 2,116 8.5% 2.5%
Tax at -23% (285) (297) (310) (323) (336) (351) (366) (381) (413) (449) (487)
Depreciation 224 233 243 254 264 276 287 299 325 352 382
Change in w orking capital 44 74 74 74 27 27 27 27 30 32 35
Capex (210) (261) (272) (283) (297) (311) (327) (342) (371) (403) (437)
Net FCF 1,012 1,041 1,082 1,125 1,121 1,166 1,212 1,260 1,368 1,484 1,610 25,500
WACC/discount rate 8.8% 0.98 0.90 0.83 0.76 0.70 0.64 0.59 0.54 0.50 0.46 0.42 0.42
Discounted cash flow (USD m) 19,374 991 937 895 855 783 748 715 683 681 679 677 10,729
Middle Americas (Mexico)
EBIT 1,516 1,571 1,628 1,670 1,714 1,759 1,805 1,852 2000 2160 2333 8.0% 2.5%
Tax at -23% (349) (361) (374) (384) (394) (405) (415) (426) (460) (497) (537)
Depreciation 312 323 335 344 353 362 371 381 411 422 422
Change in w orking capital 52 88 88 88 33 33 33 33 35 36 36
Capex (290) (361) (376) (392) (411) (431) (452) (474) (512) (525) (525)
Net FCF 1,241 1,260 1,300 1,325 1,294 1,318 1,341 1,366 1,475 1,597 1,730 27,395
WACC/discount rate 8.8% 0.98 0.90 0.83 0.76 0.70 0.64 0.59 0.54 0.50 0.46 0.42 0.42
Discounted cash flow (USD m) 21,432 1,215 1,134 1,075 1,007 904 846 791 740 735 731 728 11,526
Exports
EBIT (340) (343) (347) (350) (354) (357) (361) (364) (368) (372) (375) 1.0% 0.5%
Tax at -23% 78 79 80 81 81 82 83 84 85 85 86
Depreciation 134 136 137 138 140 141 143 144 145 147 148
Change in w orking capital 27 45 45 45 17 17 17 17 17 17 17
Capex (122) (151) (158) (165) (172) (181) (190) (199) (201) (203) (205)
Net FCF (223) (235) (243) (251) (288) (298) (308) (319) (322) (325) (328) 4,821-
WACC/discount rate 7.3% 0.98 0.92 0.85 0.80 0.74 0.69 0.64 0.60 0.56 0.52 0.49 0.49
Discounted cash flow (USD m) (4,497) (219) (215) (207) (200) (214) (206) (198) (191) (180) (169) (159) (2,339)
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 85 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Chart 59: ABI Discounted Cash Flow (New SABMiller divisions)
Source: Jefferies estimates
AB InBev DCF Valuation (USD m) 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E 2026E Terminal Growth
LatAm COPEC
EBITA 2,061 2,957 3,447 3,793 4,070 4,203 4,344 4,492 4,873 5,288 5,737 8.5% 3.0%
Tax at -23% (474) (680) (793) (872) (936) (967) (999) (1,033) (1,121) (1,216) (1,320)
Depreciation 297 318 334 352 370 389 409 431 467 481 481
Change in w orking capital 79 133 133 133 49 49 49 49 53 58 63
Capex (285) (355) (355) (355) (355) (355) (355) (355) (385) (396) (396)
Net FCF 1,677 2,373 2,767 3,050 3,198 3,320 3,449 3,584 3,888 4,214 4,565 78,529
WACC/discount rate 8.8% 0.98 0.90 0.83 0.76 0.70 0.64 0.59 0.54 0.50 0.46 0.42 0.42
Discounted cash flow (USD m) 55,550 1,642 2,135 2,288 2,318 2,233 2,131 2,034 1,943 1,937 1,929 1,921 33,040
Africa
EBITA 1,374 2,089 2,488 2,772 3,004 3,123 3,250 3,386 3,673 3,986 4,324 8.5% 3.0%
Tax at -23% (316) (481) (572) (638) (691) (718) (748) (779) (845) (917) (995)
Depreciation 262 284 303 323 344 367 391 417 453 466 466
Change in w orking capital 77 131 131 131 48 48 48 48 53 54 54
Capex (255) (317) (331) (345) (362) (379) (398) (417) (452) (466) (466)
Net FCF 1,142 1,706 2,019 2,243 2,344 2,441 2,545 2,656 2,881 3,123 3,384 58,214
WACC/discount rate 8.8% 0.98 0.90 0.83 0.76 0.70 0.64 0.59 0.54 0.50 0.46 0.42 0.42
Discounted cash flow (USD m) 40,954 1,118 1,535 1,669 1,705 1,637 1,567 1,501 1,440 1,435 1,430 1,424 24,492
Asia Pacific South (Australia)
EBITA 596 767 845 893 926 929 932 935 982 1,031 1,083 5.0% 2.0%
Tax at -23% (137) (176) (194) (205) (213) (214) (214) (215) (226) (237) (249)
Depreciation 157 163 163 164 165 166 167 167 176 179 179
Change in w orking capital 24 41 41 41 15 15 15 15 16 16 16
Capex (146) (182) (189) (198) (207) (217) (228) (239) (251) (256) (256)
Net FCF 494 613 666 696 687 680 672 664 698 734 774 18,813
WACC/discount rate 6.1% 0.99 0.93 0.88 0.82 0.78 0.73 0.69 0.65 0.61 0.58 0.54 0.54
Discounted cash flow (USD m) 15,652 486 569 583 574 534 498 464 432 428 424 421 10,240
AB InBev
Total ABI DCF (USDm) 388,574
Net debt (89,553)
SAB associates 14,649
Minorities (28,229)
PV equity 285,441
Total shares 1,966
Value per share (USDm) 145
EUR: USD 1.12
Value per share (EUR m) 130
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 86 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Company DescriptionABI-InBev is the leading global brewer and one of the world’s top five consumer product companies.
Analyst Certification:I, Edward Mundy, ACA, certify that all of the views expressed in this research report accurately reflect my personal views about the subjectsecurity(ies) and subject company(ies). I also certify that no part of my compensation was, is, or will be, directly or indirectly, related to the specificrecommendations or views expressed in this research report.I, Cole Hathorn, CFA, certify that all of the views expressed in this research report accurately reflect my personal views about the subject security(ies) andsubject company(ies). I also certify that no part of my compensation was, is, or will be, directly or indirectly, related to the specific recommendationsor views expressed in this research report.Registration of non-US analysts: Edward Mundy, ACA is employed by Jefferies International Limited, a non-US affiliate of Jefferies LLC and is notregistered/qualified as a research analyst with FINRA. This analyst(s) may not be an associated person of Jefferies LLC, a FINRA member firm, andtherefore may not be subject to the NASD Rule 2241 and Incorporated NYSE Rule 472 restrictions on communications with a subject company, publicappearances and trading securities held by a research analyst.Registration of non-US analysts: Cole Hathorn, CFA is employed by Jefferies International Limited, a non-US affiliate of Jefferies LLC and is notregistered/qualified as a research analyst with FINRA. This analyst(s) may not be an associated person of Jefferies LLC, a FINRA member firm, andtherefore may not be subject to the NASD Rule 2241 and Incorporated NYSE Rule 472 restrictions on communications with a subject company, publicappearances and trading securities held by a research analyst.As is the case with all Jefferies employees, the analyst(s) responsible for the coverage of the financial instruments discussed in this report receivescompensation based in part on the overall performance of the firm, including investment banking income. We seek to update our research asappropriate, but various regulations may prevent us from doing so. Aside from certain industry reports published on a periodic basis, the large majorityof reports are published at irregular intervals as appropriate in the analyst's judgement.
Investment Recommendation Record(Article 3(1)e and Article 7 of MAR)
Recommendation Published , 00:06 ET. September 13, 2016Recommendation Distributed , 00:06 ET. September 13, 2016
Explanation of Jefferies RatingsBuy - Describes securities that we expect to provide a total return (price appreciation plus yield) of 15% or more within a 12-month period.Hold - Describes securities that we expect to provide a total return (price appreciation plus yield) of plus 15% or minus 10% within a 12-month period.Underperform - Describes securities that we expect to provide a total return (price appreciation plus yield) of minus 10% or less within a 12-monthperiod.The expected total return (price appreciation plus yield) for Buy rated securities with an average security price consistently below $10 is 20% or morewithin a 12-month period as these companies are typically more volatile than the overall stock market. For Hold rated securities with an averagesecurity price consistently below $10, the expected total return (price appreciation plus yield) is plus or minus 20% within a 12-month period. ForUnderperform rated securities with an average security price consistently below $10, the expected total return (price appreciation plus yield) is minus20% or less within a 12-month period.NR - The investment rating and price target have been temporarily suspended. Such suspensions are in compliance with applicable regulations and/or Jefferies policies.CS - Coverage Suspended. Jefferies has suspended coverage of this company.NC - Not covered. Jefferies does not cover this company.Restricted - Describes issuers where, in conjunction with Jefferies engagement in certain transactions, company policy or applicable securitiesregulations prohibit certain types of communications, including investment recommendations.Monitor - Describes securities whose company fundamentals and financials are being monitored, and for which no financial projections or opinionson the investment merits of the company are provided.
Valuation MethodologyJefferies' methodology for assigning ratings may include the following: market capitalization, maturity, growth/value, volatility and expected totalreturn over the next 12 months. The price targets are based on several methodologies, which may include, but are not restricted to, analyses of marketrisk, growth rate, revenue stream, discounted cash flow (DCF), EBITDA, EPS, cash flow (CF), free cash flow (FCF), EV/EBITDA, P/E, PE/growth, P/CF,P/FCF, premium (discount)/average group EV/EBITDA, premium (discount)/average group P/E, sum of the parts, net asset value, dividend returns,and return on equity (ROE) over the next 12 months.
Jefferies Franchise PicksJefferies Franchise Picks include stock selections from among the best stock ideas from our equity analysts over a 12 month period. Stock selectionis based on fundamental analysis and may take into account other factors such as analyst conviction, differentiated analysis, a favorable risk/rewardratio and investment themes that Jefferies analysts are recommending. Jefferies Franchise Picks will include only Buy rated stocks and the numbercan vary depending on analyst recommendations for inclusion. Stocks will be added as new opportunities arise and removed when the reason forinclusion changes, the stock has met its desired return, if it is no longer rated Buy and/or if it triggers a stop loss. Stocks having 120 day volatility inthe bottom quartile of S&P stocks will continue to have a 15% stop loss, and the remainder will have a 20% stop. Franchise Picks are not intendedto represent a recommended portfolio of stocks and is not sector based, but we may note where we believe a Pick falls within an investment stylesuch as growth or value.
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 87 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Risks which may impede the achievement of our Price TargetThis report was prepared for general circulation and does not provide investment recommendations specific to individual investors. As such, thefinancial instruments discussed in this report may not be suitable for all investors and investors must make their own investment decisions basedupon their specific investment objectives and financial situation utilizing their own financial advisors as they deem necessary. Past performance ofthe financial instruments recommended in this report should not be taken as an indication or guarantee of future results. The price, value of, andincome from, any of the financial instruments mentioned in this report can rise as well as fall and may be affected by changes in economic, financialand political factors. If a financial instrument is denominated in a currency other than the investor's home currency, a change in exchange rates mayadversely affect the price of, value of, or income derived from the financial instrument described in this report. In addition, investors in securities suchas ADRs, whose values are affected by the currency of the underlying security, effectively assume currency risk.
Other Companies Mentioned in This Report• Danone (BN FP: €66.24, HOLD)• Diageo (DGE LN: p2,065.50, BUY)• Tsingtao Brewery Co. Ltd. (168 HK: HK$29.05, HOLD)• Tsingtao Brewery Co. Ltd. - A (600600 CH: CNY30.45, HOLD)
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 88 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 89 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
Notes: Each box in the Rating and Price Target History chart above represents actions over the past three years in which an analyst initiated on acompany, made a change to a rating or price target of a company or discontinued coverage of a company.Legend:
I: Initiating Coverage
D: Dropped Coverage
B: Buy
H: Hold
UP: Underperform
For Important Disclosure information on companies recommended in this report, please visit our website at https://javatar.bluematrix.com/sellside/Disclosures.action or call 212.284.2300.
Distribution of RatingsIB Serv./Past 12 Mos.
Rating Count Percent Count Percent
BUY 1089 52.41% 321 29.48%HOLD 836 40.23% 163 19.50%UNDERPERFORM 153 7.36% 17 11.11%
ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 90 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
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ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 91 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.
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ABI BB
Initiating Coverage
13 September 2016
page 92 of 92 , Equity Analyst, +44 (0)20 7029 8476, [email protected] Mundy, ACA
Please see important disclosure information on pages 87 - 92 of this report.