Presents Natural Resources ... - TRB Committee ADC602017 TRB Summer Workshop Duluth, Minnesota |...

• Aggregate & Ready Mix Association of Minnesota• Barr Engineering • Louis Berger • Bio Clean• Delta Air Lines • AMI Consulting Engineers P.A.

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2017 TRB Summer WorkshopDuluth, Minnesota | July 18-21

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Transportation Research Board Committee on Resource Conservation and RecoveryPresents

Natural Resources, Sustainability and Their Intermodal Connections

Platinum Sponsor

Gold Sponsor

Hosted and co-sponsored by:

Sponsoring TRB Committees•Resource Conservation and Recovery – ADC60

•Aggregates – AFP70•GeoEnvironmental Processes – AFP40

•Subcommittee on Sustainable Pavements – AFD00(1)

AGENDA

Tuesday, July 18

1:00 pm to 5:00 pm DECC Harborside Ballroom Level 1 Registration http://www.trb‐adc60.org/

DECC Harborside Ballroom Level 2 Sponsor Exhibits Set Up and Poster Set Up

3:00 pm to 5:30 pm – ADC‐60 Committee Business Meeting (Radisson Hotel) 6:00 pm to 8:30 pm – Ice Breaker Reception/Tour: Vista Fleet Harbor Tour

Wednesday, July 19 7:00 to 8:15 am – Registration and Breakfast Buffet; Continue Poster Set Up

8:15 am to 10:00 am Day 1 Opening Session (Rooms 303 & 304)

Moderator: Larry Zanko, University of Minnesota Duluth, NRRI Workshop Kickoff: Welcome Remarks & Host and Sponsor Acknowledgements

Cyrus Parker, Committee Chair ADC60; and Larry Zanko, Member AFP70 Duane Hill, District Engineer, MnDOT District 1 Elaine Hansen, Director, Center for Economic Development, University of Minnesota Duluth Rolf Weberg, Director, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth

Keynotes Transportation Infrastructure Overview Congressman Rick Nolan (video address)

Port of Duluth‐Superior: Gateway to the World Kate Ferguson, Director of Business Development, Duluth Seaway Port Authority

Sustainability – An Airline Perspective Steve Tochilin, General Manager, Environmental Sustainability Delta Air Lines

Follow‐up discussion and Q&A

Radisson Hotel

Vista Fleet Harbor Tour

DECC Harborside Ballrooms

Train Excursion Loads Here

Duluth Depot

Additional DECC maps are located on the last page of this program.

Welcome Remarks:

Cyrus Parker, Committee Chair ADC60 Larry Zanko, Member AFP70

Duane Hill District Engineer, MnDOT District 1

Elaine Hansen Director, Center for Economic Development, University of Minnesota Duluth

Rolf Weberg Director, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth

Congressman Rick Nolan (video address): Transportation Infrastructure Overview

Congressman Rick Nolan represents Minnesota’s sprawling 8th District – 18 counties that run from the top of the state’s Duluth/Lake Superior Arrowhead region, through some of the nation’s richest mining, timber, lakes and tourist country, to the fast‐growing northern suburbs of Minneapolis‐St. Paul. Rick grew up in Brainerd, Minnesota on the Cuyuna Range in the heart of the state’s lake country. Congressman Nolan served three terms in Congress from 1975‐1981; since being elected in 2012, he now holds the record for

the longest gap ever in Congressional service. He currently serves on the House Transportation and Agriculture Committees. Congressman Nolan is the former owner of Emily Wood Products, a small sawmill and pallet factory in the northern Minnesota community of Emily. Kate Ferguson, Duluth Seaway Port Authority: Port of Duluth‐Superior: Gateway to the World The Port of Duluth‐Superior is the largest tonnage port on the Great Lakes and continues to rank among the top 25 ports in the U.S., handling an average of 35 million short tons of cargo and hosting nearly 900 vessel visits each year. Learn about how the Port of Duluth‐Superior connects the region’s natural resources to the global economy as well as the importance of Great Lakes transportation and multi‐modal connectivity.

Kate Ferguson was named Director of Business Development for the Duluth Seaway Port Authority, effective July 13, 2015. She is the first point of contact for companies pursuing domestic and international trade opportunities. Responsible for developing, attracting and retaining business for the Port Authority and its properties, she also coordinates business expansion prospects with industrial development organizations throughout the region. Ferguson has a decade of professional experience and credentials in the arena of business development, account management and supply chain logistics. Her expertise crosses a wide range of industries and encompasses materials moved by water, road and rail here in the Twin Ports and across the Upper

Midwest. Ferguson was supply chain informatics senior specialist for Essentia Health. She spent nine years earlier working in transportation logistics – first with Great Lakes Fleet (GLF) and later with Canadian National Railway – analyzing and improving efficiencies in cargo movement between ports and facilities along the Great Lakes‐Seaway system. Ferguson holds bachelor’s degrees in transportation and logistics management and computer information systems from the University of Wisconsin‐Superior, an MBA from the University of Minnesota Duluth and is pursuing a doctorate in

transportation and logistics from North Dakota State University. She is certified by the American Society of Transportation and Logistics and is a guest lecturer at UWS. She currently is president of the Propeller Club of Duluth‐Superior and serves on the board of directors for the Spirit Mountain Recreation Area Authority. Steve Tochilin, Delta Air Lines: Sustainability – An Airline Perspective This presentation provides an overview of Delta's environmental sustainability program, with an emphasis on resource conservation strategies (including recycling and biofuels), environmental challenges, airport considerations (maintenance, deicing, etc), and inter‐connections with other modes of transportation.

Steve Tochilin is general manager of environmental sustainability for Delta Air Lines. His team champions Delta’s efforts to reduce its environmental impact and engage employees and customers on environmental initiatives. Steve oversees Delta’s carbon management and environmental health programs, and coordinates company‐wide reporting on environmental, social and governance performance. Steve has a bachelor’s degree in environmental toxicology from UC Davis, a master’s degree in environmental health from UC Berkeley, and an MBA from Georgia State University. Steve has 38 years of

environmental, health and safety experience, including 23 years at Delta. He is a fellow in the American Industrial Hygiene Association and is past‐chair of the ASHRAE aircraft cabin air quality standard committee.

10:00 am to 10:15 am – Refreshment Break

10:15 am to 12:00 pm Day 1 Morning Focus Session (Rooms 303 & 304)

Moderator: James Sharrow, Duluth Seaway Port Authority Private and Public Partnerships: Harbor Management and Beneficial Reuse of

Dredged Materials for Brownfield Projects and Habitat Restoration Duluth‐Superior Harbor Planning: A Model for Stakeholder Collaboration

Ron Chicka, Director Duluth‐Superior Metropolitan Interstate Council

Brownfield Success Duluth‐Style: City and Port Rejuvenation With a Side of Dredge Material Reuse

Deborah DeLuca, Director of Government & Environmental Affairs

Duluth Seaway Port Authority

Heidi Timm‐Bijold, Manager, Business Development

City of Duluth

Creative Use of Navigational Dredge Material to Remove Beneficial Use Impairments Through Aquatic Habitat Restoration in the St. Louis River Area of Concern

Nelson French, Lake Superior Great Lakes Unit Supervisor Minnesota Pollution Control

Agency Dan Breneman, Project Manager


Ron Chicka, Duluth‐Superior Metropolitan Interstate Council: Duluth‐Superior Harbor Planning: A Model for Stakeholder Collaboration Complex and controversial issues and the need for public‐private collaboration are familiar challenges for all transportation planners, engineers, researchers and consultants. Often the main barrier to transitioning a group of willing stakeholders into a functioning working group is the lack of a champion or sponsor. The Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) is uniquely situated to serve this role, as a neutral transportation planning agency with a primary responsibility of creating opportunities for public participation. The Harbor Technical Advisory Committee (HTAC) is one of three advisory committees to the Metropolitan Interstate Council (MIC), the federally designated MPO for the Duluth‐Superior urbanized area. The MIC includes funding and staffing resources for this harbor group in its annual work program, along with the typical roadway, transit and land use planning activities. The HTAC meets quarterly and is structured as a working group for addressing challenges and opportunities in the Duluth‐Superior harbor, while promoting the port’s economic and environmental importance to both communities. Port‐centered issues are usually complex, often controversial and sometimes downright contentious: dredged material management; marine safety; port security; land and recreational uses; economic development proposals; accelerated corrosion of maritime infrastructure; ballast water and invasive species management; legacy environmental degradation and habitat restoration initiatives ‐‐ to name a few. None of these problems affects one group alone, and none can be addressed except through the coordinated action of many diverse organizations and individuals. The HTAC has emerged as a national model for doing just that, through planning, collaboration, information sharing and long‐term institutional involvement.

Ron has been with the MIC since 1995. The full range of the MIC’s transportation activities–from pedestrians and bike travel to train, truck and air travel to roadway planning–continues to be rewarding and stimulating. Ron has a B.S. in Geography from the University of Wisconsin‐Madison and a Master’s Degree in Urban Planning from the University of Kansas. He is a Certified Planner and also serves on a number of national transportation related committees. As MIC Director, he is responsible for overall administrative functions and project oversight, including: Development of the MIC Work Program and budget; Consultation with

local, state and federal officials on transportation activities; State and federal legislation review; and Progress reports to MIC and ARDC Boards, participation on project steering committees Outside of work, Ron enjoys many outdoor activities including travel, golfing, biking, and cross‐country skiing. A favorite pastime is competing in combined biking and running events (duathlons) throughout Wisconsin and Minnesota over the summer months. Deborah DeLuca, Duluth Seaway Port Authority & Heidi Timm‐Bijold, City of Duluth: Brownfield Success Duluth‐Style: City and Port Rejuvenation with a Side of Dredge Material Reuse Duluth is in the midst of a decades-long renaissance. The City has restructured its economic base, revived its built environment, and is experiencing new vibrancy. While we are still a proud port city, our economy is more diverse. Manufacturing and transportation/shipping are still important, but so are health care, education and tourism. And yet, Duluth is a fully built city: all development necessary to grow these key industries requires re-development. Challenges remain: how do we continue to grow our key industries? How do we provide ample workforce and affordable housing? How do we capitalize on our assets (access to the outdoors and unparalleled recreation opportunities, an existing robust multi-modal freight network, a strong post-secondary education system, a wealth of natural resources commodities, ample dredge material in need of re-use) and attract private investment capital? City of Duluth and Duluth Seaway Port Authority staff share the history of brownfield reuse in Duluth and provide lessons in how to build a brownfield program tailored to the unique needs of a community.

Over twenty‐five years of experience in cleanup and redevelopment of contaminated property and in successful program development, project management, and acquisition and administration of grant funds, including interpretation and monitoring of relevant regulatory and legislative activity. An innovative leader and problem solver with strong communication skills.

Heidi Timm‐Bijold is the Manager of Business Resources for the City of Duluth, Minnesota. In that capacity, she serves as a project manager for both the city and its economic development authority (DEDA) in projects that typically involve varying aspects of contamination cleanup, redevelopment and infrastructure challenges. She serves on the Board of Directors of Minnesota Brownfields. Prior to her employment with the City, Ms. Timm‐Bijold’s career focused upon business incubation and entrepreneurship training.

Nelson T. French & Dan Breneman, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency: Creative Use of Navigational Dredge Material to Remove Beneficial Use Impairments Through Aquatic Habitat Restoration in the St. Louis River Area of Concern In 2013, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) developed a unique partnership agreement, which changed the direction of efforts to restore aquatic habitat in the St. Louis River Area of Concern (SLRAOC). The partnership was formed to design and construct aquatic habitat restoration for the purpose of improving benthic and aquatic vegetation conditions the river through the use of navigational dredge material from the port’s navigational channels. The partnership agreement was funded by the federal Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) and Minnesota Clean Water Fund. All construction funding been provided through the federal Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund, which pays for ongoing harbor maintenance, and through GLRI funds to dredge, move, and place sediment at 21st Avenue W. and 40th Avenue W restoration sites. The projects will contribute to the removal of several beneficial use impairments in the SLRAOC and will serve as a model approach for use other Areas of Concern across the Great Lakes.

Nelson T. French is the Great Lakes‐Lake Superior Unit Supervisor for the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency where he is working with others to protect Lake Superior, with a focus on overseeing remediation, restoration and removal of beneficial use impairments in the St. Louis River Area of Concern and the Lake Superior Lakewide Action Management Plan. He joined the agency in this capacity in March, 2011. Nelson had prior experience with the MPCA when he served for five years as Legislative Affairs Director in the Commissioner’s office.

Dan Breneman is a project manager with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency involved in assessing restoration site conditions and designing habitat restoration projects that address Beneficial Use Impairments in the St. Louis River estuary. Dan is particularly interested in beneficially using navigational dredge material to reach project construction goals and reduce overall project costs. Under Dan’s leadership, the 21st Avenue West Aquatic Habitat Restoration Project was the recipient of a 2016 Minnesota State Government Innovation Award from the Bush Foundation and Humphrey School of Public Affairs.

12:00 pm to 1:00 pm – Buffet Lunch (Level 1 – Horizon Room)

1:00 pm to 2:45 pm Afternoon Breakout Session 1A (Room 302)

Moderator: Joyce Rebar, Maryland Transportation Authority Water Quality: Stormwater Management, Treatment Methods, and Performance

Removing Metals from Stormwater Using Peat Sorption Media

Paul Eger, Environmental Engineer Global Minerals Engineering LLC, Hibbing MN

Comparing Properties of Alternative Media for Stormwater Biofiltration Systems

David Saftner, Assistant Professor Swenson College of Science and Engineering, UMD

A Field Guide for Maintaining Rural Roadside Ditches

Jesse Schomberg, Extension Educator University of Minnesota Sea Grant Program

Roadside Swales Infiltration Performance Calculator

Maria Garcia‐Seranna, PhD Candidate Department of Civil, Environ‐mental, and Geo‐Engineering, University of Minnesota

John Gulliver

John Nieber

Paul Eger, Global Minerals Engineering LLC: Water Quality: Stormwater Management, Treatment Methods, and Performance Peat based sorption media has been used successfully to remove metals from a variety of industrial stormwaters. Urban Accessories operates a small foundry in Tacoma, Washington and had elevated levels of copper in their stormwater. Conventional treatment options were too expensive so they decided to try a novel passive treatment approach using peat based sorption media. The media was incorporated into homemade filter socks which were inexpensive and easy to make. Copper concentrations met the permit limit immediately after installation and the site has been in compliance ever since the media was installed in 2010. This approach has also been used successfully at other industrial sites for zinc removal and has application for any source of stormwater including transportation projects. The media was used by MnDOT when the Highway 35 Bridge collapsed to prevent any metals from reaching the Mississippi River.

Paul Eger is an environmental engineer with Global Minerals Engineering. He has over 40 years of experience dealing with environmental issues related to mining and water resources both in the public and private sector. His technical expertise focuses on water treatment, waste management, reclamation and regulatory issues.

David Saftner, Swenson College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth: Comparing Properties of Alternative Media for Stormwater Biofiltration Systems Impervious roadways lead to an increase in runoff volume, peak discharge intensity, and stormwater runoff with accumulated pollutants. Current regulations require treatment of the first inch of highway stormwater runoff. However, water retention and pollutant removal efficiency varies significantly according to the media utilized in biofiltration systems. Current Minnesota Department of Transportation specifications utilize a mixture of organic compost and clean sand to support vegetative growth, allow stormwater infiltration, and improve water quality. The use of salvage material locally available for biofiltration media has economic benefits, but treatment performance is largely unknown. A multidisciplinary effort was conducted to determine the treatment efficiency of salvaged peat, muck, compost and taconite tailings collected from northern Minnesota in biofiltration systems. The study included investiga¬tions of soil fertility, plant growth, water infiltration and retention capacity, and pollutant removal efficiencies. Results of a series of laboratory experiments indicated that salvaged peat performed as well or better than compost as it has high moisture holding capacity, hydraulic conductivity, pollutant removal efficiency, and supports plant establishment and growth. Taconite tailings and sand have similar hydraulic and geotechnical performance, making them interchangeable from a civil engineering perspective. Taconite tailings also showed the potential to remove phosphate from water.

Dr. David Saftner is an Associate Professor at the University of Minnesota Duluth’s Department of Civil Engineering. Dr. Saftner earned a BS from the United States Military Academy and an MS and PhD from the University of Michigan. Dr. Saftner’s areas of research include geotechnical site investigation and characterization, beneficial reuse of waste soil material, and teaching and learning in engineering education.

Jesse Schomberg, University of Minnesota Sea Grant Program: A Field Guide for Maintaining Rural Roadside Ditches In three rural NE Minnesota watersheds (Sucker, Knife, and Poplar Rivers), miles of ditch channel approximately equal the miles of stream channels (assuming a ditch on both sides of every road); thus essentially doubling the network of drainage channels. Discussions with road and conservation personnel about what could be done with roads and ditches to reduce the impacts of stormwater runoff on streams highlighted a need for a ditch maintenance guide specific to this region that could be used for training of road and ditch maintenance workers (Brady and Breneman 2008). In response, we developed a “Field Guide for Maintaining Rural Roadside Ditches.” The guidebook focuses on proper routine maintenance of rural roadside ditches, with a major focus on helping maintenance workers identify what problems are serious enough that the advice of a supervisor or engineer is recommended. Out of 30 evaluations to date, most thought the field guide would help improve water quality or reduce environmental impacts of ditch maintenance (86% = yes).

Jesse Schomberg is the Associate Director of Outreach and Coastal Communities and Land Use Planning Extension Educator for the University of Minnesota Sea Grant Program, with expertise in stream ecology, stormwater runoff, and connections between the landscape and water quality. Mr. Schomberg has conducted stormwater and land use planning programming for Sea Grant since 2002. As part of this effort, he co‐developed the award‐winning Watershed Game, with 145 trained facilitators in 15 states, and co‐led development of the “Field Guide for Maintaining Rural Roadside Ditches.” Jesse also leads a beach safety educational program for MN Sea Grant. Jesse was promoted to Extension Program Leader in 2010 and Associate Director of Outreach in 2017. Jesse also had the pleasure of serving as Interim co‐Director of MN Sea Grant from April‐Dec of 2015. He has a BS

in biology from the University of Minnesota Duluth and an MS in biology from Idaho State University. Maria Garcia‐Seranna, John Gulliver, and John Nieber: Roadside Swales Infiltration Performance Calculator Roadside swales are low impact development practices for stormwater treatment and control. A roadside swale calculator has been developed to quantify their infiltration performance. The inputs of the calculator are the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil, widths of the swale and road, and the location’s rainfall volume or frequency percentile as a function of rainfall depth. The calculator can be used to determine: 1) the total percentage of annual volume infiltrated or the percentage of events captured by roadside swales, and 2) the percentage infiltration achieved by a roadside swale for a given rainfall depth objective.

John Gulliver is a professor of Civil, Environmental and Geo‐engineering, performing his research at the St. Anthony Falls Laboratory. Much of his research, in conjunction with other faculty, involves the development of new technology for the treatment of road runoff and assessment of field performance of stormwater treatment practices, including the SAFL Baffle, which converts any sump into an effective sediment settling device, the Iron‐Enhanced Sand Filter, which removes dissolved, as well as particulate phosphorus, and the MPD Infiltrometer, which can measure infiltration into soil accurately and effectively with minimal volume of water. He has investigated the retention of metals by bioretention media, the infiltration rates of various

stormwater treatment practices, the impact of various types of impervious areas on runoff, and the impact of climate change on stormwater infrastructure. He is a co‐author of the book, Optimizing Stormwater Treatment Practices: A Handbook of Assessment and Maintenance, published by Springer.

1:00 pm to 2:45 pm Afternoon Breakout Session 1B (Room 305)

Moderator: Marsha Patelke, Natural Resources Research Institute, UMD Selected Student Podium Presentations: Prelude to Posters

Glass as a Supplementary Cementitious Material

Colton Moore, Graduate Student, Civil Engineering

Swenson College of Science and Engineering, UMD

Using Waste Glass to Mitigate ASR in Taconite Nathan Doolittle, Student Swenson College of Science and Engineering, UMD

Alkali Leaching Properties of Waste Glass‐Based Geopolymers

Corey Schlosser, Student Swenson College of Science and Engineering, UMD

Equity Analysis of Access to Bike Share: A Case Study in Twin Cities, MN

Jueyu Wang, PhD Student University of Minnesota

Spatial‐Temporal Models of Bike Share Trips in the Twin Cities

Jueyu Wang, PhD Student University of Minnesota

Impact of Road Intersection on Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gases Emission on Dhaka‐Chittagong National Highway, Bangladesh

MD Zia Uddin, Graduate Student Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan

Colton Moore, Swenson College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth: Glass as a Supplementary Cementitious Material Supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) are often used to replace a portion of portland cement in concrete to improve the properties or to enhance the sustainability of the concrete. Fly ash, slag, and silica fume are the most commonly used SCMs, but more recently, ground glass has become a popular material to consider. Currently, less than 30% of the glass that makes it into the municipal solid waste stream is recycled. Utilizing ground glass in concrete will provide a market for this discarded glass, and will help to reduce the amount of cement used, thereby reducing the carbon dioxide emissions associated with the concrete mixture. It is a common misconception that all glass is the same. Depending on where and how the glass is collected, a waste glass stream can consist of many different types of glass, which can affect its performance in concrete. For this reason, the focus of this work is to determine the effect that changing the glass composition will have on the compressive strength of mortars. Ten different glass compositions with three different replacement rates will be investigated.

Colton Moore received his civil engineering bachelor’s degree from the University of Minnesota Duluth in May 2016. He is now pursing his master’s degree from the University of Minnesota Duluth for civil engineering and is expected to graduate in May 2018. His research focus is comparing different compositions of recycled glass in concrete mixtures.

Nathan Doolittle, Swenson College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth: Using Waste Glass to Mitigate ASR in Taconite This study investigated the alkali‐silica reaction (ASR) mitigation potential of ground waste glass in mixtures containing reactive taconite aggregate. Taconite, an iron‐containing rock, is common in Minnesota near the Mesabi Iron Range. Taconite tailings are an inexpensive waste material that possesses high strength, durability hardness, angularity and low moisture adsorption. Evidence from past studies indicates a susceptibility to alkali‐silica reaction (ASR). Once the reactivity of the taconite was confirmed via ASTM C1260, further testing was conducted to determine if the expansion could be mitigated. Two

sources of ground waste glass were included in mortar mixtures at 20%, 30% and 40% replacement rates by mass per ASTM C1567. The inclusion of waste glass reduces ASR potential by invoking a pozzolanic reaction in the mortar, helping tie up the alkalis added from the cement, potentially preventing expansion from occurring. Results from testing has shown that the inclusion of ground waste glass reduces expansion. The OPC, 20%, 30% and 40% mixes had expansions of 0.51%, 0.15%, 0.1% and 0.01% respectfully. ASTM C1567 specifies that mixes under 0.1% expansion are innocuous and mixes above 0.2% are potentially deleterious. Future testing will determine the compressive strength, durability and overall practicality of each successful mixture.

Nathan Doolittle is a civil engineering student that recently earned his baccalaureate degree in civil engineering from the University of Minnesota Duluth in April 2017. He currently holds a temporary EIT position at Beton Consulting Engineers in Mendota Heights and will be returning to UMD in fall 2017 to begin his Master’s degree in civil engineering. His research under Dr. Mary Christiansen includes the mitigation of Alkali‐Silica Reaction (ASR) in concrete and the use of ground waste glass as a supplementary cementitious material in concrete. Nathan is an active member of ASCE, ACI and the concrete canoe team at UMD.

Corey Schlosser, Swenson College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth: Alkali Leaching Properties of Waste Glass‐Based Geopolymers Geopolymers are a promising green alternative to portland cement due to the potential for high volume usage of waste materials and a lower carbon footprint. Geopolymers possess many of the same properties as PC concrete, but differences in their chemistry and microstructural properties could allow for use in specialized applications such as precast concrete. This research considers 16 waste glass streams that have been chemically activated with an alkali solution. Due to the high silica and alkali content and low alumina content typical in waste glass, alkali leaching issues are prevalent. The objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between the elemental oxide composition of a waste glass and the resulting leaching properties. Conductivity, pH, strength loss in water and leachate composition and concentration data are collected for each glass type to determine the leaching characteristics as glass composition changes. Preliminary results have shown significant alkali leaching in many of the glasses tested. In the second phase of the research, various sources of alumina will be added to reduce or eliminate the leaching by tying up free monovalent cations

Corey Schlosser is a graduate student at the University of Minnesota Duluth. He earned his Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering in May 2016 and returned for his graduate studies in Civil Engineering the following September. Corey has been working under the supervision of Dr. Mary Christiansen on graduate research in the area of ground glass‐based geopolymer cement concrete. He is expected to complete his research work in the fall of 2017.

Jueyu Wang, University of Minnesota: Equity Analysis of Access to Bike Share: A Case Study in Twin Cities, MN Bike share programs have become increasingly popular around the world and in the US because of the transport, environmental, and health benefits they may offer. Previous studies have shown that low‐income individuals, females, and minorities are under‐represented among bike share users. Inequitable access to bike share programs has been a major concern. However, limited research has been conducted onthe distribution of bike share stations and equity of access to stations is in a region. This paper develops a comprehensive method to quantify the access to bike share, combined with a measure, the GINI coefficient, to assess both the horizontal and vertical equity of bike share access in Twin Cities. The Twin Cities bike share system (Nice Ride) has grown substantially from 65 station in 2010 to 190 stations in 2014. A system‐wide assessment of bike share access to the population and/or employment confirms a horizontal inequity of bike share access. Comparison of GINI coefficients for bike share access among different population subgroups demonstrate the vertical inequity for various disadvantaged groups. Jueyu Wang, University of Minnesota: Spatial‐Temporal Models of Bike Share Trips in the Twin Cities Bike share programs have become increasingly popular throughout world, with over 1000 cities operating programs. A major challenge facing all bike share programs is bike re‐balancing among stations. This paper seeks to understand bike share demand, which is necessary to solve the re‐balancing problem. Using Twin Cities as a case study, we develop a series of spatial‐temporal models for bike share station trips (i.e., originations, destinations) by type of users, and examine the effects of bicycle infrastructure, land use, weather and events on bike pick‐up and drop‐off. The models developed in the paper are distinctive in considering spatial and temporal autocorrelation and provide more robust estimation results. The results both confirm findings of previous studies and provide new insights. To validate the models, we predict the bike share trips at newly

installed stations in 2016. The paper concludes by discussing the policy implications for bike share station location choices, re‐balancing, and land use planning around bike share stations.

Jueyu (Olivia) Wang is a PhD student at Humphrey School of Public Affairs, with a focus in Urban Planning. Olivia currently studies non‐motorized transportation, including the interaction between active transportation and built environment, potential health and environmental benefits of active transportation, and spatial equity issues related to active transportation. Her goal is to pursue an academic career in the field of transportation planning, dedicated to resolving complex urban transportation problems and seeking creative approaches to help develop a sustainable urban future.

Md Zia Uddin, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan: Impact of Road Intersection on Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gases Emission on Dhaka‐Chittagong National Highway, Bangladesh Frequent road intersections substantially reduce the level of service and increase Vehicle Operating Time (VOT) of Dhaka‐Chittagong National Highway (DCNH), the major transport corridor of Bangladesh that eventually leads to inefficient fuel economy and excessive greenhouse gases (GHG) emission. The article attempts to estimate the fuel loss due to the lost time at intersections and successive GHG emission. The transport sector's energy demand in Bangladesh is supported mostly by imported fuel that drains out foreign currency and hinders GDP growth. In spite of upgrading DCNH into a four‐lane highway, major road intersections reduce vehicle speed and increase congestion time and eventually burn fuel. Fuel expenses during this lost time covers no distance but increases COx, NOx, SOx emission within the vicinity of road, generates additional heat and contributes to road side temperature. In the face of 20% traffic growth on this corridor, in this study, average lost time has been estimated 190 hours at an intersection for annual average daily traffic 15438 vehicle/day as well as 292117.6 gallon fuel loss for different vehicle classes which impose threat to economic growth and subsequent idling emission for EFI and MFI engine contributes to transport sector pollution.

Md Zia Uddin is a Graduate Student of School of Life and Environmental Sciences in University of Tsukuba, Japan. Since 2012, as a member of Government Civil Service, he has been discharging his duties and responsibilities as a Transportation Engineer in Roads and Highways Department under Ministry of Road Transport and Bridges of Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. He completed his graduation in Civil Engineering from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Followed by the graduation, he stared working as a consultant to private infrastructure development. After

that as a macro planner, he acted as a Scientific Officer in Water Resources Planning Organization in Bangladesh and significantly contributed to compose Bangladesh Water Act. He was also employed as an Assistant Director in Bangladesh Bank, the central bank of the country and gained expertise on financial intelligence. In 2016 he has been honored as a JDS (Japanese Grant Aid Human Resource Development) scholar, to participate a fully funded Master’s Program in Japan. He is a proud member of recognized professional body like American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), Institute of Engineers, Bangladesh (IEB) and Roads and Highways Department Engineer’s Association (RHDEA). He has been certified by Sustainability, Science, Technology, and Policy (SUSTEP) program in University of Tsukuba. In 2013, International Road Assessment Programme (iRAP) recognized him as a road safety expert.

2:45 pm to 3:15 pm – Refreshment Break and Poster Session


Moderator: Cyrus Parker, North Carolina Department of Transportation Recycling, Waste Management, and Sustainable Right of Way Practices

PennDOT I‐95 Waste Management Practices: Waste Minimization By Design

Eric Schmidley, Senior Project Manager

AECOM, Greater Philadelphia Area, PA

Bridge Demolition Environmental Requirements Mark Vogel, Project Team Leader, Certified Hazardous Materials Manager (CHMM)

Minnesota Department of Transportation, St. Paul MN

Environmental Stewardship of Used Building Materials

Steve Thomas, Founder and Social Enterprise Development Officer

Better Futures Minnesota, Minneapolis MN

Use of Recycled Asphalt Shingles in Roadways Tuncer B. Edil, Director Recycled Materials Resource

Center, University of Wisconsin – Madison Angela Pakes, Technical Director

Eric Schmidley, AECOM: PennDOT I‐95 Waste Management Practices: Waste Minimization By Design Regulated waste is a significant management issue for the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) reconstruction of the I‐95 interstate through the heart of Philadelphia. Reconstruction of Sector A, encompassing five interchanges and eight total miles of lane improvement, manages Historic Fill, Regulated Fill, Residual Waste and even Hazardous Waste. Historic Fill is a significant portion of the waste, commonly a broad mix of debris laced with heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and petroleum hydrocarbons. PennDOT accomplishes waste minimization and reuse in a regulation compliant, programmatic manner. Minimization begins at concept design, focuses through graded stages of environmental due diligence, materializes at final design and is best assured at construction through use of effective contract waste special provisions. Due diligence must answer this: If soils or groundwater associated with a project feature were eventually excavated or intercepted, how would they be classified as waste and how could they be reused or reclaimed on the project? Reuse solutions are found in joint use of the Management of Fill Policy (MoFP) and Act 2 Land Recycling Program (Act 2). Regulated Fill and the more impacted Residual Waste must be identified relative to these regulatory programs to allow Designers to quantify and direct reuse as over embankment or passive waste, reducing demand for foreign borrow. The Act 2 Site‐specific standard or Special Industrial Area standard allow reuse of Residual Waste, if negotiated in advance with Pennsylvania’s Department of Environmental Protection, reducing expensive offsite treatment or landfilling. Once waste solutions are “designed‐in” to the project, contract measures best assure implementation. These include: a mandated preferred order of soil reuse; pre‐classification of soils prior to excavation; required use of template sampling plans for construction surprises; broad disposal options in both Pennsylvania and New Jersey and a website database with smart phone access for real‐time field decisions.

Eric Schmidley, PG is a trained and experienced quantitative Remediation Hydrogeologist and Senior Project Manager at AECOM Technical Services, Inc. with over 25 years’ experience providing solutions to environmental concerns on behalf of commercial, industrial and municipal clients, including the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) for the past 15 years. He is a registered Professional Geologist in Pennsylvania and Delaware. He has designed and managed soil and groundwater remediation programs for chlorinated solvents, petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals, salt brines and pesticides under a variety of regulatory programs such as Pennsylvania’s Acts 2 and 32; New Jersey’s ISRA and VCP; Delaware’s DERBCAP; New York’s STARS program and U.S. EPA’s RCRA and CERCLA programs. Currently serving as Waste Specialist

to PennDOT Engineering District 6‐0 on the $5.5B reconstruction of I‐95 Sector A in Philadelphia. Responsible for assisting Designers with management of environmental waste soils for innovative reuse in the corridor.

Mark Vogel, MnDOT: Bridge Demolition Environmental Requirements Prior to demolishing a bridge rules must be followed to determine the presence and proper management of regulated materials. Regulated materials include asbestos, PCB’s, mercury, and lead. The Minnesota Dept of Transportation (MnDOT), Office of Environmental Service developed a bridge demolition compliance web site to assist in simplifying these rules. It is designed for MnDOT projects to be a guide, to comply with MN Pollution Control Agency, MN Dept of Health, and U.S. Dept of Transportation (Hazardous Materials) regulations. We will talk about MnDOT’s history with regulated materials and what we are finding in our bridges.

Mark Vogel has worked at MnDOT for over 30 years and has more than 20 years’ experience working with hazardous and regulated materials. Mark has been a Certified Hazardous Materials Manager (CHMM) for over 20 years. He provides training and is a project manager overseeing asbestos and regulated waste removal activities, multi‐state agency regulated waste contracts, and leads MnDOT’s environmental audit programs. Mark enjoys the outdoors, fishing, and hunting.

Steve Thomas, Better Futures Minnesota: Environmental Stewardship of Used Building Materials The second largest component of America’s waste stream is material generated by construction and demolition activities. Only 20‐30 percent of this waste is recycled in Minnesota. Data from Better Futures and the NRRI indicates every ton of building material buried in landfills emits 1.12 metric tons of carbon dioxide. Better Futures and its partners are helping to develop a much “cleaner” alternative to this current practice of dumping. The new approach is deconstruction; a process of taking apart a building in a methodical manner to preserve the maximum amount of material. The reclaimed material can be reused, repurposed into new goods, or, as a last resort, recycled. On average, 86% of all building material from Better Futures deconstruction projects is diverted from landfills. This new practice typically results in the net zero emissions of greenhouse gasses. This presentation will describe the multiple benefits of deconstruction and material reuse. This includes a review of the extensive amount of environmental impact data developed by Better Futures and its partner NRRI. The presentation will also outline recommendations for making building deconstruction and material reuse a sustainable enterprise statewide. This includes policy and practice reforms for State, county, and local public agencies to consider.

Steve Thomas is a social entrepreneur with 35 years of success in designing, launching, and operating innovative public service ventures in communities across the country. In 2007, he developed and launched Better Futures Minnesota, a social enterprise that offers integrated care and opportunities for single men, mostly Black men, with histories of incarceration and homelessness and little to no work experience. Better Futures’ fuels a participant’s desire to turn their lives around and walk a new path toward better health and success. This enterprise is also changing the debilitating and costly practices that produce poor results and perpetuate the chaos and cycles of dependency experienced

by the men served. Thomas assembled nearly $22 million in financing to start and operate this enterprise, including more than $3 million in earned income from Better Futures’ business activities. In its first six years, Better Futures served over 700 men, employed more than 400 men, and generated promising results such as higher employment and wage rates, better health outcomes, and lower return to prison rates. In May 2014, Thomas worked with his Board of Directors to select his successor. He now serves as an advisor to the new President and CEO and serves as the company’s Social Enterprise Development Officer. Prior to creating Better Futures, Thomas held several senior executive positions at the Corporation for Supportive Housing (CSH), a national intermediary that helps create affordable housing with services for persons with chronic medical, mental health and other disabilities. As the Chief Operating Officer (COO) from 2000 to 2005, Thomas directed all of CSH’s consulting, investing, lending, and grant‐making activities in 14 states. Before assuming the position of COO, Thomas started and directed the CSH Minnesota office from 1993 to 2000. He joined CSH after serving as the Chief Operating Officer of the Westminster Corporation, a developer and manager of affordable housing in St. Paul. Prior to his work at Westminster, Thomas held several appointive positions in New York City government. As Assistant Commissioner in the City’s Department of Correction, he managed all of the medical and mental health services and drug treatment programs for inmates in the City’s jail system. He also served as director of New York’s emergency housing and financial assistance program for homeless families and as a budget analyst for the City’s Office of Management and Budget. Thomas earned his AB in Government from the University of Notre Dame and completed his graduate work in Public Policy at Duke University. In 2013, he received The Irish Impact Social Entrepreneur of the Year Award from The Gigot Center for Entrepreneurship at the University of Notre Dame. In 2013 and 2014, he served as an instructor during social enterprise “boot camps” at the University of Notre Dame and he was a visiting instructor at Duke University in the spring of 1990. Tuncer B. Edil and Angela Pakes, Recycled Materials Resource Center, University of Wisconsin – Madison: Use of Recycled Asphalt Shingles in Roadways Approximately 11 million tons of waste asphalt roofing shingles are generated per year in the U.S. of which 10 million tons are tear‐off roofing shingles and 1 million tons is factory scraps. Current applications of recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) including use in hot mix asphalt (HMA), as cold patch to repair pavements, as supplemental fuel in cement kiln dust industry, and as temporary paving in rural roads and trails, only reuse 10‐20% of the asphalt shingle waste and the remainder is landfilled Therefore, there is a need to find high‐volume applications for RAS. Another potential application, which could use large volume of asphalt shingle waste, is structural fill including highway embankment fills or backfill behind retaining walls. Research results has shown that RAS mixed with granular materials or stabilized with cementitious materials have appropriate shear strength, drainage capacity, and compressibility as embankment fill. Laboratory test results suggested that thermal conditioning, in which the RAS mixture is compacted and compressed at elevated temperatures, increases the shear strength and reduce the compressibility of the RAS mixtures. Results also showed that RAS mixed with granular materials or stabilized with maximum of 10% fly ash is environmentally acceptable and have metal concentrations below maximum limits.

Angela Pakes earned her BS in Geological Engineering with a BS in Geology/Geophysics at UW‐Madison in 1996, and her MSE in Civil & Environmental Engineering from the University of Michigan‐Ann Arbor in 1997. She joined the Grainger Institute for Engineering at UW‐Madison in August 2016 as an Assistant Director of New Technology Directions. Since 2012, Angela has been the active Managing Director for the Recycled Materials Resource Center (RMRC) ‐ fourth generation (RMRC‐4G). The RMRC‐4G seeks smart engineering alternatives for using industry byproducts to construct greener roads and infrastructure for our built environment.


Moderator: Helen Corley, Amec Foster Wheeler Climate Adaptation and Resiliency: Climatological Considerations in Managing Transportation Assets

Climate Change Vulnerabilities and Risk Based Management for Transportation Assets Art Hirsch, Principal Owner

TerraLogic Sustainable Solutions, Boulder CO

Integration of Climate Change Resiliency into State of Good Repair

Elizabeth Delaney, Vice President First Environment, Inc., Boonton NJ

Weather, Season, and Weekend vs. Weekday Effects on Trail Traffic in Different Land Use Environments

Lila Singer‐Berk, Research Assistant Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota Greg Lindsey, Professor

Delivering Sustainable Infrastructure for California

Margaret Cederoth, Sustainability Manager

California High Speed Rail Authority, Sacramento CA

Art Hirsch, TerraLogic Sustainable Solutions: Climate Change Vulnerabilities and Risk Based Management for Transportation Assets In the face of the new Federal Executive Branch’s denial, the climate is changing in a dramatic fashion. The vast majority of scientists identify that warming of the planet is occurring. During the Obama Administration climate change was recognized as a threat to transportation infrastructure and systems. In December, 2014 FHWA issued Executive Order to establish the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) policy on preparedness and resilience to climate change and extreme weather events. The climate change impacts upon transportation systems will be felt short term via episodic‐extreme weather events and long term climatic changes resulting from increased temperatures. This presentation provides an overview of climate change risk management approaches for transportation system assets. The FHWA developed the voluntary Climate Change and Extreme Weather Vulnerability Assessment Framework that was the product of ten risk management pilot studies. FHWA is still promoting highway resilience to extreme weather events in roadway design, and operation and maintenance. The risk management and asset resilience management involves a change in the decision making process to address climate change risks. There are state and local agencies that recognize this climate change threat that can impact the integrity of their transportation systems over the long term. TerraLogic Sustainable Solutions (Art Hirsch) will provide an overview of a conceptual application of the FHWA Climate Change and Extreme Weather Vulnerability Assessment Framework on a segment of Interstate 70 west from Vail to Glenwood Springs, Colorado. The presentation will provide a stepwise process on how to conduct a climate change vulnerability and risk management analysis.

Art Hirsch is the principal owner of TerraLogic Sustainable Solutions located in Boulder, Colorado and the co‐leader for the Denver Colorado ASCE Sustainability Chapter. Art’s expertise is in the area of environmental‐transportation consulting with an emphasis on infrastructure sustainability, climate change adaptation and risk management and unmanned aerial vehicle services and stormwater and water resources management. Over the past 15 years, he has worked on various types of sustainability and research and development based transportation projects for the Colorado Department of Transportation, the Federal Highway Administration, the World Bank and the U.S. Agency for International Development. He has consulted with the Colorado Department of Transportation and the University of Colorado at Boulder on climate change

impacts to transportation assets. Art Hirsch is a long time member of the TRB ADC 60 Committee. Elizabeth Delaney, First Environment, Inc.: Integration of Climate Change Resiliency into State of Good Repair This presentation will discuss the nexus between climate resiliency and state of good repair (SOGR). With climate change impacting assets and operations, SOGR is increasingly becoming a moving target. The speaker will identify opportunities to integrate resiliency planning into SOGR programs. She will describe a risk based approach for assessing potential exposure of assets to climate change impacts and how to incorporate this information into SOGR programs, from both a preventive and corrective maintenance standpoint. She will also discuss specific approaches to data collection as part of corrective maintenance processes, and how data can then be used to inform both planning and operations and maintenance decisions that support resiliency. Additionally, the speaker will address organizational challenges (such as cross‐silo management

support) and opportunities (e.g., existing SOGR or other data management tools. for integrating climate resiliency into SOGR.

Ms. Delaney has more than 30 years of experience within the sustainability, environmental, health, and safety fields. Her project experience includes global climate change adaptation and resiliency services; greenhouse gas management and climate action planning; management systems development; and

regulatory support. Ms. Delaney has direct experience with and familiarity of industry best practices in sustainability program development and climate adaptation, having assisting federal agencies, public entities, and communities in developing climate action plans and integrating sustainability initiatives into existing procedures. She has worked with numerous transportation and transit agencies to support research, planning, and design efforts focused on climate change mitigation and adaptation, including New Jersey Transit, Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority, Airport Cooperative Research Program, Westchester County Airport, and others. She also serves as a contributor to the American Public Transit Association (APTA) Recommended Practice: Guidelines for Climate Action Planning and has presented at several national conferences on the topics of climate change risk assessments for asset management as well as integrated approaches to climate change, sustainability, and adaptation. Lila Singer‐Berk & Greg Lindsey, Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota: Weather, Season, and Weekend vs. Weekday Effects on Trail Traffic in Different Land Use Environments Data on trail use and its dependence on land use classification can help planners and engineers optimize the design of trail characteristics. Our research aims to quantify daily use volumes and trends based on counts from 30 infrared monitoring sites in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia. Sites were selected via stratified random sampling for five land use classifications: urban, rural, low‐intensity, park, and forest. The 30 count locations have average daily traffic (ADT) ranging from 30 to 700. Through this study, we identify the elasticity of trail use based on weather, season, and day of week (weekday vs weekend) variables. The results show that the elasticity of these variables depends strongly on land use classification. Based on these findings, transportation planners and trail managers can understand and predict the effects of weather, season, and day of week (weekend vs. weekday) on trail traffic and trail traffic variations in five different land use classifications.

Lila Singer‐Berk is a Master's candidate at the Humphrey School of Public Affairs at the University of Minnesota. Her research and academic interests lie in the area of active transplantation planning and particularly bicycle and pedestrian counting. Her previous experience includes working as a research assistant with Professor Greg Lindsey at the University of Minnesota Humphrey School of Public Affairs and interning with Cambridge Systematics.

Greg Lindsey is a Professor at the Hubert H. Humphrey School of Public Affairs at the University of Minnesota. He specializes in transportation and environmental planning and management. His current projects involve analyses of non‐motorized transportation, and he is principal investigator for several projects supporting the Minnesota Bicycle and Pedestrian Counting Initiative. He published more than 175 peer‐reviewed papers, book chapters, technical reports, and popular articles. Dr. Lindsey earned his doctorate and a master’s degree from the Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering at the Johns Hopkins University.

Margaret Cederoth, California High Speed Rail Authority: Delivering Sustainable Infrastructure for California Delivering high‐speed rail in California has included significant progress to establish a new model for sustainable infrastructure. This has included innovative approaches to using the system infrastructure and right of way for renewable energy development, exploring district infrastructure solutions in station areas, and using environmental product declarations to drive improved materials choices.

Margaret Cederoth manages the sustainability program for the California High‐Speed Rail Authority. Her duties include policy development and implementation, greenhouse gas emissions inventory, tracking, and offsets, renewable energy planning, sustainable design, and district‐scale sustainability approaches. As an AICP and LEED accredited urban planner, she has over 17 years of experience in the areas of transportation and sustainability. Cederoth led sustainability efforts for the Masdar Institute project in Abu Dhabi from 2007 to 2009 and was active on several projects in the region that explored sustainability criteria for infrastructure projects. She has also worked on complex carbon neutral projects and high‐performance facilities in the US. She has been with Parsons Brinckerhoff (PB) since 2002 and currently

leads sustainable design and company initiatives at PB. Cederoth has a Masters of Urban and Regional Planning from the University of Illinois, Urbana‐Champaign.

5:30 pm to 9:00 pm Banquet: Train Excursion/Tour & Depot Dinner Board train near DECC; train returns to Depot

Thursday, July 20

7:00 am to 8:15 am – Registration and Breakfast Buffet, Posters

8:15 am to 10:00 am Day 2 Opening Session (Rooms 303 & 304)

Moderator: Duane Hill, Minnesota Department of Transportation Announcements Welcome Duluth Mayor Emily Larson

Keynotes Pulling out all the stops: The Relocation of US Highway 53 for mine expansion

Patrick Huston, Highway 53 Relocation Project Director, Minnesota Department of Transportation

The Intermodal Connection to Rural America's Resources, Economic Development, and Sustainability

Libby Ogard, President, Prime Focus LLC, DePere WI


Mayor Emily Larson, City of Duluth: Welcome Emily was elected Mayor of Duluth in November 2015 with 72% of the vote. She was inaugurated on January 4, 2016. Prior to becoming Mayor, Emily was President of the Duluth City Council, served as a Commissioner on the Duluth Economic Development Authority and was the Council conduit to Parks and Libraries. Currently, Mayor Larson serves as a member of the Young Women’s Initiative of Minnesota, and is a seated board member to the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Cities Initiative and the Greater Minnesota Housing

Fund. As Mayor, her priorities include sustainable energy, increasing and improving our housing stock, addressing the opioid epidemic, developing a stable and reliable long terms streets funding plan, and continuing to grow Duluth’s robust and unique economy. Emily earned an undergraduate degree from the College of St. Scholastica, a Master’s Degree from the University of Minnesota Duluth and is a graduate of Intermedia Arts Creative Community Leadership Institute. An active trail runner and full‐time admirer of Lake Superior, Emily is married to Doug Zaun and together they have two sons. Patrick Huston, MnDOT: Pulling out all the stops: The Relocation of US Highway 53 for mine expansion The Minnesota Department of Transportation constructed Highway 53 in 1960 on a private easement owned by US Steel across a taconite reserve in Virginia, Minnesota. Many state, county and local roads also were constructed across the reserve in this fashion. The terms of the easement agreement stated that US Steel would be responsible to move the highway if the ore reserve was needed prior to 1987, and MnDOT would be responsible for relocating the highway after 1987. The original agreement required the move to be made within three years of notice. In 2010, MnDOT received notice that the highway would have to be relocated to make way for mining, triggering the start of one of MnDOT’s greatest engineering challenges to date. The presentation will cover MnDOT’s unique project development and construction challenges and outside the box solutions on this high risk, fast track project.

Pat Huston is currently assigned as the Project Director for MnDOT for the Highway 53 Relocation Project in Virginia, MN. He is a member of MnDOT’s District 1 Duluth Management Team where his “other job” is Assistant District Engineer – Project Support. He has worked for MnDOT for 27 years in 11 different positions. Prior to joining MnDOT, he worked for the BNSF Railroad in the Pacific Northwest and Minneapolis ‐ St. Paul Regions. Pat is a Duluth native, holds a degree in civil engineering from the University of Minnesota and is a licensed civil engineer in Minnesota. He says the Highway 53 Relocation Project has challenged him more than any other project in his career and appreciates the wide variety of

experience he has gathered working and learning different positions within MnDOT. He draws on lessons learned and relationships built to overcome the many challenges his team has encountered on the Highway 53 Project.

Libby Ogard, Prime Focus LLC: The Intermodal Connection to Rural America's Resources, Economic Development, and Sustainability We all know that railroads are one of the most fuel and labor efficient ways to move bulk commodities. Bringing containerized rail access to under‐served rural America improves environmental sustainability. Yet it has been difficult for rural areas, rich in resources, to attract transportation service providers, assets and funding to improve access. This session will examine new equipment innovation and public private funding structures which will support the expansion of containerized intermodal services on short line railroads to America's hinterlands.

Prime Focus LLC was established in 2001 as a freight transportation planning and logistic consulting firm. Prime Focus LLC is a DBE/WBE certified in more than 20 states and has worked for firms in Canada, Spain, Mexico and China. Ms. Ogard has co‐authored eight National Academies Transportation Research Studies and has been involved in intermodal terminal assessments, mode conversion opportunities, Port assessments, interstate conversion NEPA assessments and trucking studies. Notably, Ms. Ogard has developed Rail Shipper Toolkits for Minnesota, Iowa and Wisconsin. This effort provided basic information for freight and rail users, the economic development community and the Department of Transportation. Prior to 2001, Ms. Ogard spent 18 years in the railroad industry at Burlington Northern and Conrail. Ms.

Ogard joined Schneider National and spent 7 years in the TruckRail division. As General Manager, Ms. Ogard managed private fleet operations, brokerage and intermodal services for Target, Walgreens, Family Dollar and Home Depot. Ms. Ogard holds an MBA from University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN. Ms. Ogard is active in the following transportation organizations: Department of Commerce ‐ Supply Chain, Competitiveness Council, Chicago Traffic Club – Membership Committee, Midwest Rail Shippers, Intermodal Association of Chicago, Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals – Past President Chicago, Transportation Research Board – Chair AR040 State Rail Freight Committee.

10:00 am to 10:15 am – Refreshment Break, Posters

10:15 to 12:00 pm Day 2 Morning Focus Session (Rooms 303 & 304)

Moderator: Larry Zanko, Natural Resources Research Institute, UMD Sustainable Transportation: The Nexus of Natural Resources, the Economy, Land Use, and the Environment

The Poe Lock: Lynchpin of the Great Lakes Navigation System

Marie Strum, Chief of Engineering and Technical Services Division – Detroit District

US Army Corps of Engineers

The Great Ships Initiative: Eliminating Ship‐mediated Invasive Species Introductions Through Validation of Ship‐board Treatment Systems

Euan Reavie, Senior Research Associate

Natural Resources Research Institute, UMD

Temporary Recreational Use of Mine Lands Peter Kero, Senior Environmental Engineer

Barr Engineering Company, Duluth MN

Balancing Natural Resources and Sustainability Rolf Weberg, Director Natural Resources Research Institute, UMD


Marie Strum, US Army Corps of Engineers: The Poe Lock: Lynchpin of the Great Lakes Navigation System The Soo Locks are situated on the St. Marys River at Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan. It consists of two operating locks: the Mac Arthur and Poe locks. The Mac Arthur Lock was placed into operation in 1943, while the Poe Lock was placed in service in 1969. Currently, over 85% of the tonnage is carried on vessels restricted by size to the Poe Lock. As the Poe Lock ages, unscheduled outages due to needed repairs have increased. Over 50% of the tonnage transiting the Soo Locks is iron ore, which is shipped to steel mills on the lower lakes. The Poe Lock has become the single point of failure for the Great Lakes Navigation System. There is currently no redundancy for the Poe Lock nor are there existing alternate modes of transportation available in the event of an extended outage. Such an outage would have significant adverse impacts on the regional and national economy. Congress authorized a new Poe‐sized lock in 1986. The Corps of Engineers is currently updating the Benefit Cost Ratio to determine if it is economically justified to build a redundant lock.

Marie Strum is Chief of Engineering and Technical Services for the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Detroit District. A native of the Detroit area, Ms. Strum graduated from Michigan State University in 1985 with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Civil Engineering. She received a Master of Science in Environmental Systems Engineering from Clemson University in 1987. Ms. Strum began her career with CH2M HILL, a national consulting engineering firm, in 1987 in San Francisco, California. She worked for CH2M HILL from 1987 – 1990 in San Francisco; from 1990‐1997 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and from 1997‐1999 in Detroit, Michigan. While at CH2M HILL, Ms. Strum managed

a wide‐variety of water resources projects for public and private sector clients, including watershed studies, water allocation studies, master planning, water quality evaluations, environmental impact studies, and outfall design and analysis. In 1999, Ms. Strum was selected for a position in as a Hydraulic Engineer for the Detroit District. Since that time, she has served in a variety of positions including Chief, Watershed Hydrology Branch, Acting Deputy District Engineer, Deputy Chief of Engineering and Technical Services (ETS) and in June 2016 was selected as Chief of ETS. As Chief of ETS, Ms. Strum oversees the execution of the civil works and military missions in the Detroit District in Engineering, Design, and Construction; Operations; Great Lakes Hydraulics & Hydrology; Regulatory; and Emergency Management. Ms. Strum also manages the Great Lakes Navigation Team, a regional team comprised of Buffalo, Chicago, and Detroit District staff focusing on navigation business line efforts. In this role, she leads the team in stakeholder outreach, data development and communication, and regional budget development. The team focuses on budgeting, maintaining, and operating the Corps’ Great Lakes navigation infrastructure as one interdependent system. Ms. Strum is a registered professional engineer in Michigan, Wisconsin, and California. Euan Reavie, Natural Resources Research Institute: The Great Ships Initiative: Eliminating Ship‐mediated Invasive Species Introductions Through Validation of Ship‐board Treatment Systems Ballast water discharge from ships is a significant source for the introduction and spread of aquatic invasive species. The Great Ships Initiative (GSI) is evaluating candidate shipboard treatment systems for their ability to prevent the introduction of freshwater nuisance species. Testing at bench, land‐based and shipboard scales meets International Maritime Organization (IMO) and Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) guidelines. Testing scenarios involve accurate simulations of ship‐board activities (e.g., pumping rates, water volumes, ballast holding times). Numbers of surviving ambient organisms in treated discharge are evaluated using an array of standard operating procedures. Results from a treatment system evaluation is presented relative to its ability to neutralize bacteria, protists (10 ‐ 50 µm group) and zooplankton (>50 µm group). GSI test findings are supporting the development of ship‐board treatment systems that meet and surpass requirements for preventing ballast‐mediated aquatic species introductions.

Dr. Euan Reavie, a Senior Research Associate at the Natural Resources Research Institute, earned his PhD in Biology from Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario. Dr. Reavie’s research is focused on algae indicators of human impacts, with particular applications to cultural eutrophication, climate change and invasive species mediated by ballast water. His team also uses paleolimnology – analysis of sedimentary records to reconstruct impacts and remediation success.

Peter Kero, Barr Engineering Company: Temporary Recreational Use of Mine Lands For decades, closed mines around the world have been repurposed for uses ranging from food production to recreational parks to computer data storage. Better development and promotion of such post‐mining land uses could change the public’s perception and support of mining. Yet, mine repurposing often requires significant reclamation and infrastructure investments. These investments can be difficult to reverse when economic or technological changes allow closed mines to be re‐opened. This conundrum can stagnate the reuse of mine lands because stakeholders want to protect potential future mining value that may develop when conditions change. Temporary recreational use of mine lands has the potential to increase public support for mining without permanently encumbering mineral resources. This talk will explore potential temporary recreational uses that have both high levels of public interest and low infrastructure and reclamation investments. Also, it will discuss practices for site and project selection, addressing stakeholder concerns and calculating the potential return on investment for such projects.

Peter Kero is a professional engineer with 23 years of experience performing environmental work at mining and brownfield redevelopment sites. His work includes environmental planning, permitting, investigation and remediation at more than 20 mine sites in Minnesota, Michigan, Arizona and California. Peter has a BS in Environmental Engineering from Michigan Technological University and an MS in Civil Engineering from the University of Minnesota. He is employed at the Hibbing, Minnesota office of Barr Engineering Company.

Rolf Weberg, Natural Resources Research Institute: Balancing Natural Resources and Sustainability Utilization of our natural resources has inevitable short and long‐term impacts on our environments, communities and economies. The intensity, persistence and cost/benefit of these impacts must be balanced by sound preparation supporting good decisions. Consistent investment in innovative research and development is necessary to proactively anticipate challenges and develop effective solutions. Such preparation not only requires system understanding, interdisciplinary collaboration and creativity, but also effective communication and outreach to engage the public and decision‐makers in creating and supporting sound, long‐term decisions. The concept of sustainability may perhaps be over‐applied in considering use of our natural resources. As we recognize that today’s challenges appear to be affected more and more by forces out of our control (climate and weather extremes, global markets, invasive species, etc.), development of viable options to consider in the face of significant changes offers a route to resilience planning. A resilient response depends upon comprehensive understanding of the systems involved with the application of life cycle analysis to anticipate and quantify approaches and overall impacts. A dedication to balance natural resource utilization with our environment, economy and communities affords a competitive advantage in minimizing waste, enhancing value and sustaining quality of life.

Dr. Weberg assumed leadership of the University of Minnesota Duluth’s Natural Resources Research Institute (NRRI) after a 25‐year industrial career. As Executive Director, he is responsible for the operation, integration and performance of the Institute and its 130 full time and 40+ part time and student employees. NRRI works to fulfill the University of Minnesota’s applied research role in natural resources and economic development as chartered by the Minnesota Legislature in 1983. Today, NRRI is recognized as a model for bridging between the University of Minnesota and state stakeholders to define, develop and deliver research solutions balancing the economy, state resources and the environment to foster resilient communities. NRRI works to build productive relationships with its

constituents including industry, business, agency partners, environmental leaders and Minnesota communities. Dr. Weberg grew up in Mankato, Minnesota and attended the University of Minnesota Duluth where he graduated with a BS degree in Chemistry (1982). He received a PhD in Inorganic/Organometallic Chemistry from the University of Colorado, Boulder (1986). After two post‐doctoral appointments, he embarked upon a 25‐year career in the R&D division of the DuPont Company. He left DuPont in 2014 as the Global Technology Manager for DuPont’s Building Innovations Business – Surfaces Division.

12:00 pm to 1:00 pm – Buffet Lunch


Moderator: Ben Worel, Minnesota Department of Transportation Pavements: Sustainable Approaches to Design, Construction, and Maintenance

The Benefits of Cold‐in‐place Recycling of Asphalt Pavements

Chris DeDene, Pavement Engineer American Engineering Testing (AET), St. Paul MN

Cold‐in‐Place Recycling: Quantifying the Environmental Benefits Using Life Cycle Assessment

Angela Pakes, Technical Director Recycled Materials Resource Center, University of Wisconsin – Madison

Evaluation of Full Depth Reclamation (FDR) for Suburban Local Roads Using Mechanical Testing and Pavement Design Predictions

Marcella Hartman, Research Assistant University of Minnesota

Use of High Contents of Reclaimed Asphalt (RAP) in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Pavements

Sumon Roy, Graduate Research Assistant Arkansas State University Badrul Ahsan, Graduate Research

Assistant

Chris DeDene, American Engineering Testing: The Benefits of Cold‐in‐place Recycling of Asphalt Pavements The traditional method to repair asphalt pavements is to mill several inches of pavement from the existing surface and overlay the remaining pavement with new material. Recent advancements have shown that distressed roads can be reprocessed and recycled without the need of hauling material offsite and replacing it with new material. This process, known as Cold In‐place Recycling (CIR), is a growing choice for pavement rehabilitation because it offers a lower‐cost alternative to a traditional mill and overlay, while restoring structure to the existing pavement materials. In addition to potential cost savings, the use of CIR conserves natural resources and reduces emissions from hauling, which may make it a more‐sustainable choice for pavement rehabilitation. This presentation will touch on the basics of CIR and the benefits it offers, as well as identify which types of projects are good candidates for the technique.

Dr. Christopher DeDene is a pavements and materials engineer specializing in pavement investigation and rehabilitation projects. In this role, Chris performs pavement analysis and design, researches pavement rehabilitation and asphalt aging, facilitates AET’s vibration monitoring program and designs and oversees the construction of Cold In‐Place Recycled (CIR) and Stabilized Full‐Depth Reclamation (SFDR) pavements. He also assists with laboratory testing of granular and bituminous materials and performs non‐destructive field testing of various pavements. Chris is a registered professional engineer and holds a PhD in Civil Engineering from the University of Minnesota, and a Master’s degree from Michigan Tech.

Angela Pakes, Recycled Materials Resource Center, University of Wisconsin – Madison: Cold‐in‐Place Recycling: Quantifying the Environmental Benefits Using Life Cycle Assessment The conventional highway resurfacing technique is mill and overlay (MOL) which partially removes the existing pavement and replaces it with asphalt derived from some recycled, but mostly virgin materials. With increasing cost of virgin materials and pressure to build sustainably, the use of recycled materials in roads is increasingly prevalent. Cold‐in‐Place Recycling (CIR) is an alternative highway resurfacing method that partially mills the existing pavement and uses it beneath a thinner layer of new asphalt. CIR has become widely used for convenience and cost benefits, but the environmental impacts are poorly quantified. This project quantifies and compares the energy, water and carbon dioxide associated with CIR and MOL for nine projects using life cycle assessment tools. The results will help predict and inform the environmental benefits of CIR in future highway construction.


Marcella Hartman, University of Minnesota: Evaluation of Full Depth Reclamation (FDR) for Suburban Local Roads Using Mechanical Testing and Pavement Design Predictions Full‐depth reclamation (FDR) as a rehabilitation method improves the service life of pavement structures by reusing asphalt materials, thereby reducing costs and allowing for conservation of nonrenewable resources. However, the lack of mechanics‐based material testing procedures and performance‐based specifications inhibits efforts to standardize FDR processes. In this paper, four materials were subjected to two test methods (Indirect Tensile Test (IDT) and Dynamic Modulus Test in IDT mode), then examined in MnPAVE software in order to determine the potential performance of the FDR process. Preliminary results indicate that the materials used in this research effort represent viable solutions for extending the life of pavement structures: for an additional 50% construction costs, the life of the pavement almost doubles.

Marcella Hartman graduated with a BS degree in geology from the University of Minnesota. After working in both mineral exploration and civil engineering (with a focus in underground construction and excavation), Marcella returned to the University of Minnesota to obtain her MS degree in GeoEngineering, which she will complete this month. As a graduate student, Marcella performed research in asphalt pavement engineering with her advisor, Dr. Mihai Marasteanu. After graduation, Marcella hopes to obtain a full‐time position with a civil engineering consulting firm.

Sumon Roy & Mohammad Badrul Ahsan, Arkansas State University: Use of High Contents of Reclaimed Asphalt (RAP) in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Pavements The use of RAP in HMA pavements has increased in recent years. Sensitivities of selected pavement distresses (rut depth and fatigue cracking) with the increment of RAP in HMA pavements were evaluated using the Mechanistic‐Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) tool. Four Superpave mixes containing RAPs from 0% to 40% in two HMA mixes (base mix, S3 and surface mix, S4) were evaluated. While performing the MEPDG analyses, three different pavement sections (S4+0% RAP with an underlying S3 with 40% RAP; S4+25% RAP with an underlying S3 with 25% RAP; and S4+25% RAP with an underlying S3 with 40% RAP) were compared with a typical section of S4+0% RAP with an underlying S3 with 25% RAP. It was observed that the predicted Asphalt Concrete (AC) top‐down fatigue cracking is significantly higher due to the increment of RAP although AC bottom‐up fatigue cracking is reduced considerably for all cases. Conversely, rut depth is reduced noticeably with the high percentage of RAP in all mixes. A similar pattern is also found in terminal International Roughness Index values, which decrease with the increase of RAP. Findings of this study are expected help pavement professionals in analyzing HMA mixes with high RAPs using the MEPDG.

Sumon Roy and Mohammad Badrul Ahsan are both Graduate Research Assistants in the College of Agriculture, Engineering and Technology at Arkansas State University.


Moderator: David Wilson, Virginia Department of Transportation Environmental/Contamination Management: Pollution Prevention and Remediation

Maryland Transit Administration’s Environmental Management System as Driver for Change in Other Organizational Areas

Casey Keener, Senior Environmental Specialist

KCI Technologies, Inc., Sparks MD

Utilization of Steel Furnace Slag in Environmental Remediation

John J. Yzenas, Jr., Director ‐ Technical Services

Edw. C. Levy Company, Valparaiso IN

Thermal Remediation of TCE at a Former Asphalt Lab Jeffrey D. Gernand, Senior Hydrogeologist

KCI Technologies, Inc., Sparks MD

Use of Scrap Tires for Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications

Angela Pakes, Technical Director

Recycled Materials Resource Center; University of Wisconsin – Madison Tuncer B. Edil, Director

Casey Keener, KCI Technologies, Inc.: Maryland Transit Administration’s Environmental Management System as Driver for Change in Other Organizational Areas Transportation and transit agencies have discovered the value of implementing an Environmental Management System (EMS) to proactively engage employees and manage environmental risk. For EMS following the ISO 14001 structure, the updated Standard requires enhanced senior management involvement and fiscal and life‐cycle planning. These new requirements and the “Plan, Do, Check, Act” process can be universally applied throughout all areas of an organization including Operations, Sustainability, Safety and Health, and Procurement. At the Maryland Transit Administration, increased involvement and application of ISO 14001 principles to traditionally non‐environmental organizational areas is providing many benefits to the organization as a whole, including the following: •Risk identification and reduction, improved fiscal management and planning, and potential cost savings. •Incorporation of other organizational areas gives viability to the EMS. •Improved relationships with regulators applicable to their respective areas and qualification of organizations for environmental excellence incentives and other programs. •Improvements to operational efficiency across the organization.

Casey Keener is an environmental compliance and environmental management system specialist with 15 years of experience assisting transit and transportation entities, as well as various federal agencies, with developing, implementing, auditing, and managing environmental programs. Over the past 2.5 years, her work with the Maryland Transit Administration has focused on the development of an Environmental and Sustainability Management System and solidifying environmental media management.

John J. Yzenas, Jr., Edw. C. Levy Company: Utilization of Steel Furnace Slag in Environmental Remediation While Blast Furnace Slags (Iron) have been utilized in many aggregate applications over the years, Steel Slag is just starting to come into its own. One of the more interesting applications for steel furnace slag is in environmental remediation. This is a somewhat non‐traditional role for these materials, but it has seen acceptance worldwide. These applications have spanned over several areas such as heavy metals remediation, phosphorous remediation and neutralization of acid mine drainage. This presentation will cover the role the chemistry, mineralogy, and how the physical nature of these materials plays in to their success.

John J. Yzenas, Jr. is the Director of Technical Services for the Edw. C. Levy Company and PlantTuff Inc. John has worked for the Levy Company for over 25 years. Prior to working for the Levy Company, he was involved in the construction materials industry working in various areas such as operations, quality and new product development. He is an ASTM International Fellow, Past Chairman of Committee D‐04 on "Road and Paving Materials," Honorary Member of C‐09 (Concrete and Aggregates), and D‐04 (Road and Paving Materials). He serves on the Mineral Aggregates Committee for the Transportation Research Board and is a member of the Indiana Mineral Aggregates Association “Hall of Fame.”

Jeffrey D. Gernand, KCI Technologies, Inc.: Thermal Remediation of TCE at a Former Asphalt Lab Many Departments of Transportation have operated asphalt laboratories using chlorinated solvents to extract asphalt from aggregate in core samples. In some locations, these solvents were inadvertently released, leading to soil and groundwater contamination. At one such site in Maryland, a membrane interface probe (MIP) investigation showed that most of the released trichloroethene (TCE) resided in a clay aquitard, where it would continue to contaminate groundwater for decades. The Maryland State Highway Administration contracted a thermal remediation program to reduce TCE concentrations in soil by 95%. Thermal remediation was completed in approximately six months, and groundwater monitoring is in its fifth year. Lessons for managers of challenging sites include: •Early and candid cooperation with your regulator is beneficial; •Define the goals carefully and explicitly – source strength reduction or mass flux reduction may be practical, while achieving MCLs may not be; •Seemingly expensive remedial technologies may become practical when considering the life‐cycle costs of operating and monitoring a contaminated site, or when these technologies expedite site reuse; •Performance‐based contracting can help address the risk of using an innovative technology; •Mixtures of TCE and asphalt may influence remedy selection and remedial success.

Jeff Gernand is a Professional Geologist and Professional Engineer with over 30 years of experience in environmental site assessment, remedial design, remedial construction, and remedial operations for a wide variety of contaminated sites. He has 10 years of experience with KCI Technologies, Inc., in Sparks, Maryland. Throughout those 10 years he has served as a consultant to the Maryland DOT State Highway Administration, whose former asphalt laboratory is the subject of this presentation.

Angela Pakes and Tuncer B. Edil, Recycled Materials Resource Center; University of Wisconsin – Madison: Use of Scrap Tires for Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications Scrap tires shredded into small pieces (called “chips”) alone or mixed with soil can have properties favorable to civil and environmental engineering applications. Although the reuse of scrap tires has become more common, questions regarding environmental suitability still persist, particularly the potential impact on ground and surface waters and aquatic life due to leaching. In contrast to this concern on contamination of the environment, the significant sorption capacity of tire material renders it a potential material for environmental protection and remediation when in contact with contaminated waters and leachate. This paper provides a review of the leaching characteristics of scrap tire chips as well as their sorption capacity that can be used in environmental applications based on the author’s own research and the available literature.


2:45 pm to 3:00 pm – Refreshment Break


Moderator: Julie Oreskovich, Natural Resources Research Institute, UMD Aggregate Materials Sustainability: Mining and Industrial By‐Products

An Overview and Update of the NRRI's Minerals‐based Byproduct Research and Development Activities

Larry Zanko, Senior Research Program Manager

Natural Resources Research Institute, UMD

Use of Fibers, Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Taconite in Asphalt Mixtures for Cold Climate Regions

Manik Barman, Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering


Effect of Waste Glass Compositional Variability on Geopolymer Strength Performance

Scot Larson, Graduate Student


Thermal Properties of Geopolymers and Taconite Tailings

Casey Sundberg, Graduate Student, Civil Engineering


Larry Zanko, Natural Resources Research Institute: An Overview and Update of the NRRI's Minerals‐based Byproduct Research and Development Activities The Natural Resources Research Institute of the University of Minnesota Duluth (NRRI‐UMD) is conducting applied research focused on identifying potential beneficial end‐uses for and expanding the utilization of mineral by‐product materials generated by mining, mineral processing, and other industrial processes and activities. Much of this research effort has been aimed at pursuing near‐term implementation projects that: 1) improve durability, safety, and natural resource sustainability; 2) introduce these materials to targeted markets in project‐sized quantities; 3) have value‐added commercialization potential; and 4) make environmental and economic sense. Focus areas include: •Value‐added friction aggregates •Pavement repair materials and technologies •Cement manufacturing •Mix design and other aggregate uses •Coordinated strategies for reducing transportation costs. The presentation provides an overview and update of these ongoing efforts.

Mr. Zanko is Senior Research Program Manager for By‐Product Reuse and Remediation at the Natural Resources Research Institute (NRRI), University of Minnesota Duluth. The program is part of the NRRI’s Mining, Minerals and Metallurgy Initiative. He has worked in the minerals field and has conducted geological, mineral resource and minerals industry‐related applied research for most of his 30+ year career. Mr. Zanko is a graduate of the University of Minnesota, where he received bachelor degrees in Geological Engineering and Microbiology and a master’s degree in Geological Engineering. He is a standing member of the Transportation Research Board (TRB) of the National Academies Aggregates Committee (AFP70) and is

a longtime member of the Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration (SME). Manik Barman, Swenson College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth: Use of Fibers, Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Taconite in Asphalt Mixtures for Cold Climate Regions Low temperature cracks (thermal cracking) are a major distress of asphalt pavements in Minnesota. These cracks initiate during the winter season and propagate with repeated traffic loading. The resistance of the asphalt mixtures against the thermal cracking relies on the fracture resistance of the asphalt mixtures. This study investigated the influence of (i) sustainable materials such as reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), (ii) Minnesota’s abundantly available taconite and (iii) two different types of fibers on the thermal crack resistance of asphalt mixtures. Disc Shaped Compact Tension (DCT) testing was conducted on asphalt mixtures to determine the fracture energy or indirectly the thermal cracking resistance. In DCT test, a monotonic load is applied on a pre‐notched disk‐shaped sample. The load vs crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) relationship is recorded during the test. The area under the load vs CMOD curve is used to determine fracture energy (Gf). Based on the DCT test results, it was found that the thermal cracking resistances of the non‐fiber reinforced mixture and aramid fibers mixture were quite similar. The Acrylic fibers mixture has shown an improved performance against the thermal cracking. The DCT tests conducted asphalt mixtures containing RAP and taconite revealed that certain percentages of these materials can be used in the asphalt mixtures without compromising the thermal crack resistance.

Dr. Barman is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Minnesota Duluth (UMD). He received his PhD (2014) and Master (2004) degrees in Civil Engineering from the University of Pittsburgh and Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, respectively. Before joining UMD, he served as a Senior Research Fellow at the University of Oklahoma (OU). Dr. Barman teaches infrastructure materials and pavement engineering related courses at UMD. He conducts research on a range of pavement engineering problems emphasizing on pavement design, materials and sustainability. Dr. Barman

is the Principal Investigator (PI) and investigator of several sponsored projects. His current research projects deal with: (i) application of fiber reinforced concrete in concrete overlays, (ii) best practices manual for pot‐hole patches, (iii) cost

effectiveness of crack sealing methods, (iv) performance evaluation fiber reinforced concrete overlays constructed at MnROAD, and (v) high density asphalt mix, etc. Dr. Barman has collaborated with Oklahoma Department of Transportation, Southern Plains Transportation Center, Minnesota Department of Transportation, National Road Research Alliance (NRRA), University of Oklahoma, University of Minnesota, University of Nevada at Reno and St. Louis County, Minnesota for his research works. Barman takes pride in being a member of the research group at University of Pittsburgh that had developed the design procedure for the bonded concrete overlay of asphalt pavement, BCOA‐ME. This design procedure is currently a part of the latest Pavement ME design software. He is actively involved in several professional organizations (e.g., ASCE, TRB, ACI, ACPA, ISCP, NRRA, IRC, IEI, etc.) and currently serves as a Member in the two Standing Committees of the Transportation Research Board. He is a peer reviewer of several scholarly journals, namely, Transportation Research Record, International Journal of Pavement Engineering, International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology, Construction and Building Materials, Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, and International Society of Concrete Pavement. Dr. Barman acts as a project proposal reviewer for the Southern Plains Transportation Center and UMD. Scot Larson, Swenson College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth: Effect of Waste Glass Compositional Variability on Geopolymer Strength Performance Geopolymer cements are formed when powdered aluminosilicates are mixed in proper proportions with an alkali hydroxide or alkali silicate activator. These cements can be used in many concrete applications and have the potential to utilize high volumes of waste materials, potentially leading to a lower carbon footprint than typical portland cement production. Most glasses are 100% recyclable, however, due to the cost and time associated with color sorting and removing contaminants, the recycling rate in the US is closer to 27%. Studies on the effects of composition of other aluminosilicate materials, such as fly ash, have been done in the past, but none on waste glass. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between the elemental oxide composition of waste glass and the corresponding compressive strength of a glass‐based geopolymer mortar. Samples of glass from multiple waste streams were collected. Each sample was prepared with an alkali activator and sand to create a mortar. Each glass sample was used with two activators and cured at 80°C for 24 hours and then placed in an environmental chamber. The geopolymer mortars samples were then tested to failure per ASTM C109 for compressive strength.

Scot Larson is a graduate student in Civil Engineering at the University of Minnesota Duluth. He has focused on research in concrete materials, mainly in recycled material usage and alternative cements. He is currently working in the graduate rotation program for the Minnesota Department of Transportation.

Casey Sundberg, Swenson College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth: Thermal Properties of Geopolymers and Taconite Tailings This research aims to explore the use of geopolymer binders with taconite tailing aggregates as a concrete thermal barrier to protect the containment structure of a nuclear power plant during a core meltdown. This materials‐based approach involves investigating the thermal properties of each material and analyzing the effects of thermal loading on their performance and integrity. Thermal conductivity tests will be conducted to determine how well each material disperses heat throughout the structure. Tests will also be carried out to determine the effects that thermal stress and thermal expansion have on the materials’ ability to maintain an effective barrier. Using the thermal properties discovered, a finite element simulation will be created to obtain a prediction of how the materials will react to thermal loading. A physical model will then be created to simulate a core meltdown by pouring molten aluminum onto each material. The microstructure of each tested sample will then be examined and related to its macroscopic properties. Variations in compressive strength will be determined using surface hardness measurements taken along the temperature gradient. The data collected will be used to determine the usefulness of each material and to adjust the mix design, if necessary.

Casey Sundberg is a graduate student performing research at the University of Minnesota Duluth. He has a Bachelor of Science Degree in Mechanical Engineering. Currently, he is pursuing a Master of Science Degree in Civil Engineering. His current research focuses on geopolymer concretes for use in high temperature applications. This project aims to create safe and effective geopolymer concretes to improve the safety of sensitive structures, such as nuclear power plants and parking ramps, while reducing energy consumption in the production of concrete. He is working on this project with Dr. Mary Christiansen, Dr. Brian Hinderliter, and Dr. Andrea Schokker. Casey is a lifelong Duluth resident and enjoys contributing positively

to his community.


Moderator: Ben Worel, Minnesota Department of Transportation Pavements: Material Effects and Evaluation

Testing protocol to obtain failure properties of asphalt binders at low temperature using creep compliance and stress controlled strength test

Debaroti Ghosh, Graduate Research Assistant

University of Minnesota

Performance of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as Sustainable Construction Material in Concrete Pavement

Zahid Hossain, Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering

Arkansas State University

Nuclear magnetic resonance study of the influence of graphene oxide on the hydration of fly ash

Gang Xu, PhD Candidate Washington State University

Graphite Nano‐Platelet (GNP) Reinforced Asphalt Paving Materials

Mihai Marasteanu Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo‐Engineering, University of Minnesota

Jia‐Liang Le

Mugurel Turos

Debaroti Ghosh, University of Minnesota: Testing protocol to obtain failure properties of asphalt binders at low temperature using creep compliance and stress controlled strength test Good fracture properties are an essential requirement for asphalt materials used in the construction of pavements in cold regions. For asphalt binder, two instruments were developed during SHRP research effort to investigate the low temperature behavior of these materials: Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) and Direct Tension Tester (DTT). These two devices are used to obtain the performance grade (PG) of asphalt binders in the US. The DTT is expensive and the results are less repeatable due to a complex sample preparation and difficult‐to‐achieve strain‐controlled loading. For these reasons, many agencies do not use DTT when selecting asphalt binders, and rely entirely on the creep properties obtained with the BBR testing method. In this paper, a modified BBR is used to perform three‐point bending strength tests on asphalt binder beams at low temperature, with the final goal of developing a specification for binder selection, similar to the current PG specification. BBR strength and DTT tests are first performed on a common set of binders, and the results are compared using size effect theory. Then, additional tests are performed and a simple and practical strength test procedure based on BBR creep data and on BBR strength data obtained under constant loading rate is proposed.

Debaroti Ghosh is a PhD candidate at the University of Minnesota. She received her MSc in Civil Engineering from the University of Oklahoma at 2014. As a graduate student, her research focus has been asphalt pavement engineering which includes on the characterization of both asphalt binder and mixture. In her masters, she worked on developing guidelines for Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery test method of asphalt binder which assisted the Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT) in a successful transition to the latest MSCR specifications for binders. Her doctoral work focuses on the evaluation of newly‐introduced bio‐fog seal for pavement preservation through laboratory investigation of both asphalt

binder and mixture and developing a testing protocol for asphalt binder strength test. She has worked on several MnDOT projects which include evaluation of full depth reclamation for local suburban roads, pothole prevention and innovative repair and investigation of low temperature cracking of asphalt binder and the mixture from MnROAD. Currently, she is also working as a Graduate II Engineer at MnDOT in the office of materials and road research.

Zahid Hossain, Arkansas State University: Performance of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as Sustainable Construction Material in Concrete Pavement The concrete industry has been conducting extensive research to find potential alternative construction materials due to the increasing cost of cement and shortage of local fly ash. Rice husk ash (RHA), abundantly produced in Arkansas, is an agro‐based byproduct. RHA is treated as waste material, but it has the potential to be used as sustainable cementitious material as partial replacement of cement and fly ash due to its high silica content. But its performance as a construction material has not been studied yet. The present research aimed to study the performance of local RHA as partial replacement (10% and 20%) of cement in concrete and compared with control (0% RHA) samples. Three different types of graded RHA (600µm‐RHA, 150µm‐RHA and 44µm‐RHA) and a locally available Class C fly ash (CFA) were used in this study for comparison purposes. Properties of RHA‐ and CFA‐modified concrete such as compressive, tensile, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, and alkali silica reactivity were determined through laboratory tests. Test results suggest that tested RHA should be grinded to

smaller than 44 µm particle size to get improved concrete properties. Unground coarse RHA may be used in filler material as controlled low strength material (CLSM).

Dr. Zahid Hossain is an Associate Professor of Civil Engineering at Arkansas State University (ASU). He has over 10 years’ experience in research and scholastic activities, with an emphasis in the development and characterization of sustainable paving materials (asphalt and concrete) using various waste materials and nano‐fillers through mechanistic and surface science techniques. Dr. Hossain recently received an NSF:MRI award to acquire an atomic force microscope (AFM) for his research laboratory. Among different awards of Dr. Hossain, the 2014 Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award from Oak Ridge Associated

Universities, and 2013 Arkansas State University Faculty Award for Scholarship are noteworthy to mention. Dr. Hossain has authored 25 peer‐reviewed journal articles, and 30 referred conference papers, and served as a member/reviewer/editor of several professional journals, academies, scientific boards, and technical publications. Dr. Hossain currently supervises six graduate students and thee undergraduate students. Dr. Hossain is a registered Professional Engineer in Arkansas. Gang Xu, Washington State University: Nuclear magnetic resonance study of the influence of graphene oxide on the hydration of fly ash This work studied the graphene oxide (GO) as a regulator for fly ash hydration. The morphology, composition and spatial distribution of GO‐modified hydration products in a chemically activated fly ash binder were investigated by 29Si/27Al MAS‐NMR to unravel the possible role of GO in the fly ash hydration. Raman spectroscopy, XRD and TGA analyses were also carried out to verify the findings from the NMR analyses. The experimental results suggested that GO regulated the Ca/Si, Si/Al and Ca/(Si+Al) mole ratios and facilitated the formation of hydration products with improved mechanical strength. It was also found that GO promoted the formation of tobermorite‐like hydrates and jennite‐like hydrates rather than ordinary Calcium‐Silicate‐Hydrate (C‐S‐H). The regulation mechanism of GO in the fly ash hydration was proposed and validated by the histogram analysis of mole ratio mappings as follows: (1) the electronegative GO nanosheet attracts positively charged alkaline ions and repels Al(OH)4ˉ tetrahedra; (2) the functional groups (epoxide and hydroxyl) of GO react with Ca2+ to produce jennite‐like hydrates. Thus, the GO consumed Ca2+ ions to promote the formation of C‐S‐H (calcium silicate hydrate) with less Ca‐ions disturbance.

Gang Xu is a PhD candidate from the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Washington State University. He is also a Professional Engineer registered in California. His research interests include sustainable and innovative concrete materials, nanomaterial application in building materials and structural engineering. His research at WSU focuses on the development of hydraulic concrete mixes that use the pure fly ash and other industrial wastes or byproducts and the nanomaterial application in green cementitious materials.

Mihai Marasteanu, Jia Liang‐Le, and Mugurel Turos, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo‐Engineering, University of Minnesota: Graphite Nano‐Platelet (GNP) Reinforced Asphalt Paving Materials Researchers at the University of Minnesota have developed a graphene nano‐platelets reinforced asphalt binder that has superior mechanical properties over pavement service temperatures, compared to existing binder formulations. Examples will be presented to show that for some formulations, asphalt binder strength at low temperatures doubled compared to the original binder, and fracture energy increases significantly for asphalt mixtures. It was also found that the addition of graphene nano‐platelets significantly reduces the compaction effort required to prepare asphalt mixtures. Results will be presented for mixture test samples prepared using traditional mixture preparation, as well as mixture test samples prepared from loose mix. The effect on rutting behavior is also discussed.

Dr. Marasteanu is Professor of Civil Engineering and leads the asphalt materials research program at University of Minnesota. He has published over 100 papers in peer reviewed journals and over 40 research reports. He was PI of two major national pooled fund studies on low temperature cracking in asphalt pavements that led to the development of the first performance specification for asphalt mixtures using fracture tests and fracture mechanics concepts. His research group has developed two testing methods for asphalt mixture characterization that are now provisional AASHTO standards. Dr. Marasteanu is member of TRB AFK20 Committee on Characteristics of Bituminous Materials and was

for many years member of FHWA Asphalt Binder Expert Task Group. He has served as proposal reviewer for the National Science Foundation, Canadian National Research Council, and for the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council in UK. He is associate editor of the international journal of Road Materials and Pavement Design.

5:00 pm to 5:30 pm Workshop Wrap‐up

Instructions for Bus Trip Duane Hill, MnDOT

Workshop Overview and Discussion: open the floor Cyrus Parker, Duane Hill, Elaine Hansen, Larry Zanko

5:30 pm Workshop Adjourns – Evening on the town

Friday, July 21

8:00 am to 1:30 pm Bus trip to Hwy 53 Relocation Site and United Taconite Mine Tour Board bus at Radisson Hotel

Attendee Registration Special Event Cost for Guests of Attendees Corporate/Private: $199 July 18 Icebreaker/Harbor Tour: $25/person Government/Non‐Profit: $149 July 19 Train Tour & Depot Dinner $35/person Student: $ 79 July 21 Hwy 53 Site and Mine Tour $25/person

Please visit: http://www.trb‐adc60.org/

2017 TRB WorkshopPresenter Biographies for this Workshop

can be found on our website:http://trb-adc60.org/

2017 TRB Summer Workshop | July 18-21 | Duluth, Minnesota

Presents Natural Resources ... - TRB Committee ADC602017 TRB Summer Workshop Duluth, Minnesota |...

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