Prevention of Sexual HarassmentPrevention of Sexual Harassment(POSH)(POSH)

SFC Crystal WallaceSFC Crystal Wallace

Equal Opportunity AdvisorEqual Opportunity Advisor

United States Army Criminal United States Army Criminal Investigation CommandInvestigation Command

OverviewOverview

DEFINITION AND KEY TERMSDEFINITION AND KEY TERMS CATEGORIES OF SEXUAL CATEGORIES OF SEXUAL

HARASSMENTHARASSMENT TYPES OF SEXUAL HARASSMENTTYPES OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT TECHNIQUES OF DEALING WITH TECHNIQUES OF DEALING WITH

SEXUAL HARASSMENTSEXUAL HARASSMENT IMPACT ON VICTIMIMPACT ON VICTIM IMPACT ON UNITIMPACT ON UNIT STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES

DEFINITIONDEFINITION

Sexual HarassmentSexual Harassment is a form of is a form of gender discrimination that involves gender discrimination that involves unwelcomed sexual advances, unwelcomed sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. WHENsexual nature. WHEN……

Definition Con’tDefinition Con’t

1. Submission to, or rejection of, 1. Submission to, or rejection of, such conduct is made either such conduct is made either explicitly or implicitly as term or explicitly or implicitly as term or condition of a person’s job, pay, condition of a person’s job, pay, career, orcareer, or

Definition Con’tDefinition Con’t

3. Such conduct has the purpose or 3. Such conduct has the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering effect of unreasonably interfering with an individual’s work with an individual’s work performance or creates an performance or creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive intimidating, hostile, or offensive working environment.working environment.

Definition Con’tDefinition Con’t

4. Any person in a supervisory or 4. Any person in a supervisory or command position who uses or command position who uses or condones implicit or explicit sexual condones implicit or explicit sexual behavior to control, influence, or behavior to control, influence, or affect the career, pay, or job of a affect the career, pay, or job of a soldier or civilian employee is soldier or civilian employee is engaging in sexual harassment.engaging in sexual harassment.

CategoriesCategories of Sexual of Sexual HarassmentHarassment

- Verbal- Verbal

- Nonverbal- Nonverbal

- Physical Contact- Physical Contact

Sexual Harassment Categories Sexual Harassment Categories Con’tCon’t

Verbal – Verbal – examples can include telling examples can include telling jokes, using sexually explicit profanity, jokes, using sexually explicit profanity, threats, sexually oriented Jody calls, threats, sexually oriented Jody calls, sexual comments, whistling in a sexual comments, whistling in a sexually suggestive mannersexually suggestive manner..

Sexual Harassment Categories Sexual Harassment Categories Con’tCon’t

Verbal – Verbal – Verbal Sexual harassment may Verbal Sexual harassment may also include terms such as “honey”, also include terms such as “honey”, “babe”, “sweetheart”, “dear”, etc“babe”, “sweetheart”, “dear”, etc..

Sexual Harassment Categories Sexual Harassment Categories Con’tCon’t

Nonverbal – Nonverbal – may include staring at may include staring at someone (I.e. “undressing someone with someone (I.e. “undressing someone with one’s eyes”), blowing kisses, winking, one’s eyes”), blowing kisses, winking, or licking of one’s lips in a suggestive or licking of one’s lips in a suggestive manner.manner.

Sexual Harassment Categories Sexual Harassment Categories Con’tCon’t

Nonverbal – Nonverbal – may also include displaying may also include displaying sexually oriented pictures, cartoons, sexually oriented pictures, cartoons, using sexually oriented screen savers. using sexually oriented screen savers.

Sexual Harassment Categories Sexual Harassment Categories Con’tCon’t

Physical Contact – Physical Contact – may include touching, may include touching, patting, pinching, bumping, grabbing, patting, pinching, bumping, grabbing, cornering or blocking a passageway, cornering or blocking a passageway, kissing, providing unsolicited back or kissing, providing unsolicited back or neck rubs.neck rubs.

TYPES OFTYPES OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT SEXUAL HARASSMENT

Quid Pro QuoQuid Pro Quo

Hostile EnvironmentHostile Environment

TYPES OFTYPES OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT SEXUAL HARASSMENT

Quid Pro QuoQuid Pro Quo – Latin term meaning – Latin term meaning “this for that”. The term refers to “this for that”. The term refers to conditions placed on a person’s conditions placed on a person’s career or terms of employment in career or terms of employment in return for sexual favors.return for sexual favors.

TYPES OFTYPES OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT SEXUAL HARASSMENT

Hostile EnvironmentHostile Environment – occurs when – occurs when soldiers or civilians are subjected to soldiers or civilians are subjected to offensive, unwanted and unsolicited offensive, unwanted and unsolicited comments or behaviors of a sexual comments or behaviors of a sexual nature. Classified as hostile if behavior nature. Classified as hostile if behavior unreasonably interferes with their unreasonably interferes with their performance.performance.

TECHNIQUESTECHNIQUES

- - Direct ApproachDirect Approach

- Indirect Approach- Indirect Approach

- Third Party- Third Party

- Chain of Command- Chain of Command

- File a Formal- File a Formal

TECHNIQUESTECHNIQUES

- Direct Approach – Confront harasser - Direct Approach – Confront harasser and tell him/her that the behavior is and tell him/her that the behavior is not appreciated. Use common not appreciated. Use common courtesy.courtesy.

TECHNIQUESTECHNIQUES

-Indirect Approach – Send a letter to the -Indirect Approach – Send a letter to the harasser stating the facts, personal harasser stating the facts, personal feelings about the inappropriate feelings about the inappropriate behavior and possible resolutionbehavior and possible resolution..

TECHNIQUESTECHNIQUES

--Third PartyThird Party – Request assistance from – Request assistance from another person.another person.

- - Chain of CommandChain of Command – Report the – Report the behavior to immediate supervisor or behavior to immediate supervisor or others in chain of command.others in chain of command.

- - File a Formal ComplaintFile a Formal Complaint – take – take action to formally file a complaint. action to formally file a complaint.

IMPACT ON VICTIMIMPACT ON VICTIM Psychological Effects – Psychological Effects –

- decrease self-esteem and self confidence- decrease self-esteem and self confidence

- Difficulties with trust- Difficulties with trust

- Depression, Anxiety, Fear of rape- Depression, Anxiety, Fear of rape

- Increased fear of crime in general- Increased fear of crime in general

- Seemingly, “Contradictory” emotional - Seemingly, “Contradictory” emotional responses to the harassmentresponses to the harassment

IMPACT ON VICTIMIMPACT ON VICTIM Health-related Effects – Health-related Effects –

-Headaches, neck, and back pain-Headaches, neck, and back pain

- Gastrointestinal disturbances- Gastrointestinal disturbances

- Tiredness/fatigue- Tiredness/fatigue

- Sleep Disturbances- Sleep Disturbances

- Weight Loss and appetite loss- Weight Loss and appetite loss

- Dental related problems- Dental related problems

IMPACT ON VICTIMIMPACT ON VICTIM Ways victim may handle or cope with Ways victim may handle or cope with

Sexual HarassmentSexual Harassment

- Detachment – minimize situation- Detachment – minimize situation

- Denial - pretend it is not happening- Denial - pretend it is not happening

- Relabeling – offers excuses for the harasser- Relabeling – offers excuses for the harasser

- Avoidance – Quitting a job, frequent leave, - Avoidance – Quitting a job, frequent leave, appointments, etc.appointments, etc.

IMPACT ON UNITIMPACT ON UNIT

- Decreases Morale- Decreases Morale

- Decreases productivity- Decreases productivity

- Impacts the Organization- Impacts the Organization

STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES - Proactive – Prevent before it happens.- Proactive – Prevent before it happens.

- Training (Role play or short films)- Training (Role play or short films)

- Post regulations and policies on Sexual - Post regulations and policies on Sexual Harassment Harassment

- Address/stop sexist behaviors that may - Address/stop sexist behaviors that may create an atmosphere conducive to sexual create an atmosphere conducive to sexual harassment.harassment.

STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES - Reactive - - Reactive -

- Insure all actions/complaints are dealt - Insure all actions/complaints are dealt with in a timely manner.with in a timely manner.

- Conduct appropriate follow-up actions - Conduct appropriate follow-up actions

- Action is taken so that sexual - Action is taken so that sexual harassment does not happen again.harassment does not happen again.

SUMMARYSUMMARY -Definition and Key Terms-Definition and Key Terms

- Categories of Sexual Harassment- Categories of Sexual Harassment

- Types of Sexual Harassment- Types of Sexual Harassment

- Techniques - Techniques

- Impact on the Victim- Impact on the Victim

- Impact on the Unit- Impact on the Unit

- Strategies- Strategies

QUESTIONSQUESTIONS