PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES

Prepared byNUR HANISAH BINTI ZAINOREN

ENGINEERINGMEASURES

PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES

Prepared byNUR HANISAH BINTI ZAINOREN

ENGINEERINGMEASURES

Design of building

Good housekeeping

General ventilation

Mechanization

Substitution

Dusts

DESIGN OF BUILDING• Attention in the original plan

of the building which is put up by the industrial architect

• Type of floor, walls, height, ceiling, roof, doors and windows, cubic spaces are all matters

• Applied to industry or domestically

• Fundamental requirement for the control or elimination of occupational hazards

• Covers general cleanliness, ventilation, lighting, washing, food arrangements and general maintenance

The dust which settles down on the stationary objects should be promptly removed by vacuum cleaners or by wetting agents

The walls, ceilings and passages should be white-washed at least once a year

Masks, gloves, aprons and other protective equipments should be kept clean and in a state of good repair

To prevent accidents, the right thing should be in the right place

Not only inside, outside of the plant should also be kept clean and tidy

GENERAL VENTILATIONIn every room of a factory, openings shall be…

Provided in the proportion of 5 sq. feet for each worker employed in such room

In room where dust is generated, there should

be an efficient exhaust ventilation system

To admit a continued supply of fresh air

MECHANIZATION

The plant should be mechanised to the fullest possible extent to reduce the hazard of contact with harmful

substances

Dermatitis can be prevented if hand-

mixing is replaced by mechanical devices

Acids can be conveyed from

one place to another through pipes

Replacement of a harmful material by a harmless one, or one with of lesser toxicity

Not always possible in industry. But where possible, it should be used to the fullest possible extent

SUBSTITUTION

Examples: • White phosphorus Phosphorus sesquisulphide • Lead paints Zinc or iron paints• Mercury salts Silver salts • Benzene Acetone

Examples of Control: – At the point of origin by water sprays–Wet drilling of rock

– Inclusion of a little moisture in the material will make the process of grinding, sieving and mixing comparatively dust-free (wet methods)

THANK YOU