Preventing Bullying in Elementary and Middle Schools
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Transcript of Preventing Bullying in Elementary and Middle Schools
PREVENTING BULLYING IN
ELEMENTARY AND MIDDLE SCHOOLS
Bullying Physical, verbal, or psychological
Intended harm
Imbalance of power
Repeated over time
j
An Issue of Equity
The IMBALANCE OF POWER involved in bullying creates an academic, social, and emotional ACHIEVEMENT GAP
Consequences for Victims
Academic difficulties Depression Anxiety Loneliness Low self-esteem Humiliation Difficulty with
relationships
Psycho-somatic problems Schizophrenia Fear of attending school Peer rejection Suicidal ideation Delinquent behavior Criminality Violence
The U.S. Secret Service reports that 71% of students who have committed sieges on schools felt bullied
Consequences for Bullies Failing to learn social behavioral norms Substance abuse Depression Psychiatric disorders Vandalism Shoplifting Fighting Dropout Suicidal ideation
Consequences for Bystanders
Psychological consequences
Physiological consequences
Fear of becoming the victim
Two Paths of Prevention Social Emotional
Learning Programs (SEL)
Bullying Prevention Programs (BPP)
Effective SELs: Focus on the whole school and community Long-term Educate students on:
Self-regulationPerspective taking/empathyEmotion managementProblem solvingCommunication skillsFriendship skills
SEL SPOTLIGHT:
SECOND STEP Empathy, problem-solving, anger
management
A staff person is chosen to be “on-site trainer” for all other staff
SECOND STEP: Methods Teacher/counselor techniques:
Model behaviorCue, coach, reinforceAllow students to participate in decision making
Classroom lessons:Discuss emotional scenariosModel scenariosRole play and presentations
Effectiveness Reduces conduct problems
Improves social emotional skills
Effectiveness A Washington state study found that
Physical aggression decreasedVerbal hostility decreasedProsocial behavior increasedNeutral behavior increased
Effective BPPs Focus on whole school and community
Structured curriculum
Teach and encourage practice of new skills
Clear policies and procedures
Incorporate SEL techniques
Effective BPPs Train staff on:
Psychology of bullyingDeliveryReportingWorking one-on-one with bullies and victims
Classroom curriculum:Definition of bullyingClear rules and consequencesCommunication skillsBystander responsibilitiesReporting
BPP SPOTLIGHTTHE OLWEUS BULLYING PREVENTION PROGRAM
School, classroom and individual levels Bully/victim questionnaire Coordinating Committee & onsite coordinator Staff training Development of school rules Playground and lunchroom supervision plans Classroom lessons Parent meetings individual meetings with bullies, victims, and parents Evaluation through questionnaire
Effectiveness In Norway, bullying decreased by 50.9%
U.S. findings have not been consistent
Bullying incident density has been found to decrease with strict implementation
Olweus Results in Norway
What can School Counselors do?DATA COLLECTION:
Collect and interpret data to display need and secure funding
Collect and interpret school data to help choose a program
What can School Counselors do?COLLABORATION:
Assume role of on-site coordinator/trainer Train teachers and staff Educate staff on consequences of bullying Form and head committee Collaborate Train volunteers to monitor
lunchroom/playground Train parents
What can School Counselors do?CLASSROOM LEVEL:
Include students in creating rules and consequences
Classroom guidance lessons
What can School Counselors do?INDIVIDUAL LEVEL:
Counsel students
Model desired behavior in daily interactions
What can School Counselors do?EVALUATION:
Monitor consistency of staff
Encourage fidelity among staff
Collect and interpret data to evaluate interventions
Share successes with stakeholders
Implications for the Profession Stakeholders see the impact made by the
school counselor by looking at school data
As head of the committee, the school counselor is an indispensable resource
Committee meetings give opportunities to network with parents, teachers, and administrators
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